DE8405921U1 - PRE-PREPARED FIREPLACE FOR SOLID FUELS - Google Patents

Description

Dr, WaltherJunius .ΐ'Χ '. ¹ \. ^: ... ^: '-' '":' Hanover-Wa Idheim, Wolfetr. 24

May 23, 1984

File number: α 84 05 921.4
Applicant: Joachim PrÖmmel
My reference: 812

Prefabricated solid fuel fireplace

The invention relates to a prefabricated fireplace for solid fuels, in particular wood in logs and / or Sticks, consisting of a fuel storage chamber, which has an inclined chute at the bottom and the one at its lower End merges into the combustion chamber, which is arranged above a two-part grate, one part of which is displaceable and has upwardly directed humps, and with its rods 2wischen grips the rods of the other grate part, and which goes up into a side of the fuel storage chamber * arranged combustion chamber channel and opens into the flame burnout chamber arranged above, from which the combustion gases into the chimney.

This fireplace is characterized by the fact that a fuel supply is stored in the fuel storage chamber which allows uninterrupted operation over a long period of time. This fireplace draws you further through it from the fact that the combustion chamber forms a trough in which a particularly conveniently located fire bed is formed, its size can be enlarged and reduced as required by moving the movable grate part. Despite

If the fuel storage chamber is full, the lighting is on With this fireplace possible without clearing away the large sole or billet by the fact that the ignition material is inserted into the combustion chamber channel from the flame burnout chamber, is ignited and then sets the large soles and sticks in the combustion chamber on fire "

The present invention now improves this fireplace to the effect * that the trough in the combustion chamber is nooh better is adapted to the respective needs for increased or reduced heat emission from the fireplace, which * way that an optimal combustion of the solid fuel is always achieved.

The invention consists in that the displaceable, the fuel storage chamber facing away from the grate part with his the end facing away from the fuel storage chamber when shifting in the direction of the other grate part obliquely nacl can be pivoted at the top

In this way, not only is the host area effective for the fire bed enlarged and reduced, but also the trough shape of the combustion chamber floor is adapted to the respective requirements for increased or reduced heat dissipation. In known fireplaces for domestic use, the roasting area must not be increased or decreased; reduced or increased combustion and thus heat emission is achieved by more or less strong throttling of the air supply and the exhaust of fuel gas because not all fuel is _{burned to CO 2} , but a rope of the fuel in the form of smoldering

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gases are withdrawn unburned, another! Ceil is only burned to OO with a much lower degree of efficiency, which also has the disadvantage of the risk of CO poisoning if the smoke ducts of the The fireplace is not completely intact.

By the present invention it is achieved that the size and shape of the ember bed within the hearth the type of heat required and the fuel is adapted, so that larger when desired Heat emission is the combustion on a large grate surface with large air passage openings in a wide hollow is carried out, while at the desired low heat « output, the grate surface is smaller, the trough narrower and the cross-section of the air passage openings smaller are «This guarantees optimal combustion in all operating states of the fireplace.

Structurally, the invention can be implemented very simply, but also very effectively in that the displaceable Grate part at least with its end facing away from the fuel storage chamber on a sloping upward in Direction of the fuel storage chamber extending Guideway rests. As a result, this grate part is swiveled at the same time during the displacement performed.

For a narrowing of the hollow and thus for a reduction in size of the ember bed, it is advantageous if the grate part facing the fuel storage chamber also is movable.

In this embodiment, it is useful if the one that arises after the two grate parts have been moved

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gap between the fixed end of the chute and the trough of the grate of a pivoting sheet metal plate is covered, the swivel joint is attached to the fixed end of the chute of the fuel storage chamber and the one with its lower end on the slope of the grate trough rests.

"around this fireplace for many types of solid fuel To make it operational, it is advantageous if on the side facing the flame burnout chamber the fuel storage chamber or between the flame burnout chamber and a substantially vertically movable plate attached to the fuel storage chamber is, the lower edge of which in its lowest position extends down to a gap on the chute or the grate.

The layer height regulator can be made from a simple sheet metal plate that is guided laterally in bars will. The high or low setting to be made by hand can be done from the outside using handles attached to the outside that hold the plates at the desired height. The resulting slots for the handles can against air infiltration by telescoping Sheet metal covers are sealed · Heavier panels can be made easier by counterweights on pulleys can be made adjustable.

A layer height regulator, if it is also installed, can always ensure that only the desired amount of fuel is used comes to the combustion and extends the fuel types that can be burned here to different ones Types of coal, which are also burned on differently sized effective grate surfaces can.

To the combustion according to the respective needs the "heated trees to regulate heat supply, such as that "is common with oil and gas heating systems, but otherwise only extremely with house-fire systems for solid fuels is difficult to carry out, it is useful if a control for the combustion air supply is provided, in which both the control of the! primary air supply via KIi pe as well as the secondary air supply via duct doreh die Position of the grate part by means of lever linkage translating the distance directly and / or with the interposition a cam.

With coal and coke firing in conventional fireplaces the combustion control works in such a way that the combustion also works when the air supply is throttled still burns in the old bed of embers. With the fuel wood, however, comes even with dry Wood adds soot and soot to the stoves and chimneys and the throttling of the air supply has an effect has a less favorable effect on the quality of the combustion, especially if there are additional operating errors. A small adjustability the wood combustion, although practiced, is without a simultaneous reduction in the combustible wood mass in the Fire bed only given with the effects mentioned.

The frequently practiced method of placing wood on the grate with a lively flame, i.e. with sufficient excess air To burn until the volatile components burn out and then in the charcoal embers phase to continue burning very slowly with strong throttling of the air supply, which requires considerable operating effort and operating skill and yet does not rule out imperfect combustion «

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Aucli flue gas temperature controller with temperature sensors in Exhaust gas duct that control the air inlet opening, so that the exhaust gas temperature and thus the heating power remain constant, are known and in use. Again with coal-fired and burn-through systems or with the lower one Burning "works" these devices with those already mentioned Limitations. Should be the fuel-air ratio in the case of wood firing, however, both in the time phase of the combustion of the volatile constituents Task of the wood mass as well as in the time phase of the charcoal glow phase be acceptable, the setpoint of the flue gas temperature controller must be readjusted frequently and the Often controlling the combustion, ignoring the intermediate phases of the combustion. At Feuerun This operating work is repeated in genes with a low firing volume accordingly often per day.

When using control devices that are supposed to keep the room temperature constant and then the air inlet opening control, the effects on the quality of combustion are correspondingly strong, especially with wood combustion:

It can also be advantageous if a control for the combustion air supply is provided in which A regulation of the primary combustion air via duct Pleaseis one of the exhaust gas temperature via thermal expansion Sensor-actuated air control flap with setpoint adjustment at the input of the channel.

Another possibility is that a control for the combustion air supply is provided in which the Setpoint adjustment via linkage, Bowden cable or cam disc from the load-regulating position of the grate part he follows.

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An interlinked control of the effective The grate surface with the air inlet openings is one

Division of the air control into one of the grate

i, area directly dependent part and into an indirect

j part dependent on the combustion product, the quality should be

Improve jj of the combustion and keep it constant.

; The setpoint adjustment of the flue gas temperature controller is

additionally coupled to the adjustment of the effective rust \ i surface.

"Finally, a regulation can find its way into it, if

; = the change in the medium temperature, room air or heating waa

eer with a motorized adjustment of wirksa- 'men grate area, so eifolgt the grate carriage. The air-

Quantity control then follows this grate adjustment.

In this case, it is useful if the regulation of the heat output of the fireplace by means of the grate displacement by scanning the medium temperature to be heated, such as room air, heating water, service water, e.g. by means of a thermostat, with an electric motor drive with gear reduction, takes place fully automatically.

The essence of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment of the invention shown schematically in the drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1 a cross-shell with a stove as a fireplace Fireplace with a wide recess in the combustion chamber (layer height regulator not engaged),

flg. 2 a cross section through a fireplace designed as a fireplace with hot water generation _v

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in which the trough is narrowed due to the shifting of the grate (layer height regulator stops those close by
Stick at low load position),

Fig. J> a view of the displaceable and pivotable ver
Grate part from above,

Fig. 4 is a view of the other grate part from above,

Flg. 5 is a view of the two in a low load position
interlocking grate parts,

Fig. 6 is an end view of the sliding grate and ^: its guide track, '■

Flg. 7 a view of the layer height regulator,

8 shows a cross section through a fireplace designed as a central heating boiler with a normal grate position and an extended height regulator for
the firing of nut charcoal or egg briquettes.

The fireplace consists of the fuel storage chamber I,
from the side through the loading door 2 with fixed
Fuel, especially wood in logs and / or billets
is filled and has the inclined chute 3, from the ^ combustion chamber II, which is arranged above the grids 8, from | the combustion chamber canal III, the "Fi amm gnqtigh-pp TmTfanmi PT» iv _f die
also arranged next to the fuel storage chamber I | and on the one facing away from the fuel storage chamber ? Look for a fireplace open, for a stove through doors | or the flaps are closed, from the smoke extractor hood V | and the smoke outlet duct VI.

The primary combustion air is divided into two parts f

streams fed through the flaps 10 and 11. The through |

Combustion air supplied to the flap 10 passes through the 5th

pivotable grate 7 in the combustion chamber channel III, |

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while the air passing through the grate 8 from below through the flap 11 into the fuel storage chamber I. enters and through openings 12 arranged on the opposite side of the Bresnstoffvorratskamaer in a outside of the fuel storage chamber I lying channel 13 enters, which leads to under the grate 8. The air entering here takes from the fuel storage tank I in this carbonization gases that have risen with it and then also leads these carbonization gases to combustion in the combustion chamber II.

The pivotable grate 7 is located during normal operation the fireplace in the position shown in full lines, while he is in the ignition process is in the position shown in dashed lines. In this position, the combustion chamber channel III has a special large volume, so that one can insert the ignition material into it and ignite it. The burning ignition material can then by pivoting the grate from the dashed position into the position shown with full lines be pressed against the solid large-format fuel coming from the storage shaft I and ignite it.

The grate 8 is constructed in two parts. Each grate part has, like the prongs of a comb, arranged freely protruding Grate bars 81.86. The spaces 85 between the grate bars serve as air passage openings. The move bare grate has push rods 84 which carry a handle 85 on their lüde. These rods 84 are purpose " moderately articulated attached to the grate part 8a. At the transition point of the bars 81 of the grate in the continuous Part 82 are cusps 83 arranged towards the top.

The grate part 8a is mounted on a guide track 1 by lateral projections, wheels or the corpses and

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slidable on this sohräg upward guide track 1. The part of the Roatteil 8b facing Grate part 8a can be carried out with the grate slide 8 on a horizontally running guide track by means of protrusions, Wheels or the like be mounted. This ensures that when the movable Grate part 8a always swiveling the movable Grate part 8a is made. The grate part 8a is swiveled higher the more it is in Rio] device slide 3 is moved. This makes the trough, which is formed by the two grate parts 8a, 8b, all the more narrow and deeper, so that the bed of embers resting in this diminished hollow is much smaller than that Has embers when the grate parts are pulled apart.

An ash pan 9 is attached below the grate 8,

The inclined slide 3 has at its lower end a joint 34 on which an apron in the form of a Sheet metal plate 31 is attached, which is with your Unterei End supported on the grate.

In the normal position, the sheet metal apron 31 lies on the contour of the grate part 8b

At its end below the apron, the grate part has parts 31 which run obliquely upward.

In the weak load position according to FIG. 2, the part 8b moved towards the rear wall. The device 33, consisting of telescoping metal sheets, causes the seal against the air duct 13 as well as the guidance and mounting of this grate part

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The shifting of the grate part 8a to be made to regulate the output can be used to control the test equipment. air supply via the flap 10 as well as to the control

* the secondary air supply via duct 20 by means of «

Streokenübersetzender lever linkage directly and / or

J with the interposition of a cam with the

I flap 10 or the sliding block 17 can be used «

X Another proportion of the primary combustion air over which

Entering channel 11, can be influenced by the exhaust gas temperature

1 by means of a thermal expansion sensor one in front of duct 11

g regulate the air flap located «The setpoint adjuster

I of an otherwise commercially available ventilation flap controller for

I ovens can be operated using the lever linkage or

f Bowden cables 113 also synchronized with the grate movement

I can be adjusted.

% The division of the three partial air flows can, for example, be

j ratio of 15% secondary air via duct 20;

j 40% primary air via air flaps 10 and

45% via channel 11.

This has the effect that the further the grate is pushed back because of the weaker heat output to be set, the primary air from the flap 10 is throttled further and further down to NuU. The secondary air via duct 20 is meanwhile proportionally throttled. The primary air entering via the duct, however, is determined by the temperature sensor 112 and a throttling influence via the setpoint adjuster 111 of the bowler. Influencing the The setpoint adjuster via an externally adjustable linkage can therefore be programmed.

The exhaust gas temperature determined by the thermocouple

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An effective control necessarily maintains an acceptable fuel-air ratio, especially in the low-load range a.

All three flap plate can be adjusted by externally accessible adjustment devices for different fuel! · Air conditions ^l for different types of fuel and draft conditions.

Finally, the grate slide can be adjusted by a motor and the adjustment, as it can be proportional to the heat output, can be controlled by the temperature of the medium to be heated, such as the room air, the heating water of a 'central heating via' thermostat like modern heating systems ^% with oil or gas burners. However, the priority here is not to continue to operate the furnace in on-off mode, but rather continuously with a small furnace when the low load is required. Excessive heat output should then be absorbed by the fireplace as a central heating furnace in the water heater or in the buffer tank.

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Claims (3)

Patent attorney, .... # .. ^ j 3 DfpLPhys, Dr.Walther JuniuS.:; · \ · J \: ". · X:.:. Hannover-Waldheim, Wolfstr.2« «". · .. ' * .. * '- *' ·· · May 23, 1984 File number: G 84 05 921.4 Applicant: Joachim Prömmel My reference: 812 Claims: 1. Gate-made fireplace for solid fuels, especially wood in logs and / or billets, consisting of a fuel storage chamber, which has an inclined chute as the bottom and which merges at its lower end into the combustion chamber, which is arranged above a two-part grate, one of which Part is displaceable and has upwardly directed humps, and engages with its rods between the rods of the other grate part, and the top into the combustion chamber channel arranged on the side of the fuel supply channel and opens into the flame combustion chamber arranged above, from which the combustion gases in pull off the chimney,
characterized, that the sliding, the fuel storage chamber (i) facing away grate part (8a) with its end facing away from the fuel storage chamber (I) during the displacement can be pivoted obliquely upwards in the direction of the other grate part (8b). 2, fireplace according to claim 1,
characterized, that the displaceable grate part (8a) at least with its end facing away from the fuel storage chamber (i) on a guide track (87) running obliquely upwards in the direction of the fuel storage chamber (I) rests. ~ 3. Fireplace according to claim 1, characterized, that also the one facing the fuel storage chamber (I) Grate part is displaceable. 4. fireplace according to claim 1,
characterized, that the two grate parts (8a, 8b) resulting gap between the fixed end of the chute (3) and the trough of the grate (8) of a pivotable Sheet metal plate (34) is covered, the swivel joint (33) on the fixed end of the slide (3) of the Fuel storage chamber (i) is attached and with its lower end on the slope of the grate trough rests. 5. fireplace according to claim 1,
characterized, that facing the flame burnout chamber (IV) Side of the fuel storage chamber (i) or between the flame burnout chamber (IV) and the fuel storage chamber (i) a substantially vertically movable plate (4) is attached, the lower edge of which in its lowest position extends down to a gap on the chute (31) or the grate (8). 6. fireplace according to claim 1,
marked by a control device for the combustion air supply, where the flap (1O) for controlling the primary air supply and the flap in the duct (20) via a lever linkage that translates the route (102) is connected directly and / or via a cam to the grate part (8a). • I t * ft # rf · <··· ■ · - · « ? · Fire & tte according to claim 1, characterized by dai «ine air control flap with setpoint value provision (111) fttr di · Reguliemmg d «f Pvla & trerbreaiuuigs-Itift above the tfltni« * tted «taiUÄgeftlliler (112) au entrance The channel (11) is arranged. 8. fire place according to Anepmoh 1, known by means of a Biaetellrorriohtmg for the Terrenauageluftiurunr, which over a Q "et aage, a Bowdeneug (113) or a Kfifftftiöbeibe bit the Roette part (8a) rerbuaden is. 9. Feueretäte after inaprueh 1, gekeiuiseichaet due to the arrangement of an electric other, which is attached underneath the cladding and its Shaft through a gear ait «inen rereohiebbaren Roette part (8A) is linked