DE70979C - Distiller with water bath - Google Patents

Description

IMPERIAL

PATENTAMT.N &

CLASS 23: Fat Industry.

The present invention relates to a water bath still, which · particularly suitable for distilling turpentine, resin oil, rosin and in general suitable for all resins and fatty substances (e.g. petroleum) that are highly flammable, or if, as a result of excessively high dry heat, there is a risk of burning products which gives the distillation products an unpleasant odor and a dark one Give color. This smell in particular makes the resin oils unsaleable.

The still with an ordinary water bath does not give enough heat to make rosin and to be able to distill other resins and produce the oil in question.

The apparatus described below has all the advantages of a still with ordinary water bath, one produces sufficient strong heat by means of superheated steam and with the help of the vacuum, which through the special arrangement of a suction or driving tube is generated.

Fig. Ι of the drawing is a vertical section of the still with water bath;

Fig. 2 shows in vertical section a similar still with a modified construction.

This still consists of a bubble 1, in the interior of which the water bath 3 is arranged is. The bladder 1 and the water bath 3 are screwed or bolted directly to the helmet 4; the latter is bent over in the shape of a rounded beak rather than the shape of a to have an enlarged dome, as is the case with ordinary distillery helmets.

Between the bladder 1 and the water bath, 3 lies an annular space, the width of which is variable.

Preferably inventors give this space a width of 10 cm when it comes to the Distillation of turpentine, and of 5 cm if it is the distillation of rosin oil (Rosin and other resins), regardless of the size of the still.

The distance between the bottom of the water bath and the bottom of the bladder varies also between 20 and 45 cm, depending on the volume of the apparatus. The length or depth of the water bath must always be greater than its width.

The bladder ι contains 12 in its lower part Water and, in the annular space 1, steam for heating the water to be distilled Fabrics; the latter are introduced into space 3 through opening 21. 22 is a flue pipe for the distillation residues. The water bath has a circular opening 2 in the bottom, into which a tube 7 opens, the lower diameter of which is 5 to 10 cm, depending on the volume of the apparatus.

This tube rises through the water bath and the helmet, where there is the same bend makes like the helmet beak and ends in the beginning of the neck 6. Here is its diameter only half that at the base.

The helmet beak and the beginning of the gooseneck are preferably

ordered so that its inner diameter is three times as large as the outer diameter of the Pipe so that there is sufficient space around the latter for the vapors to pass freely through of the substance in distillation remains.

The lower part of the bladder is provided with a tube 13 through which it is connected to a with water-filled container 14 is in communication. .

The level of the water in the container 14 is 10 to 20 cm above the bubble bottom. The container 14 is fed with running water and has an overflow pipe provided in such a way that the water in the bladder is always the same as previously indicated Height has. The furnace 11 is so arranged that the whole bladder is surrounded by it. The water in the lower part gives off vapors which enter the space between the Bubble and the water bath rise and through that in the center of the water bath located pipe 7 escape.

The water vapors flowing out into the throat at the end of the tube 7 ripen the vapors of the substance to be distilled, a suction effect arises which allows it to work with it to distill the new apparatus at a lower temperature than those which have been used up to now were required.

The fumes of the too. distilling matter does not linger in the helmet, consequently they are not attacked by the heat and the distillation is much faster.

Furthermore, the water vapors get into the gooseneck with the vapors of the to be distilled Substance in contact and mix with the same.

The water vapors ripen the essence or oil vapors with them, enveloping them as it were and clean and wash them as they pass through the cooling coil.

The essence or the oil, which is intimately mixed with the water when it emerges, arrives into a container, which in its lower part with a drain cock and at the top with is provided with a beak. The water settles in this container - because it is specific is heavier - on the bottom of the vessel, where it picks up all the impurities, while the oil or essence remains on the surface.

Instead of a single central tube, several can be used, which are then unite at the beginning of the gooseneck; however, it is more beneficial to use only one.

The purpose of the difference in diameter at the base and at the end of the central tube is to give the steam a faster movement and thereby increase its drag force, which becomes so strong that if the heat is increased to a certain extent, the mass to be distilled is lifted up and sucked in. Required for this reason the new apparatus had much less heat than the ordinary stills. Further it still has the advantage that the substance to be distilled down to the last particles is distilled so that when the apparatus is opened it appears empty.

The faster the turpentine spirit is distilled, the better; i. · the brighter and less its residue is colored. In order to favor this, the whole crowd must be as quick as possible to be heated.

For this purpose, the inventor uses a boiler 5, Fig. 1, in the form of a hollow ring, into which water is introduced through the funnel 16, which in turn is fed through a tap 17 is lockable. ' This hollow ring or cup 5 stands by a removable tube 18 with the interior of the water bath in communication, and the pipe 18 terminates in the form of a Shower; it is also provided with two taps 19 and 20.

The cock 20 serves to prevent the entry of steam into the water bath as soon as the distillation of the essence is finished; this prevents the steam makes the rosin opaque. The tap ig serves to let the steam escape to leave as soon as the cock 20 is closed.

If it is a question of substances which require great heat for their distillation, ■ such as B. for the conversion of the rosin into OeI, then the Water layer 12, instead of, as previously described, in the bladder itself, in a digester 10, FIG. 2, which is connected to the bladder 1 by means of a tube 9.

The means and arrangement for introducing the water through the pipe 13 into the Containers ι ο are the same as in the previous one with reference to the water layer in the bladder 1, Fig. 1.

In order to obtain the steam required for the distillation, the container ι ο is in a furnace 11 arranged. The steam formed penetrates through the pipe 9, which passes through the Middle of the second furnace 8 is enough. Before the steam spreads in the bubble 1 and rises in the central tube 7, it is up to the highest. Overheated degree that you can reach can. The steam that has spread in the bubble is raised by the second furnace surrounding the bubble its high temperature.

Claims (1)

Patent Claims: A still with a water bath, characterized by the arrangement of the one with the Bladder ι communicating container 14 for Securing a constant water level in the bladder 1, as well as the above narrowing pipe 7 for sucking off the distillation products with or without the annular boiler 5 and the immersion tube 18 for the purpose of introducing water vapor into the material to be distilled for the purpose of rapid and even heating (Fig. 1) As a modification of the apparatus characterized by claim 1, the arrangement a cooker connected to the bladder 1 ι ο in the second furnace 11 for the purpose of overheating the one supplied by the cooker Water vapor (Fig. 2). 1 sheet of drawings.