DE69402892T3 - Gefrierverfahren und -vorrichtung - Google Patents
Gefrierverfahren und -vorrichtungInfo
- Publication number
- DE69402892T3 DE69402892T3 DE69402892T DE69402892T DE69402892T3 DE 69402892 T3 DE69402892 T3 DE 69402892T3 DE 69402892 T DE69402892 T DE 69402892T DE 69402892 T DE69402892 T DE 69402892T DE 69402892 T3 DE69402892 T3 DE 69402892T3
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- spray nozzle
- row
- source
- pressure
- coolant
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 title claims description 53
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 title claims description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 189
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 48
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 21
- 235000015220 hamburgers Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000286209 Phasianidae Species 0.000 description 3
- VLYDPWNOCPZGEV-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzyl-dimethyl-[2-[2-[2-methyl-4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenoxy]ethoxy]ethyl]azanium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Cl-].CC1=CC(C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OCCOCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 VLYDPWNOCPZGEV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 241000272517 Anseriformes Species 0.000 description 1
- 101100406487 Drosophila melanogaster Or47a gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013330 chicken meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
- A23B2/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general
- A23B2/80—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
- A23B2/803—Materials being transported through or in the apparatus, with or without shaping, e.g. in the form of powders, granules or flakes
- A23B2/8033—Materials being transported through or in the apparatus, with or without shaping, e.g. in the form of powders, granules or flakes with packages or with shaping in the form of blocks or portions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
- A23B2/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general
- A23B2/80—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
- A23B2/85—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling with addition of or treatment with chemicals
- A23B2/88—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling with addition of or treatment with chemicals with direct contact between the food and the chemical, e.g. liquid N2 at cryogenic temperature
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
- A23B4/00—Preservation of meat, sausages, fish or fish products
- A23B4/06—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
- A23B4/062—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling the materials being transported through or in the apparatus with or without shaping, e.g. in the form of powder, granules or flakes
- A23B4/064—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling the materials being transported through or in the apparatus with or without shaping, e.g. in the form of powder, granules or flakes with packages or with shaping in the form of blocks or portions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
- A23B4/00—Preservation of meat, sausages, fish or fish products
- A23B4/06—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
- A23B4/08—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling with addition of chemicals or treatment with chemicals before or during cooling, e.g. in the form of an ice coating or frozen block
- A23B4/09—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling with addition of chemicals or treatment with chemicals before or during cooling, e.g. in the form of an ice coating or frozen block with direct contact between the food and the chemical, e.g. liquid N2, at cryogenic temperature
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
- B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
- B05B1/3405—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
- B05B1/341—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet
- B05B1/3421—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber
- B05B1/3431—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber the channels being formed at the interface of cooperating elements, e.g. by means of grooves
- B05B1/3447—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber the channels being formed at the interface of cooperating elements, e.g. by means of grooves the interface being a cylinder having the same axis as the outlet
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D29/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25D29/001—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for cryogenic fluid systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
- F25D3/10—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air
- F25D3/11—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air with conveyors carrying articles to be cooled through the cooling space
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
- B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
- B05B1/3405—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
- B05B1/341—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet
- B05B1/3415—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with swirl imparting inserts upstream of the swirl chamber
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
- B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
- B05B1/3405—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
- B05B1/341—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet
- B05B1/3421—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber
- B05B1/3431—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber the channels being formed at the interface of cooperating elements, e.g. by means of grooves
- B05B1/3442—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber the channels being formed at the interface of cooperating elements, e.g. by means of grooves the interface being a cone having the same axis as the outlet
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB939303212A GB9303212D0 (en) | 1993-02-17 | 1993-02-17 | Method and apparatus for freezing |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE69402892D1 DE69402892D1 (de) | 1997-06-05 |
| DE69402892T2 DE69402892T2 (de) | 1997-08-14 |
| DE69402892T3 true DE69402892T3 (de) | 2001-08-23 |
Family
ID=10730608
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE69402892T Expired - Fee Related DE69402892T3 (de) | 1993-02-17 | 1994-02-15 | Gefrierverfahren und -vorrichtung |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5630321A (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP0611933B2 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JPH06300410A (enExample) |
| BR (1) | BR9400598A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA2115619A1 (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE69402892T3 (enExample) |
| GB (1) | GB9303212D0 (enExample) |
| TW (1) | TW258784B (enExample) |
| ZA (1) | ZA941031B (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (33)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE1009212A6 (nl) * | 1995-03-16 | 1996-12-03 | Oxhydrique Internationale L | Werkwijze en inrichting voor het controleren van de temperatuur van een poeder- en/of korrelvormige grondstof. |
| US5873254A (en) * | 1996-09-06 | 1999-02-23 | Interface Multigrad Technology | Device and methods for multigradient directional cooling and warming of biological samples |
| US5813237A (en) * | 1997-06-27 | 1998-09-29 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Cryogenic apparatus and method for spraying a cryogen incorporating generation of two phase flow |
| DE19728622A1 (de) * | 1997-07-04 | 1999-01-07 | Stephan Dipl Ing Rieth | Verfahren und Vorrichtung für die Erzeugung eines Aerosols |
| FR2766738B1 (fr) * | 1997-08-01 | 1999-09-03 | Air Liquide | Procede et dispositif de pulverisation sequentielle d'un liquide cryogenique, procede et installation de refroidissement en comportant application |
| DE19917778C1 (de) * | 1999-04-20 | 2000-09-21 | Sollich Kg | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Kühlen von Warenstücken, insbesondere von mit Schokolademasse überzogenen Süßwaren |
| FR2836212B1 (fr) * | 2002-02-20 | 2004-10-15 | Air Liquide | Installation de delivrance d'un produit congele et son procede d'utilisation |
| WO2004017000A1 (en) * | 2002-08-16 | 2004-02-26 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Method and apparatus for surface crust freezing of food products |
| FR2853404A1 (fr) * | 2003-04-07 | 2004-10-08 | Air Liquide | Procede de determination de parametres de fonctionnement d'une installation comprenant une enceinte de refroidissement |
| DE102004015741A1 (de) * | 2004-03-29 | 2005-10-20 | Sms Demag Ag | Vorrichtung zum Kühlen von Blechen und Bändern |
| US7464559B2 (en) * | 2005-10-07 | 2008-12-16 | Stokely-Van Camp, Inc. | Bottle cooler and method |
| US8096138B2 (en) * | 2005-10-07 | 2012-01-17 | Stokely-Van Camp, Inc. | Bottle pasteurizer and method |
| DE102006045266A1 (de) * | 2006-09-22 | 2008-04-03 | Linde Ag | Vorrichtung zum Kühlen und/oder Frosten von Stoffen |
| FR2928520B1 (fr) * | 2008-03-12 | 2014-09-26 | Air Liquide | Dispositif et procede de refroidissement ou surgelation par jets impactants de produits alimentaires |
| KR101203237B1 (ko) * | 2008-06-19 | 2012-11-20 | 마우리시오 리오세코 오리후엘라 | 액체 질소와의 직접 계량 접촉을 통해 식품을 초고속 냉동하는 장치 |
| US20140230460A1 (en) * | 2009-12-22 | 2014-08-21 | Michael D. Newman | Heat flux freezer control apparatus and method |
| DE102010020429B4 (de) * | 2010-05-12 | 2024-02-22 | Khs Gmbh | Pasteur mit geregelter Spritzmenge |
| GB201115555D0 (en) * | 2011-09-08 | 2011-10-26 | Linde Aktiengesellshcaft | A tunnel |
| JP6508707B2 (ja) * | 2015-01-27 | 2019-05-08 | 有限会社クールテクノス | 低温液化ガスの噴射状態の調整方法および低温液化ガス噴射装置 |
| US10274251B2 (en) | 2016-03-16 | 2019-04-30 | Walmart Apollo, Llc | Systems and methods for cooling products during transportation |
| AU2018230528B2 (en) | 2017-03-06 | 2024-03-14 | Nitrocrete Llc | Cooling system and method |
| US20190170424A1 (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2019-06-06 | Shanghai Ocean University | Jet nozzle structure of impact-type freezer |
| CN107883630A (zh) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-04-06 | 广州鲜之源生态冷链技术有限公司 | 一种菜肴的液氮制冷装置及制冷方法 |
| CN107883629A (zh) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-04-06 | 广州鲜之源生态冷链技术有限公司 | 一种米饭的液氮制冷装置及制冷方法 |
| CN107883631A (zh) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-04-06 | 广州鲜之源生态冷链技术有限公司 | 一种多节点温度调控装置及调控方法 |
| CN108592489A (zh) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-09-28 | 南通星诺冷冻设备有限公司 | 一种新型喷淋式包冰机 |
| CN109341170A (zh) * | 2018-10-19 | 2019-02-15 | 罗代旺 | 一种用于智能工业设备的散热装置 |
| IT201900007190A1 (it) * | 2019-05-24 | 2020-11-24 | Pnr Italia S R L | Ugello o bocchello atomizzatore smontabile |
| CN110959745A (zh) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-07 | 内蒙古蒙牛乳业(集团)股份有限公司 | 脆筒类冷饮巧克力凝冻装置及保持巧克力脆筒脆性的方法 |
| US11700862B2 (en) | 2021-07-31 | 2023-07-18 | Guangdong Ocean University | Energy-saving quick-freezing method for golden pomfret |
| CN113455537B (zh) * | 2021-07-31 | 2022-02-01 | 广东海洋大学 | 一种金鲳鱼的节能速冻方法 |
| CN114704986B (zh) * | 2022-04-01 | 2024-03-19 | 上海潮乡源食品有限公司 | 一种高品质速冻牛排加工用的速冻设备 |
| CN114849923A (zh) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-08-05 | 江西师范大学 | 一种小龙虾包冰锁鲜用粘合剂智能喷洒设备 |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US850216A (en) * | 1905-10-07 | 1907-04-16 | John F Dornfeld | Spraying-nozzle. |
| US2305210A (en) * | 1940-10-28 | 1942-12-15 | Spraying Systems Co | Spray shaper |
| US3072346A (en) * | 1961-09-29 | 1963-01-08 | Spraying Systems Co | Spray nozzle |
| US3214928A (en) * | 1963-03-22 | 1965-11-02 | Oberdorfer Karl | Method and apparatus for freezing food products |
| US3427820A (en) * | 1966-11-14 | 1969-02-18 | Reliquifier Corp Of America | Cryogenic flash freezing machines |
| US3531946A (en) * | 1968-07-09 | 1970-10-06 | Elmwood Liquid Products Inc | Cryogenic-mechanical refrigeration apparatus |
| US3746262A (en) * | 1971-10-12 | 1973-07-17 | Bete Fog Nozzle Inc | Spray nozzle |
| US4086784A (en) * | 1976-12-15 | 1978-05-02 | Hollymatic Corporation | Apparatus for refrigerating articles |
| US4350027A (en) * | 1981-10-05 | 1982-09-21 | Lewis Tyree Jr | Cryogenic refrigeration apparatus |
| US4406407A (en) * | 1981-11-17 | 1983-09-27 | Wm. Steinen Mfg. Co. | High flow low energy solid cone spray nozzle |
| US4475351A (en) † | 1983-08-09 | 1984-10-09 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Dual-flow cryogenic freezer |
| US4813245A (en) * | 1988-01-13 | 1989-03-21 | Liquid Air Corporation | High efficiency linear freezer |
| US4934151A (en) * | 1989-07-07 | 1990-06-19 | Kyokujitsu Company., Ltd. | Continuous multistage thermal processing apparatus, freezing control method for use by the apparatus, and apparatus for preparing a recording medium for the control method |
| US5054292A (en) * | 1990-07-13 | 1991-10-08 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Cryogenic freezer control |
-
1993
- 1993-02-17 GB GB939303212A patent/GB9303212D0/en active Pending
-
1994
- 1994-02-14 CA CA002115619A patent/CA2115619A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-02-15 EP EP94102276A patent/EP0611933B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-02-15 DE DE69402892T patent/DE69402892T3/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-02-15 ZA ZA941031A patent/ZA941031B/xx unknown
- 1994-02-15 TW TW083101174A patent/TW258784B/zh active
- 1994-02-17 BR BR9400598A patent/BR9400598A/pt active Search and Examination
- 1994-02-17 JP JP6043072A patent/JPH06300410A/ja active Pending
-
1995
- 1995-01-03 US US08/367,911 patent/US5630321A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR9400598A (pt) | 1994-08-23 |
| EP0611933A2 (en) | 1994-08-24 |
| GB9303212D0 (en) | 1993-03-31 |
| TW258784B (enExample) | 1995-10-01 |
| CA2115619A1 (en) | 1994-08-18 |
| ZA941031B (en) | 1995-08-15 |
| DE69402892T2 (de) | 1997-08-14 |
| EP0611933B2 (en) | 2001-05-02 |
| EP0611933A3 (en) | 1994-11-30 |
| EP0611933B1 (en) | 1997-05-02 |
| DE69402892D1 (de) | 1997-06-05 |
| US5630321A (en) | 1997-05-20 |
| JPH06300410A (ja) | 1994-10-28 |
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