DE870077C - Process for the manufacture of insulators for spark plugs - Google Patents

Process for the manufacture of insulators for spark plugs

Info

Publication number
DE870077C
DE870077C DEB9601D DEB0009601D DE870077C DE 870077 C DE870077 C DE 870077C DE B9601 D DEB9601 D DE B9601D DE B0009601 D DEB0009601 D DE B0009601D DE 870077 C DE870077 C DE 870077C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
insulators
activated
alumina
ceramic
clay
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEB9601D
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Emil Dr Phil Klingler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority to DEB9601D priority Critical patent/DE870077C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE870077C publication Critical patent/DE870077C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
    • C04B35/632—Organic additives
    • C04B35/634—Polymers
    • C04B35/63448—Polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C04B35/6346—Polyesters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
    • C04B35/632—Organic additives
    • C04B35/634—Polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
    • C04B35/632—Organic additives
    • C04B35/634—Polymers
    • C04B35/63496—Bituminous materials, e.g. tar, pitch
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
    • H01T13/38—Selection of materials for insulation

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Spark Plugs (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zum Herstellen von Isolatoren für Zündkerzen Zusatz zum Patent 847 569 Isolatoren aus hochtonerdehaltigen keramischen Massen haben, wenn sie ohne Bindemittel hergestellt wurden, hohe Werte für die Wärmeleitfähigkeit. Die bind@emittelfreien keramischen Massen können jedoch nicht ohne weiteres im Preßverfahren (Pressen von Rohlingen, die spanabhebend in die endgültige Form gebracht werden) hergestellt werden; sie werden zunächst als Schlicker gegossen und sorgfältig vor dem Brennen getrocknet. Die Tonerde wird zu diesem Gußrverfahren vorher durch Säuren aktiviert, um beim Brennen einen guten Zusammenhalt der einzelnen Kristallkörnchen ohne Bindemittel zu erhalten. Es ist nun im Patent 847 569 ein Verfahren vorgeschlagen worden, das die Größe und Dichte der Kristalle des gebrannten Körpers beeinflu@ßt.Process for the production of insulators for spark plugs Addendum to Patent 847 569 Insulators made from high-alumina ceramic masses, if they were produced without a binder, have high values for thermal conductivity. However, the binder-free ceramic masses cannot easily be produced by pressing (pressing of blanks which are machined into their final shape); they are first poured as a slip and carefully dried before firing. For this casting process, the alumina is previously activated by acids in order to obtain good cohesion of the individual crystal grains without binding agents during firing. A method has now been proposed in patent 847 569 which influences the size and density of the crystals of the burned body.

Das vorgeschlagene Verfahren verwendet eine Mischung von zwei Tonerdesorten, die unterschiedliche Säurelöslichkeit zeigen. Ein Anteil an der weniger löslichen Tonerdesorte bewirkt ein geringes Kornwachstum, denn das Bestreben der stärker aktivierten Kristallkörner, sich aneinanderzulagern und dabei zu größeren Kristallen zusammenzuwachsen, ist vermindert: Die unterschiedliche Säurelöslichkeit der verwendeten Tonerden wird auf verschiedene Weise erreicht. Unter diesen Maßnahmen ist eine der wichtigsten, daß man aktivierte Tonerde vorbrennt und mahlt, sodann mit normaler Tonerde mischt, das Ganze nochmals aktiviert und dann zu Isolatoren verarbeitet. Die schon einmal gebrannte Tonerde ist gegen die Säureeinwirkung bei der zweiten Aktivierung sehr beständig und ergibt eine vorzügliche feinkristalline Sinterung beim nachfolgenden Brennen. Die zum Teil aus vorgebrannter Tonerde hergestellten Isolatoren haben vorzügliche elektrische Isolationswerte gezeitigt.The proposed method uses a mixture of two types of clay, which show different acid solubility. Part of the less soluble The type of clay causes a low grain growth, because the tendency of the more activated Crystal grains to cling to one another and grow together to form larger crystals, is reduced: The different acid solubility of the clays used is achieved in different ways. Under these measures is a The most important thing is to pre-burn and grind activated clay, then with normal Mixes clay, reactivates the whole thing and then turns it into insulators. The clay that has already been burned is against the effects of acid in the second Activation very stable and results in excellent fine crystalline sintering during the subsequent firing. Some of them are made from prebaked clay Insulators have shown excellent electrical insulation values.

Die genannte Masse hat ferner den Vorteil, da1ß sie sich bei bestimmten Mischungsverhältnissen im Preßverfahren verarbeiten läßt. Will man jedoch ein sehr feinkristallines Gefüge erhalten, so muß man viel vo.rgebrannte Tonerde verwenden. Eine solche Masse, die vorwiegend aus -vorgebrannter Tonerde besteht, lälßt sich ohne besondere Maßnahmen nicht mehr pressen.The above-mentioned mass also has the advantage that it differs at certain Mixing ratios can be processed in the pressing process. However, one wants a very To get a fine crystalline structure, you have to use a lot of pre-fired clay. Such a mass, which consists predominantly of pre-calcined clay, can be produced Do not press any more without special measures.

Ein neues Verfahren, bei dem Isolatoren für Zündkerzen nach dem Hauptpatent mit beliebig hohem Gehalt an vorgebrannter Tonerde durch Pressen oder sogar durch Spritzen hergestellt werden können, beruht nun darauf; daß man gemäß der Erfindung einen Zusatz zu den keramischen Massen von organischen Bindemitteln macht, z. B. von thermoplastischen Harzen, die bei den Temperaturen des keramischen Brandes, insbesondere denen der Anheizperiode; zum größten Teil uniersetzt flüchtig sind: Keramische Mässen mit bis zu go °/o an vorgebrannter Tonerde lieißen sieh auf diese Art anstandslos pressen. Als organische Bindemittel können z. B. den Massen etwa bis zu zo % Kunstschellack oder bis zu 5 % Weichasphalt oder bis zu. io o/5 Holzteeröl beigegeben werden.A new process in which insulators for spark plugs according to the main patent with any high content of prebaked alumina by pressing or even through Syringes can be manufactured is now based on it; that according to the invention makes an additive to the ceramic masses of organic binders, e.g. B. of thermoplastic resins, which at the temperatures of the ceramic fire, especially those of the heating-up period; for the most part, the following are volatile: Ceramic gauges with up to 100% of pre-fired clay left you on this Kind of pressing without hesitation. As organic binders, for. B. the masses up to zo% synthetic shellac or up to 5% soft asphalt or up to. io o / 5 wood tar oil be added.

Die zu brennenden Mischungen aus Tonerden unterschiedlicher Säurelöslichkeit können wie bisher bekannt oder vorgeschlagen nach verschiedenen Mischungsverhältnissen zusammengesetzt sein, und die einzelnen Bestandteile können dabei auf ganz verschiedenen Wegen gewonnen sein.The mixtures to be fired from clays of different acid solubility can as previously known or suggested according to various mixing ratios be composed, and the individual components can be very different Because of being won.

Als besonderer Vorteil ergibt sich bei dem neuen Verfahren, daß z. B. der Anteil an normal aktivierter Tonerde bis zur neutralen Reaktion ausgewaschen sein kann. Die Preßwerkzeuge, insbesondere die Formen werden ja bekanntlich durch die zum Aktivieren gebrauchte Salzsäure angegriffen. Dieser Angriff wird nun durch das Auswaschen bis zur neutralen Reaktion vermieden.A particular advantage of the new method is that, for. B. the proportion of normally activated clay washed out to a neutral reaction can be. The pressing tools, especially the molds, are known to go through attacked the hydrochloric acid used to activate it. This attack is now through Avoided washing out until the reaction is neutral.

Claims (3)

PATENTANSPRÜCHE: i.. Verfahren zum Herstellen von keramischen Zündkerzenisolatoren nach Patent 847 569 unter Verwendung von mehreren Tonerden unterschiedlicher Säurelöslichkeit, von denen eine in besonders hohem Anteil aus bereits aktivierter, dann gesinterter und schließlich wieder gemahlener Tonerde besteht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, däß, die keramische Masse in an sich bekannter Weise nach einem Zusatz von organischen Bindemitteln, z. B. thermoplastischen Harzen, nach einem der für Kunstharzstoffe üblichen Verfahren in Formen gespritzt wird, wonach die organischen Bindemittel zum größten Teil unzersetzt verflüchtigt werden, und dann der Körper fertig gebrannt wird. PATENT CLAIMS: i .. Process for producing ceramic spark plug insulators according to patent 847 569 using several alumina of different acid solubility, one of which consists in a particularly high proportion of already activated, then sintered and finally re-ground alumina, characterized in that the ceramic Mass in a known manner after the addition of organic binders such. B. thermoplastic resins, is injected into molds by one of the methods customary for synthetic resin materials, after which the organic binders are for the most part volatilized without decomposition, and then the body is completely burned. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch i, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daßi der Anteil an normal aktivierter Tonerde bis zur neutralen Reaktion ausgewaschen ist. 2. The method according to claim i, characterized in thati the proportion of normal activated clay has been washed out until it has a neutral reaction. 3. Anwendung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch i oder 2 bei keramischen Massen, die einen Gehalt an aktivierter, dann gesinterter und schließlich gemahlener Tonerde von bis zu go % haben.3. Application of the Method according to claim i or 2 in the case of ceramic masses which have a content of activated, then sintered and finally ground alumina of up to go%.
DEB9601D 1943-05-15 1943-05-15 Process for the manufacture of insulators for spark plugs Expired DE870077C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEB9601D DE870077C (en) 1943-05-15 1943-05-15 Process for the manufacture of insulators for spark plugs

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEB9601D DE870077C (en) 1943-05-15 1943-05-15 Process for the manufacture of insulators for spark plugs

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE870077C true DE870077C (en) 1953-03-09

Family

ID=6956451

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEB9601D Expired DE870077C (en) 1943-05-15 1943-05-15 Process for the manufacture of insulators for spark plugs

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE870077C (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1148477B (en) * 1959-01-16 1963-05-09 Siemens Ag Process for the production of molded porcelain bodies

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1148477B (en) * 1959-01-16 1963-05-09 Siemens Ag Process for the production of molded porcelain bodies

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