DE7608562U1 - Device for generating three-dimensional images - Google Patents

Description

patentanwXCte '*
HELMUT SCHROETER KLAUS LEHMANN

DlPL.-PHYS. DIPL.-INC.

Law Chi Yin y-law-11

2 April 3, 1980

Device for generating three-dimensional images

The invention relates to a device for producing three-dimensionally perceptible images that are directly associated with the Eye, i.e. without the aid of additional aids such as glasses or viewing devices and give a spatial impression of the picture.

In the most well-known device for recording i = äuTfiiieh rfshr = acceptable pictures wurae aas zu iotografitM-enuc CuJeil BcwUmilich taken simultaneously from two different viewpoints that are a certain distance apart, using either two separate cameras or a single camera with two lenses. The separately obtained right and left images were also viewed separately with the right and left eyes. This is called stereoscopic Photography known. When taking three-dimensional images of this kind, one object had to be photographed at the same time as two Cameras or recorded by a photographic camera with two lenses and two associated shutters become and a

D-7070 SCHWÄBISCH GMOND COMMON ACCOUNTS: D-8000 MÖNCHEN 7O Telephone: (07171) 56 90 -Ri-WHaJ ^ BiIIk-AG · ■ · »·· -PostsAttkkcnto Telephone: (089) 7252071 H. SCHROETER Telegrams: Sdiroepat .V "nc5in 7 (J / 3 ^ 3 ^ 9 *. *". "Klündwn K.LEHMANN Telegrams: Schroepat Bodcsgasse 49 Telex: 7248 868 pigd d (SLZ 700 "7Oe-IC))" ·· "·· - *"·> 679 ^: 4 · Κ804 Lipowskystraßc 10 Telex: 5212248 pjwc d

I needed a special viewer through whom the obtained · * images could be viewed separately and simultaneously with the left and right eye.

The recording of spatial images that can be viewed directly becomes a reality made in that a plurality of images, which are arranged in strips, of one and the same object from different Viewing angles are produced by a lenticular screen made of a plurality of lenses or optical Elements that are strung together and each of which has the shape of a half cylinder with a diameter of only about 0.1 mm -2.0 mm. This lenticular screen is arranged in front of the light-sensitive layer when the picture is taken. When viewed, the plurality of stripe images is shown through another lenticular screen of FIG in the same way as the first lenticular screen transformed into a spatially viewable image.

The spatial imaging technique of these two species is clear from each other.

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Production required optical measures, but- ai ', eh in terms of the possibilities of viewing.

In the production of directly spatially viewable images on the basis that a plurality of images of different Viewpoints can be focused on a single photosensitive material, a single lens is used for Recording used so that an object to be recorded is projected and exposed in a plurality of images that are not only laterally, but also vertically, as in normal photography, but also every image within the small ones defined by a lenticular element: The surface is reversed in spite of the fact that the lenticular screen is immediately in front of the light-sensitive Schiclrj is located. The image exposed in this way with the wrong one.

Images cannot be viewed properly in three dimensions because of the The image section corresponding to the left side of the object is presented to the right eye through the lenticular screen, while the image section corresponding to the right side of the object through the lenticular screen to the left eye of the viewer appears. This is commonly referred to as the wrong spatial image and cannot be used as an image directly because e is not properly assessed spatially, at least not, as long as it was created by a single exposure through a single lens.

The reasons for this will be described in detail later, and the principles thereof are in Japanese Patent Application 1971-2OÖ95 (published under the number 1972-37637) des Inventor's present application, particularly with reference to Fig. A prior application, and in the Japanese patent application Number 1971-2069 * 1- (published under the number 1972 -j? 7ö> ) described. These publications indicate measures, whereby the desired direct spatial viewability through a single recording is obtained, and with these measures devices for aurnanme soxener beat Spatially viewable images without the production of spatially viewable images are upside down. The recording device according to the first is mentioned th publication is arranged so that a lenticular screen placed in front of a photosensitive layer and synchronized with the movement of a shutter or slit is moved across the lens and thereby the object to be recorded on the light-sensitive layer as directly spatially observable Image is created. The device according to the second publication is arranged so that a mask (screen) with a slot between the lenticular screen and the photosensitive one The material is moved relative to the photosensitive material for the duration of a single shutter opening time, where the movement is a multiple of the repetition distance

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Lenticular elements amount and thereby a directly correct spatially viewable image is produced.

These devices according to the cited publications eliminate the impractical mode of operation, which consists in the fact that the object to be recorded or the camera itself must be moved on an arc of a circle in order to obtain a directly three-dimensional image, while a large number of exposures are made of the same object. In contrast, the device according to <? S publications mentioned above give the desired spatially viewable image by a single shot ^Tr organg. However, these devices require the synchronous movement of the lenticular screen every time the shutter is moved over the objective, or the relative synchronous movement between the lenticular screen, the mask and the photosensitive material, with the result that these devices cannot be used to detect an object record in motion, and especially-not for recordings with stroboscopic lighting or with flash light, the duration of which is shorter than the duration of the relative movement of the mentioned mutually movable elements.

£> £ ω ^^^; ^ ™ ^ <^ η VAT> r> -5nh (-imcron 7nr> Hp> T »R-hf» l 1 liner of without additional Aids to viewable three-dimensional images therefore had the disadvantage, quite generally speaking, that they were used for recording of the images had a complicated mechanism that was not only difficult to produce with the required precision and therefore was not accessible to a wider group of people because of the acquisition costs, but also because of the Recording to be carried out relative movements between different Share the reception facility with no recordings under alone photographic conditions allowed, so in particular not the very fast moving objects or using stroboscopic or flash lighting.

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The invention seeks to provide a device which allows a wider application of manufacturing to be directly observed three-dimensional images are allowed. This widespread application is said to be due to the simplification and cheaper of the device required for recording both relate to a broader group of people and due to the omission Restricting recording conditions to previously not possible technical applications, e.g. recording fast moving Objects and with stroboscopic or flashlight lighting.

In order to produce directly viewable spatial images ■ To open up a broader application, the invention has set itself the task, mainly in the complicated Step of the first acquisition of an image to avoid the disadvantages and to specify a device that it allows this first recording step to be simplified in such a way that that it is suitable for all photographic shooting conditions. The device is in no way intended to be excessively complicated and be expensive. The device is therefore designed according to the invention so that when the image is first recorded an incorrectly spatially viewable image can be recorded, for the production of which the camera is extremely simple can be and it is also possible to work with a single, arbitrarily short closure opening time. The device allow it,

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to expose a light-sensitive layer, which is arranged immovably directly behind a lenticular screen permanently or temporarily for the duration of the exposure, through an objective. This recording corresponds in its simplicity to the normally usual recordings for non-spatially observable images, with the only difference that immediately in front of the light-sensitive layer there is a known lens grid made up of many cylindrical lens elements, and that the objective is at least one in the direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical lenses has larger dimensions than when taking pictures that cannot be viewed spatially and that the photographic shutter, provided it is a shutter arranged on the lens, is adapted to this shape of the lens. On the other hand, apart from actuating the lock, no relative mobility of any parts of the receiving arrangement is necessary. The thus recorded, inverted spatially appearing image is used to produce a properly viewable image in an apparatus in which the already exposed and developed layer is arranged behind a lenticular screen of the same type as in the first frame _s wherein on the side opposite the lenticular side of the already developed layer an unexposed layer is arranged, furthermore light bundles for illuminating areas on the already developed layer which are as narrowly defined as possible are directed onto the lenticular grid, as well as a relative movement between the already developed layer and the illuminating layer

1 11 I.

»■ II I ■

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Light bundles can be introduced so that the limited illuminated areas migrate over the already developed layer and through a simultaneous relative movement between the already developed and the unexposed layer, the picture elements the already developed layer in reverse order behind each lenticular element on the unexposed one Layer can be copied.

A device according to the invention initially consists of the Recording camera with a holder for a lenticular screen in front of a light-sensitive layer to fix the Lin-Benrasterschirmes as well as the light-sensitive layer to each other and to the photographic camera, at least one lens extending transversely to the longitudinal direction of the lenticular elements and a shutter that has the shape of this lens is adapted. The closure has the edges causing the opening, which extend transversely to the longitudinal direction of the lenticular lens element extend. Further advantageous details of the recording camera are characterized in the claims.

The device then also consists of a device for the relatively movable holding of the already exposed and developed layer and a second, not yet exposed layer directly behind the first-mentioned layer and on the side of this layer that faces away from a lenticular screen that is exposed to the bundles of a point light source or Exposed to parallel bundles.

Fig. 1 partially shows a photographic optical system a photographic camera according to the invention and illustrates a manner in which the optical syst

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from an object to be recorded is spatially wrong appearing image on the photosensitive material is projectable.

Fig. 2 shows schematically a usable for exposure optical system through which the wrongly viewable spatial image is converted into the corresponding correctly * - Trachtable spatial image is transformable.

Fig. 3 is the rear view of a closure .iit a Lens for a photographic camera according to the invention.

Pig. k is a section through the lens, the shutter blades and the associated mechanism.

Fig. 5 is a side view of the lens and shutter.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a lens for a photographic camera according to the invention.

FIG. 7 is the rear view of an embodiment of an objective with a shutter which is modified from FIG. 3.

Fig. 1 shows schematically the type of image formation in a photographic camera according to the invention. The object to be recorded is in position X. L is the lens for receiving the lens and S is the shutter, which is suitable to be opened and closed behind the lens in a plane transverse to the optical axis. It is not absolutely necessary to arrange the shutter S behind the lens L _Q in the position shown; on the contrary, it can be arranged in front of the lens L, as is the case with the Thornton shutter of a view camera (camera for outside shots) is.

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Details of this will be given later along with the details
of the lens L ₀ Described in connection with the Pig ₄ 3-5.

According to Fig. 1, the Linsenrasterschlrm M is fixed directly

bar in front of and in contact with the photosensitive layer P
arranged. Accordingly, the lens L _Q in the photographic camera according to the invention is required to have one
Has aperture area which is delimited by two surfaces,
which are parallel to each other and transverse to the longitudinal direction of each
Forward louvre elements. The lenticular elements are
in Pig. 1 marked with m ^, nu, nw and extend vertically
to the plane of the drawing over the entire lenticular screen M. Its longitudinal direction is therefore perpendicular to the plane of the PIg. 1. j The interior grid elements are interrelated | connected hanging so that they the lenticular screen M || form. The defining the necessary aperture of the objective L; parallel planes are preferably planes that are parallel to one another | other At some distance from the main optical axis in order to ensure an excellent quality of the recorded image. ·! Afford. Accordingly, the lens L may be in the shape of a | assume a slim rectangle that is cut out from | a round lens along the above-mentioned parallel planes and transverse to the longitudinal direction of the lenticular elements, or it can be a round lens, from the area f lying outside of the above-mentioned parallel planes

is covered, so that this covered area transmits ksin light. _h It is understandable from much of the description given below _; that a large-diameter lens is preferable because a viewing angle determined by the distance between sides | opposite ends of the lens, with respect to an object to be photographed, k is correspondingly enlarged and the number of inverted spatial images produced by the individual lenticular elements also increases in order to enhance the desired spatial effect. From this point of view, it is more effective, a special lens like that of the
FIg. 6, which can have an even larger diameter transversely to the longitudinal direction of the lenticular elements,
than a round lens of relatively large diameter.

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The shutter S is according to the invention are described in detail in connection with FIGS. 3-5, and therefore the description thereof is limited to the fact that a closure of this kind is used, that the direction of the opening movement radially from the optically, the main axis of the objective L _{Q is} towards the aforementioned parallel plane and the closing movement is correspondingly reversed. Such a shutter is hereinafter ^{referred to as "gap shutter 11} j. The light rays falling through the lens L _Q , the open shutter i and the lenticular screen M _Q onto the surface of the light-sensitive layer F are subject to refraction in the lenticular screen M _0. In the following This describes the type I of image formation. If one looks at the area of the object to be photographed between points P and Q, then the rays emanating from point P and falling on objective L are within a fret: Θ, including the the effective opening of the objective L is covered, while the rays emanating from point Q and falling on the object: L _{are enclosed within a bundle © 2} , which also covers the effective opening of said objective L - as far as the light rays within this bundle through single lenticular element nip of a plurality of lenticular elements m-, nu, m_, are focused, the rays emanating from the points P and Q, and passing through the center of the objective L are on the light-sensitive layer; F focused at points Pp or Q _2. To illustrate this image formation, the relevant light rays are shown by solid lines in Fig.l. On the other hand, the light rays emanating from point P and included in the bundle O ₁ , which fall not on the lenticular lens element m _p , but rather on the neighboring lenticular lens _{element In 1} (shown in phantom in Fig.l), are subject to refraction in this lenticular element m, and are opened the light-sensitive layer F is focused at a point P., while the light rays _{emanating from the point Q and included in the bundle Q 2,}

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dia do not fall on the lenticular element nu, but on the lenticular element rru adjacent to it (also shown in dash-dotted lines) are subject to refraction in this lenticular element rrw and are focused on the light-sensitive layer F ₀ at a point GU. For the sake of simplicity, the lenticular elements are drawn much larger than in reality, so that the light rays emanating from a part of the object lying between points P and Q could appear as if they were only passing through the lenticular element m_ and the lenticular lens elements m, and nu lying symmetrically to them were focused. However, each lenticular element actually has a width of only about 0.1 mm - 2.0 mm and the projected image of this area of the object lying between points P and Q falls on all lenticular elements in the row symmetrically to the lenticular element nip adjoining lenticular elements, whereby a plurality of images of the points P and Q are formed in the respective lenticular elements. The direct viewability of this type is basically based on such a large number of projected images that were generated by the lenticular elements, each of which is only of a small width. Correspondingly, with the effective aperture of the objective relative to the lenticular screen with a large number of semicylindrical lens elements of a predetermined diameter, which are connected to one another in sequence, the angle of the bundles θ ^ or θ ₂ ^νΰαά, thus increasing the number of images of the points P and Q behind the lenticular screen considerably in order to reinforce the spatial impression. The image projected through each of these many lenticular elements represents a reversed image that cannot be viewed correctly in three dimensions. The following is the condition for the picture only

Ik * «

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considered in terms of the individual element m. Images of the areas B, B- and B + of a three-dimensional object to be recorded, which lies between the points P and Q, are ^{imaged on the light-sensitive layer F in the order B 1} +, B 'and B ¹ -. More precisely, the image of the area B + will be created near the image point Q ₂ and the image of the area B- near the image point Pp. Such an image arrangement also applies to an object A _Q which lies between the point L and the point P and is initially focused on the lenticular lens element m- by the lenticular lens element m and through the lenticular element nu. on the other side of the lenticular element n ^ is focused. Although one might assume that the images thus exposed can be viewed directly as properly viewable spatial images, since the image arrangement, as mentioned above, corresponds to the arrangement in which the corresponding areas of the general object to be recorded are focused, the thus exposed can be Image actually but not immediately correct spatially through the lenticular screen = - ι screen from a large number of Linsenrasterelemenceri a semi-cylindrical cross-section can be viewed. When the exposed image was obtained through the lenticular screen from a plurality of lenticular elements each having a semi-cylindrical cross section, the left side B- of the object B was focused on the left side as the left image B'-, while the right surface B + of the object B was focused on the right side was focused as the right image B ¹ +. As a result, the left image B ¹ - through the lenticular lens elements, each with a semi-cylindrical cross section, is opposed to the right eye of the person directly viewing the image, while the right image is similarly opposed to the left eye, so that the right eye is the enlarged left image B. ¹ - and the left eye the enlarged right image B '+ through "the lens catch

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elements considered. This relationship also applies to the
Objects A and C to and accordingly they are through
The above-mentioned recording process on the surface of the photosensitive layer F turns images that can be viewed spatially. That by recording on the
Photosensitive layer F is the resulting image
c-ine device according to FIG. 2 is wrong again.

The device for converting the wrongly viewed spatially 1

image obtained on the basis of the exposure in f

a corresponding correctly spatially observable image is I

is described below with reference to FIG. The previous j

direction does not work by running a copier |

ganges by means of an instantaneous exposure., but |

by executing a copying process by means of a one |

long exposure time during which the various |

Components of the arrangement are moved to one another. A the I.

upside-down spatial appearing image-bearing original, the |

was created by the described type of recording. 1

preferably a negative, regardless of whether one or more colors, |

since a plurality of correctly spatially observable images |

by repeating the copying process in the device

can be generated in accordance with the present invention. According to Fig. 2 1

a point light source SL is used for exposure during copying. j

The original F ¹ , which has the image in the shape of the corresponding I.

traffic-spatial appearing image according to FIG. 1, f

arranged within a bundle that starts from one of the point |

light source SL assigned projection lens collected and 1

is projected, and a lenticular screen M, which in its |

optical arrangement corresponds to the lenticular _{screen M Q} of Fig.l, is placed in the light path in front of the original F _Q. Behind
this arrangement of lenticular screen M and original F ^ is
an as yet unexposed photosensitive layer F is used,
onto which an image that can be properly viewed spatially is copied
target. It

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it goes without saying that the arrangement according to Pig.2 including of the as yet unexposed photosensitive material P in complete darkness or at least in such a way that no exposure can take place, must be built.

In this arrangement, the original becomes P 'and the still unexposed one photosensitive material P moved relative to each other, wherein the point light source SL is turned on. The relative Movement takes place transversely to the longitudinal direction of the lenticular elements with a semi-cylindrical cross-section, which is wrong spatially appearing image in the correct spatially entrusted «·· Image is converted by the exposure and the copying process. This will be described in detail below.

VJenn the bundled light from the point light source SL is projected onto the lenticular screen M, through the continuous through each lenticular lens elements of screen M light \ beams in the respective straight lines along which extend parallel to the longitudinal direction of the lenticular lens elements. As a result, each bundle projected in a straight line will pass through the original f ' _q and strike the narrow area of the unexposed photosensitive material j F immediately below said straight line, causing an exposure similar to that in the original F' an Image element contained at this point takes place / Such an exposure is effected successively for each bundle projected as a straight line in the course of the relative movement of the original _p'Q and the unexposed photosensitive material F until the desired spatial image is complete. The manner in which the _{incorrectly spatially appearing images of the image contained in the original F'Q} are converted into the corresponding, correctly spatially appreciable images is described below.

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The images of the corresponding surfaces of the objects A., B and C focused on the photosensitive layer F according to FIG. 1 are described again here. For the individual lenticular elements the order of the images from left to right is right image C '+, middle image C ¹ and left image C ¹ - of the object C * right image B ^! 4-, middle figure B 'and left figure B'- of the object B and right figure A ¹ +, middle figure A ¹ and left figure A'- of the object A _Q. In order to better explain the process, it will be described below as if the exposure of the unexposed photosensitive material F according to these figures is carried out by a process comprising three steps corresponding to the three figures, that is, the middle, the right and the left Mapping of each of the three objects A _Q. , B _Q and C _Q. Three lines of illumination projected from the point light source SL serve to expose the unexposed photosensitive material F first according to the left illustrations C'-, B ^f - and A ¹ -, as shown under 1 of FIG to convert a negative into a corresponding positive image. Dara the original F 'and the now partially exposed photosensitive material F are moved in opposite directions in a relative position, as shown in FIG middle images C ', B ¹ and A ¹ can be copied onto the light-sensitive material F which has not yet been exposed at this point. On this second exposure step according to II of ^{FIG. 2, the original F 1} and the partially exposed photosensitive material F are moved to the relative position according to III of FIG '+, B' + and A ¹ + on the light-sensitive

* C

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borrowed material P can be copied. The last step is the third step in the exposure. As a result of this process, which extends from the first to the third step, the images on the initially unexposed photosensitive material F were from left to right in the order of left image C-, middle image C ¹ , right image C '+ of the object

C, left figure B ¹ -, middle figure B ', right i ο

Figure B ¹ + of object B and left figure A'-, middle figure A ^! , right image A '+ of the object A copied while maintaining its relative lateral position. In this way, after development, an image is obtained in which the incorrectly spatially appearing impression of the original has been converted into a correctly spatially observable image.

The preceding description has been chosen intentionally for the sake of simplicity and simplicity of the presentation. In fact, on the original F 'there are not just three, but many in the wrong order arranged picture elements under each lenticular element, which is why the process of copying is not actually done by a step-by-step procedure, as described above, but by a continuous relative movement of the original F ¹ ^ ¹¹ ^ unexposed photosensitive F takes place at a constant speed, with all wrongly arranged images under each lenticular element are converted into the correspondingly correctly arranged images that allow a correct spatial observation. Although the relative movement of the original F ⁵ and F n untelichtetem lichtcmpfindliehen material läufigem meaning has been described as taking place in the foregoing explanation as in ü ^e C ° because appreciated such a way on leichtesten and is also preferable can JE

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however, the other way, in which the original P ^{1 is moved} in the same direction and at twice the speed as the lenticular screen M, synchronously with the latter, also take place, with the unbelievable light-sensitive material F being fixed. In contrast to this, the unexposed photosensitive material F can also be moved in the same direction and at twice the speed as the lenticular screen M in synchronism with the latter, the original F ^{1 being} stationary. Another device for reversing and copying works in such a way that the as yet unexposed material F to be exposed and the point light source SL are moved in a straight line or on an arc of a circle, with the original P 'bearing the incorrectly three-dimensional image being fixed, see above that each line of ^{illumination projected onto the original F 1} parallel to the longitudinal direction of the elongated cylindrical lens elements moves in the opposite direction j to the movement of the point light source and the movement of the unexposed light-sensitive material F for this purpose appears to be the inversion of the spatially incorrectly

ning image into the corresponding correctly spatially observable image and the necessary copying process is going on. | This means that instead of moving the point light source SLf on an arc of a circle, three components, namely the lenticular screen M, the original F 'and the unexposed photosensitive material F are inclined together about an axis, | which corresponds to the center of the circular arc, so that the lines of illumination projected onto ^{the original F 1 from a |} End to the other of each lenticular element and in time | Coordination so that the as yet unexposed photosensitive material F can be moved in the opposite direction. In addition, any other measure can also be used to cause the opposite movement of the projected lighting lines and the unexposed light-sensitive material F,

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or a measure in which the original P 'is fixed, the unexposed photosensitive material P relative to the lenticular screen M or the projected lines of illumination and the unexposed photosensitive material P in relation to each other opposite directions are moved to effect the desired copying. In the embodiment shown a point light source was used in view of the fact that such an arrangement is standard practice in a darkroom, but a better result is obtained by having a unidirectional Light source is used, which extends parallel to the generatrix of the cylindrical lens elements of the lenticular lens and which accordingly also run closely in parallel to the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical lenticular lens elements can project limited lines of light.

The photographic recording camera according to the present invention is based on the condition that the picture is cleared by the with

Fig. 3-5 shows an objective L in conjunction with a shutter S used. In this exemplary embodiment, the objective L is a large-diameter objective with a circular boundary. The shutter S is seen with two shutter blades 11,12, each of which has the shape of a slender rectangle and transversely to the direction of the generatrix of the cylindrical lenticular elements of the lenticular screen M, which is located immediately in front of the photosensitive layer. These two shutter blades 11 and 12 engage one above the other along their edges near the optical axis in order to effect a perfect shielding. If that shown

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circular lens is used, the photographic camera must be kept light-tight by the fact that the lens outside the dash-dotted area in Pig. 3, i.e. above the upper dash-dotted line and below the lower dash-dotted line must be covered with a shielding substance or the area in question with a suitable screen must be covered. Opposite ends of the corresponding shutter blades 11/12 are around hinge points 20 pivotable on the camera body or a part of the breechblock housing or held by levers 13, 14, 15 and 16. In this Case are the shutter blades 11 and 12 on the levers I3, 14, 15 and 16 at their points facing away from the fixed hinge points 20 The ends are also held in an articulated manner. Both shutter blades 11 and 12 can be opened by pivoting the levers I3, 14 and 15> open and close around the respective hinge points 20. The outer ends of links 21 and 22 are articulated with the middle • Section of levers I3 or 15 connected and the opposite Ends of the links 21 and 22 are jointly articulated via a pivot point IQ to one end of a drive tappet l8, 5er "» 14-ner rhi ™ »*! Pinen Pilekt.TOmaeneten 17 can expand so that ' the levers I3 and 15 via the intermediate handlebars and 22 around the associated hinge points 20 in succession an arrow indicated movement of the drive ram 18 is pivoted can be. The drive plunger 18 is with the. Armature 23 of the electromagnet I7 connected. One between the restoring spring clamped in at the outer ends of the links 21 and 22 pulls the shutter blades 11 and 12 into their closed position, as soon as no more force is exerted by the drive tappet 18. Similar to the handlebars 21 and 22 are for the levers 14 and not provided, since after the armature 22 has been tightened and the electromagnet I7 has been energized, the levers 13 and I5 are around their hinge points 20 by means of the handlebars 21 and 22 are pivoted and as

IS ■ · »· ■■ ·· *

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Follow the levers 14 and 16 to your relevant Articulation points 20 are inevitably swiveled in order to move the shutter blades 11 and 12 in opposite directions. Vice versa there is also no need to provide a return spring specifically for levers 14 and 16, since levers IJ and 15 by the return spring 24 the levers 14 and 16 inevitably be brought along.

A diaphragm adjustment arm 25 serves as a control element and projects with its lower end into the range of motion of the armature 2J>. A thread mounted in holders 26 of the lock housing -

• f spindle 27 goes through a nut at the upper end of the diaphragm

adjustment arm 25. By turning the threaded spindle 27, the diaphragm adjustment arm 25 is moved laterally into a desired position and serves as an adjustable stop for the movement of the armature 23 due to the attractive force of the energizing electromagnet 17. The greater the armature 23 under the magnetic force of attraction permitted movement is so as to continue the shutter blades as a result of r by the driving ram 18 and the lever 13 and 1. ¹ S vermi-ctercen movement of the armature 23 apart. The limited gap between the shutter blades 11 and 12 is conversely kept small when the movement of the armature 23 is inhibited under the magnetic attraction force by the diaphragm adjustment arm 25 in the initial stage of its expiration. A diaphragm adjustment knob 28 is attached to the outer end of the threaded spindle 27 and provided on its circumference with a pointer 29 which indicates the corresponding diaphragm on a diaphragm scale (not shown) located in its range of motion.

The diaphragm adjustment arm 25 is therefore arranged so that the extent of the opening of the shutter blades 11 and 12 through

W »· P

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a mechanism is controlled which intervenes in the movement triggered by the excitation of the electromagnet 17, whereby these shutter blades 11 and 12 themselves can act as the aperture limiting the aperture of the lens and can control the light flow through which the shutter blades 11 and 12 itself are enabled to function as an effective aperture, but are not limited to the mechanism of Fig. J5. A f mechanism according to Pig. 7 can be another of many other | Examples that are also suitable for this purpose are given | will. In this embodiment, a rectangular | Lens according to Fig.β use and the extent to which the ■; Shutter blades 11 and 12 are opened, is limited here by a stop acting directly on the shutter blades 11 and 12. Referring to FIG. 7, a spindle 125 is used which is screwed through 'a holder 126 of the closure housing, as ι stop for the diaphragm opening use and has its upper j end in the moving range of a movable shutter blade 12 \ At the lower end of the spindle 125 is an aperture adjustment knob 128 attached to a pointer 129 which, as in the previous example, indicates the set aperture on a scale (not shown) in its range of motion. Therefore, according to this exemplary embodiment, the aperture adjustment button 128 can also be set to a specific aperture on the scale by means of the pointer 129 ^; and the spindle 125, which is axially moved by the rotation of the aperture adjustment knob 128, determines with its upper end the holding position of the shutter blade 12 and via this and the levers and links between the shutter blade 12 and the shutter blade 11, and also the stopping movement of the shutter blade 11 also in this case the extent of the opening movement of the shutter blades 11 and 12 effectively divisible by one.

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In the above-mentioned gap closure, the armature 2j5 is after Excitation of the electromagnet 1 7 attracted by this against the action of the return spring 24 and thereby the Drive plunger 18 is moved in the direction indicated by an arrow, so that the outer ends of the links 21 and 22 moved outwards and the upper and lower levers I3 and I5 be pivoted about their pivot points 20> This movement serves to separate the shutter blades 11 and 12 from the optical The main axis of the lens L as well as move away from each other in order to create a lens opening for the recording. as well the levers 14 and 16 are about the associated pivot points 20 pivoted together with the opening movement of the shutter blades 11 and 12. Limited in the course of this opening movement the diaphragm adjustment arm 25 or the spindle 125 this movement, so that the recording can take place at a given aperture. After de-energizing the electromagnet I7, the pulls Return spring 24 the links 21 and 22 and accordingly the shutter blades 11 and 12 to each other, whereby the shutter is closed. Accordingly, the time during which the Electromagnet I7 is energized, the exposure time, and the extent in which the shutter blades 11 and 12 are opened, along with this duration of excitation, the exposure.

Although the mechanism for moving the locking blades 11 and 12 has been specified in the exemplary embodiments so that the locking blades 11 and 12 move in opposite directions, it is clear that | present invention also various modifications in structure ϊ

S includes, for example, that only one shutter blade is movable or the shutter contains only one shutter blade, the movement of which forms an opening gap for the exposure. It is also clear that various improvements and modifications are possible insofar as they are within the scope of this through present

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Invention characterized features lie. The shutter built into the recording camera according to the invention allows therefore the opening movement of a shutter blade is only as far as is predetermined by an aperture value, and in this way results in a gap which is defined by this limited opening movement.

When generating a spatially perceptible image by means of the lenticular screen of the recording camera, many individual images are generated in a direction transverse to the lenticular elements, so that it is important to use an objective which has its largest opening in the direction along which these projected images meet one another are lined up. Therefore, a sealing is sufficient with an opening across the longitudinal direction of the lenticular lens elements, as described above, all of the requirements in this type of photographing and needs the outside like ^a s effective surface area of the lens not to sweep region lying itself. In comparison to a conventional round objective, as it is used in the exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 3-5, an objective according to FIG. 6, which, viewed from the front, represents a slender rectangle corresponding to the shutter opening, is to be preferred. Such a special lens is also advantageous in the sense that it takes less space and also the application of the closure facilitates front of or behind the lens.

From the preceding description it can be seen that the Although camera according to the invention in front of the photosensitive Layer contains a lenticular screen, but the recording process is very similar to that of a normal recording

Through this

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The picture can be taken with a single exposure and at a high shutter speed, ie not only for a moving object, but also in connection with flash light or stroboscopic lighting. The created possibility of synchronized flash photos and photos of fast moving objects results in a functional broadening of the field of application of the production of spatially perceptible images. According to the invention, the camera can for this purpose easy construction, cheap and be of low weight, whereby the recording directly viewable spatial images are made popular £ can, at the same time the Möglichkeit- gegeb ?, α is a number of prints from an original by darkroom produced by a single exposure. According to the invention, neither a scanning mechanism in the camera for image reversal nor a mechanism for synchronously moving a slit above and in synchronism with the photosensitive material is required. The required dark room facility can also be set suitably for a large number of recording conditions without much ado.

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Claims (1)

- 25 - y-law-11 Expectations 1. Device for generating three-dimensional images , characterized by a holder for a lenticular screen (M) in front of a light-sensitive layer (F) for fixing the lenticular screen (M) as well as the light-sensitive layer (F) to one another in a photographic camera with a taking lens. 2. Device for generating three-dimensional images, characterized by an optical arrangement of a light source (SL) and a lenticular screen (M) for generating lighting lines extending parallel to the longitudinal direction of the lenticular elements of the lenticular screen (M) behind the lenticular screen (M), a holder to move an original (F ¹ ) in the plane of the best sharpness of the lines of illumination transversely to this, and by a further holder to move a no ^ h unexposed photosensitive material (F) in a plane behind the original (F ¹ ) relative to this . 3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the objective (L _Q ) in a direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the lenticular elements (m., M_, m,) has a greater extent than parallel to the longitudinal direction of the lenticular elements (m., Nip, m ,) and that close of the lens (L) a shutter (S _Q ) adapted to its shape is arranged. k. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the shutter (S) has plate-shaped shutter blades (11, 12) which define an opening gap which extends transversely to the longitudinal direction of the lenticular elements (JTi ₁ , nu, m,), i.e. also transversely to the direction the generatrix of the cylindrical lenticular lens elements (In ₁ , m ₂ , m,) yes extends. - 26 - y-law-11 5. Vprrichtung according to claim 4, characterized in, that the breech blocks (11, 12) with a movement component are movably mounted perpendicular to the mutually facing edges of the shutter blades (11, 12). 6. Device according to one of claims 3-5, characterized in that .ie front view of the lens (L _Q ) is a slim DC rectangle. 7. Device according to one of claims 4-6, characterized in that the plate-shaped shutter blades (11, 12) cover the effective opening of the lens (L) and by means of an electromagnet (17) can be moved away from one another into an open ^T _f age. δ. Device according to one of claims 4-7, characterized characterized in that the column-shaped shutter blades (11, 12) due to the adjustability the extent of their opening are also an adjustable aperture. 9. Apparatus according to claim 7 and 8, characterized in that that the extent of the opening of the shutter blades caused by the electromagnet (17) (11. 12) adjustable to a predetermined diaphragm value by a stop (diaphragm adjustment arm 25, spindle 125) is. 10. Device according to one of claims 7-9 »thereby characterized in that, in addition, the excitation time for the electromagnet (17) corresponding to a predetermined Shutter opening time is adjustable.