DE8103174U1 - DEVICE FOR HEATING AND DOSING WITH SIMULTANEOUS REMOVAL OF SOLIDS WITH GRAINS UP TO 10 MM, IN PARTICULAR COAL, AND, IF NECESSARY, FOR STORAGE RATHER THAN HEATING - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device for heating and metering with simultaneous removal of solids Grains up to 10 mm, especially coal, while maintaining practically unchanged or even slightly Reducing their moisture content, for example during agglomeration (such as briquetting and Pelletization) of various materials, and possibly for storage instead of heating.

In terms of technical or industrial, structural or industrial and large-scale operations Agricultural activity is quite often given the task of a loose, solid grain Material for drying, taking into account the moisture content generally derived from water or for other reasons to a temperature around 100 C or below 100 ° C.

A case that often occurs in practice is the hydrophobic treatment prior to briquetting hard black and brown coal mentioned; the purpose of the treatment is to keep the material under as perfect as possible and more economical conditions for wetting with an organic liquid, for example with bitumen or Tar. To prepare. .To achieve the goal set on the one hand, the material to be agglomerated must be reduced to a level which exceeds the softening point of the binder Temperature to be heated, on the other hand it is not permissible that the moisture content of the material during the warming increases, but rather is after the decrease or at least maintenance of the moisture content to strive.

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In the conventional way, including in the production of coal briquettes or semi-finished products used for road construction, the raw material is heated in such a way that the binder, which is at a suitable temperature, is mixed with the granular material to be agglomerated at the ambient temperature; In order to achieve the best possible mixing of the constituents, the mixture is heated by direct supply of steam. As a result of the condensation associated with the direct supply of steam, however, the surface moisture of the granular material is increased, which in the event of excessive binder consumption, the strength properties, the storability, the transportability and the usability of the end product | impaired, whereby this process is also uneconomical | is. ■.

A technically more perfect solution is achieved by drying the material, since in this case the reduced moisture content with the procedurally or technologically necessary higher Temperature. However, this process is extremely involved or complicated, it is demanding a significant investment and, above all, facilities with high energy requirements that need to be added to the existing Conventional devices working with direct steam supply are hardly or not at all connected can. When using the technically developed procedure, the facts mentioned increase |

also the effort associated with the product. All of these facts inhibit application in a wide range or severely restricted.

The invention is based on the object, while eliminating the disadvantages of the prior art: a device

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for heating and dosing with simultaneous removal of Solids with grains up to 10 mm, more specifically S) Me, and possibly for storage instead of heating, through which the often occurring retain their original shape during solids with grain sizes up to 10 mm that retain the warming can be heated to a given temperature, without increasing the moisture content of the material, which is relatively easy and economical as a supplement can be used in the already existing facilities or in a desolate place and with a lower operating costs and higher operational reliability is connected and through which in the given case end products of the agglomeration process technology respectively -Technology, which technically and in terms of strength and other aspects, for example the Shelf life, more perfect, with more economical and more advantageous implementation in terms of environmental protection can be achieved to create.

The invention is based on the surprising finding that the immediate heating of the material or one consisting of the material and a binder Mixing with the aid of a heat transfer medium is unnecessary and even harmful in certain respects. Even thermal drying is superfluous, since the emridatucg according to the invention defined below provides the desired Temperature can be reached in practice anyway without the moisture content increasing or decreasing the energy and cost expenditure would change undesirably.

The invention therefore relates to a device for heating and using a heat transfer medium subsequent dosing with simultaneous removal of

:> Solids with grains up to 10 mm, in particular coal, i with practically unchanged maintenance or ί slight reduction of their moisture content • and possibly for storage instead of heating, which ■: by a creditable, possibly open-topped container, expediently I with constant Cross-section in which a heat exchanger made of tubular elements I is arranged and. at its ι bottom a in the horizontal plane to a back and forth movement or alternating movement at least || one of its parts set up metering element and a closed or open t | connected to p this at the bottom Collecting / steering funnel. are attached, where appropriate

|] for storage instead of heating the heat exchanger

can fall, is marked.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, the heat exchanger is expedient arranged in a triangular division, tubular elements, the axes of which are horizontal and / or to Direction of flow are perpendicular, built up.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the j device according to the invention consists of the metering element from a box with two levels

L and one arranged between the levels of the box j slide, where the stroke length of the to-and-fro movement is given as an alternating movement of the box and the stroke length of the slide is adjustable and, if necessary, the number of strokes is continuously adjustable and the relative speed of movement of the box and slider of different size, same direction and same or in the opposite sense, as well as in the planes of the box, the width dimensions of the container are expedient bridging gaps are formed.

According to another advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, the width dimensions are correct of the column coincides with the stroke length of the box and also the distances between them are the stroke length of the box the same and the long sides of the column are in the direction of the reciprocating movement or alternating movement arranged vertically, with the column of the lower level of the box opposite the columns of its upper level are offset by one section.

According to yet another advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, the width dimensions are the column of the lower level of the box is smaller than the width dimensions of the column of its upper level.

With the device according to the invention, the material grains separated from the environment in the gravitational field with a vortex or turbulent motion Movement allowed to flow and heated indirectly with the help of the heat transfer medium during the movement. In interest the use in an extended area is advantageous for the heated material during or after it has taken place Dosing ventilated. The material is preferably heated with saturated or, suitably little, superheated Made low pressure steam.

An essential advantage of the device according to the invention is that when using the heating pre- ganges through them with the drying process engineering respectively -technology achievable moisture content can almost be achieved without the characteristic for this Having to accept additional work, whereby

at the same time the additional energy requirement compared to the conventional Facilities without drying is insignificant. The device according to the invention is much simpler and with less effort and their operational safety is much higher and the'energy saving is much greater than at the drying process facilities.

When using the heating process by the device according to the invention, the original moisture | salary does not increase, but remains at an unchanged level and can even be reduced if necessary the. . J

In agglomeration, for example in coal briquetting, the advantage is that, compared to conventional drying process equipment with a reduced amount of binding agent, an end product of better quality with more advantageous strength properties, which can also be better transported, handled and stored, is obtained. Under the conditions mentioned, the binder saving is about 1 to 2 % by weight, which results, for example, with an annual briquette production of 400,000 t, a saving of 4,000 to 8,000 t / year. In addition, the briquette produced in this way is also more favorable from the point of view of environmental protection, which should not be neglected, since the formation of smoke and soot is also lower as a result of the reduced amount of binder. i

Another advantage is that the steam heating used for heating is in a closed cycle, which in practice eliminates the loss associated with direct steam heating and the condensate

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can be recovered.

The invention is illustrated using the following exemplary presentations in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which represents a longitudinal section through an advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, explained in more detail. . ·. ...

The device shown in the figure, which expediently has a square cross-section, exists from a container 1, one formed by tubular elements 3 arranged in it and having a corresponding surface executed heat exchanger 2, a metering element 4 from a box 5 and slide 6 and a Collecting / steering funnel 7..

If necessary, the container 1 is open at the top and is used the absorption of the material during heating. At the bottom the container 1 is immediately without a narrowing of the cross section completed by the dosing element 4. The container thus has a constant cross section.

The tube elements 3, of which the part of the heat exchanger 2 arranged inside the container 1 is formed are arranged horizontally and run parallel to each other. The division is in the vertical and up the pipe elements 3 perpendicular plane triangular. The classification is based on the surface properties, both in the vertical and in the horizontal plane of the material to be heated and the heat transfer coefficient that characterizes the material.

The two main parts of the metering element 4, the box 5 and the slide 6, are used to execute a Back and forth motion or alternating

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Movement relative to the container 1 and set up against each other. Your movement is not supported by one in the figure illustrated actuating mechanism accomplished. The relative movement of the box 5 and the slide 6 can can be done in two ways: As one way, the box 5 and slider 6 move at a speed of different sizes, moved in the same direction and in the same or opposite sense and as a different possibility the box 5 and the slide 6 are in a stationary or stationary state. the The number of strokes can be regulated continuously.

The box 5 is designed with two levels, between which the slide 6 is arranged. In both levels of the Box 5 are sheet metal strips whose (perpendicular to the plane of the figure) long sides to the direction of the back and forth Movement or alternating movement of the box 5 or of the box 5 and the slide 6 perpendicular lie, arranged, between which column whose (perpendicular to the plane of the figure) long sides to Direction of the reciprocating movement or alternating movement of the box 5 or of the box 5 and the Slide 6 are also vertical, are available. The width dimensions of the successive sheet metal strips

and gaps are the same in the upper level and coincide with Ϊ the stroke length of the back and forth movement or alternating movement of the box 5. In the lower level of the box 5, the arrangement of the column is different; and sheet metal strips from their arrangement in the upper level j of the box 5 by the column of the lower level by a, section opposite the columns of the upper

> Level are offset. Optionally, the width dimensions of the column of the lower level of the box 5 are smaller than the width dimensions of the column of its upper level.

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The collecting / steering funnel 7 is under the metering element 4 arranged and adjoins this. Its function is to collect the heated material and forward. If necessary, it is used to ventilate the heated material.

The mode of operation of the device according to the invention is as follows:

The material to be heated is fed to the container 1, in such a way that the material all Tube elements 3 of the heat exchanger 2 covered. During the operation of the container 1, the material level at most fluctuate in the storage phase. The material flows at a speed determined by the metering element 4 with a gravitational movement from top to bottom in the container 1. The pipe elements 3 of the heat exchanger 2 are arranged perpendicular to the direction of the continuous flow of the material, so that the individual As a result of the constant whirling effect, grains perform a whirling movement or turbulent movement.

In the interior of the heat exchanger 2 in a closed system, water vapor is circulated or used as a heat carrier let circulate. The pressure of the saturated or slightly superheated steam is 0.15 to 0.50 MPa. The heating steam is condensed inside the heat exchanger 2, whereby the condensate is discharged and in the course of the process can be used without coming into direct contact with the heated material would.

As a result of the vortex character or turbulent

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Due to the nature of the movement of the grains of the material carrying out a gravitational movement, the grains are constantly changing their mutual position and continuously come into contact with the outer surface of the tubular elements 3, whereby they be heated. Although the container 1 is open at the top, the grains become out in the course of their movement through it The layer formed by the newly arriving grains is separated from the external environment and at the same time becomes a direct contact with the wännet-rägennediuin avoided, whereby the moisture content of the material to be heated remains practically unchanged in the course of heating. Against it the material temperature rises as it flows through the container 1 and reaches that in the system adjustable and at most about the boiling point of the surface moisture of the material.

After the already heated material has left the container 1, it falls through the in the upper level of the Box 5 of the Doslerelementes 4 executed column down on its lower level, from which it is due to the relative Movement between the box 5 and the slide 6 through the column of the lower level in the collecting / steering -Funnel 7 arrives.

The metering element 4 empties the material evenly at all points of the cross section of the container i. With regard to ensure that the given stroke length of the reciprocating movement or alternating movement of the Box 5 coincides with the width dimensions of the column of the upper level of the box 5, come the mentioned Column during a stroke with. the entire cross-section of the container 1 in contact, whereby the emptying of the material goes on unhindered in all points of the container. The amount of material left out is determined by the relative movement of the main parts of the Dosler element 4

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certainly. The amount of the metering element 4 flowing through Material can be continuously regulated between the specified upper and lower limit values.

As soon as the material reaches the collecting / steering funnel 7 via the metering element 4, it comes with a die Moisture-absorbing medium, that is, with the air, in contact, causing part of the boiling point the moisture content of the material can be released.

If desired, the heated material can be ventilated in the funnel 7, whereby the original moisture content, the physical heat content (enthalpy) absorbed during heating, can be reduced by about 3 to 4% by weight. In this way the device can be used for drying purposes.

If the facility is only used for material storage and, under given conditions, for dosing, it is constructed from the container 1, the metering element 4 and the collecting / steering door 7.

The invention is further illustrated by the following example and the following comparative examples, which differ to the production of coal briquettes, and to the same extent relate the phase preceding the pressing from their process engineering or technology, explained in more detail.

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4 example

I device according to the invention

j !; The starting data of the materials used were like

I follows:

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a) Fine-grained coal from the; Tatabanya mines

I with grain sizes up to 6 mm

i Moisture content:. 16.5 Gaw%

Temperature: '283.15 ° K

I Mean specific heat: 1 591 J / kg ° K

I b) bitumen binder.

f ■ Quality: BB-75 (liquid)

Temperature: 458.15 ° K

specific heat: 2 093.5 J / kg ° K

The fine-grained coal was separated from the surroundings'; by means of the method according to the invention and the

⁵ according to the device heated to about 373 K.

The parameters of the steam required for heating were as follows:

f. Pressure: 0.333 MPa

Temperature: 623.15 ° K

:. Heat content: 3 174 kJ / kg '.

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During the heating, the moisture content of the fine-grained coal remained unchanged, but increased at the same time the temperature to 373 ° K. Now when the coal and bitumen of a given temperature were mixed together, the mixture had a higher heat content than it would correspond to 373 ° K. This excess heat evaporated a certain amount of water from the start, in the present case 0.007 kg / kg mixture. After this Evaporation of this amount of water, the total water content was as follows:

based on 1 kg mass of the mixture 14.61% by weight

to 1 kg mass of the carbon component

based on 15.8 wt .-? 6

Comparative example A.

; · Conventional setup without drying
The output data were as in the example.

The parameters of the steam used in kneading were as follows:

Pressure: 0.275 MPa Temperature: 623.15 ° K Heat content: 3 174 kJ / kg.

It was the pit-moist fine-grain coal with the specified grain size fraction, which is based on the ambient temperature found, liquid bitumen was mixed in, whereupon it was heated to 373.15 ° K by direct steam supply

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Mixture was further mixed (kneaded). The condensate of the steam mixed with the material and increased its moisture content. After that, the total was. Moisture content:

based on 1 kg mass of the mixture 18.08% by weight

to 1 kg mass of the carbon component

based on 20.85 % by weight

Comparative example B Known freezing device The output data were as in the example.

The fine-grained coal was dried in a suitable facility before the bitumen was mixed in. As a result, the moisture content of the coal decreased as the temperature increased. The dried charcoal was made the bitumen is mixed in, whereupon the mixture is heated to 373.15 ° K by direct steam supply and the mixing process (Kneading) has ended. In this case ~ e the total moisture content was:

based on 1 kg mass of the mixture 13.11% by weight

to 1 kg mass of the carbon component

based on 14, 35% by weight

In the following table the results of the above example and the above comparative examples A and B are at Completed with the data of the bitumen used.

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example

Total moisture content in

related to

1 kg mass

of the coal part

the mix

Amount of bitumen used

in kg ^ kg mixture

in

based on the amount of bitumen in comparison example A.

example

14.61

15.8

0.078

79

Comparative example A.

18.08

20.85

0.0989

100

Comparative example B

13.11

14.35

0.075

76

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In the above example and in the above comparative examples, the inevitable heat loss was disregarded, since this is characteristic of all three cases and therefore does not influence the nature of the comparison.

From the above it can be seen that in the invention Example a much lower moisture content than in the comparative example A and approximately the moisture content achieved in Comparative Example B with much less effort was achieved.

Claims (1)

1.) Device for taking place by means of a heat transfer medium Heating and subsequent dosing with simultaneous removal of pesticides with grains up to 10 mm, in particular coal, with practically unchanged maintenance or slight reduction by their moisture content and, if necessary, for storage instead of heating by means of an upright container (1), optionally open at the top, expediently with. constant cross-section, in which a heat exchanger (2) made of tubular elements (3) is arranged and on its Floor a to-and-fro movement or alternating movement in the horizontal plane at least one of its parts set up metering element (4-) and one adjoining this at the bottom closed or open collecting / steering funnel (7) are attached, the heat exchanger (2) possibly being omitted for storage instead of heating can. 2.) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat exchanger (2), suitably in one triangular division arranged, pipe elements (3), the axes of which are horizontal and / or to the direction of flow lie vertically, is built up. 3.) Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the metering element (4 ·) consists of one with two There is a box (5) executed on levels and a slide (6) arranged between the levels of the box (5), where is the stroke length of the reciprocating motion ft · ■ ·· «· · fl or alternating movement of the box (5) and the stroke length of the slide (6) adjustable is and, if necessary, the number of strokes is continuously adjustable and the relative speed of movement of the box (5) and slide (6) of different sizes, the same direction and of the same or opposite Sense is as well as in the levels of the box (5) »appropriately the width dimensions of the container (1) bridging gaps are formed. 4o) device according to claim 1 to J, characterized in that that the width dimensions of the column coincide with the stroke length of the box (5) and also the distances between them the stroke length of the box (5) are the same and the long sides of the column on the Direction of the reciprocating movement or alternating movement are arranged vertically, with the column facing the lower level of the box (5) the columns of its upper level are offset by one section. 5.) Device according to claim 4, characterized in that that the width dimensions of the column of the lower level of the box (5) smaller than the width dimension the column of its upper level are. description