DE761322C - Manufacture of glass-glass, glass-metal and glass-ceramic connections - Google Patents

Manufacture of glass-glass, glass-metal and glass-ceramic connections

Info

Publication number
DE761322C
DE761322C DET56586D DET0056586D DE761322C DE 761322 C DE761322 C DE 761322C DE T56586 D DET56586 D DE T56586D DE T0056586 D DET0056586 D DE T0056586D DE 761322 C DE761322 C DE 761322C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
glass
metal
manufacture
ceramic connections
connections
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DET56586D
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Hanns Neumueller
Alfred Dr Phil Zincke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Telefunken AG
Original Assignee
Telefunken AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Telefunken AG filed Critical Telefunken AG
Priority to DET56586D priority Critical patent/DE761322C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE761322C publication Critical patent/DE761322C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B37/00—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
    • C04B37/02—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles
    • C04B37/023—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles characterised by the interlayer used
    • C04B37/025—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles characterised by the interlayer used consisting of glass or ceramic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C27/00—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/062—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight
    • C03C3/07—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing lead
    • C03C3/072—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing lead containing boron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/062—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight
    • C03C3/07—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing lead
    • C03C3/072—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing lead containing boron
    • C03C3/074—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing lead containing boron containing zinc
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
    • C04B2235/9607—Thermal properties, e.g. thermal expansion coefficient
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/02—Aspects relating to interlayers, e.g. used to join ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/10—Glass interlayers, e.g. frit or flux
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/30—Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
    • C04B2237/32—Ceramic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/30—Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
    • C04B2237/40—Metallic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/50—Processing aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to the joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/88—Joining of two substrates, where a substantial part of the joining material is present outside of the joint, leading to an outside joining of the joint

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)

Description

Telefunken Gesellschaft für drahtlose Telegraphie m. b. H., Berlin Bei der Herstellung vieler Geräte, insbesondere elektrischer Entladungsefäße, " z. B. -Senderöhren oder Leuchtröhren, bedient man sich häufig hochschmelzender Gläser mit einer geringen Wärmeausdehnung, die zwischen 3 - io-° und 5,5 - io-s liegt. Es sind sowohl keramische Körper, z. B. aus Speckstein. Kaolin und Be rvlliumoxyd, als auch Metalle und Metalllegierungen, wie insbesondere Wolfram, Mo@vbdän oder die aus 54 0,:, Fe, 2S °,', \ i und iS 0., Co bestehende Legierung, bekannt, dir sich mit solchen Gläsern verschmelzen lassen. Es ist jedoch oft schwierig, bei der Herstellung solcher Geräte die erforderlichen Glas-Glas-, Glas-Metall- oder (=las-IZeramik-@'ersclimelzuii#,eit herzustellen, z. B. dann, wenn die Gestalt vorgeformter Glasteile möglichst erhalten bleiben soll oder ein Metallteil leicht oxydiert und sein Oxyd zur Dampfbildung neigt. -Gemäß der Erfindung wird für die Verhindunder einzelnen Teile ein sogenanntes Glaslot mit einem Ausdehnungskoeffizienten zwischen io-fi und C - i0-6 mit niedrigem Erweichun g#:-punkt und kurzem Erweicliungsintervall benutzt, das wie folgt zusammenzesetzt ist: 7 bis 2o °,!o Si 0@, q j bis tio °,o B. 0, ;o bi: 4; @' Ph O, weniger als io °1,o P.,05. bi: , zii 101) " Zn O -:- A1=03 -- Ca0 --- SrO. iedr:, schmelzende Gläser dieser Art sind an siel: ",r"-anat.Telefunken Gesellschaft für wireless Telegraphie mb H., Berlin In the manufacture of many devices, in particular electrical discharge vessels, " e.g. transmitter tubes or fluorescent tubes, high-melting glasses with a low thermal expansion of between 3 - 10 ° and 5 There are ceramic bodies, for example made of soapstone, kaolin and vitreous oxide, as well as metals and metal alloys, such as in particular tungsten, molybdenum or those made of 54 0,:, Fe, 2S °, ', \ i and iS 0., Co, known to be fused with such glasses. However, it is often difficult to produce the required glass-glass, glass-metal or (= las-IZeramik - @ 'ersclimelzuii #, can be produced, e.g. when the shape of preformed glass parts is to be retained as far as possible or a metal part is easily oxidized and its oxide tends to form steam so-called Glass solder with an expansion coefficient between io-fi and C - i0-6 with low softening #: - point and short softening interval is used, which is composed as follows: 7 to 20 °,! O Si 0 @, qj to tio °, o B 0, o bi. 4; @ 'Ph O, less than io ° 1, o P., 05. bi:, zii 101) "Zn O -: - A1 = 03 - Ca0 --- SrO. iedr :, melting glasses of this type are on it:", r "-anate.

Durch die trtindtino#sgemäße Verwendung dieses t-#Usrs als Lot zwischen Glasteilen und zWischc.^. @_Tl;taeüen und Keramik oder Glas- und 1Iet:illteiicn oder schließlich zwischen Keramikrind @k-:alaeilen in dem angegebenen Wänneausdeh.^.un_,ereich «-erden die genannten Sci'wier:Z'Keiten überwunden. und es ist insizes,@ndcre auca niiigIicIi, in der Nähe schon fertil-er 1- nas-lletall-Verbindungen ohne Gefahr weitere @-erbindun_-en herzustellen. Ferner erdas erfindungsgemäß verwendete Glas-lot. ei,enze_chlirene und polierte Glasplatten mit :ei:: Randstörungen auf ein Glasrohr aafz:achn:Clzen.By using this t- # Usrs as a plumb line between glass parts and in between. @_Tl; taeüen and ceramics or glass and 1Iet: illteiicn or finally between ceramics cattle @ k-: alaeilen in the specified heat. and it is insizes, @ndcre auca niiigIicIi, in the vicinity already fertile 1-nas-lletall connections without danger of producing further @ -bindun_-en. Furthermore, the glass solder used according to the invention . ei, enze_chlirene and polished glass plates with: ei :: edge defects on a glass tube aafz: achn: Clzen.

Da: G:as 'Kann beispielsweise mit Hilfe eines Stab.- auf die zu verschmelzende Stelle bei der hierzu n.=,tweiidigen Temperatur aufgebracht @rerdrn. I:i vaien Fällen ist es auch zwecki;iüi;. cris Gias. wie an sich bekannt. zti pulvern, in fein £rt_:nahlenem Zustand mit einer geeigneten Aufschiemmunzsilüssigkeit, z. B. Wasser, als Paste !)ei Zimmertemperatur aufzubringen und dann bei seiner SchmeIzteniperatur zri verglasen. _11s Beisl@:ele seien folgende Zusammensetzungen genannt : I @ Il f III 10 ij I!_03 ... @t@ #5 0 -15 p_05 . 2 - 1'b0 38 :11_O_;... ' r - i Zrr0.... 3 3 i Dir Ahb. i der Zeichnung zeigt einige Eigen-:chaften e_ :#rrindiinasgemäß verwendeten Glases. #:::d zwar ;eben die Kurven i und 2 das Ausdehminzsverhalten von Glasloten gemäß der Erfindung und die Kurven 3 und 4 das Verhalten guter i-Tia#ser mit einer Wärmeausdehnung zwischen 3 - io-' und 5,5 - io-s. Alle vier Kurven wurden bei -leicher Anheizgeschwindigkeit und 1-i gleicher mechanischer Belastung aufgenommen. so daß die Kurven unmittelbar miteinander ver;lichen werden können. An Hand der Kurven lassen sich folgende Forderun-:zen, die von denn Erfindungsgegenstand erfüllt werden, an ein -rites Lot stellen: der Erweichungspunkt soll bei verhältnismäßig niedriger T(#mpt-r:it:ir lieeen. Die Abnahme der Viskosität olierlia11i des I:r«-eichunslnuihte@ st,ll innerhall# eines möglichst ktt#inen "I't rnlieraturli(-reicht erfolgen, was sich in cler lirrrvtdurch @-iiie-n hager mit kleinem Iar@imniun:radisr@ am I:rweiehungspunkt zu erkennen Hierdurch ist vergleichsweise die Lag,- duss t"erarbeitun@@-bereiches festgelegt. Zul-leich i:t hiermit t-ine niedrige Fließtemperatur zekoppAt.Da: G: as' Can be applied @rerdrn, for example with the help of a rod, to the place to be fused at the temperature n. In many cases it is also useful. cris Gias. as is known per se. zti powders, in a fine state with a suitable pouring liquid, e.g. B. water, as a paste!) At room temperature and then vitrified at its melting temperature. _11s Beisl @: ele the following compositions are mentioned: I @ Il f III 10 iy I! _03 ... @ t @ # 5 0 -15 p_05. 2 - 1'b0 38 : 11_O _; ... 'r - i Zrr0 .... 3 3 i You ahb. The drawing shows some properties of the glass used in accordance with the use. # ::: d indeed; curves i and 2 show the expansion behavior of glass solders according to the invention and curves 3 and 4 show the behavior of good i-Tia # ser with a thermal expansion between 3 - io- 'and 5.5 - io- s. All four curves were recorded with the same heating speed and 1-i same mechanical load. so that the curves can be compared directly with one another. Using the curves, the following requirements, which are met by the subject matter of the invention, can be made on a -rites plumb bob: the softening point should be at a relatively low T (# mpt-r: it: ir lieeen. The decrease in viscosity olierlia11i des I: r «-eichunslnuihte @ st, ll within the hall # of a ktt # inen"I't rnlieraturli (-enough to be done, what is in the lirrrvt by @ -iiie-n hager with a small Iar @ imniun: radisr @ am I: rweiehungspunkt This means that the lag, - duss t "erarbeitun @@ - area is determined by comparison.

Bei den Loten, wie sie gemäß der Erfindnn<@ verwendet «-erden, tritt das Fließen schon bei b50 bis ;00 ein, während dies bei den ühlichen Gläsern des zu betrachtenden Ausdelintiri,--sbereiches im allgeineinun er @t zwischt-n S,j0 lind noo- der Fall ist.In the case of the solders, as they are used according to the invention, the flow occurs already at b50 to; 00, while this occurs with the usual glasses of the Ausdelintiri, - s area to be considered in general he @t between-n S, j0 Lind noo- is the case.

" Die Abb. 2 zeit ein elektrisches @'it@adnrie:-gefäß, das mit dem Glaslot nach der Erfindung hergestellt ist. Der Kolben i lind der @re@e@a@-fuß 2 mögen aus einem Glase niit der W#hrnt=-ausdehntrng 4. - i0-" bestehe'!. In Gien' Pr-'-@`lasfuß 2 befinden sich zwei Stroniztifiiiir!ui,c fit ,; und .f. z. Il. aus lIoivl@dän, die zti drin 1-@ri ; angedeuteten Elektrodensvstem führen. S,iwolit die Verschmelzung zwischen dem "I'tIier 2 rrriei der Stromzuführung 3 bzw. der Strc>inztifiiiirung .1 an den Stellen ; und @ als auch die Vt-rbindung zwischen dein Kolben i und (1-11i Teller 2 an der Stelle I# sind (-rrindungs@(-niaLt mit Hilfe des Glaslotes der angc@@ebt#nen "/.usanimensetzung vorgenommen."Fig. 2 shows an electrical @ 'it @ adnrie: -vessel made with the glass solder according to the invention. The piston i and the @ re @ e @ a @ -foot 2 may be made from a glass with the W # hrnt = -expansion 4. - i0- "exist '!. In Gien 'Pr -'- @ `lasfuß 2 there are two Stroniztifiiiir! Ui, c fit,; and .fz Il. from lIoivl @ Danish, the zti in it 1- @ ri; lead indicated electrode system. S, iwolit the fusion between the "I'tiier 2 rrriei of the power supply 3 or the Strc> inztifiiiirung .1 at the points; and @ as well as the Vt-rbindung between the piston i and (1-11i plate 2 at the point I # are (-rrindungs @ (- niaLt made with the help of the glass solder of angc @@ ebt # nen "/.usanimensosition.

Bei der Anwendung der Erfindung auf (-irktrische Entladungsgefäße mit Kathoden, z.13. Bariumoxvdkathode, wird dit. Kathode infolge der niedrigen Verschmulzungte mperaturen nicht vergiftet.When applying the invention to (-active discharge vessels with cathodes, e.g. 13. Barium oxide cathode, is dit. Cathode as a result of the low fusing temperatures not poisoned.

Claims (1)

PATE NTA::ShRLCFi: Herstellen von Glas-Glas, Glas-Metall-und Glas-Keramik-Verbindungen, insbesondere für elektrische Entla clrui4s,gefäße, dadurch gekennzeichnet. daß die Verhirichinz zwischen diesen Teilen finit Hilf(- uiinuss Glases erfolgt, das ; Izis 20"" Si0.=, 15 bis fiO °,'o B..,03, 3o bis .f5 ° " Ph O, wenigcr als io°@o P.,0, und bis zu io"'" ZnO - A1_0-; -;-- CaO - Sr0 enthält. Zur Abgrenzung des Eründunzss,`egenstands vom Stand der Technik ist im Erteilun-sverfahren folgende Druckschrift in Betracht gezogen worden: Eitel, I'irani, Scheel, ##cllastecluiisclir Tabellen, Berlin r0,;2.PATE NTA :: ShRLCFi: Manufacture of glass-glass, glass-metal and glass-ceramic connections, in particular for electrical discharge clrui4s, vessels, characterized. that the connection between these parts is finite help (- uiinuss of the glass, the; Izis 20 "" Si0. =, 15 to fiO °, 'o B .., 03, 30 to .f5 ° "Ph 0, less than 10 ° @o P., 0, and up to io "'" contains ZnO - A1_0-; -; - CaO - Sr0. To distinguish the invention from the state of the art, the following publication has been considered in the granting procedure : Eitel, I'irani, Scheel, ## cllastecluiisclir tables, Berlin r0,; 2.
DET56586D 1941-12-07 1941-12-07 Manufacture of glass-glass, glass-metal and glass-ceramic connections Expired DE761322C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DET56586D DE761322C (en) 1941-12-07 1941-12-07 Manufacture of glass-glass, glass-metal and glass-ceramic connections

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DET56586D DE761322C (en) 1941-12-07 1941-12-07 Manufacture of glass-glass, glass-metal and glass-ceramic connections

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE761322C true DE761322C (en) 1954-03-15

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DET56586D Expired DE761322C (en) 1941-12-07 1941-12-07 Manufacture of glass-glass, glass-metal and glass-ceramic connections

Country Status (1)

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DE (1) DE761322C (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE962370C (en) * 1953-04-25 1957-04-18 Philips Nv Method for melting glass on an enamelled iron surface, in particular a glass window on the enamelled melting zone of an iron cone of an electron beam tube
DE1029543B (en) * 1955-03-21 1958-05-08 Leutron Ges Fuer Leuchttechnik Method for producing molded parts from foam glass, optionally for producing connecting parts for fusing parts made of glass, quartz, ceramic material, metal or the like.
DE1113408B (en) * 1958-07-14 1961-08-31 Edith Maria Heinze Geb Bammann Process for the production of laminated bodies from uncoloured and colored glass
DE3815552A1 (en) * 1988-05-06 1989-11-16 Buchtal Gmbh NATURAL STONE PLATE WITH MOUNTING ELEMENTS ON THE SIDE REFERRED SIDE
EP2346091A2 (en) 2010-01-19 2011-07-20 SCHOTT Solar AG Connection unit for photovoltaic modules

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE962370C (en) * 1953-04-25 1957-04-18 Philips Nv Method for melting glass on an enamelled iron surface, in particular a glass window on the enamelled melting zone of an iron cone of an electron beam tube
DE1029543B (en) * 1955-03-21 1958-05-08 Leutron Ges Fuer Leuchttechnik Method for producing molded parts from foam glass, optionally for producing connecting parts for fusing parts made of glass, quartz, ceramic material, metal or the like.
DE1113408B (en) * 1958-07-14 1961-08-31 Edith Maria Heinze Geb Bammann Process for the production of laminated bodies from uncoloured and colored glass
DE3815552A1 (en) * 1988-05-06 1989-11-16 Buchtal Gmbh NATURAL STONE PLATE WITH MOUNTING ELEMENTS ON THE SIDE REFERRED SIDE
EP2346091A2 (en) 2010-01-19 2011-07-20 SCHOTT Solar AG Connection unit for photovoltaic modules
DE102010001016A1 (en) 2010-01-19 2011-07-21 SCHOTT Solar AG, 55122 Connection unit for photovoltaic modules

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