DE82082C

DE82082C -

Info

Publication number: DE82082C
Application number: DENDAT82082D
Authority: DE

Description

KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL

PATENTAMT,PATENT OFFICE,

Den Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung bildet ein neues Verfahren zum Entsalzen des Meerwassers, welches im wesentlichen darin besteht, däfs man das Meerwasser entweder unter künstlichem oder dem natürlichen hydrostatischen Drucke durch Holz preist, wobei das Wasser die gelösten Salze, sowie seine sonstigen Beimengungen an die Holzzellen abgiebt und als »süfses« Trinkwasser aus dem Holze austritt.The subject of the present invention forms a new process for the desalination of Sea water, which essentially consists of either using the sea water under artificial or natural hydrostatic pressures through wood, whereby the water releases the dissolved salts and its other additions to the wood cells and emerges from the wood as "sweet" drinking water.

Die Form des Holzes, sowie dessen Dimensionen sind dabei ohne Einflufs auf die Wirkung des Holzes; es sei nur bemerkt, dafs im Allgemeinen, die Splintschicht besser wirkt als der Kern und infolge dessen für das vorliegende Verfahren die wenig Kern enthaltenden Hölzer besser zu genanntem Zweck geeignet sind.The shape of the wood and its dimensions have no influence on the effect of wood; it should only be noted that, in general, the sapwood layer works better than the core and, consequently, for the present process, those containing little core Woods are better suited for the stated purpose.

Je gröfser der Durchmesser des verwendeten Holzfilters wird, desto gröfser wird die in der Zeiteinheit gelieferte entsalzte Wassermenge, während die Dauer der Wirksamkeit des Filters proportional der Länge desselben sein wird.The larger the diameter of the wood filter used, the larger it will be in the Unit of time delivered amount of desalinated water during the duration of the effectiveness of the filter will be proportional to its length.

Wie eingangs erwähnt, kann die Bewegung des Wassers durch das Holzfilter entweder durch Pumpen oder durch natürlichen Wasserdruck bewirkt werden. In beiden Fällen giebt man zweckmäfsig dem Holzfilter die Form eines Cylinders, durch welchen in der Richtung der Cylinderachse das zu entsalzende Meerwasser hindurchgeprefst wird. In beiliegender Zeichnung sind zwei Anordnungen dargestellt, von welchen die in Fig. 1 dargestellte für den Fall bestimmt ist, in welchem das Wasser mittelst Pumpe durch das Filter geprefst wird, während die in Fig. 2 gezeigte Disposition dann angewendet wird, wenn die Bewegung des Wassers durch den hydrostatischen Druck des letzteren bewirkt wird.As mentioned at the beginning, the movement of the water through the wood filter can either caused by pumps or by natural water pressure. In both cases there is one expediently the wood filter the shape of a cylinder, through which in the direction The sea water to be desalinated is forced through the cylinder axis. In attached Two arrangements are shown in the drawing, of which the one shown in FIG is intended for the case in which the water is forced through the filter by means of a pump while the disposition shown in Fig. 2 is applied when the movement of the water is caused by the hydrostatic pressure of the latter.

Fig. 3 zeigt eine Modification der Armaturen des Holzfilters.Fig. 3 shows a modification of the fittings of the wood filter.

Fig. 4 zeigt eine Filteranlage mit Pumpenbetrieb und mehreren gleichzeitig verwendeten Filterelementen.Fig. 4 shows a filter system with pump operation and several used at the same time Filter elements.

In beiden Fällen ist der Holzfilter durch einen cylindrischen Holzstamm A gebildet, dessen oberster Theil ringsum etwas konisch abgenommen ist und den eisernen ringförmigen Schuh B trägt. Dieser Schuh ist mittelst seines Flantsches b mit dem Flantsch c eines Deckels C (Fig. 1) verbunden und zwischen beiden ist ein elastischer Dichtungsring D eingefügt, der durch Gegeneinanderziehen beider Flantschen den Hohlraum E zwischen Deckel C und der Stirnfläche des Holzstammes A dicht abschliefst. Wird nun von oben her durch den Rohransatz c¹ des Deckels C Meerwasser eingepumpt, so' dringt das Wasser bei genügendem Druck durch den Holzstamm A und tritt an der unteren Stirnfläche desselben ohne Salzgehalt vollkommen rein »süfs« aus.In both cases the wood filter is formed by a cylindrical log A , the uppermost part of which is slightly tapered all around and bears the iron ring-shaped shoe B. This shoe is connected to the flange c of a lid C (Fig. 1) by means of its flange b and an elastic sealing ring D is inserted between the two, which tightly closes the cavity E between the lid C and the end face of the log A by pulling the two flanges against each other. If sea water is now pumped in from above through the pipe extension c ^{1 of} the cover C , the water penetrates through the log A if there is sufficient pressure and emerges from the lower end face of the same completely pure "sweet" without any salt content.

Bei der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Ausführungsform des Apparates ist der Deckel durch eine hohe eiserne Flasche F ersetzt, welche ebenfalls mittelst des unteren Flantsches f abgedichtet ist und oben einen verschraubten Verschlufs f¹ trägt, dessen Deckel einen Traghaken f² besitzt, an dem der ganze Apparat bis etwa 30 m tief unter den Spiegel des Meeres versenkt wird. Der etwaige Auftrieb des Apparates wird durch angehängte Belastungsgewichte überwunden. In the embodiment of the apparatus shown in Fig. 2, the lid is replaced by a tall iron bottle F , which is also sealed by means of the lower flange f and at the top carries a screwed closure f ¹ , the lid of which has a support hook f ² on which the whole apparatus is sunk to about 30 m below the level of the sea. Any buoyancy caused by the apparatus is overcome by hanging weights.

Claims

Due to the hydrostatic pressure of the sea water, the latter is pressed more or less strongly from below through the log A according to the sinking depth and enters the bottle completely free of salt and cleaned through the upper end face of the log. If the pressure is sufficient, the incoming fresh water compresses the air in the bottle and fills it up to about half its height. If the depth of the sink is shallower and the water requirement is large, the cavity of the bottle is connected to the outside air by means of a hose f * which extends from the opening / ^{3 of} the bottle to above the water level. The water can be withdrawn from the bottle with the closure open or by means of a suitably arranged water tap.

As can be seen from Fig. 3, the fitting rings B, which are attached in the constnictions shown in Fig. 1 and 2, can be replaced by the arrangement of two fitting shoes mm located at the ends of the log, the latter being replaced by the screw bolts m ^l m ^{l are held} in their relative position. Here, the log A forming the filter element is twisted off slightly conically at both ends and correspondingly sealed against the cleats m in by inserting the sealing rings η.

Fig. 4 shows the disposition of a larger filter system with pump operation, with that too Purifying water must pass several filter elements I, II, III and IV one behind the other.

This disposition also enables continuous operation by doing the longest claimed element, e.g. B. I after that time after which the log becomes filterable has forfeited, removed from the battery, the pump with the next element II directly connected and a new one is inserted in front of element IV.

It is advantageous for operation to open the shoes B , which are slightly conical on the inside, only immediately before the wood filter is put into operation, ¹ so that they sit as close as possible on the conically pointed end of the wooden cylinder A. Furthermore, it is very advantageous for the durability of the cells of the log to soak the log in fresh water before inserting the filter, but none of these details are relevant to the essence of the invention.

Sponsorship τ claims:

ι. A method for the production of drinking water from sea water, characterized in that one prefers the seawater through wood under suitable pressure, whereby the salts remain in the wood.

2. An embodiment of the method mentioned under 1., characterized in that that you have a block of wood with a bottle and this bottle with one Hose "connects and the - block with this fitting as far under the mirror of the sea water, the hydrostatic pressure lowers the sea water through the block of wood drifts into the bottle, the salts of the seawater being retained by the wood will.

1 sheet of drawings.