DE7443430U - Compression spring made of elastomer material for rail vehicles - Google Patents

Description

• α γ.

Kurt Pommereit
Elastomer products
GmbH & Co. KG

8500 Nuremberg Koenigstrasse 34

Nuremberg, Dec. 30, 1974 Reg. 741230

COMPRESSION SPRING MADE OF ELASTOMER MATERIAL FOR RAIL VEHICLES

The innovation concerns a compression spring made of elastomer material
for rail vehicles in the form of a ring with both sides
Permanently connected deck panes, predominantly made of sheet steel.

It is known that compression springs made of elastomer material with vulcanized cover disks are used, the spring ring being designed as a cylindrical part. Furthermore are
Compression springs of this type are known in which the outside area is drawn in towards the inside. However, these springs all have the disadvantage that they do not have an even distribution of stress and thus, in order to avoid overloading, only a small one
Suspension travel is possible.

Even with known compression springs with a circular cross-section or one that corresponds to a symmetrical cross-section, there is an uneven distribution of stress during the various pressure phases. This also applies to cross-sections a symmetrical inward drawn outer surface.

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Λ- With all the known compression springs for rail vehicles it is' /

7 has the disadvantage that, due to the unequal compressive stress

verteilur.g do not have a graduated spring behavior.

The task of the innovation is to eliminate this disadvantage in spring elements of the type mentioned in more detail at the beginning. the The innovation is thus intended to make it possible for the spring to initially have a soft characteristic curve when the spring is subjected to pressure, and this even with increasing progressiveness and the same end force, compared with a symmetrically arranged rubber-metal spring, given is.

The stated object is achieved according to the invention in that the cross-sectional area of the spring ring is shaped by a spherical envelope curve is limited on the outside and by an inside inclined towards the ceiling panes, with a convex envelope curve has a larger curve section with a strong and a smaller curve section with a flat curvature, and the strong curved curve section has a fillet-like transition to the lower cover disk, while the flat curved curve section abuts the upper cover disk at an acute angle.

Furthermore, an advantageous embodiment of the compression spring is given in that the inclined relative to the cover disks Inside of the spring ring the shape of a polygon, predominantly an octagon, and the spherical envelope curve on the outside predominantly has the shape of a circle.

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In another advantageous development, the upper The lower cover disk of the spring washer has an inner circular one Auslochunq, whereby the perforation of the upper cover disk is larger, that of the lower one smaller than the predominantly octagonal one Inside of the spring ring is * -, and that the outer Foim preferably that of a circle, the diameter of the outer circle being equal to or greater than the maximum diameter of the outer envelope of the spring washer.

In the event of a pressure load, one advantageously designed according to the innovation At the same time, a bending stress is introduced into the compression spring, which in the form of a rolling process up to a compact one System is given and thus the desired softer and more progressive characteristic curve compared to the previously known Allows compression springs of this type. This is mainly felt to be particularly advantageous because, as is known, at increasing load speed or load acceleration, For example, in the case of shock loads or shock loads in frequent succession, a significant "hardening of the characteristic curve basically occurs with all elastomers, and this disadvantage is reduced by the design of compression springs according to the innovation will. In the case of a compression spring according to the innovation, there is also a lateral shear load or at the same time combined pressure and shear loads give a significantly softer characteristic curve.

7443430 17.D7.75

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An exemplary embodiment of the innovation is described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

It shows:

Fig. 1 is a side view of the proposed compression spring, with half of the spring is shown in section and

FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1, the lower half not being shown in full is.

The compression spring proposed according to the invention has according to FIG. 1 a spring ring 1 made of elastomer material, the cross-sectional area 2 of which is surrounded by a spherical envelope curve 3 on the outside and from an inner side 4 inclined towards the cover disks 5 and 6 is limited. The spherical envelope 3 on the outside of the spring ring 1 consists from a larger curve section 7 with a strong curvature and a smaller curve section 8 with a flat curvature. Of the The strongly curved curve section 7 has a fillet-like transition 9 to the lower cover disk 6. The connection of the flat-curved curve section 8 to the upper cover disk 5 is made by an acute angle 10. The upper cover disk 5 of the spring ring 1 has approximately in the middle area of the Cross-sectional area 2 of the spring ring 1 has a number of holes 11 in such a way that through these holes in one piece with the spring ring 1 connected mushroom-like elevations 12 protrude. The outer diameter of the mushroom-like elevations 12 is larger than that Through perforation 11 of the upper cover disk 5 provided for the elastomer material in each case. The lower cover disk 6

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facing the mushroom-like elevations 12 of the upper cover disk 5 spherical indentations 13. The mushroom-like elevations 12 made of elastomer material and the spherical indentations 13 are chosen so that when stacking individual A positive interlocking of the individual compression springs is given to compression springs to form a compression spring package.

The design of the inner surface 14 of the spring ring 1 can be seen from FIG. 2, this having the shape of an octagon in the example shown. The upper and lower cover disks 5 and 6 have the same outer diameter 15. The inner perforation is different for the two cover disks 5 and 6. The upper cover plate 5 has a circular inner hole 16,
the slightly larger than the corner diameter of the octagonal
Inner surface 14 is. In contrast, the lower cover plate 6 has a considerably smaller inner perforation 17.

PROTECTION CLAIMS:

Claims (5)

-: 6 - ■ 'Reg. 741230 PROTECTION CLAIMS 1. Compression springs made of elastomer material for rail vehicles in the form of a ring with cover disks firmly connected on both sides, predominantly made of sheet steel, thereby characterized in that the cross-sectional area (2) of the spring ring (1) from a spherical envelope curve (3) on the Outside and is bounded by an inside inclined towards the cover disks (5, 6), the spherical envelope curve (3) a larger curve section (7) with a strong and a smaller curve section (8) with a flat curvature has, and the strongly curved curve section (7) has a fillet-like transition (9) to the lower cover disk (6), while the flat curved curve section (8) at an acute angle (10) to the upper deck : disc (5) hits. 2. Compression spring according to claim 1, characterized in that the the inside (4) of the spring is inclined with respect to the cover disks : derringes (1) the shape of a polygon, predominantly one j octagon, and the spherical envelope curve (3) on the outside predominantly has the shape of a circle. 3. Compression spring according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the upper and lower cover plate (5,6) of the spring ring (1) each has an inner circular perforation (16, 17), the perforation (16) of the upper cover plate (5) larger, that of the lower (6) is smaller than the predominantly octagonal inside (4) of the spring ring (1) and that the 7443430 07/17/75 - 7 - Reg. 741230 outer shape has that of a circle, the diameter of the outer circle (15) being equal to or greater than the maximum The diameter of the spherical envelope curve (3) of the spring ring (1) is. 4. Compression spring according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the upper cover plate (51 predominantly in the middle area of the spring ring (1) any number predominantly has sixteen perforations (11) and that through these perforations it is integral with the spring ring \ 1) connected mushroom-like elevations (12) protrude, the The outer diameter of the mushroom-like elevations (12) is greater than the diameter of the respectively assigned perforation (11) That? Has 5. A compression spring according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in d e lower cover disc (6) against the mushroom-like projections (12) of the upper cover plate (5) in such ball-like indentations (13) that, when superposed 1 ". Any number of spring-back springs creates a reciprocal interlocking between elevation (12) and indentation (13). 7443430 07/17/75 A.
Reg. 741230
5 Spring washer 1 Cross sectional area 2 spherical envelope 3 inside 4th Cover disk (upper) 5 Cover disk (lower) 6th great curvature 7th flat curvature 8th fillet-like transition 9 acute angle 10 Perforation 11th fungal elevations 12th spherical indentations 13th Inner surface (of the spring washer) 14th Outer circle 15th circular perforation (upper cover disk) 16 circular perforation (lower cover plate) 17th 7443430 17.87.75