DE8273C - Process for the preparation of celluloid using ether - Google Patents
Process for the preparation of celluloid using etherInfo
- Publication number
- DE8273C DE8273C DENDAT8273D DE8273DA DE8273C DE 8273 C DE8273 C DE 8273C DE NDAT8273 D DENDAT8273 D DE NDAT8273D DE 8273D A DE8273D A DE 8273DA DE 8273 C DE8273 C DE 8273C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- ether
- celluloid
- preparation
- filled
- heat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 229920002160 Celluloid Polymers 0.000 title description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- DSSYKIVIOFKYAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Camphor Chemical compound C1CC2(C)C(=O)CC1C2(C)C DSSYKIVIOFKYAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960000846 Camphor Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000723346 Cinnamomum camphora Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930007890 camphor Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 210000002268 Wool Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
- C08J3/09—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in organic liquids
- C08J3/091—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in organic liquids characterised by the chemical constitution of the organic liquid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2301/00—Characterised by the use of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
- C08J2301/08—Cellulose derivatives
- C08J2301/16—Esters of inorganic acids
- C08J2301/18—Cellulose nitrate
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
Description
1878.1878.
KlasseGreat
G. MAGNUS & CO. in BERLIN. Verfahren zur Darstellung von Celluloid unter Anwendung von Aether.G. MAGNUS & CO. in Berlin. Process for the preparation of celluloid using ether.
Patentirt im Deutschen Reiche vom 6. November 1878 ab.Patented in the German Empire on November 6, 1878.
In einer Mischung von 100 Gewichtstheilen Aether vom vol. Gew. 0,728 und 25 Gewi'chtstheilen Kampher lösen wir 50 Gewichtstheile Collodiumwolle.In a mixture of 100 parts by weight Aether from vol. 0.728 by weight and 25 parts by weight of camphor we dissolve 50 parts by weight Collodion wool.
Die Auflösung der Wolle in der Kampherlösung erfolgt sehr schnell und wird durch Rühren noch bedeutend beschleunigt. Durch dieses Verfahren entsteht aus der Collodiumwolle eine durchscheinende, gallertartige, klebrige Masse, welche, um eine vollständige Auflösung der Wolle durch den Aether und um eine innige Verbindung mit dem Kampher herbeizuführen unter zwei über einander liegenden AYalzen so lange gewalzt wird, bis das Material . plastische Eigenschaften zeigt.The dissolution of the wool in the camphor solution takes place very quickly and is through Stirring accelerated significantly. This process is used to create collodion wool a translucent, gelatinous, sticky mass which, to complete dissolution the wool through the ether and to bring about an intimate connection with the camphor is rolled under two superposed AY rolls until the material. shows plastic properties.
Bei farbigen Massen können die Farbstoffe dem Aether, oder während des Walzens dem Rohmaterial beigemischt werden. Diese ausgewalzten zähen Platten setzen wir so lange der Atmosphäre aus, bis dieselben hart und polirbar werden.In the case of colored masses, the dyes can be added to the ether or, during rolling, to the Raw material can be added. We use these rolled tough plates for so long Atmosphere until they become hard and polishable.
Dieses Verfahren dürfte jedoch nur bei Platten oder Stäben von nicht zu grofser Stärke anwendbar sein, da Stücke von 10 mm Stärke etwa 10 Tage zur Härtung brauchen. Um Körper von gröfserem Durchmesser, z. B. Billardbälle, Kegelkugeln etc., herzustellen, rollen wir die dünn gewalzten zähen Platten zusammen. Nach theilweisem Verdunsten des Aethers werden dieselben auf einer Kreisraspel gröblich pulverisirt. Um die noch vorhandenen Reste des Lösungsmittels gänzlich zu entfernen, trocknen wir das Celluloid bei etwa 1060C. auf einem Wärmtisch. Das auf diese Weise vollkommen ausgetrocknete Celluloid wird in erwärmte Metallformen geprefst und durch Verschrauben der letzteren einer andauernden Pressung ausgesetzt. Durch allmälige Zuführung von Wärme erfolgt die Härtung. Zu diesem Zweck stellen wir die gefüllten Formen auf ein Standsieb, in einen sogenannten Vulcanisirkessel, welcher zu einem Drittel mit Wasser gefüllt ist. Nachdem der Kessel durch einen, mit einem Sicherheitsventil versehenen Deckel luftdicht verschlossen, wird derselbe in einem Kochapparat erwärmt. Durch Beobachtung eines im Deckel des Kessels angebrachten Thermometers wird die Temperatur controlirt.However, this method should only be applicable to plates or rods that are not too thick, since pieces of 10 mm thickness need about 10 days to harden. In order to have bodies of larger diameter, e.g. B. billiard balls, bowling balls, etc., we roll up the thinly rolled tough plates. After partial evaporation of the ether, they are coarsely pulverized on a circular rasp. To the remaining residues of the solvent to remove completely, we dry the celluloid at about 106 0 C. on a Wärmtisch. The celluloid, completely dried out in this way, is pressed into heated metal molds and subjected to constant pressure by screwing the latter. Hardening takes place through the gradual application of heat. For this purpose we place the filled molds on a standing sieve, in a so-called Vulcanisirkessel, which is filled to a third with water. After the kettle has been hermetically sealed by a lid equipped with a safety valve, it is heated in a cooking device. The temperature is controlled by observing a thermometer placed in the lid of the kettle.
Wenn die ersten Wasserdämpfe "sich entwickeln, so mufs die im Kessel vorhandene Luft durch Oeffnen des Ventils oder durch einen für diesen Zweck angebrachten Hahn entfernt werden. Sobald das Wasser den Siedepunkt erreicht hat, wird die Wärme so gesteigert, dafs in 1 '/2 bis höchstens 13/4 Stunden 120 bis 1220C. erreicht werden. Eine gröfsere Hitze oder längeres Verweilen an der äufsersten Wärmegrenze führt ein vollständiges Zerstören der Masse herbei.When the first water vapors develop, the air present in the kettle must be removed by opening the valve or by using a tap fitted for this purpose. As soon as the water has reached the boiling point, the heat is so increased that in 1/2 be achieved by more than 1 3/4 hour 120 to 122 0 C.. a gröfsere heat or longer stay on the heat extremest limit performs a complete destruction of the earth brought about.
Das erkaltete, von der Form befreite Celluloid, ist ein durchscheinendes sehr festes hornartiges Material, welches sich feilen, schneiden, auf der Drehbank bearbeiten und mit Trippelwasser schleifen und pöliren läfst. " -The cooled celluloid, freed from its shape, is a translucent, very firm, horn-like one Material that is filed, cut, machined on the lathe and with triple water grind and polish. "-
Claims (6)
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE8273C true DE8273C (en) |
Family
ID=34715597
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DENDAT8273D Active DE8273C (en) | Process for the preparation of celluloid using ether |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE8273C (en) |
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0
- DE DENDAT8273D patent/DE8273C/en active Active
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