DE705367C - Process for quenching and tempering gemstones by heating - Google Patents

Process for quenching and tempering gemstones by heating

Info

Publication number
DE705367C
DE705367C DEM145044D DEM0145044D DE705367C DE 705367 C DE705367 C DE 705367C DE M145044 D DEM145044 D DE M145044D DE M0145044 D DEM0145044 D DE M0145044D DE 705367 C DE705367 C DE 705367C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
gemstones
heating
tempering
pressure
quenching
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEM145044D
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Dr Marie Therese Mackowsky
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MARIE THERESE MACKOWSKY DR
Original Assignee
MARIE THERESE MACKOWSKY DR
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MARIE THERESE MACKOWSKY DR filed Critical MARIE THERESE MACKOWSKY DR
Priority to DEM145044D priority Critical patent/DE705367C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE705367C publication Critical patent/DE705367C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
    • C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
    • C30B29/10—Inorganic compounds or compositions
    • C30B29/16—Oxides
    • C30B29/22—Complex oxides
    • C30B29/26—Complex oxides with formula BMe2O4, wherein B is Mg, Ni, Co, Al, Zn, or Cd and Me is Fe, Ga, Sc, Cr, Co, or Al

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zuinVergüten von Schmucksteinen durch Erhitzen Schmucksteine -können durch Brennen in der Farbe veredelt werden. Dadurch wird eine Wertsteigerung hervorgerufen. So brennt man z. B. Amethyste bestimmter Fundorte zu hochwertigen Goldtopasen. Das Brennen geschieht heute in kleinen öfen, die durch Gas bzw. Kohle geheizt werden. Die zur Farbveredelung notwendige Temperatur schwankt für die einzelnen Steine zwischen q.oo bis i50° C.Process for tempering gemstones by heating gemstones -can be refined by firing in the color. This will add value evoked. So you burn z. B. Amethysts from certain localities to high quality Gold topaz. The burning takes place today in small ovens, which are made of gas or coal be heated. The temperature required for color finishing varies for the individual Stones between q.oo to i50 ° C.

Die Schmucksteine sind jedoch keine homogene Masse. Sie enthalten in vielen Fällen kleine Gas- bzw. Flüssigkeitseinschlüsse. Infolge der hohen Temperatur, der die Schmucksteine während des Brennprozesses ausgesetzt sind, dehnen sich diese Gas- bzw. Flüssigkeitseinschlüsse aus. Dies hat zur Folge, daß der Brennstein durch den dabei entstehenden Druck rissig wird oder sogar in kleine Teile zerspringt. Derartige gesprungene Steine können nicht mehr zu Schmucksteinen verschliffen werden. Der dadurch hervorgerufene Verlust schwankt zwischen 15 und 4o%. Es wurde nun gefunden, daß dieser Verlust sich stark verringern läßt, wenn man die Erhitzung unter Drück durchführt. Dies kann z. B. in folgender Weise ausgeführt werden: In einer elektrisch heizbaren Druckbombe mit einem automatischen Wärmeregler ist feuchter Sand gelagert. In den feuchten Sand wird das Brenngefäß aus hitzebeständigem Baustoff (Porzellan) gestellt. In dem Brenngefäß befinden sich zwischen trockenem Sand die zu brennenden Schmucksteine. Das Brenngefäß ist unverschlossen.However, the gemstones are not a homogeneous mass. In many cases they contain small gas or liquid inclusions. As a result of the high temperature to which the gemstones are exposed during the firing process, these gas or liquid inclusions expand. As a result, the resulting pressure cracks the fuel stone or even breaks it into small pieces. Such cracked stones can no longer be ground into gemstones. The loss caused thereby varies between 1 and 5% 4o. It has now been found that this loss can be greatly reduced if the heating is carried out under pressure. This can e.g. B. be carried out in the following way: Moist sand is stored in an electrically heatable pressure bomb with an automatic heat regulator. The furnace made of heat-resistant building material (porcelain) is placed in the damp sand. The gemstones to be burned are located in the firing vessel between dry sand. The firing vessel is unlocked.

Beim Erhitzen der Bombe verdampft das Wasser des feuchten Sandes. Dadurch wird ein Druck erzeugt, der in jedem Teil der Druckbombe gleich stark ist. Er übt also auch seine Wirkung auf die sich im Brenngefäß befindenden Schmucksteine aus und hebt die Wirkung des in den Steinen beim Erhitzen entstehenden Innendrucks ganz oder teilweise auf. Zahlreiche Versuche haben gezeigt, daß in einer Druckbombe durch einen Druck von 8 bis to atü das Springen bzw. Splittern der Schmucksteine beim Brennen von 15 bis 4oo'o auf 5 bis io% herabgesetzt werden kann. Zur Erzeugung dieses Druckes sind für eine Bombe mit 5ooo ccm Inhalt etwa i 5 ccm Wasser erforderlich. Selbstverständlich kann der Druck in der Druckbombe auch auf andere Weise, z. B. mit Hilfe einer Pumpe° oder einer Druckgasflasche, erzeugt werden..When the bomb is heated, the water in the moist sand evaporates. This creates a pressure that is equally strong in every part of the pressure bomb. It also has an effect on the gemstones in the furnace and partially or completely negates the effect of the internal pressure that arises in the stones when they are heated. Numerous tests have shown that, in a pressure bomb, the cracking or splitting of the gemstones when burning can be reduced from 15 to 4oo'o to 5 to 10% by a pressure of 8 to 100%. To generate this pressure, a bomb with a volume of 5,000 cc requires about 1.5 cc of water. Of course, the pressure in the pressure bomb can also be done in other ways, e.g. B. with the help of a pump ° or a pressurized gas cylinder ..

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH: Verfahren zum Vergüten von Schmucksteinen durch Erhitzen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schmucksteine unter Druck erhitzt werden.PATENT CLAIM: Process for tempering gemstones by heating, characterized in that the gemstones are heated under pressure.
DEM145044D 1939-05-09 1939-05-09 Process for quenching and tempering gemstones by heating Expired DE705367C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEM145044D DE705367C (en) 1939-05-09 1939-05-09 Process for quenching and tempering gemstones by heating

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEM145044D DE705367C (en) 1939-05-09 1939-05-09 Process for quenching and tempering gemstones by heating

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE705367C true DE705367C (en) 1941-04-25

Family

ID=7335689

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEM145044D Expired DE705367C (en) 1939-05-09 1939-05-09 Process for quenching and tempering gemstones by heating

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE705367C (en)

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