DE884386C - Process for the production of oxide coatings on metal parts of discharge vessels - Google Patents

Process for the production of oxide coatings on metal parts of discharge vessels

Info

Publication number
DE884386C
DE884386C DEL3880D DEL0003880D DE884386C DE 884386 C DE884386 C DE 884386C DE L3880 D DEL3880 D DE L3880D DE L0003880 D DEL0003880 D DE L0003880D DE 884386 C DE884386 C DE 884386C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
metal parts
production
discharge vessels
oxide coatings
oxide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEL3880D
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Walter Dr Nielsch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcatel Lucent Deutschland AG
Original Assignee
Standard Elektrik Lorenz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Standard Elektrik Lorenz AG filed Critical Standard Elektrik Lorenz AG
Priority to DEL3880D priority Critical patent/DE884386C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE884386C publication Critical patent/DE884386C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J19/00Details of vacuum tubes of the types covered by group H01J21/00
    • H01J19/42Mounting, supporting, spacing, or insulating of electrodes or of electrode assemblies
    • H01J19/44Insulation between electrodes or supports within the vacuum space
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J9/00Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J9/02Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems
    • H01J9/04Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems of thermionic cathodes
    • H01J9/042Manufacture, activation of the emissive part

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Oxydüberzügen auf Metallteilen von Entladungsgefäßen Es ist bekannt, Metallteile in Elektronenröhren mit Oxyden zu Überziehen. Für Isolationszwecke werden Magnesium-, Aluminium- oder Berylliumoxyd, und für Emissionszweckei Calcium-, Stron, tium-, Barium- oder Thoriumoxyd verwendet. Das Aufbringen dieser Schichten auf die MetaIlteile geschieht durch Spritzen oder Tauchen.Process for the production of oxide coatings on metal parts of discharge vessels It is known to coat metal parts in electron tubes with oxides. For isolation purposes are magnesium, aluminum or beryllium oxide, and for emission purposes calcium, Stron, tium, barium or thorium oxide used. The application of these layers on the metal parts is done by spraying or dipping.

Um besonders hohe Isolationswerte zwiischen den spannungsführenden Tei-len in Entladungsgefäßen zu erzielen, müssen die Oxyde in außerordentlich großer Reinheit vorliegen. Es hat sich aber gezeigt, daß z. B. reinstes, aufgespritztes- Aluminiumoxyd (Sinterkorund) erst nahe bei 2ooo' C hinreichend fest sintert. Die Erzielung dieser Temperatur ist technisch ohne welitereis möglich, aber durch &n Aufwand an, Mitteln höchst un,-erwünscht. Versuche haben gezeigt, daß die Tenipera,tu,r, bei der eine genügende Sinterung er-reicht wird, von der Packung -des Oxydinaterials abhängt. So, kann beispielsweise durch starkels Pressen der Oxyde einei dichtere Packung herbeigeführt und die Sintertemperatur herabgesetzt werden. Leid-er läßt sich dieses Verfahren für diel in Frage stehenden Meitallteile von Entladungsgefäßen nicht anwenden.To particularly high insulation values zwiischen the live Tei-len to achieve in discharge vessels, the oxides must be in extremely high purity. But it has been shown that z. Sinters purest example, aufgespritztes- alumina (sintered) only close sufficiently solid at 2ooo 'C. Achieving this temperature is technically possible without welfare, but highly undesirable due to the expenditure of means. Tests have shown that the Tenipera, tu, r, in which sufficient sintering is achieved, depends on the packing of the Oxydinmaterials. For example, by strongly pressing the oxides, a closer packing can be brought about and the sintering temperature can be reduced. Unfortunately, this method cannot be used for the metal parts of discharge vessels in question.

Erfindungsg mäß wird vorgeschlagen, die Be# el gie deckung, der vorgenanntein Metallteile mit Oxydein auf ei,ektrophoratischeim Wege vorzunehmen, indem die Oxyde in Alkohol oder Wasser suspendiert und durch Zufügen eines Elekrolyts elektrisch aufgelad#en werden, wobei d',er nicht adsorbiertei Teil des Elektrolyts wieder entfernt wird. Bei der Suspendierung von Aluminiumoxyd in Alkohol zeigt sich, wenn man in bekannter Weise eine Spannung anlegt, daßr keinte, Abscheidung stattfindet; daher müssen die Teilchen erst durch Zufügen eines Elektrolyts -elektrisch aufgeladen werden. Das Oxyd hat an sich eine ganz geringe Ladung, es ist jedoch zu-r Abscheidurig eine sehr hohe Spannung, ungefähr 300-Volt, nörtig-. Durch Verwendung eines Eleiktrolyts, kann das, Bad, mit gerlinger Spannung (5 Volt) beitrieben weird'eni. Da dlie- Büdter, die durch Zufügen eines Elektro-lyts erhalten; wer'den, sehr schwer gleichmäßig herzustelleja sind und bei der Eleiktrophorese sd-,unidäre-lektro, lyti:sch,a Zersietzungsvorgänge stattfinden, dlie, das Bad nach kurzer Zeit verdbeTben, wird dbr nicht a,dso,rb.i.e,rte Teil das E-lektriolyts# wieder entfernt. A..ußerd#i-in mu3 die Entwicklung von Wasserstoff vermieden werdien, da diejseir sonst in die zu bedeckenden Meitallteilei eindringt, diese, sprödle und da.mit unb,rane-hb,ar macht. Diei Entfernung &s unerwünschten Teils. des Elektrolyts kann durch Ultrafiltration, Dialyse, oder Zentrifugieren- geschehen.According to the invention, it is proposed to cover the aforementioned metal parts with oxydein in an electrophoretic manner by suspending the oxides in alcohol or water and charging them electrically by adding an electrolyte, whereby it is not adsorbed Part of the electrolyte is removed again. When aluminum oxide is suspended in alcohol, if a voltage is applied in a known manner, there is no deposition; therefore the particles first have to be electrically charged by adding an electrolyte. The oxide itself has a very low charge, but a very high voltage, about 300 volts, is necessary to deposit it. By using an electrolyte, the bath can be operated with a low voltage (5 volts). Da dlie-Büdter obtained by adding an electrolyte; will be very difficult to produce evenly and with electrophoresis sd-, unidare-lektro, lyti: sch, a decomposition processes take place, dlie, spoil the bath after a short time, it will not a, dso, rb.ie, rte part the electriolyte # removed again. In addition, the development of hydrogen must be avoided, since it would otherwise penetrate the metal parts to be covered, making them brittle and therewith unb, rane-hb, ar. The removal & s unwanted part. the electrolyte can be done by ultrafiltration, dialysis, or centrifugation.

Na,ch dem erfindungsgemäßen, Verfahren, laissen si& Überzüge b,eiliebiger Stärke his, zu mehreren Millimetern herstellen. Es hat sich nun gezeigt, daß. reinstes Aluminiumoxyd (Sintieirkorund.), welches nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren behandelt und eleiktrophoretitsch abgeschieden. wurde, auf d!!em bedeckten Körper schon bei i6,oo' C fest sintert. Dabei hatte die Oxydschicht ungefähr folgende Zusammensetzung dIer Koengrößen: etwa, io()/o o bis o,5y, 6o'/e 0,5 bis 5,u und 3o'/o 5 his, 15,u. Bei weliterer Herabsetzung der Korngröße, vorzugsweise unter iu wurde bei elektro, pho,retischer, Bedeckung mit Aluminiumoxyd durch Siniterung schon bei 1300' C ein genügend fester Überzug erzielt. Nach dern erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren lassen sich nicht nur, Überzüge aus einem Oxyd, sondern auch aus# Oxydkemischen herstellen. Der Überzug kann bei,sp#iels)vreiis,e die Mischung zWeiier Oxyde, z. B. Magnesium- und Aluminiumoxyd oder Kieselsäure mit Magnesium6xyd, enthalten. Es kann auch eine Mischung von Oxyden mit natürlich vorkommenden oder künstlichen Silicaten, wie Speckstein, Glimmer oder Glas, aufgetragen werden. Derartige elektrophoretische Bäder lassen sich ebenfalls nach der erfindungsgemäßen Methode herstellen, indem man die Gemische oder aber nur einen Partner der angegebenen Behandlung unterwirft.According to the method according to the invention, you can produce coatings b of any thickness up to several millimeters. It has now been shown that. purest aluminum oxide (sintered corundum.), which is treated according to the method according to the invention and deposited electrophoretically. was firmly sintered on the covered body at 16, oo ' C. The oxide layer had approximately the following composition of the grain sizes: about, io () / oo to o, 5y, 6o '/ e 0.5 to 5, u and 3o' / o 5 to , 15, u. If the grain size was further reduced, preferably below iu, a sufficiently strong coating was achieved with electro, pho, retic, cover with aluminum oxide by siniteration at 1300 ° C. According to the method according to the invention, not only coatings can be produced from an oxide, but also from oxide chemistries. The coating can be mixed with two oxides, e.g. B. Magnesium and aluminum oxide or silica with magnesium oxide contain. A mixture of oxides with naturally occurring or man-made silicates such as soapstone, mica or glass can also be applied. Such electrophoretic baths can also be produced by the method according to the invention by subjecting the mixtures or only one partner to the treatment indicated.

Soll eiin Überzug aus einem. Gemisch von Aluminiumoxyd und. Speckstein besteheint, so Wird das Werzu erforderliche elektrophoretifsche Bad folgen[deirma,ßen hergestellt: Zu einem gemäß deT Erfindung-,' herigestellten Bad aus Aluminiumoxyd wird, unvorbehandeilter feingepulverter Speckstein (Talkum) zugegeben und diese Mischung gut geschüttelt: oder kurzzeitig, etwa i Stunde-, in- der Kugelmühle vermahlen. . Should be a cover of one. Mixture of aluminum oxide and. If there is soapstone, then the necessary electrophoretic bath will follow: To a bath made from aluminum oxide according to the invention, untreated, finely powdered soapstone (talc) is added and this mixture is shaken well: or briefly, about an hour -, ground in the ball mill. .

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRÜCHr: i. Verfahrten zur Herstellung von Oxydüberzügen anf MetaIlteilen vont Enfladungsgefäßen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Oxyde in Alkoholl oder Wasser suspendieirt und durch Zufügen'eines Elektrolyts elektrisch aufgeladen werden, wobei der nicht adsoebierte Teil dies Elektrolyts wieder entfernt wird und der Überzug anf elektrophoretischem Wege hergiesteillt wird. :2. Verfahren, nach Anspruch i, dadü#rch gekennzeichnet, daß die verwendeten, Korngrößen vorzugsweise kleiner als, 5 /t sind.PATENT CLAIM: i. Process for the production of oxide coatings on metal parts of discharge vessels, characterized in that the oxides are suspended in alcohol or water and electrically charged by adding an electrolyte, the non-adsorbed part of this electrolyte being removed again and the coating being produced electrophoretically. : 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the grain sizes used are preferably smaller than 5 / t.
DEL3880D 1941-08-14 1941-08-14 Process for the production of oxide coatings on metal parts of discharge vessels Expired DE884386C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEL3880D DE884386C (en) 1941-08-14 1941-08-14 Process for the production of oxide coatings on metal parts of discharge vessels

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEL3880D DE884386C (en) 1941-08-14 1941-08-14 Process for the production of oxide coatings on metal parts of discharge vessels

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE884386C true DE884386C (en) 1953-07-27

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DEL3880D Expired DE884386C (en) 1941-08-14 1941-08-14 Process for the production of oxide coatings on metal parts of discharge vessels

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE884386C (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1020739B (en) * 1954-05-15 1957-12-12 Iapatelholdia Patentverwertung Controllable discharge vessel filled with alkali metal vapors
DE1639398B1 (en) * 1968-02-02 1971-10-14 Siemens Ag METHOD FOR PRODUCING A STARTING SUBSTANCE FOR A SUSPENSION WITH THE DISC-SHAPED BRACKETING PARTS OF ELECTRIC DISCHARGE VESSELS WITH MAGNESIUM OXIDE CONTAINING SURFACES ARE COVERED

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1020739B (en) * 1954-05-15 1957-12-12 Iapatelholdia Patentverwertung Controllable discharge vessel filled with alkali metal vapors
DE1639398B1 (en) * 1968-02-02 1971-10-14 Siemens Ag METHOD FOR PRODUCING A STARTING SUBSTANCE FOR A SUSPENSION WITH THE DISC-SHAPED BRACKETING PARTS OF ELECTRIC DISCHARGE VESSELS WITH MAGNESIUM OXIDE CONTAINING SURFACES ARE COVERED

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