DE2236981A1 - COOKING PROCESS - Google Patents

Description

D! Pi - ING. A. GRÜNECKER "s» o MUNICH 21

DR.-ING. H. KINKELDEY _τ ., "" ,, .. ",,." ,,

Tcitfon 2971 CO / 256 / .44

DR. -ING. W. STOCKMAIR, Ae. E. <cAur in: st. or tlcii'-h Telegram ™ Munupoi Mündicr ·

PATENT LAWYERS. Telex 03-2B380

July 1972

P 4883

USS ENGINEERS AND C'JiiSULl ¹ MTS, INC. 600- Grant Street, Pittsburgh, State of Pennsylvania, USA

Eokslöschy driving

The invention relates to a rapid method for extinguishing coke »

Usually it is discharged from a coke oven Hot coke is extinguished immediately after it is discharged by spraying it with large amounts of water he on a fire truck from the furnace to a spray fire extinguishing fire transported, on there the wagon and its load by spraying the ftfioamten surface the coke with water up to the full · · s t αηΊ j ρ en quenching the coke soaked; -be ... at this one Seduction was often excessively soaked in some places, r; o d <·;!.: dor i-jl>; '; o] :: ih.Lte poro.oo coke then bit ku 20% Feucbtig-

I'mM-riiilcn H Ajfii-j.: .. r, 'Λ' ·. I. ·; i 17JVi i D, ils. In · B-mlc, MiirlIii: i ii TJi. '; ■ \ 'w. \ - Αλ-ΛΙ ιιλ \ ι \ tA7r i \ -, t η \ (> 2 \ 7

3 0 98 0.7 / 0272 BAD ORIGINAL

223S981

retains its ability.

The most favorable moisture content of coke is in the range between 2 and 4%. At levels of less than 2%. the coke tends to be fine during transport and handling Dust to disintegrate, and at levels of more than 4% the transport costs are excessive due to the water being carried high. The greatest part of the extinguishing methods used so far, however, is that the moisture content in detail with increasing total or average moisture content of the coke is subject to greater fluctuations, so that when using such coke an erratic, elusive performance due to the difficulty of calculating the exact amount of carbon of the blast furnace.

It is an important object of the invention to provide a method of extinguishing coke which, when used the moisture content to one below that with known method can reduce the achievable lying level and keep it more evenly at this lower level. Furthermore it should the invention make it possible to reduce the time required to extinguish coke in truckloads and that of extinguishing the amount of water used in a truckload of coke, thus also the amount of water evaporating into the atmosphere, to reduce.

In a method of the type mentioned, the invention provides that hot coke in form of a coke bed is distributed on a quenching surface, and that currents are so fed to an extinguishing liquid 'at spaced apart locations the coke bed, that the extinguishing liquid yot the coke bed penetrates its complete evaporation, and the coke while the steam and liquid seep through, the surrounding bed is quickly extinguished.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided that the Lör.chflache by? 5 to y) ° with respect to the horizontal gone if; I; runs forward -

309807/0272

Preferably about the more often half of the surface is in each case a coke bed lying on an inclined quenching surface with essentially uniform flows of the quenching liquid, especially water. After penetrating the coke bed, the water flows diffuse downwards the hot coke and then flow downwards under the coke on the inclined, flat surface of the quenching, while they are still unslaked Coke come into contact and this when seeping through Clear. The method according to the invention is therefore in contradiction to the previously assumed necessity to spray evenly over the bed of coke. In contrast to the previous teaching, there are shorter deletion times as well as a uniform low moisture content by charging less than the total surface area with streams of an extinguishing liquid instead of uniform spraying of the same achievable. The current or currents should be maintained until they hit the Surface of the coke not noticeably distributed or dissolved, so that it is up to complete evaporation be able to penetrate the bed to a depth of about 2.5 m. In previous processes in which the extinguishing liquid is sprayed on the entire surface of the coke bed, the evaporation is often so strong that droplets the extinguishing liquid can be pulled up into the cooling tower without ever having come into contact with the coke. In the method according to the invention, the extinguishing liquid penetrates in the form of streams to a considerable depth the coke bed and thus enables more effective extinguishing, which results in shorter extinguishing times and lower moisture contents of the quenched coke is expressed.

Further features, details and advantages of the invention emerge from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing. It shows:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a .Löschstation zum Carrying out the successful deletion process with a fire engine and one above it

30 9 807/0272

Arrangement for supplying streams of extinguishing liquid,

Fig. 2 is a view in section along the line H-II in Fig. 1,

3 shows a plan view along the line IH-III in FIG. 1,

4- a longitudinal sectional view of another arrangement for carrying out the deletion method according to the invention,

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing erasure with a single stream of extinguishing agent while the extinguishing vehicle moves in relation to it,

6 shows an enlarged cross-sectional view of a pipe branch with outlet pipes for extinguishing with several, Stream,

7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a pipe branch with an exit pipe for extinguishing with a stream of liquid, showing the relationship between the diameter and length of the outlet pipe,

8 shows a schematic oblique view to show the flow of an extinguishing liquid through a coke bed.

In the arrangement shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 there is an extinguishing car 1 guided on rails 3, which is filled with hot coke 2 to an average height of about 1 m, in the lower part of an extinguishing tower 4. This contains a pipe branch 6, on which a number of downwardly directed outlet pipes 5 sit and which is connected via a main line 7 to a container (not shown) for an extinguishing liquid. As soon as the extinguishing vehicle 1 has moved into the extinguishing tower ¹ V , essentially all of the extinguishing liquid 8 becomes the upper one within about a minute

30 9807/0272

'S

Part of the coke bed 2 lying on an inclined quenching surface 9 is supplied (FIG. 2). Inner hard) about one minute If the coke 2 is completely extinguished and then no longer contains any overheated areas where the combustion in the air could continue uniform moisture content of about 3 G-ew.% having coke via a discharge chute 10 deflated is. As can be seen from the illustration in FIG. ^1, 8, penetrates the · in the upper part of the inclined underlying coke bed supplied extinguishing liquid the bed to the base or erase surface 9 and flows downwards, sighting the arrows, where it comes into contact with coke that is still hot and then flows through this in the form of steam in the direction of the arrow Walls of the extinguishing vehicle 1. Part of the liquid flows further downward on the inclined surface 9 and occurs under the Open flap 10 through.

In the arrangement shown in Fig. 4- an extinguishing liquid 8 from a tilting container 11 is on the upper .Teil a The coke bed 2 lying inclined is poured, penetrates the coke bed up to the quenching surface 9 and then penetrates it upwards according to the schematic representation in Fig. 8. Possibly, but not necessarily, a number of spray nozzles 13 is provided, which the Spray the coke bed with the extinguishing liquid from above. In the further embodiment according to FIG. 5, the extinguishing liquid fed via a single pipe 12 of large diameter to the upper or raised part of the coke bed, while the fire truck 1 on the rails 3 in the direction of the arrow through the Extinguishing tower 4- moved through

There are numerous possible arrangements of pipes or other systems for the supply of the extinguishing liquid - so that it quickly penetrates the bed of coke and then turns into "steam"

308607 / 0272-

form flows up through_this. In some cases, the arrangement shown in FIG. 6, in which the outlet pipes 5 are ^{attached to} the top of the pipe branch 6, is advantageous. With such a design, clogging by coke dust or other foreign matter penetrating into the pipes is avoided and this ensures that the liquid leakage from the pipes takes place uniformly and begins at the same time. A sufficient liquid outlet to penetrate the coke bed is, however, also ensured with the arrangement shown in FIG. 7, as long as the linear length 1 of the outlet pipe 5 seated on the pipe branch 6 is at least three times and preferably eight times the pipe diameter d.

In a broader sense, the invention is when erasing or Quenching of hot, relatively porous material applicable, particularly in the case of a material which is used to achieve a low moisture content requires a short extinguishing time, for example to extinguish hot coke from a slot coke oven. The coke discharged from such ovens does not fall evenly onto or into the wagons and therefore does not form a uniformly thick bed of coke. Rather, the coke falls, which has a temperature of about 1000 to 1150 ° C and a density of about 430 to 530 kg / m ^ has, in irregular heaps on the fire engine, as can be seen in Fig. 8. The method according to the invention is special Applicable for this type of extinguishing, since the extinguishing liquid forms the coke bed in the form of diffusing currents penetrates quickly to the preferably inclined bottom surface, on which it forms a closed, straight line of coke finds which it is necessary to extinguish or to cool. When the liquid or its vapors flow upwards through the coke bed this is extinguished or cooled in its entirety evenly, effectively and very quickly, step while liquid in a depression between two coke heaps on the surface, it splashes on the sides of the heaps and thereby extinguishes the coke located there. Increases the However, liquid within a coke pile, so practice

309807/0272

öaö-öriqinAl

they extinguish their extinguishing effect up to the vertex. It is for the inventive method so essential that instead of the previous spraying at least one flow of liquid is used, which is able to largely penetrate the coke bed. The feeding devices, for example drilling, are to be trained in such a way that the Liquid on the bed of coke results in the least possible dispersion of the same. So the feeders are to be designed in such a way that the extinguishing liquid when it falls from the exit to the surface · of the coke bed does not dissolves to a significant extent in individual drops. It is true that every liquid tends to settle due to its surface tension To dissolve into individual droplets during free fall in a gas, however, the height of fall is not excessively great, so the current does not break down appreciably before it reaches the Coke bed hits. In practice it has changed depending on the. Ratio of length to width of the outlet pipe and the Flow velocity a height of fall of at most 3? 6 m or better of less than about 1.8 m, preferably between 1.8 and 2.4 m proved to be favorable. "In the event of an exit of the liquid via outlet pipes with a width / / length ratio of 1: 8 and with a pressure of 0.281 at In the pipe branch, a fall height of 1.8 to 2.4 m results in a satisfactory effectiveness.

In the extinguishing method according to the invention, the streams of extinguishing liquid can penetrate very deeply into a hot coke bed. For easier handling and most effective influencing of the remaining moisture content, however, an average bed depth of 0.3 to 1.8 m is recommended about "2.4 m at the highest elevations * Preferably the Average depth of the coke bed, but kept at 0.3 to 0.9 m, with about 1.4 m at the highest elevations.

The time required to extinguish a truckload of coke is a considerable problem with a slot coke oven Excessively long deletion times disrupt the rhythm of the aisle.

309807/0272

In addition, the remaining moisture content is in • certain relationship to the period of time over which the extinguishing liquid is in contact with the hot coke, since the coke, which has a density of 4JO to 530 kg / nr Greedily absorbs liquid. This is due to the fact that the gases filling its cavities are cooled down pull together. The resulting vacuum then becomes fast filled up by the liquid. The hot coke soaks up the extinguishing liquid when it is extinguished. When with the invention The method of distributing the extinguishing fluid that can be achieved is, however, extinguishing times of 45 seconds to 1.5 or even only 1 minute without Difficulty achievable, while the conventional spray method takes 1.5 to 3 minutes.

The mutual distances between the extinguishing fluid flows can in the case of a coke bed with a large surface, for example in

2
a fire fighting vehicle with a floor space of around 56 m can be an important factor. With such large surfaces, a stream penetrating the coke bed must be provided at least every 1.5 m in the longitudinal direction of the extinguishing vehicle. The distances between the downward currents should therefore not be more than 1.5 m. If, on the other hand, a stream stretched in the longitudinal direction according to the arrangement in FIG. 4 or a relatively moving stream according to FIG. 5 is used, a sufficiently large proportion of the extinguishing liquid reaches the inclined floor 9 and can then flow through the lower part of the coke bed. However, if individual tubes are only arranged above the upper half of the bed surface, they should not be more than about 1.5 m apart, preferably even less than about 1.2 m apart.

An indispensable feature of the invention is that the extinguishing liquid is in the form of a stream or surge the bed of coke falls. As mentioned above, this is in contradiction to the known teaching according to which water is relative in form small droplets sprayed wildly all over the bed of coke. However, this does not mean that the invention is a combination

309807/0272

the liquid flow through the coke bed with the spraying of the surface. According to one embodiment form, in the upper half of the surface, one penetrates the coke bed and flows through its lower half Liquid flow applied while the lower half of the ■ bed with a relatively small amount of liquid over conventional Nozzles 13 'is sprayed (Fig. 4). In practice, this is usually the spraying of the lower half of the bed of coke not necessary as it has a satisfactory extinguishing effect can be achieved within about 1 min with the flow alone. If the surface of the coke bed is particularly uneven, however, spraying will prove useful.

The outlet pressure of the liquid flow can be in wide limits, but with pressures of more than about 0.56 at in the branch pipe are not advantageous. at at such a pressure or below, the liquid penetrates sufficiently into the coke bed, while at higher pressures Pressing there is a risk that the bed of coke is moved excessively and coke particles are thrown out of the car will.

A distributor pipe with a perforated wall is not suitable for the method according to the invention. In absence of branch pipes of a certain length for holding the flow of liquid together, simple bores cause spraying of the liquid over the bed of coke are mainly lifted in the longitudinal direction of the continuous flow according to FIG. 4 Arrangements used when branching off a pipe one or more outlet pipes go out, their length at least three times, but preferably eight times theirs Diameter is. A current can thus be achieved which up about 1.8 m during the fall to the point of impact the Köfcsbistt only slightly divided ;,.

ati LÖiicM'lüssigfeeii; ,, I'm used to "Waters _% i" S * compared to * over thorn herkGiMlichea Vforfaiirem ett / eB reduced *

BATH

ΊΟ -

However, the stand is nowhere near as important as the fact that the method according to the invention can achieve a consistently low moisture content of 2 to 4% by weight in the slaked coke. The total amount of water supplied to the coke is usually around 1100 to 3000 l / t. For the penetration of a bed of coke with a maximum depth of about 2.4 m on a conventional fire engine, the ratio of the flow velocity to the entry area is decisive. In this context, the expression "inlet ^{surface 11} means the surface directly acted upon by the liquid flow. The flow impinges on the coke preferably in a flow rate of about 8000 to 24000 l / min per m ^{2 of} inlet surface. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the All or most of the extinguishing liquid is fed to the upper part, in particular the upper half of a coke bed located on an extinguishing truck with a sloping floor It is thus possible to extinguish the coke sufficiently by supplying several streams of the extinguishing liquid to the upper half of the coke bed or a continuous stream of extinguishing liquid with or without further addition of liquid.

In laboratory tests with smaller amounts of coke, it was found that when a spray nozzle is used, only a little water reaches the coke below the top layer before the top layer is almost saturated. The top layer of coke can then contain 30 to 50% moisture, while the bottom layers are still glowing. In the case of the supply of streams of extinguishing liquid according to the invention, on the other hand, the volume of water falling on part of the uppermost layer is so large that, due to the extremely short time available for this, only a small part of the water present is absorbed in the uppermost layer and the rest of the water

& Ö ORIGINAL

quickly penetrates the deeper layers.

To conduct the experiments were .13 "6 kg coal introduced ovens behe'izte in two at 1100 ⁰ C-r trial printing consisting of 75% gas-rich Pitt stubborn gh-carbon and 25% low-gas-coal Pocahontas. The resulting coke is discharged, indicated as a arranged at the center of the batch heat sensor 1000 ⁰ C. The result was about 9 kg of coke, which was filled into an expanded metal basket at a bed height of about 4-5 cm. In another arrangement, about 18 kg of coke was charged at a height of about 90 cm. The basket each had a base area of around 20 × 25 cm. The basket with the hot coke was charged with water by means of spray nozzles and, according to the method according to the invention, by means of downpipes. The downpipe used was a 1 or 1 1/2-inch pipe with a length of about 15 cm, which was connected to a 200 liter metal drum. A tendon shut-off valve was provided in each tube to control the flow. After aligning the basket containing the coke, the valve was opened and the water was thus given access to the hot coke. The amount of water consumed was determined by measuring the water level in the barrel before and after the experiment. After supplying a sufficient amount of water to extinguish the coke ^; let. the coke is drained off for 2 min. The coke, which was poured 4-5 cm high, was then divided into an upper and a lower part and the moisture content was determined for both parts. The coke poured 90 cm high was divided into four parts and the moisture content of the individual parts was determined. In some experiments the basket was moved back and forth under the stream of water. In other experiments again the water flow was supplied intermittently. The tests were carried out with one, two and four pipes emerging from the bottom of the barrel. The results of the experiments are summarized in Table 1 below. '·

309 807/027 2 BATH

4t

Table Ia

Attempt extinguishing pipe pipe basket number of pause duration ■ Gesari "-Hr. Type number size moved feed between each one feed (fall) (inch) processes feeds feed duration (spray) (see) (see) _ j )

1 F. 2 1 no 1 0 12th 12th 2 F. 2 1 no 3 40 4th 12th 'j) P. 2 1 no 7th 15th 2 14th F. 2 1 no 7th 10 1 7th 5 F. 2 1 no 5 10 2 10 F. 2 1 no 1 0 5 5 ■ ;
f F. 2 1 no 1 0 8th 8th 8th F. 2 1 no 2 15th 4 & 2 6th 9 S. 1 . 1 no 1 0 30th 30th 10 F. 1 1 no 1 0 30th 30th 11 ■ F. 2 1 no 1 0 20th 20th 12th F. 2 1 Oa 8th 10 2 16 13th F. 2 1 Yes 10 10 1 10 14th F. 2 1 Yes 1 0 8th 8th 15th F. 2 1-1 / 2 CYes 1 0 9 9 16 F. 2 1-1 / 2 Yes 1 0 7th 7th 17th S. 1 1 no 2 30th 30th 60 18th F. 4th 1-1 / 2 ü'a 1 0 5 5 19th F. 4th 1-1 / 2 no 1 0, 12th 12th

309807/0272

• 43.2 9.3 Water
(D Al humidity
top center
below (%) . t- sf \ J * J <U C 43.2 9.35 20.4 Table Ib 11.4 / 6.4 Verse.
Ur. 4-9.5 9.07 25.3 erget
(l / t) 35.3 / 40.4 Average s
humidity 1 49.5 10.4 21.6 2000 50.0 / 54.9 9.4 2 Total bed coke
time depth weight
(see) (cm) (kg) 45.7 9.38 14 _S 4 2460 46.0 / 41.5 37.8 3 12th 4-5.7 8.62 11.4 2160 39.8 / 31.8 . 52.7 4 ' 120 47 9.98 7.2 1360 0.59 / 0.46 4-5.7 5 90 47 9.43 13.6 1086 5.2 / 1.3 34.3 6th 60 47 9.43 12.9 719 10.7 / 9.6 0.52 7th 45 47 9.38 11.7 1397 38.9 / 15.5 • - 3.1 8th 5 91.4 18.19 42.7 -1240 33.3 / 42.7 10.1 9 8th 91.4 18.8 30.6 1140 14.8 / 7.7
12.4 / 6.3 ■ 26 ₉ 5 10 20th 101.6 IS, 55 26.5 4017 50.0 / 44.4
51.3 / 32.2 ' 38 ₅ ? 11 30th 91.4 18.1 17.8 3Ö41 49.3 / 28.7
45.7 / 9.3 9.8 12th 30th 91.4 18.82 14.4 1286 2.2 / 0.5
1.3 / 0.0 43 _? 8th 20th 91.4 18.32 36.4 867 11.2 / 62
7.3 / 3.5 30.5 14th 80 91.4 18.6 25.7 719 1.9 / 0.1
1.0 / 0.0 0.87 * 15 " 100 · 91.4 18.92 23.5 1740 4-9.5 / 47.8
52.7 / 28.1 6 ₅ 6 ^{:; ::::} 16 8th 91.4 18.87 42.3 1275 4-, 9 / 0.1.
0.2 / 0.0 Ö.86 * ^:;: 17th 9 78.7 1144 13.9 / 17.1 • 43.5 18th 7th 2021 11.9 / 17.1 *** 2.0 ** 19th 90 3904 15.0 5 12th

* Coke in. Bottom area not completely erased ** 15 cm high lower layer not erased Coke in the lower half smaller than 5m in the upper half,

BATH

In the industrial application d'js deletion process is a about 15 μ long and 3.6 a wide extinguishing car with a sloping from the loading side to the outlet side at an angle of 30 ° Floor, on which a bed of coke with an average thickness of about 0.45 m lies, pushed into an extinguishing tower.

The horizontal surface of the car is about 5 ^ m Along the length of the car are four rows of 1-1 / 2-inch exhaust pipes, which each have a mutual distance of about 1.05 JH, about 1.8 m above the raised side or Arranged half of the coke bed. About this will be about

1470 l / min of extinguishing water per m of inlet area until the total amount has reached around 18,900 l. The truckload of coke is completely extinguished in a minute and can be emptied into the coke bunker after two minutes without the risk of continuing to glow.

All features and advantages of the invention that emerge from the description, the claims and the drawing, including structural details, spatial arrangements and procedural steps, can both for themselves as be essential to the invention in any combination.

309807/0272

ÖAD ORIGINAL

Claims (13)

Pat ent arisj3rüche_; 1. Quick method for extinguishing coke, thereby eichnet marked that hot coke in the form of a Coke beds are distributed on an extinguishing surface and that at least one stream of extinguishing liquid is connected to each other distant places is fed to the coke bed in such a way that the extinguishing liquid the coke bed before it is complete Evaporation permeates and the coke "seeps through the .Vapor and liquid through the surrounding bed quickly is deleted. .. - 2 *. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the erasing surface is at 25 to 35 ° to the horizontal runs inclined " ⁷ j, A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized gekennz ei seframe that the coke bed an average depth of o, 3 to "I ₅ 8 and a maximum depth of 2.4 m has. 4. The method according to at least one of claims 1 to J _5, characterized in that the extinguishing liquid is supplied in an amount of 8000 to 24000 l / min per m of inlet area. 5. The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 4 _S characterized ei chnet that the. hot coke is extinguished for a period of 45 to 90 seconds. 6. ■ method according to at least one of claims 1 to 5? characterized in that the stream of extinguishing liquid over a pipe with a diameter of one to dx'ei Inches and one at least three times the diameter Amount of length is supplied. 7. The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that ζ ^e k ^e η η ζ calibrate η e \ ;, that the extinguishing surface 309 8 077 0 2 ^ 7 2 ■ BATH ORIGINAL J *! T3O ÖA3 at least partly due to the floor, which is inclined by 25 to 35 ° of a Schie-non-Lörjchwagens is formed. 8. The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 7 » characterized in that the quenched coke retains a moisture content of 2 to 4% by weight. 9. "Ancestors according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that gc Ir ν. Η η ζ calibrate not that the hot coke a Temp ο rat πι- from about 1000 to II50 and a density of about 4 32 to 529 kg / m ⁵ h & t. 10. The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the hot coke several .l'lüssigkoits are supplied via pipes, which are not more than 1.5 m apart from each other, are between one and three inches in diameter and at least eight times the diameter in length, and maximum (ms 3) 6 iü are arranged above the coke bed. 11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that g.e k e η η, that the pipes are arranged no more than 1.2 m apart. 12. The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the Löschflä.che at least in part through the sloping floor of a rail-lounger is formed and the liquid flows at least the upper half of the surface of the inclined Coke beds supplied v / ground. 13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that g e k c η η ~ calibrate η ct that at the same time as the supply of streams of the solvent fluid: rhc.it v / m · upper half of the coke bed, the lower half of the coke bed is sprayed with extinguishing fluid. - ^: 309807/0272 'Vi-. Method according to at least one of claims 1 bia "IJ 'characterized in that the Ltfijcli.flüßsi £ y ~
water and in a range of "140 to 3030 1 per tonne of shark coke in several streams with flow velocities of 8000 to 24000 l / min per m ¹ " of inlet area: i / irc 309807/02 7 2 Lee rsei \ BATH ORIQIMAL