DE9113041U1 - Lashing device for securing transported goods - Google Patents

Description

Patent Attorneys Tergau & Pohl, Nuremberg Page

Description

&bgr; Lashing device for securing transported goods

&bgr; The invention relates to a lashing device for securing

9 Transport goods on loading areas of transport vehicles.

10 Lashing device consists of one or more lashing strands, which

11 strap the loaded load under pre-tension. The lashing straps can

12 are arranged parallel to each other, can run diagonally

13 or can also be stretched like a net over the load to be secured. Such lashing strands can be designed as ropes, straps, chains, belts, etc.

is Textile tensioning and lashing straps are preferred for load lashing

ie used.

ie The lashing straps are intended to prevent the transported goods from moving away from their

ig loading equipment or the loading area of the transport vehicle and damages

μgr;, especially when the transport vehicle accelerates or brakes

21. Transport vehicles include all land, water and

Suitable for 22 aircraft.

24 On the known loading areas of transport vehicles according to the state of the

25 Technology so far is fixed lashing points for latching the lashing ropes

26. Commercially available lashing straps have universal end fittings

27, which are designed in particular as hooks. In particular, the commercially available universal snap hooks, universal claw hooks and

29 Universal claw hooks are used for this purpose. Such hooks are for example

31 DIN Glossary, published by

32 German Standards Committee, edited by

33 Karl Quak, Beuth-Vertrieb GmbH 1961 , p. 180

34. Furthermore, such universal hooks are also made of

35 LUEGER, Lexicon of Factory Organisation

se and conveyor technology. Vol. 15. Deutsche Verlagsanstalt 1971,

37 p. 20 and p. 262 f.

se known. The lashing points on the loading area of the transport vehicle are

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Patent Attorneys Tergau & Pohl, Nuremberg Page

&igr; preferably designed as a ring or bracket, into which the universal hook

2 can be easily hung up.

4 The disadvantage of these lashing points is their stability. Often the

5 Loading area of transport vehicles only partially loaded. The lashing points are &bgr; preferably designed for a fully loaded loading area. Are

7 If there are several lashing points on the loading area, these hold a

β defines a certain distance grid to which the operator is bound.

9 The optimal position of a lashing point depends largely on the condition

10 of the loaded transport goods.

12 To eliminate these disadvantages,

13 EP-A-0 383 286

µm a lashing strap known with a special fitting. This special fitting has

is a rotatable and thus position-adjustable belt holder. Furthermore

This special fitting is suitable for hanging in a profile rail,

17 which is attached to the edge of the loading area of the transport vehicle. In

This profile rail can be used for the special fitting and thus the lashing strap

which can be moved lengthwise.

21 The disadvantage of this well-known lashing strap is its exclusive

22 Usability only with the special fitting mentioned. If a

23 Transport operator to use these advantages, he is

24 forced to replace the lashing strap range available in his company

25 and a complete range of lashing straps with it

26 attached special fittings. Are mixed

27 transport vehicles with the well-known lashing points and transport vehicles

28 with the longitudinally adjustable special fittings, the

29 The lashing lines required for load lashing are not compatible with each other. The substitution of the fixed lashing points by the edge-side

31 profile rail on the loading area therefore makes the continued use of

32 lashing straps with commercially available universal fittings are impossible.

34 Based on these disadvantages, the invention is based on the object

35 to design a lashing device so that lashing ropes with universal

36 end fittings can be moved on the loading area of the transport vehicle

37 can be adapted. This object is achieved by the feature combination of claim 1.

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Patent Attorneys Tergau & Pohl, Nuremberg Page 3

2 The lashing device according to the invention uses a

3 two-part end fitting as a link between the lashing line and the

4 Loading area of the transport vehicle. The lashing line is used to

5 Hook element firmly connected. This hook element can be one of the above

6 described universal hooks or universal end fittings. The second

7 Part of the end fitting of the lashing device according to the invention is a &bgr; adapter part, which is inserted into the sling in the area of the loading area

&bgr; and which has a mounting eyelet for attaching the

io lashing strand fixed hook element.

12 The advantage of this invention is that lashing strands, in particular lashing straps with

13 commercially available end fittings can be attached to lifting devices that are not

14 designed in the traditional way as a lashing point with a ring or bracket

15. The two-part end fitting is particularly suitable for adapting the lashing straps with universal end fittings to loading areas with

&igr;? Profile rails as attachment means for longitudinal displacement of the

is the attachment point of the lashing strap end fitting.

20 Claim 2 contains the inventive development of the invention in claim 1

21 mentioned, as a link between hook element and lifting gear

22 effective adapter part. This adapter part has several in shape and

23 arrangement of different mounting eyelets and thus enables several

24 and completely different types of universal end fittings over

25 the lifting gear in the area of the loading area of the transport vehicle

26. This allows a high degree of flexibility in the selection of the

27 lashing strands. In addition, a high degree of compatibility between

28 the lifting gear in the area of the loading area on the one hand and various,

29 end fitting types firmly connected to lashing strands on the other hand.

30 In addition, the lashing straps can also be used to accompany the goods

31. Particularly during transport in aircraft, the

32 longitudinal and transverse forces occurring in land vehicles are still perpendicular to the

33 loading area. These additional centrifugal and inertial forces

34 occurring forces are known to be reduced by the use of a

35 larger number of lashing strands, as can be seen from DE-AS 12 90 878

37. Here it is particularly advantageous to use the already installed on the land vehicle

se used lashing lines, especially lashing straps, on the aircraft

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&igr; to be able to use it as additional lashing equipment

2. In addition, it is not necessary to attach a transport vehicle to its

3 lashing straps adapted to the respective lashing points, i.e. lashing point specific

4 to be assigned.

e Claims 3, 4 and 5 deal with the particularly preferred

7 Design of the lifting device as a profile rail. In this profile rail

&bgr; the adapter part is light and easy to use, similar to a lashing hook

9. In the following text, "lashing hook" and "adapter part" are therefore

to used synonymously. It is particularly advantageous according to claim 4 to

11 Profile rail on one or more long sides of the loading area

12. The edge sides of the loading areas form a good fixing surface for the

13 Profile rail, which is fixed with a large number of screws, for example

&eegr; the loading area can be screwed on. The connection with the loading area

can also be done by spot welding or by a weld that extends over the entire

The weld seam extending the length of the profile rail can be realized. Due to

&igr;? the large mounting surface for the profile rail ensures its safe and

18 permanent connection and mounting on the loading area. The

19 Introduction of a U-shaped receiving groove according to claim 5 into the

20 profile rail is simple and inexpensive to manufacture.

22 The design of the adapter part as a lashing hook according to claims 6 and 7

23 supplements in particular the stop part designed as a profile rail according to the

24 claims 3 to 5. Due to the plate-shaped shaft and the as a result of a large length hook area, the

26 Hook area and the profile rail large guide surfaces with each other.

27 On the one hand, the lashing force acting fully on the hook area is distributed over a comparatively large area. In addition, the hook area and the profile rail act as a surface guide, which facilitates the easy

Longitudinal movement of the two-part end fitting in the profile rail

si additionally favored.

33 The plate-shaped design of the lashing hook shaft ensures the

34 necessary space for attaching several eyelets of different shapes and

35 Arrangement according to claim 2. According to claim 8, it is manufactured

It is advisable to simply create these eyelets as openings in the shaft.

37 its simple geometry and the easy to realize breakthrough

These eyelets make the lashing hook inexpensive and easy to manufacture.

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2 Claims 9 to 15 relate to preferred embodiments of the eyelets

3 effective openings in the shaft of the lashing hook. The T-shaped opening

4 according to claim 9 enables the attachment of a commercially available &bgr; snap hook. The advantages of a snap hook are evident from the

&bgr; the aforementioned publications listed for the hooks.

7 Due to the addition of a U-shaped opening to the T-shaped opening

β bead in the contact area of the T-cross yoke with the T-longitudinal leg is the

9 Possibility of diagonal lashing is possible in principle. The snap hook

10 is thus bent around its longitudinal axis in the direction of the lashing line.

&ugr; Longitudinal axis pivotally arranged in the lashing hook. This in claim 11

12 mentioned diagonal lashing is particularly suitable for attaching a

13 diagonal lashing strap at the end of the transported goods on the loading area. µgr; This prevents the transported goods from slipping off the

The loading area is effectively prevented.

17 The bead according to claim 10 also enables the attachment of a

The commercially available pointed hook. The pointed hook can also be rotated in the groove

ie and is therefore suitable for diagonal lashing. Claim 13 relates to a

20 further concrete design of the breakthroughs, which are suitable for the installation

21 of a claw hook. The advantages of a claw hook are evident from the

22 aforementioned publications on hooks are known.

24 Claim 14 relates to an embodiment of the lashing hook, which

25 above-mentioned preferred designs of the breakthroughs with each other

ze combined. Claim 15 relates to a further inventive combination of the

27 Adapter part according to claim 9 with a lashing strap. The lashing strap is attached to this as

28 lashing hooks. The adapter part is

29 can also be used as a one-piece end fitting. In this way, the μgr; adapter part can be used by the manufacturer as a link between a

31 universal end fitting and a lifting device as well as an end fitting for

32 connection directly to a lifting device. The

33 Lashing rope manufacturers do not need to have a separate

34 end fitting model. In this way, the inventive

35 adapter part can be manufactured in larger quantities, which reduces the manufacturing costs and increases the competitiveness of the adapter part on the market.

37 In addition, used adapter parts can be returned by the transport company to the

sä lashing rope manufacturers if the entire transport fleet

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&igr; from the lashing points according to the state of the art to the lifting gear with

2 longitudinally adjustable end fittings of the lashing line. The

3 Lashing rope manufacturer can then sell these used adapter parts to

4 End fittings of lashing straps, which makes disposal of the

5 adapter part is no longer required. This allows complete recycling of the inventive adapter part.

a The inventive lashing device also takes into account the fact that

9 a transport company cannot suddenly completely

10, but he is continuously replacing his vehicles. The

&ugr; Transport company can therefore use its existing lashing straps with

12 universal end fittings until the vehicles with the

13 conventional lashing points have been replaced and the quantity of

14 of lashing straps with universal end fittings has been used up.

ie Based on the embodiments shown in the drawings, the

&igr;? Invention with further essential features and advantages

is described. Shown are:

20 Fig. 1 shows a snap hook as a hook element, which in

21 a lashing hook is latched,

22 Fig. 2 shows a claw hook as a hook element, which in

23 a lashing hook is latched

24 Fig. 3 shows a claw hook as a hook element, which in

25 a lashing hook is latched,

26 Fig. 4 shows a lashing strap attached directly as an end fitting to the

27 lashing hooks.

2&THgr; The lashing line 1 shown in the drawings is a textile lashing strap.

µ Lashing strand 1 is secured by means of a sewn loop through the

31 Fastening slot 2 of the snap hook 3 is pulled and firmly secured to the

32 snap hooks 3. The snap hook 3 itself consists of

33 the snap hook shaft 4 and the snap hook mouth 5. To secure

34 of the snap hook 3 runs from the snap hook shaft 4 to the

35 Snap hook mouth 5 the snap hook protection flap 6. The

The snap hook protection flap 6 can be pivoted around the snap hook joint 7 on the

37 Caraginer hook shaft 4 stored.

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&igr; The snap hook 3 is with its snap hook mouth 5 in the adapter part 8

2 is detachably fixed. The adapter part 8 consists of a plate-shaped shaft 9 and

3 the hook area 10 protruding at right angles from the shaft 9. The

4 Hook area 10 of the adapter part 8 has the same effect as the

5 Snap hook mouth 5; it serves for the detachable fixation of the adapter part 8 designed as a lashing hook &bgr; to the effective as a lifting device

7 Profile rail 11.

9 The plate plane of the lashing hook shaft 9 is in the final assembly state of the

10 Lashing device from the longitudinal direction 12 and the to the longitudinal direction 12

11 vertical clamping device 13. The adapter part 8 has in its

12 Shaft 9 the longitudinally adjacent 12 oval, the shaft 9

13 in the longitudinal direction 12 and the direction 13 perpendicular to the transverse direction 15. Between the

The T-shaped opening 16 is arranged in the bearing eyes 14. The

the opening 16, which also breaks through the shaft 9 in the transverse direction 15,

&eegr; consists of the in the final assembly position in the longitudinal direction 12

The extending T-cross yoke 17 corresponds to the one in Fig. 1 in direction 13,

The T-cross yoke 17 is at right angles and the vertical T-longitudinal leg 18. The area

20 of the opening 16, in which the T-cross yoke 17 and the T-

21 Longitudinal legs 18 touch or merge into each other, additionally

22 has the U-shaped bead 19 in cross section. The bead 19 is particularly

23 Fig. 2 clearly visible.

25 In Fig. 1, the snap hook 3 with its hook mouth 5 is inserted into the

26 Opening 16 is hung so that the snap hook body in the longitudinal direction 13

27 extends clearly into the T-leg 18. The lashing line runs exactly in

28 Adjustment 13. To swivel the snap hook 3 on the adapter part 8

29 for the realization of a diagonal lashing, where the actual

so bevel alignment at a bevel angle to alignment 13 and to

31 would run in the longitudinal direction 12, the bead 19 must be in the direction 13 in

32 towards the profile rail 11 so that the

33 T-leg 18 the body of the snap hook 3 no longer

34. The edge of the bead 19 should be approximately along the auxiliary line 20

35 in Fig. 1.

37 The profile rail 11 is provided with the

se loading area of the transport vehicle. All edge sides can

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&igr; the loading area such a profile rail 11 can be provided. The

2 Profile rail 11 has the U-shaped cross-section receiving groove 21 for the

3 Hook area 10 of the adapter part 8. The adapter part 8 is with its

4 Hook area 10 is locked into the receiving groove 21 of the profile rail 11. The

5 U-shaped cross-section of the receiving groove 21 is positioned on the side in such a way that its &bgr; opening between the two U-legs points in the transverse direction 15. The

7 Plate element 8 is in the receiving groove 21 of the profile rail 11 in

βgr; longitudinal direction 12. The side surface of the hook area 10 and the

9 The inner surface of the receiving groove 21 forms a surface guide and

10 are arranged so that they slide well on each other. To remove the

ti longitudinal displacement, the lashing line 1 is secured by means of a

12 not shown clamping element, for example a tensioning ratchet,

13. The force vector of the pre-tensioning force runs in

&eegr; Direction 13, i.e. perpendicular to the longitudinal direction 12. The in direction 13

The effective preload simultaneously inhibits the longitudinal displacement of the

The adapter part 8 and thus the lashing line 1 with its snap hook 3

&eegr; designed end fitting in the longitudinal direction 12 along the loading area of the

is transport vehicle.

20 In Fig. 2, the hook element is opposite the snap hook 3 from Fig. 1

21 is replaced by the claw hook 22. The claw hook 22 is made of a

22 bow-like claw hook shaft 23 and the two hook claws 24.

23 The hook claws 24 pass through the bearing eyes 14 in the transverse direction 15. The

24 Opening 16 is therefore not functional for fixing the claw hook 22.

25 The claw hook 22 has no gap compared to the snap hook 3.

26 fastening slot 2, because the claw hook 22 with its bow-shaped

27 Claw hook shaft 23 through the loop of the lashing line 1 simply

28 is pulled through. A diagonal lashing is possible with the combination

29 plate part 8 and claw hook 22 according to Fig. 2 is not possible. Otherwise, the function of the lashing device shown in Fig. 2 is the same as

31 that of the lashing device shown in Fig. 1.

33 The pointed hook 25 shown in Fig. 3 consists of a

34 also bow-shaped pointed hook shaft 26 and the hook tip 27. The

35 The hook tip 27 is connected by two parallel,

the welding or soldering material to form a flat oval body with hook claws

37 is formed. The hook tip 27 penetrates the opening 16 in the transverse direction

se in the area of the bead 19. The T-cross yoke of the opening 16 is here as

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&igr; guide surface for the hook tip 27. The bead 19 ensures

2 in turn the pivotability of the claw hook 25 around its

3 lashing device 13 running central longitudinal axis. The lashing hook 25 is also

4 the diagonal lashing described above can be realized.

6 In Fig. 4, the snap hook shown in Fig. 1 and the claw hook shown in Fig. 2 are omitted.

7 and in Fig. 3 realized as a pointed hook. The adapter part 8 forms &bgr; here directly the end fitting of the lashing strand 1. The lashing strand 1 is with its

9 End 28 pulled through the T-cross yoke 17 of the opening 16. The T-

10 Cross yoke 17 forms the fastening slot for the lashing line 1 analogously

11 the fastening slot 2 on the snap hook 3. The bead 19, the T-

12 Longitudinal legs 18 and the bearing eyes 14 are in this embodiment

13 without function. The lashing line end 28 pulled through the T-cross yoke 17 is sewn to the lashing line 1 using the fastening seam 30 indicated in Fig. 4 to form the lashing line end loop 29. The lashing line end loop 29

It penetrates the opening 16 in the transverse direction 15.

ie The end fitting in the embodiment according to Fig. 4

19 Adapter part 8 is in turn with its hook area 10 in the receiving groove 21

μ of the profile rail 11. As long as there is no effective

21 lashing tension occurs, the lashing strap 1 is fitted with the end fitting

22 Adapter part 8 in longitudinal direction 12, i.e. along the loading area

23 is arranged so that it can be moved longitudinally. To eliminate the longitudinal movement,

24, the lashing force effective in lashing 13 is applied. The above

The diagonal lashing described in Fig. 25 is not compatible with the embodiment according to Fig. 4.

26 possible.

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List of reference symbols Lashing line 1 Mounting slot 2 Snap hook 3 Snap hook shaft 4 Snap hook mouth 5 Carabiner protection flap 6 Carabiner joint 7 Adapter part 8th shaft 9 Hook area 10 Profile rail 11 Longitudinal direction 12 Finishing 13 Bearing eye 14 Transverse direction 15 breakthrough 16 T-cross yoke 17 T-leg 18 Bead 19 Guide line 20 Receiving groove 21 Claw hook 22 Claw hook shaft 23 Hook claws 24 Claw hook 25 Claw shank 26 Hook tip 27 Lashing rope end 28 Lashing rope end loop 29 Fastening seam 30

October 18, 1891 (&ugr;&Lgr;&Agr;&Ngr;\91613.&Tgr;&KHgr;&eegr;

Claims (1)

Patent Attorneys Tergau & Pohl, Nuremberg Page &igr; 91613-5/13 3 18 October 1991 &bgr; Claims &bgr; 1. Lashing device formed from one or more lashing strands (1) for 10 Securing of transport goods on loading areas of transport vehicles with 11 a) an end fitting fixed to the lashing line (1) and 12 b) a lifting device (11) in the area of the loading area for detachable 13 Fastening the end fitting, µm characterized by is that the end fitting is divided into ie c) a hook element (3,22,25) fixed to the lashing line (1) and &igr;? d) an adapter part (8) with an eyelet (14,16) for detachable fastening of the is hook element (3,22,25) as a link between hook element (3,22,25) ie and lifting gear (11). 21 2. Device in particular according to claim 1, 22 characterized by 23 an adapter part (8) with several eyelets (14,16) of different shapes and 24 Arrangement such that a variety of different 25 universal end fittings (3,22,25) can be fixed. 27 3. Device according to claim 1 or claim 2, 28 characterized by 2&bgr; that the attachment means is a profile rail (11) into which the so that the adapter part (8) can be latched in like a lashing hook. 32 4. Device according to claim 3, 33 characterized by 34 that the profile rail (11) on one long side of the loading area is 35 is fixed in such a way that the latched adapter part (8) is fixed so as to be longitudinally displaceable along the loading surface. October 18, 1991 (&ugr;&Lgr;&Agr;&Ngr;\91613.&Tgr;&KHgr;&eegr; Patent Attorneys Tergau & Pohl, Nuremberg Page &igr; 5. Device according to claim 3 or 4, 2 characterized by 3 that the profile rail (11) has a U-shaped receiving groove (21) for the 4 adapter part (8). e 6. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, 7 characterized in that β that the adapter part (8) is a lashing hook with a substantially L-shaped cross section β with a plate-shaped shaft (9) and a hook area (10) protruding approximately io at right angles from the shaft (9). 12 7. Device according to claim 6, 13 characterized by &eegr; a conical cross-section of the hook area (10) for self-centering is of the lashing hook in the profile rail (11). 17 8. Device according to claim 6 or claim 7, is characterized by 19 several eyelets for the hook element (3,22,25) on the lashing strap side 20 openings (14,16) in the shaft. 22 9. Device according to claim 8, 23 characterized by 24 a substantially T-shaped opening (16) in the shaft (9) of the 25 lashing hooks to accommodate a snap hook (3) as a hook element. 27 10. Device according to claim 9, 28 characterized by 29 a U-shaped bead (19) in the contact area of the T-cross yoke (17) with the T-longitudinal legs (18) of the T-shaped opening (16). 32 11. Device according to claim 10, 33 characterized by 34 by a pivotable about its longitudinal axis in the bead (19) 35 snap hooks (3) for diagonal lashing. 18 October 1991 (U:\AN\91613.TXT) Patent Attorneys Tergau & Pohl, Nuremberg Page 3 &igr; 12. Device according to claim 10, 2 characterized by 3 a pointed hook (25) which can be fixed in the area of the bead (19) as 4 hook element. e 13. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, 7 characterized by &bgr; a lashing hook with two oval bearing eyes (14) β openings for attaching a claw hook (22). ti 14. Device according to claim 10 and claim 13, 12 characterized by 13 that the oval bearing eyes (14) flank the T-shaped opening (16) parallel &eegr; to the T-longitudinal leg (18). 15. Device in particular according to claim 1, with a lashing hook as &igr;? Adapter part (8) according to claim 9, ie characterized by ie - that the lashing line (1) with its end loop (29) the T-shaped 20 Breakthrough (16) in the shaft (9) of the lashing hook in the area of 21 T-cross yoke (17) and 22 - that the adapter part (8) is directly connected to the hook element (3,22,25) 23 is effective as an end fitting. 18 October 1991 (U:\AN\91613.TXT)