DE8217231U1 - Automatically switching valve for the rapid reduction of dynamic pressure in a hydraulic line - Google Patents

Description

Patent attorney Eichelbaum ■ Michaelstrasse 4 · D-4350 Recklinghausen 2 t>

Da 596a, b / 82 >" . '\. ¹¹ yrs.,', ', > 1 \>"> _Λ n. _June

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Description:

The invention relates to a multi-way valve for the return of liquids from a cylinder

a hydraulic system with a main control unit and a tank.

Cylinders of a hydraulic system of the above type are used, inter alia, as rear cylinders used to back the shield and conveyor in hydraulic mining. This is done by a hydraulic pump fluid via the switching valve of a main control unit to the piston side of a hydraulic cylinder, whose

This extends the piston. When the r-

Piston is controlled by a switch in the main control unit acts on the piston rod side of the cylinder, while at the same time the piston side is relieved. The faster the piston side can be relieved, the faster the piston can drive in again and the screaming times are shortened. In doing so, however, the problem occurs regularly on that when the liquid flows back out of the piston side, there is a stagnation point in the main control unit results, which prevents a rapid retraction of the piston in the cylinder.

Based on this prior art

Patent attorney Eichelbaum Michaelstrasse 4 D-4350 Recklinghausen 2 Da 596a, b / 82.:. "*>" ;; '.'. CU'Jtini 1982

"The invention is based on the object of a pressure-controlled To create a multi-way valve as a "quick relief valve" without additional external energies a rapid reflux of the liquid from the piston side in a completely automatic manner Actuation of the piston on the piston rod side is guaranteed and still an unhindered, ensures rapid extension of the piston when the piston side is blown.

I '10 This object is achieved according to the invention

solved that the multi-way valve has a housing with three connections, -won which a first with the main control unit, of which a second to the first coaxially arranged connection with the Tank and of which a third connection is connected to a piston side of a cylinder, wherein under the action of the liquid, a valve body coaxially between the first and the second connection is displaceable, which at higher pressurization of the first connection to the third connection opens on a first, relatively small flow cross-section to the piston side and at the same time the the second connection to the tank closes and the one with higher pressurization of the third connection this to the second connection with a second, relatively large flow cross-section to the tank releases and at the same time partially opens the third to the first connection to the main control unit holds. This arrangement creates a valve that, contrary to the efforts of the on this

Patent attorney Eichelbaum · Michaelstrasse 4 · D-4350 Recklinghausen 2 Da 596a, b / 82.:. ". _: " J _: "« u '/' jimi 1982

The average specialist in the field does not have a clearly defined closed position, but only when the piston side is pressurized of the cylinder closes the second connection in the direction of the tank, which, however, closes with higher pressurization of the third connection releases the second connection with a large flow cross-section to the tank and at the same time does not close the first connection, but at least partially open

"Ό holds. This allows the liquid in the cylinder of the piston side directly into the tank via a large flow cross-section and via a smaller one Cross-section of flow through the main control unit with reduction of the back pressure also to the tank

"15 long. By being considerably enlarged in this way and the outflow cross-section of the liquid from the with lower pressure losses Piston side of the cylinder to the tank, this piston side can also be emptied relatively quickly and thus the Pistons are retracted. Since the second connection to the tank can be regarded as depressurized, it hangs the switching position of the valve body essentially depends on the pressure difference between the first and third Connection off. If there is a pressure drop from the third to the first connection, the valve body switches to one Open position to the tank. In contrast, with a pressure gradient from the first to the third connection to a closed position to the tank.

According to an advantageous development of the invention, the valve body is cylindrical,

^is ; Patent attorney Eichelbaum · Michaelstrasse 4 - D-4350 Recklinghausen 2

Da 59 6ε ^ / 8 2. [. ": Ϊ" ϊ '.!' ... lÄj "4-äni 1982

at its end facing the second connection a sealing ring and at its end facing the first connection End of a rigid, with the first, relatively small flow cross-section forming flow openings provided disc and in front of it a dam

Relatively movable valve body, optionally releasing or releasing the first, small flow cross-section narrowing switching disk is arranged. Due to the switching disk, which is relatively movable on the valve body the flow openings in the rigid disc can be released or narrowed. This switch position the switching disk is in turn dependent on the pressure difference already stated between the first and third connection.

A valve body that has proven itself in testing

has a mandrel on which one after the other in the direction from the second to the first connection of the valve housing the sealing ring, a guide sleeve with a cylindrical recess, on which the relatively movable switching disc and finally the rigid disc is arranged with the flow openings. The thorn is advantageous designed as a screw with head and external thread, on which the guide sleeve over the with a corresponding internal thread provided rigid washer and the elastic sealing ring against the head is braced.

To accommodate the valve body with a clearly defined stroke in the valve housing and thereby in turn, adjust the second, relatively large flow cross-section - also readjustable - to

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Eichelbaum patent attorney ■ Michaelstrasse 4 ■ D-4350 Recklinghausen 2 ή Ο

Da 596a, b / 82

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_ The valve housing is internally threaded at one end of the first or second port provided, the inside diameter of which is greater than the largest diameter of the valve body and in which an external thread of a screw sleeve sealed with an O-ring seal engages. Since the second Connection can be viewed essentially as depressurized, the screw socket on the is advantageous Arranged at the end of this second connection of the valve housing to the tank and with one of the shape of the sealing ring valve seat adapted to the valve body «,

To avoid malfunctions as a result of possible fluttering, wobbling or tilting movements of the valve body, the valve body of the valve housing is separated from the guide sleeve and from the guide sleeve. guided by the rigid pane.

In an attempt at an embodiment of the invention it has been found that to keep the third to the first connection partially open in Direction to the main control unit, it is sufficient if the outer diameter of the rigid disc to The bore in the valve housing has a sliding fit of approximately d 8 to H 7. This leaves between the Outside diameter of the rigid disc and the bore a gap of approx. 1.2 / 10 mm - 1.5 / 10 mm as the residual flow cross-section in the valve housing.

The first, relatively small flow cross-section, on the other hand, is symmetrical around 90 of four offset from one another in the rigid pane

Patefit lawyer Eichelbsum · Michaelstrasse 4 · D-4350 Recklinghausen Da 596a, b / 82,; . ··. , ", _v ", n ... '^ uni 1982

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_ arranged flow openings with a diameter of 3 mm each, which is only partially formed when the rigid disc is in contact with the valve housing are covered by the stop surface. It goes without saying that by appropriate attachment of small Grooves or channels on the outer circumference of the rigid disc and on the stop surface of the valve housing facing end face the remaining flow cross-section with the open position of the second, relative large flow cross-section can be increased. However, it does not matter how the flow medium is looking for the path of the least flow resistance anyway. And this one The path of least flow resistance is undoubtedly the path from the third to the second connection opened, second, relatively large flow cross-section to the tank.

The sealing ring and the sliding switch disc are in place to avoid malfunctions made of plastic, e.g. made of polymethylene oxide. Also in the valve body are at the end of each port Openings running transversely to the direction of flow for inserting a notch clip of a plug connection arranged.

An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawings. Show:

Fig. 1 shows a cross section through the new multi-way valve with the first, relatively open small flow cross-section and with the closed, second, relatively large

Patent attorney Eichelbaum. Michaelstrasse 4 · D-4350 Recklinghausen 2 Da 596a, b / 82 · «·";;"·['.'. ii '/ j'.mi 1982

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Flow cross-section to the tank, FIG. 2 shows a cross-section through the new valve

when open, second, relatively large

Flow cross-section to the tank and with the path from being only partially open

third to the first connection, and FIG. 3 shows the schematic arrangement of the new one

Multi-way valve within a hydraulic system. . / ^y first /

Starting from Fig. 3, the terminal 1, the

second port 2 and third port 3 of the new multi-way valve 4 within a hydraulic System 5 arranged. This hydraulic system 5 J

h essentially consists of a main control unit | 6, a hydraulic pump 7, a tank 8 and a hydraulic cylinder 9. The piston side 10 of the hydraulic cylinder 9 is connected to the third connection 3 of the multi-way valve 4 via the line 11. The first connection 1 of the multi-way valve

is via line 12 to the main control unit connected, while the latter via the line 13 with the piston rod side 14 of the hydraulic cylinder 9 | communicates. The second connection 2 of the multi-way valve 4 also leads via the line 15 to Tank 8 like line 16 from the main control unit 6. The hydraulic pump 7 acts on the main control unit 6 via the line 17.

This hydraulic system works in connection with the new multi-way valve 4 as follows: To extend the piston rod 18 is applied

Patent attorney Eichelbaum · Michaelstrasse 4 · D-4350 Recklinghausen 2 Da 596a, b / 82,; . ··. ",," ^11/1 JuKi 1982

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_ the hydraulic pump 7 via line 17 and the

correspondingly switched main control unit 6, furthermore via line 12 and the first connection 1, the third connection 3 and the connecting line the piston side of the hydraulic cylinder 9. This the piston rod 18 extends.

To retract the piston rod 18, the piston rod side 14 must be acted upon by the hydraulic pump 7 and at the same time the piston side 10 of the hydraulic cylinder 9 to the tank 8 are opened. at the previously known hydraulic systems occurs • when the piston side 10 of the hydraulic cylinder is emptied 9 regularly a stagnation point at the point 19 of the main control unit 6, if you have the Connecting lines 11 and 12, omitting the new multi-way valve 4, connects. This stagnation point at point 19 comes about because the liquid volume on the piston side 10 is greater and thus the outflow velocity for the same assumed flow cross-sections is greater than at the piston rod side 14 is. The outflow time of the hydraulic fluid / on the piston side 10 in the tank 8 is the decisive criterion for the rapid engagement of the piston rod 18 and thus, for example also a decisive criterion for the screeching time for hydraulic pit lining, if the hydraulic cylinder 9 is used as a back cylinder for backing the shield and conveyor.

According to the invention this is efflux time of the _"n hydraulic fluid from the piston side 10 of the

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Patent Attorney Eichelbaum · Michael 4 · D-4350 Recklinghausen 2 Da 596a, b / 82 .5>. ">." Jvmi 1982 '[il>.'

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_ The hydraulic cylinder 9 in the tank 8 is considerably reduced by the new, inventive multi-way valve 4, whereby the piston rod 18 can be engaged more quickly. According to his role, at one Provide, e.g. 10, a hydraulic system 5 for a rapid pressure reduction or pressure relief ensure, the new multi-way valve 4 can also be referred to as a "quick relief valve".

This new multi-way or quick relief valve 4 is shown in longitudinal section in FIGS. 1 and 2 shown in two different functional positions. The same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals. This new valve 4 has a Housing 20 with the three connections 1, 2 and 3.

The first connection 1 is arranged coaxially with the second connection 2, whereas the third connection opens approximately perpendicular to it. Coaxial between the first port 1 and the second port 2 is a valve body 21 is arranged displaceably in the valve housing 20. Depending on the pressure difference between the first connection 1 and the third connection 3, the valve body 21 can be those shown in FIGS Take positions. According to FIG. 1, an increased pressure acts on the valve body from connection 1 21. In this case, the valve body 21 gives a first, relatively small flow cross-section 22 free.

According to Fig. 2, the pressurization from port 3 is higher than at port 1, whereby the Valve body 21 a second, relatively large

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Patent attorney Eichelbaum · Michaelstrasse 4 · D-4350 Recklinghausen 2 ή C

Da 596a, b / 82

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_ Flow cross-section 23 to connection 2 and thus

j to the tank 8 according to FIG. 3 releases.

The valve body 21 is cylindrical

and consists essentially of a mandrel 24 with

j 5 head 25 and external thread 26, on which a sealing ring 27, a guide sleeve 28 with a cylindrical recess 29, a relatively movable switching disk 30 and finally a rigid disk 31 are arranged one after the other in the direction from the second 2 to the first connection 1 of the valve housing 20 The stubborn disk 31 is provided with an internal thread 32 corresponding to the external thread 26 of the dome 24, whereby the guide sleeve 28 and the sealing ring 27 can be elastically braced against the head 25 of the dome 24 via the rigid disk 31, since the sealing ring 27 The rigid disk 31 has four flow openings 33 symmetrically offset by 90 to one another ^, ie in their overall size approximately the first, relatively small flow cross section 22 towards the piston side 10. The indefinite expression "approximately" is to be understood as meaning that for the first, relatively small throughflow cross-section 22, there is also the gap between the outer circumference 34 of the rigid en disk 31 and the cylinder wall 35 of the valve housing 20 is to be added, which arises due to a sliding fit. With a sliding fit of d 8 to H 7, for example, this gap is approx. 0.12 to 0.15 mm. Since this last-mentioned gap remains in place even when the switching disk 30 rests against the openings 33 according to FIG

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Patent attorney Eichelbaum Michaelstrasse 4 D-4350 Recklinghausen 2

Da 596a, b / 82

1982

- 11 -

10

20 25

the way from junction 3 to junction 1 and vice versa never completely closed, which was done with full intention stands for the invention.

Because according to this invention it is essential with regard to the rapid relief that the reflux of the hydraulic fluid from the piston side 10 of the hydraulic cylinder 9 via the connection 3 of the quick relief valve 4 to the tank 8 as quickly as possible going on. For this purpose, it is useful that the second flow cross section 23 is made as large as possible is and at the same time the path from the third to the first connection remains at least partially open, there too a partial opening - here the gap due to the sliding fit between the outer casing 34 of the disk 31 and the cylinder wall 35 of the housing 20 - to be added to the second, large flow cross section 23 is. For this reason, in terms of the definition of the object of the invention, means a tight closure of the path from connection 3 to connection according to FIG. 2 when the second large flow cross-section opens 23 in any case a deteriorated imitation of the inventive idea.

The sealing ring 27 and the switching disk 30 are advantageously made of a durable plastic, e.g. from polymethylene oxide.

In the case shown, the valve housing 20 is at the end of the second connection 2 with an internal thread 36 is provided, the clear width 37 of which is greater than the largest diameter 38 of the valve body 21. in the internal thread 36 engages with a

Eichelbaum patent attorney ■ Michaelstrasse 4 ■ D-4350 Recklinghausen 2 Da 596a, b / 82.:. "..". _: "·" ·· "· June 11, 98i

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- O-ring seal 39 sealed screw socket 40 a. This screw sleeve 40 also contains the connection 2 to the tank 8. All connections I ₅ 2 and 3 are provided with openings 44 which run transversely in the direction of arrows 41, 42, 43 for the use of known, not shown, notch clips of a plug connection.

According to FIG. 1, the connection 1 is to experience a higher pressurization than the connection 3. Since '0' pressurized fluid penetrates from the connection 1 through the openings 33 in the rigid disk 31 and moves the switching disk 30 on the cylindrical recess 29 until it comes into contact with the guide sleeve 28. At the same time, the entire valve body 21 is thereby displaced in the direction of arrow 41 until the sealing ring 27 with a valve seat 45 of the screw sleeve 40 that is adapted to its shape comes into sealing contact. In this position of the valve body 21, the pressure fluid reaches the connection 1 via the connection 3 and the line 11 to the piston side 10 of the hydraulic cylinder 9 according to FIG. 3.

When the piston rod 18 is retracted according to FIG. 3, connection 3 of the snow relief valve takes place higher pressurization than at port 1; thereby the switching disk 30 is on the cylindrical The recess 29 of the guide sleeve 28 is displaced until it is in contact with the rigid disc 31 got. Thereafter, the valve body 21 is moved so far against the direction of the arrow 41,

Patent attorney Eichelbaum Michaelstrasse 4 D-4350 Recklinghausen 2 y / f Da 596a, b / 82 ··· "; ·.":; '. *. / _! '.; "'" »June 11, 1982

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until it comes into contact with the stop surface 46 of the valve housing 20 as shown in FIG. This will at the same time the second, large flow cross-section between sealing ring 27 and valve seat 45 for connection 2 open. But the path from connection to connection 1 is by no means tight, so that over the already described, existing gap of the sliding fit, due to leakage between the Switching disk 30 and the openings 33 and between the rigid disk 31 and the stop surface 46 Hydraulic fluid from port 3 to port 1 can pass, as far as there is the pressure difference on the one hand and the large flow cross-section On the other hand, allow 23 as the path of least flow resistance.

Patent Attorney Eichelbaum · Michaelstrasse ^ -,. 0-43,5, O B.ecklinghausen 2 Yl Da 596a, b / 82 ·: * "'.« "; ···. . '. ·'! ' , * June 11, 1982

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"Automatically switching valve for the rapid reduction of a dynamic pressure in a hydraulic line"^;

Parts list :

Connection 12 3 Multi-way valve 4th hydraulic system 5 Main control unit 6th hydraulic pump 7th tank 8th hydraulic cylinder 9 Piston side 10 management 11 12 13 15 16 17 Piston rod side 14th Piston rod 18th Stagnation point 19th Valve body 20th Valve body 21 Flow cross-section 22 23 mandrel 24 head 25th External thread 26th

Patent attorney Eichelbaum · Michaelstraße 4 · D-4350 Recklinghausen Da 596a, b / 82 .... ··. , ".. ;;. ;; ··"; June 11, 1982

10 15th

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Sealing ring 27 36 43 Leadership s hü1s e 28 cylindrical recess 29 Switching disk 30th rigid disc 31 inner thread 32 Flow openings 33 Outer circumference d. rigid disc 34 Cylinder wall 35 42 clear width of 36 37 Valve body diameter 38 O-ring seal 39 Screw socket 40 arrow 41 openings 44 Valve seat 45 Stop surface 46

25th 30th

Claims (11)

Patent attorney Eichelbaum · Michaelstrasse 4 ■ D-4350 Recklinghausen 2 Da 596a, b / 82.:. '. . ".. ;;. ;; ..": June 11, 19 Applicant: Jörn DAMS Holthauser Straße 2, 4320 Hattingen-Holthausen "Automatically switching valve for the rapid reduction of dynamic pressure in a hydraulic line" 10 claims: 1. MeIrwegeventil for the return of liquids from a cylinder of a hydraulic system with a main control unit and a tank, characterized in that it has a housing (20) with three connections (1, 2, 3), of which a first (1) with the main control unit (6), ^of which a second connection (2), arranged coaxially with the first (1), is connected to the tank (8) and of which a third connection (3) is connected to a piston side (10) of a cylinder (9) , whereby under the action of the liquid a valve body (21) is displaceable coaxially between the first (1) and the second connection (2) which, when the first connection (1) is subjected to higher pressure, transfers it to a first, relative to the third connection (3) small flow cross-section (22) opens towards the piston side (10) and at the same time closes the second connection (2) to the tank (8) '"* ' Patent attorney Eichelbaum ■ Michaelstrasse 4 · D-4350 Reckiinghausen 2 *. ^Da 596a, b / 82. ... »· ,,» ·, ",, '% June 11, 1982« -> III J 1] _ and the one with higher pressurization of the third Connection Q3) this to the second connection (2) with a second, relatively large flow cross-section (23) to the tank (8) and at the same time the third (3) to the first connection (1) holds partially open to the main control unit (6). 2. Multi-way valve according to claim 1, since - r ~ * characterized in that the valve body (21) is cylindrical, at its end facing the second connection (2) a sealing ring (27) and at its end facing the first connection (1) a rigid, with the first, A disc (31) and a relatively small Darchströmqu cross section (22) forming flow openings (33) in front of it a first, small through-flow cross-section which is relatively movable on the valve body (21) (22) optionally releasing or narrowing switching disk (30) is arranged. ^fe '"""* 3. Multi-way valve according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the valve body (21) has a mandrel (24) on which, in the direction from the second (2) to the first connection (1) of the valve housing (20), the sealing ring (27), a guide sleeve (28) with a cylindrical Setback (29), on which the relatively displaceable switching disk (30) and finally the rigid disk (31) with the flow openings (33) are arranged. 30th Eichelbaum patent attorney ■ Michaelstrasse 4 · D-4350 Recklinghausen 2 CM Da 596a, b / 82,;, ".. ·· .. ··. ·; ..". June 11, 1982 ^(| ι! , c ί cc ei cc ei ccd - 4. Multi-way valve according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the mandrel (24) is a screw with a head (25) and external Thread (26) is formed on which the guide sleeve (28) has a corresponding internal thread (32) provided rigid disc (31) and the elastic sealing ring (27) can be braced against the head (25) is. 5. Multi-way valve according to claims 1 to 4, | characterized in that the valve housing (20) at one end of the first (1) or second connection (2) with an internal thread | (36) is provided, the inside diameter (37) of which is greater than the largest diameter (38) of the valve body (20) is and in which an external thread (40 ') a screw socket sealed with an O-ring seal (39) (40) intervenes. 6. Multi-way valve according to claim 5, characterized in that the screw sleeve (40) is arranged at the end of the second connection (2) of the valve housing (20) to the tank (8) and with one of the shape of the sealing ring (27) of the valve body (21 ) adapted valve seat (45)
is provided. 7. Multi-way valve according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the valve body (21) within the valve housing (20) is guided both by the guide sleeve (28) and by the rigid disc (31). | Patent attorney Eichelbaum · Michaelstrasse 4 ■ D-43J5O Recklinghausen 2 T Da 596a, b / 82 _; , ..,, .. ,, ·· «" ,, <\ H. j _un i 1982 ■> C O ti ■ · C < III · I I - 8. Multi-way valve according to claim 7, characterized in that the outer diameter (34) of the rigid disc (31) to the bore (35) in the valve housing (20) has a sliding fit for example from d 8 to H 7. 9. Multi-way valve according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the rigid disc (31) has four flow openings (33) symmetrically offset by 90 to each other, each with a diameter of 3 mm, which when the rigid disc (31) is in contact with the valve housing (20) are only partially covered by its stop surface (46). 10. Multi-way valve according to claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the sealing ring (27) and the sliding switch disc (30) made of plastic, e.g. made of polymethylene oxide, exist. 11. Multi-way valve according to claims 1 to 10, characterized in that in the valve housing (20) at the end of each connection (1, 2, 3) transverse to the flow direction (41, 42, 43) Openings (44) for inserting a notch clip of a plug connection are arranged. 25th