DE8702130U1 - Composite element - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a composite structural element.

The composite construction is a type of construction with a layered structure made of similar or different, simple or composite materials that are intimately connected to one another, so that certain properties of each material can be exploited for the special structural advantages of the composite. Coating resins for concrete are also known, which are particularly suitable as corrosion protection for container linings in the beverage and food industry, in the chemical industry, in foundries, in the petroleum industry and for water treatment. Such coating resins are resistant to alcohols, sugar, oils, fats, petrol, synthetic detergents, soap, washing solutions, fruit acids and many other chemicals. Preferably, such coating resins are applied in several layers without joints and without pores, so that a solid coating is obtained on a concrete molded part. In addition to synthetic resin coatings, it is also known to cover concrete wall panels and containers with plastic panels or foils to protect them against corrosion. Such plastic panels or foils are attached using suitable adhesives. However, this requires that the wall surface to be coated or clad does not have any unevenness, i.e. it must have a completely smooth surface in order to achieve a firm, all-over bond between the lining material and the concrete wall surface.

The invention is based on the object of providing a composite component consisting of a* concrete molded part I and a

plastic film or sheet in which

$ preparatory measures or preparation of the

v' concrete wall surface to be coated or lined

'■' before applying the plastic film or sheet

'; and where the lining material is

:-j applied directly to the concrete wall surface and firmly

&psgr; anchored to the concrete wall surface, whereby surface

&Ggr; Unevenness of the surface to be lined or coated

concrete wall surface can be disregarded, without affecting the strength of the plastic film or

Ü -plate on the concrete wall surface is impaired. This task is solved by the protection claim 1

% . identified features resolved.

The anchoring of a wall lining or wall coating film, panel or similar with a surface profile on the wall surface of a concrete molding using a hardened cement paste provides the advantage that the wall lining or wall coating film, panel or similar is firmly anchored to the wall surface of the concrete molding, while at the same time the further advantage is achieved by using a hardened cement paste, which is that the concrete is protected against corrosion, so that it is possible to coat existing concrete moldings with a plastic film or plastic panel. This makes it possible to repair concrete in which cracks or corrosion damage have formed. In addition, this composite construction element can be manufactured in the simplest way, namely insofar as the coating material in the form of the plastic film or plastic panel is attached to the wall surface of the concrete molding to be lined.

is applied so that the plastic film or |

Plastic sheet formed surface profiling |

facing the wall surface of the concrete part to be coated or lined. The surface pro- &iacgr;

Filing ensures a distance between the wall "

surface of the concrete molding and the plastic film or plastic plate, so that the cement paste can then be introduced into this space, which has a cream-like consistency due to the composition specified in claim 2 and

thus has a high flowability. The between :

the wall surface of the concrete molding and the plastic film &idigr; or plastic plate is distributed with cement paste §

in the entire space and thus represents -

the anchoring between the plastic film or plastic plate and the wall surface of the concrete molding. Since the adhesive capacity of the cement paste to the concrete is very high, a bond is achieved between the concrete and the plastic film or plastic plate, which cannot lead to the lining or coating material coming loose even if the coating or lining material is subjected to strong tension. For this reason, it is possible to line or coat existing concrete moldings in this way using a cement paste with a plastic film or plastic plate. No preparatory measures are required for the surface of the concrete molding to be coated or lined, other than cleaning to remove dust and loose components; completely smooth surfaces of the wall surface of the concrete molding to be coated or lined are no longer required, since the anchoring agent used in the form of a cement paste adapts to all unevenness.

• · * * r iii

ft··

the wall surface of the concrete molding to be coated or lined« The composite construction element can be designed in the form of a plate; however, it is also possible to line or coat container-like concrete moldings in the same way in order to obtain a composite construction element.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims.

An embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing, which shows a composite component in a diagrammatic view, partly in a vertical section.

The composite construction element designated 10 consists of a concrete molded part 20 which is designed in the form of a plate or a hollow body; however, the concrete molded part 20 can also have a different geometric shape. It is therefore possible to create composite construction elements in which the concrete molded part is designed as a spherical container.

This composite construction element 10, which consists of the concrete molding 20, further comprises a wall lining structure, wall coating film, panel or the like made of a plastic, wherein the fastening or anchoring of the wall lining or wall coating film, panel or the like 30 is carried out by means of an anchoring element 40 made of a hardened cement paste. The wall lining or wall coating film, panel preferably consists of

or similar. 30 made of high density polyethylene (PE-HD). However, other types of plastic can also be used here as coating or lining material.

The concrete molding 20 is provided with this wall lining or wall coating film, plate or the like 30 on at least one of its wall surfaces. In the example shown in the drawing, the wall lining or wall coating film or plate 30 is attached to the wall surface 21 of the concrete molding 20 by means of the anchoring element 40. This wall lining or wall coating film or plate 30 has a surface profiling 35 on the wall surface 31 facing the wall surface 21 of the concrete molding 20 that is to be coated or lined. In the embodiment shown in the drawing, this surface profiling 35 consists of webs 36 arranged in rows on top of and next to one another and molded onto the plastic film or plastic plate 30, which are mushroom-shaped at the end, as indicated at 37. Due to this design of the webs 36 with their mushroom-shaped end sections 37, undercut sections and areas are created which contribute significantly to anchoring the anchoring element 40 to the plastic film or plastic plate 30. In the embodiment shown in the drawing, the surface profiling 35 of the plastic film or plastic plate 30 is dimensioned and designed in such a way that the mushroom-shaped end sections 37 of the webs 36 of the surface

10

yes profiling 35 still under formation of a gap

or gap 38 from the wall surface 21 of the

^r Concrete molding 20 are arranged or to be located

&tgr; However, it is also possible to

' ^J Surface profiling 35 shall be dimensioned such that

the webs 36 with their mushroom-shaped end sections 37 rest against the wall surface 21 of the concrete molding 20. Instead of the surface profiling 35 shown in the drawing and described above, the plastic film or plastic plate 30 can also have a different type of surface profiling. It is important, however, that the surface profiling 35 has undercuts, which are indicated at 39, in order to achieve a firm anchoring of the anchoring element 40 to the plastic film or plastic plate 30.

A hardened or hardened cement paste is used as the anchoring element 40, which, for example, has the composition given in the following examples.

Example 1:

The connecting and anchoring element consists of a mixture of

a) water,

b) an additive with liquefying and fluidizing properties consisting of an alkali-condensable resin, e.g. ketone resin, and a synthetic resin dispersion with a high saponification resistance, such as an acrylic resin dispersion or butadiene-styrene dispersion or

· ■

a mixture thereof and

c) Cement, in particular of grade PZ 35, PZ 45, PZ 55, HOZ 35, EPZ 35 or EPZ 45 or similar and if applicable

d) Aggregates

and is produced as follows:

Water as a dispersant in an amount of about 45% is mixed with glycol ether in an amount of less than 1%. This mixture is made highly alkaline with a salt of the alkali metals, such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or the like in an amount of less than about 0.2%. Small amounts of «fl alkali salt are required for this alkaline adjustment.

An alkali-condensable resin, in particular ketone resin, in an amount of 33% and a thickening synthetic resin dispersion with the special property of increasing lubricity are added to the solution thus prepared, whereby the amount of synthetic resin dispersion added should be less than 1%. Unsaponifiable, light, acid-free resins are used as ketone resins, which are produced by alkaline condensation of ketones, e.g. cyclohexanone or methylcyclohexanone, but resins made from ketones, such as acetophenone, naphthalene methyl ketone and formaldehyde can also be used. Glycol monoethyl ether is preferably used as glycol ether.

Furthermore, another saponification-resistant synthetic resin dispersion is added to the resulting mixture in an amount of more than 20%. The synthetic resin dispersion has a high saponification resistance. These are suspensions of, for example, 20% to 70% synthetic resin particles, such as polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride,

Polyvinylidene chloride/polyacrylic acid esters, polystyrene-butadiene compounds etc. of varying sizes/ «eist 0/1 to 2.5^£, in water, also with the addition of organic solvent, insofar as these can be used.

Preferably, an acrylic resin dispersion or a butadiene-styrene dispersion is used as the synthetic resin dispersion; a mixture of an acrylic resin dispersion with a butadiene-styrene dispersion can also be used. The acrylic resin dispersion is a polymer of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid as well as the corresponding nitriles/esters, amides, etc. Polymethylmethacrylate can also be used. The butadiene-styrene dispersion is a butadiene polymer and a copolymer obtained by polymerization from butadiene, possibly with other polymerizable compounds, such as styrene/acrylonitrile, etc.

Whether an acrylic resin dispersion or a butadiene-styrene resin dispersion is used depends on the desired air pore content, whereby when using butadiene-styrene, a defoamer must be added in very small doses. Natural fats and oils, but also artificial fats and oils, such as paraffin, fatty alcohols, silicon oils, etc., can be used as defoamers.

For the production of cement pastes with high flow properties and high water retention capacity and rapid initial hardening, such as for brick chippings concrete, particular attention must be paid to the selection of a suitable cement. It has been shown that cements of the grade PZ 55 with a grinding fineness of at least 4,800 Blaine have proven to be effective. Furthermore, the sieve curve should have as little as possible over 60 U. and the lime standard should preferably be over 96.

High-speed turbo ice makers, preferably with a mixing speed of around 3,000 rpm, are used to produce the cement paste if the cement paste needs to be ready for processing in the shortest possible time.

To produce around 18 l of finished cement paste, a narrow, slim container with a capacity of at least 30 l, e.g. made of steel, is used. First, around 8.1 l of water are poured into this container^. To this container, around 1.1 kg of the additive prepared above is then added, whereby the amount of additive corresponds to around 4.5% of the weight of the cement.

If the additive contains about 80% water, i.e. about 0.6 l, the total water quantity is about 8.7 l. This results in a water-cement factor of 0.35. This water-addition mixture is slightly homogenized, which can also be done without the use of machines.

Then the cement is added to the water-addition mixture continuously using the mixer, e.g. Netabo 1000 S with mixing paddle - and at low speeds in an amount of 25 kg. As soon as the cement has been added, the mixer is brought to full power, around 2,800 to 3,000 rpm.

The creamy consistency, i.e. the creamy character, of the cement paste is generally achieved within half a minute using the previously described process.

· »
&Igr;&Igr;&Igr;&Igr;&Igr;&Igr;)

f> 14

&Ggr; Example 2

To produce about 18 l of cement paste, in a first step, water as a dispersant in an amount of 45% is mixed with glycol ether in a

^[) . Amount of less than 1%, the resulting mixture

| ^: is reacted with the salt of an alkali metal in an amount

L· of about 0.2% highly alkaline.

$ the resulting solution a powdered ketone

resin in an amount of about 33% and a thickening

«f· effective synthetic resin dispersion, preferably acrylic resin

:': dispersion, to increase lubricity and further

' another saponification-resistant synthetic resin dispersion,

&bull;j _< preferably acrylic resin dispersion or butadiene styrene dispersion or a mixture of an acrylic resin dispersion

persion with a butadiene-styrene dispersion, in an amount of over 20%, then in a second stage in the container with at least 30 l capacity of a turbo mixer, about 8.1 l of water are homogenized with about 1.1 kg of the additive produced in the first stage, then 25 kg of cement of grade PZ 55 or another suitable grade, preferably with a grinding fineness of at least 4,800 Blaine, is added to the water-addition mixture at a low mixing speed of about 500 rpm and after the cement has been added, the mixture is mixed at a high mixing speed of about 2,800 to

y 3,000 rpm, whereby the creamy

'-.· Consistency of the cement paste within about

&phgr; 30 seconds.

;;· Example 3

The additive for the cement paste consists of:

! &Ggr;

¹⁵ !

Water about 20Z &iacgr; Glycol ether approximately < 0.3% ■ ALkaLisaLz about < 0.2% | MeLamin resin about 3OZ 1 Ketone resin about 10%

Acrylic resin or
Butadiene styrene dispersion about 40%

The components of the resin content can be varied
become.

The additive is then added to the cement paste so

adapted to ensure optimal processing of the cement paste

is also possible with additives.

retain the cement paste properties, whereby

the additive for the cement paste the above

described components, whereby

Melamine resins are particularly advantageous as a component

have proven.

For the production of cement paste, preferably
Cement of grade PZ 45 is used.

Example 4:

Another variant of an additive is
from the following components:

Water approximately 85% highly effective,
non-ionized
Wetting agent approximately 0.1% multi-value
alcohol approximately 1% Calcium hydrate approximately 1% Glycol ether approximately 1%

Defoamers about 0.12 e.g. ketone resin about 1OX

Glycols, otherwise diols and higher-value alcohols can be used as polyhydric alcohols. In addition to aromatic alcohols, aliphatic alcohols can also be used. The wetting agents used are the wetting agents known per se, such as saponins, alkyl sulfates, alkyl sulfonates or the like. The compounds described above are used as ketone resins, although other plastic dispersions can also be used.

Claims (2)

1. Composite construction element, characterized in that it consists of a plate-shaped, hollow body-like or other geometrically shaped concrete molded part (20) and a wall lining or wall coating film, plate or the like (30) made of a plastic, in particular made of high-density polyethylene (PE-HD), arranged on at least one side surface (21) of the concrete molded part (20) and firmly connected to this wall surface (21) by means of a connecting and anchoring element (40), which is arranged on the wall surface (31) facing the wall surface (21) of the concrete molded part (20) with a surface profiling (35), e.g. in the form of rows lying on top of and next to one another on the wall lining or wall coating film, plate or the like. (30) molded or attached webs (36) with mushroom-shaped end sections (37), wherein the connecting and anchoring element (40) for the concrete molding (20) and the wall lining or wall coating film, panel or the like (30) consists of a hardened cement paste. &igr; . &idr; ² ;' 2. Composite construction element according to claim 1, characterized in that ' that it consists of a plate-shaped, hollow body-like or another geometric shape having a concrete molding (20) and a support on at least one ', _t wall surface (21) dt?s concrete molding (20) arranged p, and by means of a connecting and anchoring element Jf mentes (40) firmly connected to this wall surface (21) r which wall lining or wall coating film, -plate or similar (30) made of a plastic, in particular of high-density polyethylene (PE-HD), &igr;- which on the wall surface (21) of the concrete molding [| (20) facing wall surface (31) with a top '* surface prof i Iation (35) , e.g. in the form of rows wise superimposed and adjacent to one another on the wall lining or coating film, plate or the like (30) formed or attached webs (36) with mushroom-head-like end sections (37), wherein the connecting and anchoring element (40) for the concrete molding (20) with the wall lining or wall coating film, plate or the like (30) consists of a hardened cement paste, which e.g.
a) from a mixture of
al) Water a2) an additive with liquefying and fluidizing properties made of a a resin capable of alkali condensation, e.g. ketone resin, and a synthetic resin dispersion with a high saponification resistance, such as an acrylic resin dispersion or butadiene styrene dispersion or a mixture thereof and a3) cement, in particular of grade PZ 35, PZ 45, PZ 55, HOZ 35, EPZ 35 or EPZ 45 or similar and if necessary * &diams; * &iacgr;&iacgr; ·* * &iacgr;&idiagr; a4) aggregates, or b) from a mixture of b1) water in an amount required by the cement for hydration, b2) an additive comprising a dispersion of an alkali-condensable resin, e.g. ketone resin, and a synthetic resin dispersion with high saponification resistance, preferably acrylic resin dispersion or butadiene-styrene dispersion or a mixture of an acrylic resin dispersion with a butadiene-styrene dispersion and b3) a cement, in particular of grade PZ 35, PZ 45, PZ 55, HOZ 35, EPZ 35 or EPZ 45 or c) from a highly alkaline mixture with about 0.2% of a salt of an alkali metal, of about 45X water with a glycol ether in an amount of less than 1X, which contains powdered ketone resin in an amount of about 33%, a lubricity-enhancing acrylic resin dispersion in an amount of less than 1X and an acrylic resin dispersion or a butadiene-styrene dispersion or a mixture of an acrylic resin dispersion with a butadiene-styrene dispersion in an amount of more than 20X are mixed, and a cement added to the mixture
consists. Composite construction element according to claim 2, characterized in that the additive consists of a) water about 20% Gl/col ether about < 0.3% Alkali salt about < 0.2% Melamine resin about 3OX Ketone resin approximately 10% Acrylic resin or Butadiene styrene di spersion approximately 40% or b) Water approximately 85% highly effective,
&Ggr;&iacgr; 1 C ir &igr;, &Tgr;&Ogr;&Ggr;&idiagr;"&idigr;5*&iacgr;&Rgr;~
tes wetting agent 0.1% multi-value
alcohol approximately 1% Calcium hydrate approximately 1% Glycol ether approximately 1% Defoamers approximately 0.1% Ketone resin approximately 10% consists.