DE7928794U1 - STAIRWAY - Google Patents

Description

PATENT Attorney DIPL.-ING. GERD UTERMANN 71 HEILBRONN. POST BOX 3525, CABLE: PATU. TEL. (07131) 82828

Kill.anstraße 7 (Kilianspassage) \ Deutsche Bank Hellbronn: 364364 Handelsbank Heilbronn: 23080 S Kreiasparkeeee Hellbronn: 700Γβ Postscheck Stuttgart: 43016-704

Utility model registration N 10. 2 2 D 142

October 9, 1979 / IS

Applicant: NEUCON Maschinen- und

Bausysteme G.m.b.H and Co.

Limited partnership »

Steinäckerstraße 11
D-71 Heilbronn-Böckingen

Name: stairs

Description:

The invention relates to a staircase with wall ends wall anchors provided for the steps and with vertical support rods in the stairwell or on the side of the staircase facing away from the wall, on which clamp brackets are screwed to the steps are clamped and with bolt connections between the steps.

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There are a large number of previously known stair constructions for so-called self-supporting or open stairs, where the steps are installed without risers. For the Suspension is a variety of supporting structures known, on the one hand on the stairwell wall or an equivalent Support structure support the steps and, on the other hand, provide suitable support means in the stairwell. Included Height-adjustable spacer bolts arranged between the steps have also been used in many cases. Except for others There are reasons for the desire to reduce the size of the connections to the wall for reasons of sound and installation technology and to reduce their number led to different constructions.

In the early published DE-OS, -AS and -PS 15 09 (Kenngott) describes and protects a completely self-supporting flight of stairs, which is elegant on both sides of the steps has acting support beams with the inclusion of rigidly arranged bolts. The exemplary embodiments described are very complex in terms of production technology and assembly, corresponding to the early publication date.

The CH-PS 492 849 (G. Thumm) shows a similar one Flight of stairs, in which to prevent sideways swinging one or more tabs are provided between the steps and the stairwell wall. On the carrying behavior This production and assembly technically quite complex and very heavy stairs have these tabs, their exact Positioning and anchoring are not dealt with, no influence, so that neither production nor material costs still assembly to be improved.

Another proposal dealt with in DE-OS 27 48 039 (Kenngott) sees one on the side of the steps facing away from the wall Bolt chain and, in larger areas, twist-proof clamps on a stairwell wall or the like. Proposes but then to bridge those that are not sufficiently sustainable Wall parts have a flexible and rigid bracing of the one

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Step ends in front of adjustable screw bolts with adjustable length pressure elements. This for the Window area or the like. The intended construction is already quite cheap in terms of manufacture and assembly and in terms of material. However, the load-bearing behavior is quite complex and different in different areas of the flight of stairs and this makes it difficult to record and take into account, so that with a relatively large amount of security and a corresponding effort must be worked.

Another from DE-GM 68 08 573 (H. Tenz) known ■ preppen construction looks on the wall side for each step O a support bracket anchored with stone dowels on which Each step is screwed tight, and vertical support rods in front of the stairwell, which extend through the steps. This staircase is quite difficult and time consuming to assemble. Because an exact height positioning of fastened with stone dowels L-irons and above all the threading of the steps onto the vertical ones, which also have to be welded to supporting devices Support rods mean an unjustifiable assembly effort, this staircase has no entry into the practice found and was unable to give any suggestion for improved staircase constructions.

ν Finally there is the ^ reppe, which has proven itself in practice

according to DE-OS 26 58 551 (Neueon) to call, in the im Stairwell vertical support rods are provided on which the steps are clamped with clamp brackets. For the On the wall side, various anchors are known, in particular a bolt between two steps and the common one Screw connection of the bolt to a wall anchor, which is let into a stairwell wall hole, or the bridging of openings with two bolts one behind the other. There are no pressure elements between the steps available. The support also shown is welded together in a staircase Pipe construction is complex to manufacture. Here's about most of the run

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to consider each step as a pure bending beam between two end supports. Mainly natural wood steps are used. A relatively large number of wall anchors and, at the same time, a large number of terminal brackets are required. Finally, the treated welded construction for forming the vertical support bars is making technically complicated because a lot of manual welding and especially grinding and cleaning work anfällt.Auch are height adjustable and connecting multi-storey support rod elements and anchoring the same solved quite costly to the _building's because not warde recognized that You can dispense with a large number of connections by further linking steps, wall anchors and support rod fastening.

These writings and other constructions show a multitude of solutions to individual problems and known elements that are always used in new stair constructions will. The constructions with vertical support rods on the staircase wall or the like facing away from the step end, So in the area of the stairwell, especially in the case of U-shaped trainings, they lead to a large, difficult one to be transported structural unit that requires the use of several transport people and trucks. One the constantly rising costs for material, especially wood and natural stone, as well as personnel, especially specialist staff for production, personnel for transport and assembly along with the corresponding travel times Up to now, it has hardly been possible to find a solution in the future. The aim here is to optimize a majority as a whole together with significant elements an improvement can be created.

The invention is based on the object, through a modified support system with favorable support behavior, the production of the individual parts for large series and, above all, the

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To simplify and accelerate assembly and work processes that require fewer skilled workers in the entire production process to have.

"According to the invention, the one mentioned at the beginning is for a staircase
Kind of provided that on either side of the steps between
a rigid, height-adjustable bolt connection is provided for each step and it is screwed tightly on the wall side only under 1 every second, third or fourth step, independent of the bolt connections and sound-insulated
Wall anchors are provided and the clamping brackets clamped to the support rods are only provided at individual steps
are, preferably on those that do not have wall anchors.

With this solution, it was found that by designing largely rigid beams on both sides of the stairs in the | Interaction with multiple supports and above all | the alternation of the attack of the supports on the two
Sides of the steps, a spatial support system is created,
which requires significantly lighter, rigid tensioning elements and significantly fewer individual anchoring of the steps and at the same time the high torsional loads conventional stairs without anchoring supports. _t The anchors are now inde- by the bolt connections | dependent and, therefore, access is generally not mr, v, _r j_ _m g _s _ j rich weakened by the bolt connection Tragbalken- [ 'parts, but instead of that i at a low torque running relative to the changing of the Widerstaidsraomenten lead respective cross-sections. So on the one hand material
can be saved and on the other hand, materials can be used with
lower basic strength can be used for the steps, so that the options for the material of the steps are reduced; be enlarged. The independence of the VJandanker from
the bolt connections and the lack of necessity, respectively
Wall anchors can be provided under very specific steps
this also applies to load-bearing walls with different local

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Strength can be easily fixed by the assembly staff in accordance with the local conditions at points of sufficient strength of the wall or other supporting structure with just one screw and, if necessary, a single dowel. At the same time, the number of clamping brackets that have to be tightened with sufficient force is reduced, which on the one hand saves material and time for production, but above all time for assembly. This saving is greater than the cost of an additional row of bolts, since the bolts with their associated parts can be produced extremely inexpensively in series production and a bolt was already common in any case. This is inter alia made possible by having rigid bolt connections are provided on both sides in threaded ^ m sense, but the flexural strength must not be so great together with the transverse bending strength of the levels that they fs a full flight of stairs or a very large part of the staircase to is able to carry what was necessary with previous, bilateral flexible beam n-support system. A staircase is created by combining and optimizing several elements, some of which are known for themselves, in a new arrangement and assignment to one another, the individual parts of which are transported by a fitter on a car trailer to the entrance of the building and unloaded alone and without further helpers can assemble over two floors in one day.

It is now possible to use steps made of chipboard for such a staircase with a complex load, especially those that are provided with strong veneers. The chipboard can consist of several Panels glued together, but in particular made of one-piece, with corresponding different layer thicknesses- ' made of thick chipboard. On the other hand, you can also use layer-glued stone steps, especially from Natural stones or similar-looking artificial stones or agglomerate stones use steps in which the use the diversity of these materials due to the favorable

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there are hardly any limits to the design.

In the course of optimizing the manufacturing, transport and assembly conditions, special attention must also be paid to the support rod construction. In the DE-OS 26 58 551 and practical uses according to this Offenle- ₍ citation and comparable other known- constructions, vertically arranged support elements with preferably round support rods are used for the clamping elements Round bars or round tubes welded together. Depending on the layout, L-shaped or U-shaped basket elements are also possible. These fully factory-made baskets can only be transported on trucks and require at least two people to transport them into the stairwell To provide bars that transmit compressive forces downwards, the free buckling length of which does not exceed the permissible dimension. For this purpose, square tubes are generally used, while the crossbars are rectangular tubes welded. Since they are the same width, the welds have to be sanded and plastered manually. Because of the different shapes, the welds cannot be made by machine. For such work are learned and checked ·? Welders and other people are required who are ready and able to carry out the manual grinding and plastering. Accordingly, not only the training costs but also the manufacturing costs are considerable. In order to achieve simplifications in the production process of the individual parts in the sense of the overall task, a further advantageous embodiment provides that the vertical support rods are components of a frame screwed together from vertical square tubes and upper and lower flat rectangular hollow profiles, between which are welded as clamping rods, vertically extending Round tubes are arranged,

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to which the clamping brackets are attached. The vertical square tubes are mainly responsible for the transmission the compressive forces. Since they are screwed to their connections with the upper and lower hollow profiles, there is no need for manual welding and hand sanding work. Machine writing parts can be used by semi-skilled persons. can be easily installed. The round tubes can then be put on an automatic welding machine Weld in inexpensively and thus result in securely held together frame parts in which the screw connections are only one are of secondary importance, since only compressive forces are transmitted. The weld seams can be attached with Cover caps made of plastic in order to achieve an appealing image and still do without cleaning work. Flat rectangular hollow profiles, which are lower than wide, can therefore also be used for multi-storey stairs, because the crossbars of the frame are to be screwed together directly lying on top of one another and then one provide sufficient rigidity to support that of the clamping rods absorb coming tensile forces as bending forces of the crossbars. They are used as pure compressive forces on top of each other aligned square supports removed from the floor of the lowest storey.

In the case of angle or Ü arrangements of support bar frames, these are expediently screwed into the corners with inserted corner connectors. This has to be done on the construction site so that the part ** ⁵ Is flat frames are easy to transport. For the joining together of the frames and the height adjustment of all frames of a single or multi-storey staircase, round tubes provided with coarse threads are appropriately screwed into the lower ends of the square tubes, which are clamped to the crossbars with external nuts and have height-adjustable plate foot screws inside. In this way, the frame connection of the lower main support tube is created with one and the same element and at the same time the supporting force is transferred to the ground in the shortest possible way. Such a construction allows one

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sufficient height adjustment for the entire structure. the Screwed parts can be manufactured inexpensively as automatic turned parts.

Another significant cost factor is the ® Assembly stairs represent the necessary handrails, which were previously made by hand from straight wooden or steel rods can be transported in finished lengths and laboriously assembled. For the optimization of the manufacturing and assembly steps Another advantageous embodiment provides that the anchor rods and clamping brackets are used for the suspension anyway The steps are required, also used to form a handrail that is easy to assemble that clamping brackets are clamped to the clamping rods at handrail height and carry clamps, which clamp a textile rope stiffened with steel cores. Due to the combination effect of a certain Reinforcement effecting steel in the textile rope and the firm clamping in solidly mounted clamps is created a sufficiently rigid handrail, which is sufficient even with relatively few fastening points Support, also for handicapped people and children, permitted,

which up to now could not be achieved with a normal textile rope. Against that from DE-GM 79 01 946 known handrail element for stairs with a slightly flexible metal tube, which is foamed with soft integral foam, offers the use of a Steel stiffened TextilseSes a substantial improvement, because special elements of a certain length are not made from complex a pipe and a screw nipple and then to be foamed in a complex foaming process need, but ropes made in great lengths can be used continuously for the entire flight of stairs. The many joints are eliminated and the assembly times are very cheap. Kan can even use such ropes with each one, preferably one attached to the terminal console Fasten angle bracket or a corresponding fitting screwed screw. These should be very deep threads

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have, i.e. a large difference between the core diameter and the thread tip diameter, such as carr sseries screws or chipboard screws. The corridors will wipe the otahl souls screwed in. In addition to the consoles, standard commercial parts can be used for the entire handrail will. The handrail is also within easy reach thanks to its textile surface material and the lack of joints and bells.

When assembling the stairs, the wall anchors are according to the invention greatly reduced in number. In addition, the construction is made so that you can adapt to the strength conditions on the wall. However, it should

ι it happens that the masonry, for example with hollow bricks or porous clay bricks, is not sufficiently load-bearing, so the simple dowel fastening needs Wall anchors do not have to be dispensed with when the wall anchors

with metal expansion anchors or other expansion and clamping anchors in wall anchoring holes filled with high-strength quick-binding cement are arranged. You then only need a large hole about 65 mm in diameter at about in Drill the point in question, fill it with the quick-setting cement and after a short time can do that Drill the dowel hole and have for the dowel and the wall anchor

a fastening equivalent to a concrete wall, which supports the ( ) forces acting on the surrounding masonry over a large area, which has lower strength values, transmits in such a way that breakout is prevented. The problems that this Anchoring, aligning and embedding in the flooring of a top one

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Cause stair step can be used with the new type of Avoid hanging the steps by creating the top slope at the exit from the ceiling. To a To be able to achieve precise alignment and the same incline, one can see an expedient height-adjustable device held on screws Angle rail in front.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained and described in more detail below with reference to the drawings.

Show it:

Fig. 1: The perspective partial view below the top Part of a flight of stairs of a double spiral staircase;

Fig. 2: The partially schematic floor plan of the stairs, the detail of which is shown in FIG. 1;

Fig. 3: A vertical partial section along the lines 3-3 in Figs. 1 and 2 through two step ends with their bolt connection and the offset wall anchorage with a screwed under, from Bolt independent angle;

Fig. 4: A vertical partial section along the line 4-4 in Fig. 2 through the support rod structure, wherein only one of the steps behind the plane of the drawing is indicated;

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Pig. 5 '· A partial horizontal section along the line 5-5 in Figure 4 through the corner connection of the support bar frame parts;

Pig. 6: A representation corresponding to FIG. 2 of a further exemplary embodiment for a staircase floor plan :

Fig. Ii A in Figs. 2 and 6 corresponding illustration of a further embodiment of a staircase with a modified plan.

The one in the. Fig. 1 to 5 shown stairs 20 has in Staircase 21 a U-shaped basket 22 in plan, which consists of three frames 22.1, 22.2 and 22-3. The steps are as can be seen, steps on a curved staircase. she consist of chipboard. These are glued together from either three or four layers of wooden panels, the individual panels have a greater density in their edge zones, so that the steps are higher in several levels Strength-showing, double-glued layers result. Another advantageous solution provides for single-layer steps Chipboard about 65 mm thick, glued with Kauramin. These strong chipboards or the multilayered ones Glued panels are veneered on all sides with face veneers 23 made of natural wood approximately 2 mm thick, including on the end faces after they have been cut to size. After surface sanding and pickling in the desired They are provided with a hard-wearing, transparent synthetic resin topcoat.

In. Area of the leading edges 24.1 are at distances A from the the staircase wall 27 facing short sides 24.2 of the steps 24 screwed in from below threaded sleeves 24.5 and / or glued. These have an internal thread in the range of M 10 to M 16. The sleeves are not sufficient through the top veneer so that the fastening cannot be seen from above. However, they are sufficient with that

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Step anchored in order to achieve a largely rigid connection between two steps via the bolts 26. The threaded sleeves 24 ..5 in the area of the stairwell 21 are at a distance B .von the step head sides 2 ¹ IO. As can be seen. lies in the area of each step front edge 24.1 on each end a bolt 26. These bolts 26 extend in the respective lower step 24.7 through a through hole 24.9. For the tensile restraint, a threaded rod 7.5.1 is provided with an external thread at least at both ends, but optionally over the entire length, the upper end of which can be screwed more or less deeply into the threaded sleeve 24.5 according to the actual distance between the steps. A large washer 26.2 and a nut 26.3, preferably designed as a cap nut, are provided under each step 24.7 below. However, a long screw with a countersunk head and a corresponding countersunk hole washer can also be provided for a smoother design of the lower surface; a hexagon socket or another profile hole that allows a favorable socket grip is expediently provided in the countersunk head.

A> large washer 26.4 rests on the surface 24.71 of the lower step 24.7 in each case. A pressure tube 26.5 is supported on this, the inner diameter of which is slightly larger than that of the tension bolt 26.1. Its length is slightly greater than half the distance between the steps, which is about 11 to 13 cm. A coarse external thread is rolled up at the upper end of the pressure pipe 26.1. In addition, the shaft is smooth so that cleaning equipment does not get caught on it, an upper pressure pipe 26.6 is screwed over the lower pressure pipe 26.5, which bridges the rest of the distance between the steps and has an internal thread corresponding to the rolled up threaded head of the lower pressure pipe 26.5, which is introduced with sufficient length to bridge all possible distances by simply screwing them together and apart, without the lower external thread becoming visible. The upper pressure

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tube 26.6 rests on a large washer 26.7 below the lower surface 24.81 of the respective upper step 24.8. So is through two screwable pressure pipes between the steps and a screwed in, tightly tensioned tension rod create a largely rigid connection between the two Steps created, although the outer diameter of the top Tube is only about 21 to 25 mm, so the appealing Image of the stairs doesn't bother you. Such tensions have been known for a long time from spiral staircases and have been with larger diameters have been used between steps. In doing so, however, they always had the full burden of one vol1 to carry sufficient rigid bracing, which is why they had to be made very large and expensive. Here they are much slimmer. That is possible, because the flight of stairs is often additionally supported by very simple supports on both sides. These are, however, independent of the bolt tension, so that they are in each case according to the load conditions and the local assembly options are optimally positioned can.

On the stairwell wall side are for this support, provided Some form of wall is available nearby, wall anchors are provided. If there is a stairwell wall directly j is not available, other supports or Anchors are provided where necessary. Here are the wall anchors as an advantageous embodiment 30 L-shaped angle pieces 30.1 are provided, which have a width of about 40 to 50 mn and a length on the wall of the short leg 30.2 of about 80 mm and under the step a length of the horizontally lying leg 30.3 of about 120 mm. These angles 30.1 made of steel are on the step leg 30.3 with a rubber-elastic Support 31 of about 3 - 4 mm thickness and suitable? Hardness for the sound insulation and nevertheless adequate support. In the foremost end area of the horizontal Leg 30.3 a through hole 30.4 is provided.

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In this is a soundproofing washer 31.2, which has a projection 31 · 3 reaching into the bore 30.4. A washer 32.2 lies on top of it. Through these two The shank 32.1 of a hexagon head screw 32, which is preferably a self-tapping chipboard screw, extends across the washers is designed and has a shaft diameter of about 6 to 8 mm. The wall anchor is soundproofed screwed under the step 24. It should be noted that the distance A of the axis of the bolt 26 from the Step face 24.2, taking into account the diameter of the disk 26.2 of about 40 to 50 mm, is chosen so that with the mentioned or another length of the leg 30.3 the wall anchor can also be fastened directly next to a bolt 26 if this is absolutely necessary. This should be avoided for reasons of homage loyalty. However, it may occasionally be necessary due to the load-bearing capacity of the wall.

The wall anchor 30.1 is here for example with a metal Heavy-duty dowel 33 screwed tightly in wall 27. The machine thread screw 33 · 1 protrudes with its shaft through a vertically extending elongated hole 30.5 in the vertical wall legs 30.2 of the wall anchor 30.1. A washer 33 · 3 lies under the head 33-4. The head here is also a hexagon head, so all fastenings come with ordinary open-end wrenches or socket wrenches and Ratcheting, i.e. common tools.

The wall anchor 30 can. be displaced laterally and are aligned slightly in height to be able to make corrections in smaller Ausrechnungs- and ^r oritionierungs- and Bohrfehlern. The fastening in the wall can be done, for example, with wooden frame constructions with appropriate wood screws. Heavy-duty dowels can be attached directly to concrete walls. Conventional dowels can also be attached to normal solid brick masonry without any problems. For hollow brick, hollow cement block

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stones and also larger porous clay hollow stones, the local load can become too great, if only one Screw connection with a dowel is chosen. To simplify the moilfcage however, such an attachment is preferable in order to ensure that all wall attachment points are the same To be able to use wall anchors. In places where the load-bearing capacity is not sufficient, it is therefore very easy to insert larger hole 27.2 of, for example, about 65 mm in diameter drill and fill this with a fast-setting cement 27.3. This is also in the cavities 27.4 pressed. The quick-setting mortar or quick-setting cement hardens in a few minutes. Then you can yourself in the case of inaccurate positioning of the large original hole

C a precisely determined location such as a dowel hole in concrete be drilled. This means that rapid assembly is also possible on walls with poor load-bearing capacity in otherwise unsuitable locations possible without any problems. Instead of the downward facing vertical ones Leg 30.2 can be made to point upwards if you work very precisely, so that they pass through the step are largely covered. However, subsequent alignment work is then only possible with great difficulty. Usually the Legs covered with plaster anyway. The wall anchor can be painted to match the wall and / or stairs. If you want to do without the quick, simple screw and dowel connection, you can also use wall anchors in holes cement. As can be seen only under every second

(Step 24 a wall anchor 30 is attached. The top step is never connected to the ceiling 56. She has one to give her a bit of support Vie it er en wall anchor 30.

On the other hand, in the area of the head ends 24.3 of the steps facing the stairwell 21 or a free side of the room 24 a pin chain is provided on the one hand at a distance B from the end face .1.3, which is designed in the same way is as shown in Fig. 3 for the outside. Clamping brackets 25 are also provided under individual steps. As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, these are essentially provided at those stages where on no anchoring is provided on the wall side. They are shown here as being at every other stage. Of the

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Distance B is chosen so that the brackets 25 can also be fastened directly next to a bolt 26. As a rule, however, they are found elsewhere under the level | lying area. The clamping brackets 25 are known per se. «They are preferably produced in a profiled aluminum casting in such a way that they have an upper flat surface 25.1 with which they lie directly under the step 24, if necessary with a soundproofing layer in between. A fastening screw 25.2, preferably with a hexagonal head "is threaded through a lying at the inner end of the bore in the underside of the stage. The clamping bracket is separated at least in the area of the clamping rod 35 by a vertical joint, so that it has two approximately half-shell-shaped parts that are placed around the round clamping rod 35 and with a horizontal screw 25-3 immediately next to the clamping | rod 35 are clamped together to clamp the clamping bracket 25 in the desired height and angular position, so | that then the screw 25.2 can be screwed in.

The clamping brackets 25 transmit forces directed vertically downwards to the clamping rods 35. These are in the frame | men 22.1, 22.2 and 22.3 of the basket. As can be seen from FIG. 2, these frames jj have ^{square tubes 40 which are perpendicular to the ends and are at a small distance from H} and have external dimensions of, for example, 40 × 40 mm. They are connected to lower cross members 41 and upper cross members 42. The lowest cross member 41 flies at a short distance from the floor 43 of the basement, usually the basement. To support the entire frame 22, foot screws 44 are used, which have a lower positioning pin 44.1 which is inserted into a bottom bore 43.1. A pressure plate 44.2 ensures a good support of all forces on the floor 43. The cup screw 44 has a sufficiently long rolled up threaded head 44.4 in its upper area. It is screwed into a connecting round tube 45, which has a long internal thread 45-1 of a suitable size. This connecting round pipe has a lower fastening

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sentence 45.2. This protrudes through a matching hole 41.2 in

the lowest cross member 4Ll and carries in its under ρ area an external fine thread on which a nut 45.3 is screwed that the lowermost cross member 411 against the end face of the square tube 40 presses firmly. For this purpose, the connecting round pipe is in its upper area with a cross through countersunk head screw 45.5 in the square tube 40 screwed tight. A compensating ring 45.6 fills the space between the outer diameter of the connecting round pipe 45 and the inner walls of the tube 40. A similar centering ring 45x7 ensures precise alignment at the bottom of the square tube 40 on the cross member 4l.l of the same width. The () cross member 41 is the same from a flat rectangular hollow profile Width, so for example 40 mm width and much smaller height, for example about 20 mm, with a Wall thickness of about 2 to 2.5 mm formed. This screw connection of the parts does not have to bear excessive forces, because the main forces. as compressive forces over the square tube 40, the flat rectangular hollow profile of the lowest QuerhQtaiens 41.1 and the large nut 45.3 on the connecting round tube and from this via the threaded head 44.4 to the height-adjustable cup screw 44 and from this via the disk 44.2 is transferred to the floor 43. This screw connection consists of automatic turned parts and can be assembled by women during assembly so that welding and grinding work are not required and still there is a perfectly clean connection of the angled pipes. A similar training is provided on all bottom square tubes and feet of a frame or basket in the stairwell or on the side of the room. All other connections of square tubes 44 with crossbars 42 or 41.3 are made with a simple cylinder screw connection each 46, which has an outer diameter which corresponds to the inner spacing of the walls of the square tube 40 and which is screwed tight with a cross screw 46.2 each in the square tube. A vertical screw 46.3 secures the immovable connection with the Querho "i..i. Kraft-

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Transfers do not take place via this connection part because, like aas Fig. 4 can be seen, the square tubes of several floors immediately stand on top of each other. The flat, rectangular crossbars are used to form multi-storey frameworks with support rods 4l and 42 superposed frames or baskets placed directly on top of one another, as shown in FIG. 4 and with through bolts 47 screwed. So the moments of resistance complement each other the flat hollow profiles to a well-stiffened square profile. This has sufficient strength in order to bend with the resulting from the clamping rods 35 To be loaded tensile forces. Due to the large height adjustment in the lowest area, all occurring Construction tolerances can still be compensated for without any problems, so that previously provided in the area of the individual floor ceilings Height adjustment devices on sufficiently rigid crossbars can be dispensed with.

Two cross bars and two square tubes are screwed together at the factory. Thereafter, the clamp rods 35, which are tubular here, can be used at the corresponding points on an automatic welding machine with the weld seams 35 x 3 are welded. All square tubes and clamping rods are, as can be seen from FIG. 4, arranged in alignment one above the other. The outermost clamping bars are to shorten the free buckling length screwed to the square tubes by means of a screw 47 and a spacer tube 47-1. This screw connection can also be used by semi-skilled workers

be created at the factory. The welds 35-3 are of preferably two-part cover caps 35.4 made of plastic.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 5 it can be seen in particular from FIG. 2 that the three frames 22.1, 22.2 and 22.3 together form the basket 22 of support rods. Such baskets were previously welded together and were therefore heavy to transport. Now, according to FIG. 5, in each of the corners there is a connection with a fitting inserted into a pipe flat connecting screw piece 48 is provided, which with a cross screw 48.1, which is preferably extends through both walls, is attached. Becomes perpendicular

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to attach the other spar 4l.4 one of his two ^?

Wall-penetrating countersunk head screw 48.2 only in the staircase ,

house dusted. So the three frames can be trans- |

be ported. The connection on the construction site costs f

little time and the insert 48 is inexpensive as standard | and can be done at the factory by semi-skilled persons | A cover cap 41.5 made of plastic closes the end face of the one transverse panther 41.4. ?

I After the entire staircase has been assembled, a handrail must also be attached. Until now, this was usually attached to the stairwell wall. Straight or slightly curved wooden handrails came into question for this. There were also flat irons on it
Appropriate straps mounted and with plastic handrails
overdrawn. On the one hand, this is very time-consuming and costly
and on the other hand, the handrail sits on the side where it is.
is not so important. because there the steps are sufficiently wide. In the area of the stairwell, however, the steps are pointed, so that a support on a handrail is often necessary, in any case sensible. Such handrails had to be
handcrafted individually. Now offers
a new, extremely simple solution considerable
Advantages in that small clamping brackets 51 are attached to the clamping rods 35 at suitable intervals and at a suitable height
will. These are designed in the same way as the large stair step clamping brackets 25 and have half-shells with which
they are stretched around the clamping rods 35. A clamping screw 51 · 1 each clamps the shells together. Are frontal
in the embodiment with screws 51.2 vertical
Arms 52 screwed on. A corresponding fitting of a
Clamping bracket could achieve a similar purpose, viz
to have the handrail at a distance from the bracket mounting. To the
upper ends of the arms are sheet metal clamps 53 with here only as
Screws 53.1 marked with a dashed line tightened tightly. she
wrap around a handrail rope 54. This is useful
of individual steel wires, which are surrounded by textile fibers made of natural materials or synthetic materials and have been beaten to a rope \. One reinforced with steel souls
Rope offers a certain degree of stiffness, but can be _:

./20

N 10. 2 D 142 19-9-79 / IS

• ·· · · »with it

•> · ■ I. P ti

ft ft · ■ ·· t «« ·

· ■ · ■ ·· t ·

■ t · t ft ■■■ ·· I «·

- 20 -

In accordance with the spiraling of the stairs, it can simply be bent in several levels. The clamps 53 can be in the Adjust the angular position accordingly. You are then stretched very tightly lying around the rope 54, so that a mutually stiffening effect between the console

tion and the rope results and thus sufficient rigidity for a solid handrail is guaranteed. Instead of the clamps 54 can also from below between the Steel wire screws are screwed with deep threads. The arms 52 are bent to angles or Strand the fittings with vertical through holes. The handrail is now extremely easy and quick to turn on To assemble on the spot without manual preparatory work to be done in the factory or on the construction site, there the ropes, which are expediently provided with a protective hose at the factory are coated, to be cut only to length and to be provided with an end cap or the like to need,

With assembly stairs that have been customary up to now, the top step is placed on the platform or the floor ceiling and anchored with it in order to have a uniform structure of the stair support system at all steps. However, such a construction requires a considerable effort in alignment and assembly in the area of the uppermost steps. In the case of the staircase according to the invention, it only rests on the bed of the lowest storey, otherwise it is anchored to the wall at every second, third or fourth step, relatively free in the stairwell. This is also particularly useful in terms of sound technology. However, as had one of the Tr><= ^ r> _ena imensions appropriate and adapted to local needs solution be found for the design of the top outlet. As FIG. 4 shows, this provides an edge angle 57 on the floor ceiling 56 extending over the entire width of the stairwell. This can consist of steel, aluminum, brass or plastic. It is held here in a height-adjustable manner on several pairs of screw bolts 58, which are spaced apart from one another, with the aid of nuts 58.1. The pairs of bolts are welded into brackets 58.2. These brackets are fastened with screws 59.1 and dowels 59.2 on the ceiling 56 in a suitable position so that the front edge 57 × 1 of the angle

./21

- 21 -

protrudes sufficiently over the front edge 56.1 to be able to apply a plaster 56.2 in alignment. The space 59 around the angle 57 is filled with the screed material or something similar, so that the floor covering 60 can then be applied in such a way that the height of the upper exit corresponds exactly to the other steps and. there is no risk of stumbling. This height can be adjusted particularly well with the nuts 58.1. This extremely simple individual solution also contributes to simplifying and accelerating assembly. Like the frame, the rail is easy to transport and easy to assemble.

{) The assembly of the stairs according to the invention is as follows

taken:

! All parts for a two-story staircase can be put on one

j Carefully accommodate the car trailer, preferably with a tandem axle.

! This can be driven to the next building opening.

ι To determine the exact floor height, the rail 57

'' mounted on the harvest ceiling 56. At the same time, briefly

Before or after the frames 22.1, 22.2 and 22.3

Ϊ brought to the lowest storey and with the screws 48.2

screwed together to form a basket. This is aligned

- and the bottom holes 43 · 1 are drilled. The pins 44.1

inserted and the basket supported on the support disks 44.2. By screwing the plate feet 44 is now the lowest Frame roughly adjusted to the correct height. Then the other frames and baskets can be installed, if it is necessary to determine the height. If the height too

ί can be determined with sufficient accuracy without the frame,

the assembly of the steps can now be started. The step height is determined. The lowest level is with its two front bolts attached to the floor, then attached the second step. This is now with a wall anchor 30.1 supported. This is mounted under it in the middle of the step depth, if necessary the large hole drilled and filled. The other angles can be measured and pre-assembled. However, this is not

: -. ' N 10. 2 D 142::. ... ... if

- 22 -

Required because the steps have to be mounted one after the other and every second step alternately on the wall or on the basket

\ . can be supported. The steps, which are at a distance from the staircase wall, are aligned exactly in the middle of the space available for them, especially during the first installation, so that a closed, clean

gives a better picture. The levels are now over one after the other

( The bolts 26 are connected to one another and alternately on the

■. Wall or. Attached to the clamping rods 35. Is the first If this has not already been done, the other frames are to be set with clamping rods and the assembly is carried out can be continued. Once all the steps have been installed, aligned and the screws have been tightened, the stairs are complete

completely installed. Since the steps are provided with a step-proof storage, this can already be installed in the shell without there is a risk of damage to the fine wood veneer surfaces.

The handrail can now also be installed in the shell by clamping the clamping brackets 51 at the appropriate height. That cut to roughly the total length of the handrail from the bottom of the stairs to the top .Rope is provided piece by piece with the clamps 53 and these are screwed to the arms 52, this is the With the protective film, the rope is bent according to the twist, so that the entire = stair handrail in a short time is mounted. Thanks to its protective hose, it can also be used for safety during the period of time. Is the Expansion completely finished, so the protective hose can be torn off as well as the step storage.

As a result, the staircase has a new type of load-bearing system that the Bolt bracing with tension bolts and height-adjustable pressure pipes that can be screwed into one another together with the strength the step material is chosen so that the stairs alone in this design would not be load-bearing, but with support is also held in several places.

./23

- 23 -

This support can take place at every second, every third or every fourth level, depending on the local area Conditions, preferably one will support in the largest areas under every second step and the support Carry out alternately right and left on adjacent steps, so that the result from the supports and the load The resulting moment curve is well matched to the course of the moments of resistance of the stairs. It surrenders a three-dimensional structure in which the cost of materials is greatly reduced without overloading any materials could be. In particular, the number of wall anchors and clamp brackets to be attached by hand can be reduced by about half. Since screw bolts always had to be set anyway, the second one to be screwed in brings Bolts no significant additional load. The effort for the pressure pipes is definitely not as great as that for the previous assembly with more than twice as many fastening points, which are also much larger Raised sound problems. In the case of the stairs according to the invention, additional Anchoring may be necessary if the stability conditions require this. However, this does this Principle of the interaction of, in a certain sense, rigid side beams with some supports on both sides and the lateral holding of the inner support rod construction (not abandoned by the steps. All components of the

Stairs form one with the inclusion of the.? Sppenhaus wall supporting association. Due to the elasticity of the clamping rods, the inevitable deformations cause the Clamping consoles avoided. As the support rods are no longer fastened to the ceiling, sound is transmitted to the ceiling avoided. Due to the alternative options for fastening the wall anchors and the lack of a connection to the ceiling the usual installation lines for water, gas, heating and electricity in these areas can be laid without any problems and with previous installation, the wall anchors can be set accordingly. The whole staircase can be done without further

N 10. 2 D

- 24 -

Assembly aid structures are installed in the shell at an early stage. Instead of chipboard steps, steps made of stone can also be used if they are reinforced in such a way that they can take on the load-bearing function due to them in the load-bearing association. § Layer-glued steps made of natural stone or artificial stone are particularly suitable for this. ^rä

Fig. 6 shows a further embodiment of a double spiral staircase in which the same parts with the same Reference numerals are provided. Here, a flat frame 22.5 is provided in the stairwell, on whose clamping bars the Clamping brackets 25 are attached. Here, too, the bolts j and the wall anchors are indicated schematically to show How few wall anchors you can get by with. This staircase is housed in a room that is almost square in plan.

The staircase according to FIG. 7 is constructed on the same principle, only it has a large room side and is in below a slightly deep, but very wide stairwell | brought. Accordingly, the stairwell is here to a supporting wall become. Two frames 22.6 and 22.7, which are mounted in a straight line one behind the other, are provided here, which hold the clamping rods exhibit. Here, too, the supports provided alternately on the right and left are provided by wall anchors 30 and Clamping brackets 25 can be seen.

Claims (1)

PATENT Attorney DIPL.-ING. GERD UTERMANN 71 HEILBRONN. PO Box 3525. CABLE: PATU. TEL. (07131) 82828 Kilianstrasse 7 UCilianspassage) Deutache Bank Hellbronn: 364364 Handelsbank Hellbronn: 230805 Κτβϊ ^ ρίτ ^ ββ Hellb7onn: 700f6 -poeteAeck Stuttgart: 43016-704 Utility model registration N 10. 2 2 D October 9, 1979 / 1S Applicant; NEUCON machine and Bausysteme GmbH u. Co.
Limited partnership Steinäckerstraße 11 D-71 Heilbronn-Böckingen Name: stairs
Expectations: 1.Staircase with wall anicers provided on the wall-side ends of the steps and with vertical support rods in the stairwell or on the side of the staircase facing away from the wall _s - to which clamp brackets are screwed to the steps and with bolt connections between the steps,
characterized in that
a rigid, height-adjustable bolt connection (26, 2 ^ .5) is provided on both sides of the steps (24) between all steps and independent of the bolt connections (26) on the wall side only under every second, third or fourth step (2k) and soundproof screwed wall anchors (30) are provided and the clamping brackets (25) are only provided on individual steps (24), preferably on those which have no wall anchors (30). N no. 22 D 142::: ": Y!": ": 9.10.79 / is,:. · .. *.: ■ "■ · ■ ·" 2. Staircase according to claim I _3, characterized in that the steps (24) consist of chipboard. 3. Staircase according to claim 2, characterized in that the steps (24) made with strong Veneered wood chipboard are made. 4. Staircase according to claim I _3, characterized in that the steps (24) are layer-bonded stone steps. 5 · Staircase according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vertical support rods are part of one of vertical square tubes (40) and upper and lower Flat rectangular hollow profiles as cross members (4l, 42) are screwed together frame, between which as Clamping rods (35) welded, vertically extending round tubes are arranged on which the clamping brackets (25) are attached. Staircase according to Claim 5, characterized that in the case of multi-storey stairs, the flat rectangular crossbars (42, 41.3) of the frame (22) are screwed directly on top of one another (47) and the square supports (40) are aligned one above the other are arranged. Staircase according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that b: angled or U-shaped arrangement The corners of the support bar frame (22; 22.1, 22.2, 22.3) are screwed with inserted corner connectors (48) are (Fig. 5). Staircase according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the lower ends of the Qu ^ .dratrohre (4o) with Round connecting pipes (45) provided with coarse internal threads (45.1) are screwed tight (45.5), which are fitted with external nuts (45O) are braced on the cross members (4l) and inside height-adjustable cup base screws (44) are provided. 9. Staircase according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that that on the Anklemmst from en (25) on handrail high Klernmkonsolen (51) are clamped, which one with steel cores Carry stiffened textile rope (5 ^) that with Clamps (53) clamped or one with each clamping bracket, with their deep threads between the Steel wires attached by screw screwed in below. 10. Staircase according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the wall anchors (30) with expansion dowels (33) with high-strength quick-release cement (27.3) filled wall anchoring holes (27.2) are arranged. 11. Staircase according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the top step of each barrel is a height-adjustable angle rail attached to the pedestal or the ceiling (56) (57) is provided.