DE826035C - Electric capacitor - Google Patents
Electric capacitorInfo
- Publication number
- DE826035C DE826035C DEP13921A DEP0013921A DE826035C DE 826035 C DE826035 C DE 826035C DE P13921 A DEP13921 A DE P13921A DE P0013921 A DEP0013921 A DE P0013921A DE 826035 C DE826035 C DE 826035C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- impregnating agent
- capacitor according
- capacitor
- breakdown
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- MCSAJNNLRCFZED-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitroethane Chemical compound CC[N+]([O-])=O MCSAJNNLRCFZED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- YIKSCQDJHCMVMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxamide Chemical class NC(=O)C(N)=O YIKSCQDJHCMVMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000589614 Pseudomonas stutzeri Species 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G4/002—Details
- H01G4/018—Dielectrics
- H01G4/20—Dielectrics using combinations of dielectrics from more than one of groups H01G4/02 - H01G4/06
- H01G4/22—Dielectrics using combinations of dielectrics from more than one of groups H01G4/02 - H01G4/06 impregnated
- H01G4/221—Dielectrics using combinations of dielectrics from more than one of groups H01G4/02 - H01G4/06 impregnated characterised by the composition of the impregnant
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)
Description
Elektrischer Kondensator Es gibt bekanntlich Kondensatoren, welche sehr dünne, beispielsweise durch Aufdampfen auf ein bandförmiges Dielektrikum gewonnene, metallische Belegungen aufweisen. Die schwachen Stellen im Dielektrikum werden vor der betriebsmäßigen Verwendung derartiger Kondensatoren durch kräftige Spannungsstöße durchgeschlagen und dabei der Metallbelag an der Durchschlagstelle weggebrannt. Der das Ausbrennen des Metallbelags an der Durchschlagstelle bewirkende Lichtbogen muß alsbald wieder gelöscht werden, damit der Kondensator. nicht zerstört wird. Es wurde schon vorgeschlagen, die Löschung des Ausbrennlichtbogens durch Gase herbeizuführen, welche beim Durchschlag selbst aus dem Tränkmittel in kolloiddisperser Form beigemengten Stoffen erzeugt werden. Die Voraussetzung für das Eintreten der beabsichtigten Wirkung besteht allerdings darin, daß die gasbildenden Stoffe ganz fein verteilt im Tränkmittel enthalten sind. Dies ist aber nicht unter allen Umständen gewährleistet, weil das Kondensatorpapier vielfach als Filter wirkt und das Eindringen der gasbildenden Stoffe in das Innere der Kondensatorwickel und damit auch das schnelle Löschen des beim Ausbrennen entstehenden Lichtbogens verhindert. Die Menge der an der Durchschlagstelle entstehenden Metall- und Tränkmitteldämpfe wird dann so groß, daß der Kondensator ihren Druck nicht mehr auszuhalten vermag und aufreißt. Diese Gefahr wird bei einem Kondensator, dessen Metallbelag bei einem Durchschlag des Dielektrikums um die Durchschlagstelle herum wegbrennt, und zwar bei durch gasabgebende Stoffe im Tränkmittel verursachter, rascher Löschung des Ausbrennlichtbogens gemäß der Erfindung dadurch vermieden, daß das Tränkmittel selbst ein gasabgebender Stoff ist. Verwendet man z. B. Amino- oder Nitroparaffin als Kondensatortränkmittel, so spalten sich bei einem Durchschlag Amino-bzw. Nitrogruppen ab, die den Durchschlagverlauf in dem .gewünschten Sinne beeinflussen. Insbesondere ist auch die Anwesenheit von Sauerstoff bei einem Durchschlag sehr vorteilhaft, weil sie einen schnellen, explosionsartigen Zerfall und eine bessere Verbrennung der anwesenden schädlichen Stoffe zur Folge hat. Versuche haben ergeben, daß z. B. bei Verwendung von Nitroparaffin als Kondensatortränkmittel die Ausbrenngüte wesentlich verbessert und daher die Nennspannung der Kondensatoren erhöht werden kann.Electrical Capacitor As is well known, there are capacitors which very thin, for example obtained by vapor deposition on a band-shaped dielectric, have metallic coatings. The weak spots in the dielectric are exposed the operational use of such capacitors due to strong voltage surges punched through and the metal coating at the point of puncture burned away. The arc that causes the metal coating to burn out at the point of breakdown must be deleted as soon as possible so that the capacitor. is not destroyed. It has already been proposed to extinguish the burn-out arc using gases, which were added in colloid-disperse form from the impregnating agent during the breakthrough Substances are generated. The requirement for the intended effect to occur is, however, that the gas-forming substances are very finely distributed in the impregnating agent are included. However, this is not guaranteed under all circumstances because that Capacitor paper often acts as a filter and the penetration of gas-forming Substances into the interior of the capacitor winding and thus also the quick erasure of the prevents an arc that occurs when it burns out. The amount of at the point of puncture The resulting metal and impregnating agent vapors are then so large that the condenser is no longer able to withstand their pressure and rips open. This danger in the case of a capacitor, the metal coating of the capacitor occurs when the dielectric breaks down burns away around the point of breakdown by gas-emitting substances Rapid extinction of the burn-out arc caused in the impregnating agent according to Invention avoided in that the impregnating agent itself is a gas-emitting substance is. If you use z. B. amino or nitroparaffin as a condenser drinker, see above split with a breakdown amino or. Nitro groups that determine the course of the breakdown influence in the desired sense. In particular, there is also the presence of Oxygen is very beneficial in the event of a breakdown because it is rapid, explosive Decay and better combustion of the harmful substances present Has. Experiments have shown that z. B. when using nitroparaffin as a condenser drinker the burnout quality is significantly improved and therefore the nominal voltage of the capacitors can be increased.
An Stelle der Nitro- und Aminogruppen können aber auch andere Molekülgruppen an die vorzugsweise aus Paraffin bestehenden Kondensatortränkmittel angelagert werden: Besonders geeignet sind Oxamide oder Harnstoffe, welche die guten Isolierungseigenschaften der Paraffine nicht ,beeinträchtigen und bei einem Durchschlag unschädliche Gase, wie z. B. Stickstoff, Wasserstoff, Ammoniak, Kohlensäure bzw. Kohlenoxyd, abgeben. Wesentlich ist dabei, daß die für den Zerfall der ltioleküle des gasabgebenden Tränkmittels erforderliche, durch den Lichtbogen plötzlich zuzuführende Wärmemenge so gering ist, daß dadurch schnell eine große Gasmenge frei gemacht und der Lichtbogen schnell gelöscht wird. Die erwähnten Tränkmittel sind alle bei einer Temperatur bis zu 15o° C chemisch stabil und zerfallen erst bei wesentlich höheren Temperaturen. Bei geringem Kohlenstoffgehalt des Tränkmittels ergeben sich als weitere Vorteile eine geringe Leitfähigkeit an der Durchschlagstelle und eine liolie Dielektrizitätskonstante. Die Dielektrizitätskonstaiite eines mit Nitroparaffin getränkten Kondensatorpapiers beträgt z. B. 7 und diejenige eines mit Paraffin getränkten Kondensators 4,5.Instead of the nitro and amino groups, however, other molecular groups can also be used to which condenser impregnants, preferably consisting of paraffin, are attached: Oxamides or ureas, which have good insulating properties, are particularly suitable the paraffins do not affect, and in the event of a breakdown harmless gases, such as B. nitrogen, hydrogen, ammonia, carbonic acid or carbon dioxide, give off. It is essential that the decay of the oil molecules of the impregnating agent which gives off gas required amount of heat to be suddenly supplied by the arc is so small is that this quickly freed a large amount of gas and the arc quickly is deleted. The impregnating agents mentioned are all at a temperature of up to 150 ° C chemically stable and only decompose at significantly higher temperatures. With little The carbon content of the impregnating agent results in a low level of further advantages Conductivity at the point of breakdown and a violet dielectric constant. The dielectric constants of a capacitor paper soaked in nitro-paraffin is z. B. 7 and that of a paraffin-soaked capacitor 4.5.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEP13921A DE826035C (en) | 1948-10-02 | 1948-10-02 | Electric capacitor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEP13921A DE826035C (en) | 1948-10-02 | 1948-10-02 | Electric capacitor |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE826035C true DE826035C (en) | 1951-12-27 |
Family
ID=7364871
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DEP13921A Expired DE826035C (en) | 1948-10-02 | 1948-10-02 | Electric capacitor |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE826035C (en) |
-
1948
- 1948-10-02 DE DEP13921A patent/DE826035C/en not_active Expired
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