DE685987C - Calculating machine or the like - Google Patents

Description

Calculating machine or the like. The invention relates to calculating machines or the like. with printing device for addition and subtraction and preferably for achieving more precisely negative and positive sums by means of a movable or pivotable one Counter in which an adding pinion set and subtracting pinion set are indirect or comb together immediately.

In such machines, when it is desired to have the machine a to have a different type of calculation carried out than for the previous machine game, the counter must be set in such a way that the correct pinion set comes into engagement with the drive links at the right time during machine play.

Machines that have an adding and subtracting unit with two so arranged Use pinion sets that these are shifted or pivoted around the one or other set of pinions to work with the single set of pinion racks to let are known. In addition and subtraction processes, the arithmetic unit pinions are out of engagement with the drive racks during the forward stroke of the machine play, and the arithmetic logic unit can switch from the adding to the subtracting position or vice versa during of the forward stroke of an adding or subtracting game without loss of time or be pivoted. However, a difficulty arises during the total draw because the arithmetic unit pinion pulls the sum during the entire forward stroke of the machine game must remain in engagement with the drive racks. Consequently is the time during which the arithmetic unit swivels when adding and subtracting or can be moved, not available for this purpose when dragging the totals. In some of the known machines, an intermediate stroke or idling must be carried out to swivel or move the arithmetic unit in front of a summation. The subtraction lever must be brought into the subtraction position before the intermediate stroke, if the sum to be drawn in the following machine game is negative. Hence occurs with the older machines with a sliding or swiveling counter of the Disadvantage is that the machine is given a special empty pull before the total pull must be, and since the counter during the previous pressing of the sum key Intermediate stroke or empty pull into the type of totaling contained in the counter Position must be shifted or pivoted, each automatic Control of the arithmetic unit for its automatic setting according to the sign the sum contained in it rather complicated.

It is also already known that the Aus, # N "4hj @ :: of the adding or subtracting arithmetic logic unit without an intermediate stroke before the sum move, namely by the fact that the for a ' complete play of the machine is sufficiently extended, so that the arithmetic unit from its adding position to its subtracting position or vice versa the triggering of the drive racks for the movement shifted or pivoted can be. This extension of the working time required for the machine but is disadvantageous in itself, especially since this lengthens every game of the machine and the adding, subtracting and entering work of the machine the sum drawing processes exceed many times in number.

In other known machines, the arithmetic unit is made up of its adding moved into its subtraction position or vice versa by hand in front of a sum move; but this, too, is inherently disadvantageous because it is the work to be done by the computer increased. Either the computer has to use a different key or a different one Operate lever, or the work done by pressing the sum key is is increased.

The above-mentioned disadvantages are, in a calculating machine o. with printing device that has an adding and subtracting counter with a set of Adding gears connected to a set of subtracting gears, and one Has means that after setting a control device and during the Machine gear the set of pinions which with the adjusting members in engagement is to be brought, selects and the selected pinion set of the counter with the Brings adjusting drive members into engagement, avoided by the invention, according to the a member adjustable by means of the control device is provided. that at the Engaging movement between the counter and your engine on a switching device acts to select the gear set that will mesh with the engine target. The invention thus enables the shortest and fastest at any time Work of the machine without unnecessarily stressing the manual controls or buttons and the computer will set special keys before starting the machine got to.

In the drawing are exemplary embodiments of the subject matter of the invention shown. Fig. I is a right side view of the machine, of which the casing removed and showing the parts in their normal position. Fig. A is a partial supervision on the keyboard of the machine.

Figure 3 is a partial right side view of the device at the rear - the machine's pure control of the addition and subtraction setting of the counter, where the '' parts are shown in addition.

Fig.q. FIG. 13 is a partial right side view of the device on FIG rear side for controlling the addition and subtraction setting of the counter, the parts are shown in subtraction setting, while the counter is in engagement with the pinion racks.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of part of the device at the rear the machine, which is the supporting device for the counter and certain controls.

Figure 6 is a view of the transfer device in the normal addition position. Fig.7 is a view similar to Fig.6 showing the parts in the initial transfer position are.

Fig.8 is a view similar to Fig.6, in which the parts show their positions take after a full transmission has occurred.

Fig. G is a view similar to Fig. 6 with a position of Parts in which a deduction is made rather than a transfer.

Fig.io is a diagram of the overlay and fugitive one devices, in which all parts are in normal or addition position.

Fig. I i is a partial right side view of a portion of the coating device, wherein the counter is in addition position.

Fig. 12 is a view similar to Fig. I i showing the counter is in subtraction position and the parts take the layers before a coating entry.

Fig. 13 is a view similar to Fig. 12 showing the parts of the Take up position after coating has occurred.

Fig. 14 is a view similar to Fig. 13 in which the device is moved from the subtraction to the addition position after an overlay has occurred and the machine has been working.

Fig. 15 is a right side view of the controls that control the machine let it work automatically by pressing the sum key to get a positive or to draw a negative sum depending on the sign of the sum in the counter.

Figure 16 is a right side view of the adjustment controls of the machine to add or subtract by depressing an add or a subtracter motor rail. Fig.17 is a sectional plan view on the line 17-17 of Fig. 16, which is the locking slide for the sum and sub-total keys in position shows. to allow these keys to be depressed.

Fig. 18 is a fragmentary view similar to Fig. 17 but showing the Totals and subtotal keys locked shows when a negative total is in the machine is available.

Fig. 19 is a section along the line 19-ig of Fig. 17, in the direction of seen the arrows.

The subject of the invention is a Burroughs portable machine which is commercially available and whose general characteristics are known.

The object of the invention can also be incorporated in machines of other types. General arrangement of the calculating machine The machine carries a keyboard io with a number of rows of depressible amount keys i i. As usual, there are nine rows of nine keys each. The keypad also carries a series of control keys consisting of a sum key T, a sub-sum key ST, a non-add key NA, a repeat key R and an error key E. The machine also has a subtraction lever 12 for setting the machine for addition or subtraction. This lever assumes the adding position in the position shown in solid lines in Fig. I, and the subtraction position in the position @ shown in dotted lines.

The machine can be operated either by hand or by a motor are driven; the machine according to fig. i is operated by the handle 13. As soon as the machine is operated, a main drive shaft 1q. first the clock hand counter-clockwise, whereupon it returns to its original position returns.

During the forward stroke, a series of pinion racks 15 Approved. They move upwards under the influence of springs until they are in different positions by the engagement of stop rails 16, which with connected to them, shut down with the shafts of depressed amount keys will. Each drive rack carries a type rail 17, which with its drive rack is adjusted lengthways. After the type rails are set, a printing device becomes operated, the hammers 18 are shown in Fig. i, uni the amount to that of paper held by the platen P to print. One or more counters are provided to work with the drive racks, and the engagement and disengagement of the Counter is controlled by a connecting rod 2o. In the pictures is only one counter is shown. The connecting rod normally takes the ones shown in fig. I and 3 position shown in which the counter is not in engagement with the drive racks is. The connecting rod is moved backwards by a drive plate 21 which is swung by the drive shaft. The drive plate has two for this purpose Pins 22 and 23.

During the forward stroke with an addition, the drive plate swings 2i counterclockwise; but the pins 22 and 23 do not engage any part of the Rod 2o to move them. Meanwhile, the pin 23 passes one on the upper one Arm of the rod rotatable pawl 2q., And detected near the beginning of the return stroke this pin 23 has a shoulder on the pawl 24 and moves the rod 2o backwards, and this swings the counter into engagement with the drive racks. Near the end of the return stroke, the pin 22 engages the hook end 25 of the lower arm of the Rod 2o and moves rod 25 back forward to disengage the counter to swing with the drive racks.

When the sum key? ' or sub-total key ST is pressed, a handlebar 26 is moved downward. This swings a pawl 27 on the lower one Arm of the rod 2o is rotatable, in the way of the pin 22. By pressing down the sum key T also becomes the front hook end of one on the upper arm of the bar 2o rotatable pawl 28 depressed, and the depression of the pawl 28 swings the pawl 24 out of the path of the pin 23. If now the drive plate 21 is the clock hand swings against during the forward stroke of the machine, the pin 22 detects the End of the pawl 27, and the rod 2o is moved backwards to put the counter in Engaging with the pinion racks to move before their ascent. During their ascent the racks turn the counter pinion back to o to get the total from the counter to pull. Appropriate stops, yet to be described, are provided around the pinions of the counter in the o-positions. Near the end of the forward stroke of the machine, when the sum key T has been depressed, the pen 23 detects that hook-shaped end of the pawl 28 and pulls the rod forward again to the Counter disengaged from the drive racks before they descend swing and therefore to leave the counter pinion in the o-position.

Depression of the sub-total key ST has the same consequences as described above, only that this key is not the hook-shaped end of the pawl 28 moved into the path of pin 23 so that the connecting rod does not turn is moved forward at the end of the forward stroke and the counter pinion is engaged stay with the pinion racks during their descent and put the total back in the counter is used. The stylus engages near the end of the return stroke 22 the hook-shaped end 25 of the lower arm of the connecting rod2o and swings the counting% Verk out of engagement with the drive racks.

Adding-Subtr, ahier-counter device The counter device, illustrated in the present embodiment of the invention the genus of swingable counters. It consists of two sets of each other connected counter pinions. For convenience, the lower set will be 30 (Fig. 3 and 5) the addition pinion set and the upper set 40 called the subtraction pinion set, although in reality the two pinion sets work together to provide addition and Perform subtraction.

The addition pinions 3o are rotatable on a shaft 31, and the subtraction pinions 40 are rotatably arranged on a shaft 41. The two shafts 31 and 41 are held by a U-shaped, swingable frame 32 (Fig. 5). The same is attached to stub shafts 33 on the right and left, which are mounted in a swingable counter frame. It consists of two arms 34 which are attached to a shaft 35 rotatable in the machine side frame (Fig. 5). Cross pieces are arranged between the arms. It should be noted that the counter pinion shafts 31 and 41 lie on opposite sides of the axis of the stub shaft 33 about which the U-frame 32 swings. The counter frame 34 is swung forward and backward into engagement and out of engagement of the scratch with the drive racks 15 by the already described rod 2o. This is done in the following way: As can be seen from Fig. 1, the rod 20 is connected to a crank 36 attached to a shaft 37. A cam 38 is also attached to this shaft, the cam slot of which engages via a roller 39 on one of the stub shafts 33 which is mounted in the side frame of the fence frame 34. As soon as the rod 2o is moved backwards from the position of Fig. I, the cam 38 meshes the roller 39 forwards and swings the counter frame counterclockwise in order to bring the counter pinions, which are in the working position, into engagement with the drive racks. As soon as the rod 2o is pulled forward again, the cam 38, together with a spring 39a (Fig. 4), brings the counter frame back in a clockwise direction in order to disengage the counter from the drive racks.

For addition, the oscillating counter takes the one shown in Fig. 3 Location a. With such a setting of the Zähhverkes the same will happen with the racks engaged before their descent, and the addition pinions3o in rows, in buttons are depressed are turned counterclockwise as soon as the racks move downwards by the amount for an addition to count.

For a subtraction, the oscillating counter takes the one shown in Fig. 4. position shown. In this position it will be with the racks before their downward movement is brought into engagement, and the downward movement of the racks becomes the subtraction pinion 40 counter-clockwise in rows in which keys are pressed; but this will turn the addition pinion clockwise, i.e. H. in the opposite direction for addition. Addition and subtraction «; therefore ground by turning the pinion 3o in running in opposite directions.

Automatic adjustment of the counter As mentioned above, precaution is a precaution taken to set the counter for addition or subtraction without you have to give the machine an idle stroke.

It can be seen from Figs. 3 and 5 that the left-hand shaft stub 33 carries a plate which carries two pins 42 and 43 on its left side. These are arranged on opposite sides of the axis of the shaft 33. With these A scissor-shaped trap device works together. This consists of two links 44 and 45 which rest on a pin 46 on the left arm of the counter frame 34 are rotatable and are urged against one another by a spring 47. Shoulders links 44 and 45 cooperate with their respective pins 42 and 43. They also have lateral projections 49 and 48 at their left-hand ends, such as can be seen from Fig. 4.

When the swingable frame 32 is in the position shown in Fig stands so engages the shoulder on the upper arm 44 over the pin 42 and locks the swingable frame in the position shown. If the swingable frame 32 in its opposite position shown in Figure 3 stands, the shoulder on the lower link 45 engages the pin 43, and the swingable The frame is locked in this position.

An arm 50 (section 3) is arranged between the projections 48 and 49, the edges of which can grasp the projections as soon as the arm is moved up and down. The end of the arm 5o has such a shape that it can capture the pins 42 and 43, as will be described. This arm is based on a yoke 51 which can be rotated in 52 on the machine frame. Another arm 53 of the yoke 51 has a forked end which, via a pin 54, can grip a yoke 55 rotatable in 56 on the machine frame. One arm of the latter is connected to a link 57, which in turn is connected to the subtraction lever 12 (section i). The device described adjusts the counter automatically in the following way: Assume that the counter is in the addition position shown in Figure 3. The subtraction lever i2 is in the extended position shown in Fig. I. Also assume that one wishes to subtract an amount in the counter. The subtraction lever 12 is moved backwards into the position shown in phantom in Fig. I and pushes the handlebar 57 backwards. This swings the yoke 55 in the counterclockwise direction, and the yoke 55 swings the yoke 51 and its arm 50 in the clockwise direction. The arm 50 moves downwardly into engagement with the projection 48 of the arm 45 and moves the same downwardly to disengage its shoulder from the pin 43 at the same time that the front end of the arm 50 moves in front of the pin 43. At the beginning of the return , during the machine's work cycle, the counter frame 34 is swung by the cam 38 in the counterclockwise direction, and this counter frame takes the swingable frame. 32 and the counter 30 and 40 with it. As soon as the counter frame 34 swings in the counterclockwise direction, the pin 43 of the swingable frame is locked by the end of the arm 50 with the result that, as soon as the counter frame continues its movement, the swingable frame is automatically swung counterclockwise until it reaches the position shown in Fig. 4, in which the latch 44 snaps behind the pin 42 and holds the swingable frame in its subtraction position. This movement is very fast, ie the counter frame 34 is swung immediately at the beginning of the backward stroke .der machine, and the swingable frame is also swung immediately by the movement of the counter frame, and the whole movement is such that the swingable frame in the correct position before the counter pinion engages in the drive racks.

If, as soon as the swingable frame 32 is in the position shown in Fig. 3, an amount is added, the effect described above does not occur because the arm 5o is in its upper position and has no opportunity to close the counter vibrate because the addition pinions are already in their working position.

However, if the swingable frame 32 is in the subtracting position at the time when an amount is to be added, the frame will swing automatically. In order to add the amount, the subtraction lever is moved from its position shown in dash-dotted lines to its position shown in solid fine lines in Fig. I. This swings the yoke 55 clockwise and causes the arm 50 to move in the counterclockwise direction. The arm 5o engages the extension 49 and lifts the drop arm 44 from the pin 42. At the same time, the end of the arm 50 in front of the pin 42 moves so that at the beginning of the backward stroke of the machine when an addition is carried out, the swinging of the counter frame 34 automatically swings the frame 32 from its subtraction position into its addition position, where it swings through the latch 45 is locked.

Provision is made to secure the counter pinions against accidental rotation as they are swung by the device, in the following manner: The swingable frame 32 has a rearwardly extending projection 6o (section 5) with two curved surfaces which cooperate with a nose 61 on an arm 62 which is rotatable on the shaft 63 carried by side arms of the counter frame 34. The upper end of the arm 62 is curved and its rear edge cooperates with a pin 64 on an arm 65 which is rotatable in 66 and which is urged by a spring 67 in the clockwise direction. A front extension of this arm carries one end of a bracket 68 the other end of which is carried by a similar arm. The bracket 68 can move between the teeth of the pinions 40 and the tickles, when so adjusted, are secured against rotation. Since the spills are 4o with the tickling 30 is engaged, the tickle 30 are secured against rotation. When the counter is in the position shown in Fig. 5, the bracket is in the position shown there and the counter pinion can rotate freely. However, when the counter is swung by swinging the frame 32, the movement of the frame in an anti-clockwise direction causes one of the cam surfaces to act on the cam 61 and swing the arm 62 in the clockwise direction. The cam edge on the upper curved edge of the arm 62 engages the pin 64 and moves the arm 65 counterclockwise against the tension of the spring 67 and swings the bracket 68 down between the teeth of the tickle 4o. In other words, as soon as the counter frame 32 is swung, the bracket 168 is swung down to prevent the tickle from rotating. After the tickle have been swung into their new position, the cam projection 6o goes past the nose 61, whereupon the spring 67 swings the arm 65 and bracket 68 back into the original .Ststellung to free the counter pinion.

Transmission device The transmission device is more well known Art and is shown in Figs. 6 to 9. As the construction for each row except for the lowest order and highest order, the two are the same will be described later, the description of the transmission device will refer to limited a number.

Each location of the transmission device includes a toothed transmission segment 70 having a sufficient number of teeth to permit its engagement with either its addition or subtraction pinion when the counter is swung backward out of engagement with the drive racks. This transmission segment is rotatable on a shaft 7r and is urged in a counterclockwise direction in Fig. 6 by a spring 72 connected to the arm 73 of the segment. However, it is normally prevented from such movement by a latch 74, the shoulder 75 of which engages a projection 76 on the arm 73 of the transmission segment.

The latch 74 is released by a latch 77 which is rotatable on a shaft 63 and is urged counterclockwise by a spring 78. At its upper end, a shoulder or nose 79 is arranged for engagement with a downwardly protruding projection 8o on the latch 7..1. The pawl 77 has two cam lugs 8 1 and 82, which can work together with corresponding transfer projections 83 and 84 on the relevant tickles 30 and 4o. The cam lug 81 cooperates with a transfer projection consisting of a wide tooth 83 on the tickle 3o, and the cam lug 82 cooperates with a transfer projection consisting of a wide tooth 84 on the tickle 4o. Briefly, the operation is as follows: Assume that the counter pinions are in the position shown in Fig. 6 and that an addition is to be carried out. Once the machine is operating, the tickles 30 will move into engagement with the pinion racks just prior to their downward movement. This moves the pinion 4o away from the transmission device, as shown in Fig. 7. Assume that one of the tickles 3o passes through its o-position as the racks move downward. If this occurs, the transmission projection 84 acts on the tickle 4o, which combs at 3o, on the nose 82 and pushes the pawl 77 backwards into the position shown in FIG. This pawl 77 is blocked in this position by a latch 85, which is urged upward by the spring 78 behind a lateral projection 77q on the pawl 77 . The above movement is what is known as an initial transfer, i.e. the parts are set to the position in Figure 7 so that transfer will take place when the counters are swung out of engagement with the drive racks and into engagement with the transmission segments.

Near the end of the machine's return stroke, the counter frame 34 is swung to swing the tickles 30 out of engagement with the pinion racks and this brings the tickles into engagement with the transmission segments 70. Once the tickles are swung backward, the engages Pawl 77, which has been moved rearward and held in place by its latch 85, engages the arm 80 of its latch 74 and swings the latch upward to release the transmission segment. This then moves in the opposite clockwise direction under the influence of its spring 72, the movement being limited to one step by a shoulder 87 on the latch 74. The position of the parts after the transfer is as shown in Figure 8. As soon as the transmission segment 77 moves, as described, it rotates the tickle of the next higher order by one unit and therefore effects a transmission, the movement being carried out both in the pinion 30 and 4o. As it moves, the transmission segment engages a laterally projecting projection 86 on the latch 85 and swings the latch clockwise, as seen in Fig. 8, to release the release pawl 77, which is then returned to its normal position by its spring 78.

The transmission segments are returned to their normal position by a reset bracket 88. From Figures 3, 6 to 9 it can be seen that the reset bracket 88 cooperates with the cam slots 89 through the lower parts of the transmission segments. The bracket is carried by arms 88 " ; 37 is fixed (Figure 4) the bracket 88 also engages in slots 88, a limb 88.1 and is thereby guided in its movement as soon as:.. the cam 38 in the direction of: counter-clockwise swinging to the counter in To engage the pinion racks, yoke 88 is moved downward and contacts one of the edges of the cam grooves 89 in the displaced transfer segments to return it to its normal position it on at the beginning of the forward stroke because the controls on the machine are set to swing the counters into engagement with the pinion racks at the beginning of the forward stroke, at the end of the last calculation During operation, the segments are left in the positions they were moved to by the last calculation. When a sum is drawn, the segments are automatically reset as soon as the counter is moved into engagement with the drive racks, with the result that the transfer segments are all moved to the normal position before the totalizing operation begins.

If a deduction is made instead of a transfer, that is Actuation of the transfer mechanism is the same, only the transfer projections are on the trigger 83 on the addition pinions 3o the projections that adjust the pawls, wherein the location of the parts is that shown in Figure 9.

The transmission mechanism described works in the same way as the known, only that the adjusting pawls 77 with two cam lugs instead of one are provided in order to adapt the movement to the two counting gear sets. Sum train for positive sums The facility for drawing positive sums is different not significantly different from that found in the well-known Burroughs portable machine is. It will therefore only be described briefly.

Pressing the sum key T moves the handlebar 26 (A.bb. r) down. This moves the pawl 27 on the connecting rod 2o in the path of the Pin 22 so that the connecting rod is at the beginning of the forward stroke moved back and thereby the counters in engagement with the drive racks The start of the forward stroke swings.

If the subtraction lever is in the addition position at this time and if the addition pinions are also in position for this machine gear, the counter moves into engagement in the usual manner. However, if the subtraction lever is in the addition position and the subtraction pinions 40 are in the working position, the counter is automatically, as described above, pivoted, so that the addition set of pinions 30 comes into engagement with the drive racks, since it is necessary that this pinion set in the racks are engaged in drawing a positive sum.

As soon as the machine starts to work, the drive racks go up and the addition pinions are driven in the opposite direction to that in which they were rotated when entering positive amounts into the machine. As is known, these pinions must be stopped in their o-positions so that the drive racks can be stopped in different positions according to the amount in the counter. The pinions are stopped in the o-position as follows: When the sum key is pressed in Fig. Z, a lever go rotatable in 56 is swiveled. This lever carries a pin 92 which engages part of a lever 93 which is also rotatable in 56 and is provided with a pawl 94 held by a spring at its rear end. When the sub-total key ST is pressed, it pivots the lever 93 independently of go and moves the pawl 94. When the sum or sub-total key is pressed, this pawl is moved upwards so that its end is in front of a crank pin 95 at the end of the Crank 96 is, which is attached to a shaft 97 and a comb plate 98 carries (_Abb.4 and 5). This shaft and comb plate are supported by the upper ends of the side arms of the counter frame 34 so that when the counter is pivoted into engagement with the drive racks, the comb plate is moved forward. If the pawl 94 is adjusted at this time to catch the pin 9.5, the comb plate 98 is pivoted in a clockwise direction, thereby moving behind upper projections of the adjustment pawls 77 to prevent them from moving backwards. The consequence is that; when the wide-area teeth of the counter pinion reach the noses 81 or, if applicable, 8.2 , the pinions are stopped because the wide-area teeth 83 or 84 cannot mesh the release pawls 77 backwards. When the counter frame is pivoted backwards again to disengage the pinions from the drive racks, the comb plate moves back to the normal position under the influence of a spring 99 (Fig. 4) which urges it to the normal position. It can be seen from Fig.5 that the comb plate also serves as a guide for the pawls 77.

The comb plate 98 is used to fulfill a further task, namely to ensure that the adjustment pawls 77. always move forward with the counter when the latter is moved into engagement with the drive racks. The counter is moved very suddenly, and if the adjusting pawls should not follow due to inertia, as will be explained later, an initial transmission could be made which would cause an error. In order to avoid this, the plate 98 is pivoted every time the counter is moved into engagement with the drive racks, in order thereby to forcibly move the adjusting pawls 77 forward. This pivoting is performed as follows. An alignment shaft ioo (Figures 3, 4 and 5) for the pinion racks is held in the machine side frame. This shaft is cut away and forms a portion of substantially semicircular cross-sections so that when the shaft is rotated the lower edge of the cutout moves between the teeth of the pinion racks to keep them aligned. This shaft is swung after the pinion racks have been adjusted differently at the end of the machine's forward stroke. In Fig. I, the drive plate 2i, which is swung with each work cycle, is connected to an arm Io2 that can be rotated in Ios by a handlebar ioi. Another arm io4 is rotatable in 105 on arm io2 and is urged in the counterclockwise direction by a spring iob. The parts are dimensioned relative to one another so that, near the end of the machine's forward stroke, the end of the arm 104 engages a roller 107 (Fig. 4) on a rocker plate io8 which is mounted on the alignment shaft ioo. This swings the alignment shaft ioo clockwise against the tension of a spring io9. The pivot plate io8 carries a second roller iio (Fig. 5) in such a position that it is gripped by the end of an arm iii rotatable in i i2 on an extension of one of the arms of the counter frame 34. A slot in the arm iii engages via a pin I 1 3 on a shaft 97 mounted on the crank arm 113a (Fig. 5). When the alignment shaft ioo and its pivot plate io8 are pivoted as described above in the forward stroke of the machine, the detected. Roll i io the free end of arm iii and swings the same counterclockwise and causes pin I 13, shaft 97 and its comb plate 98 to swivel clockwise so that the inner edges of the guide slots in the comb plate against the rear Edges of the vertical lugs of the pawls 77 are set in order to ensure the inevitable movement of these pawls nach.vorn simultaneously with the counter frame 34 at the beginning of the backward stroke and thereby prevent an accidental initial transmission with its resulting full transmission. The remaining of the pawls 77 could otherwise result in the latches 85 engaging behind the projections 77a on the pawls 77 as in Fig. 7, with the result that an incorrect transfer could take place.

During the backward stroke of the machine before the descent, the drive segments 15, the clockwise rotation of the drive plate 2i swivels out the Alignment shaft ioo from engagement with the drive segments and moves the Roll ioo away from arm i i i so that combplate 98 is counterclockwise can be pivoted by the spring 99 and the transmission pawls for initial Transmissions lv can clear during the descent of the drive racks. .

Draw for negative sums True negative sums are drawn in exactly the same way as positive sums, ie by pressing the same sum key T and giving the machine a single stroke. But these sums are drawn while the subtraction pinions 4o are in mesh with the drive racks, in contrast to the addition pinions 30, which must be in mesh with the racks when drawing a positive sum. A device which automatically ensures that when a positive sum is drawn, the addition pinion 30 and when a negative sum is drawn, the subtraction pinion 40 meshes with the drive racks 15, is described below.

Fleeting one if. The tickle one for both addition and the counter that can be used for subtraction can either go forward or backward move their ooooooooo position, an error of i occurs in the lowest digit one known in the art as the fleeting one. This can be briefly as follows be explained: Each 'of the counter pinion of a calculating machine has, as usual, a transmission projection that cooperates with a transmission pawl. When the counter pinion is in ooo ooo ooo position ready to add amounts are, the transmission projection of each tickle is directly on its pawl. When an amount is added, the protrusions move from their pawls away in an additive direction. If any of the tickles all around up to his 9 position comes, its transmission projection is back on its transmission pawl, but on the opposite side of the starting position. The next Movement step given to this tickle triggers the transmission pawl and leads a transfer.

When subtraction is to be performed, the transfer projections should the pinions similarly start from their transmission pawls, d. H. she should start at the pawls from o positions and move away from the pawls. When subtracting, however, the tickles move in the opposite direction, compared- with the addition. When the tickles are in their ooo ooo ooo positions for addition, so the transfer projections are obviously on the wrong side of the pawls, as far as subtraction is concerned. For any kind of tickling you take z. B. suppose that it in o or addition start position and its transfer projection just ahead its transmission pawl is. When additions are made, the transfer lead moves away from its o-position from the transmission pawl. When he starts the tickle subtractive in this position, d. H. rotated in the opposite direction would the first movement step does not move the transfer projection away from its pawl, how it should be done, but he would pull it against the latch with that Successes that the first step of the movement cause an incorrect transmission would. For subtraction, the transfer projections should be from one position to on the opposite side of the transmission pawls as for addition.

The problem, therefore, is to get the tickle from an initial position for addition in an initial position for subtraction. One of the easiest The means to do this is to have a transmission occur across the machine leaves.

Take z. B. suppose that the tickle is in its ooo ooo ooo position for Are addition. Assume now that the one-pinion gear is backward or subtractive is moved one step. This movement step releases the tens transmission pawl and pulls off a unit from the ten-digit pinion. The ten-digit sprocket is then rotated backwards by one unit so that its transfer projection moves to the opposite side of its transmission pawl. The ten pinion pulls a unit from the hundred pinion and the hundred pinion pulls a unit from the thousand pinion etc. to the machine, with the success that, all the tickling above the - ones place can be moved by a series of transfers, so that their transmission projections are on the opposite sides of their transmission pawls are as they were in their initial position for addition. In other words, the projections are now in the correct position for starting subtraction work. The one-pinion gear is also on the opposite side of its 1 transmission pawl and in the right position for starting subtraction work. But this tickle was moved into this position by subtracting a unit from him, the should be counted. If a sum were to be drawn, it would be ooo ooo ooo, while i was actually subtracted from o ". Instead of that now the one-pinion is really in the right position, it should be one step from its over-. pawl must be removed to show that the one unit has been subtracted is. Moving the ones one step into their correct position will do that Typing in the fleeting one called.

It is, therefore, clear that a means of turning the tickle into its proper one Bringing initial position for subtraction is to enter a transfer to leave, but in order to effect this transmission, a unit must be in the single pinion can be used. The subtraction of this unit brings about the necessary transfer, to get the tickles in the right position ', but the one pinion itself is not in the right position. It has to be one step further in Subtraction direction can be moved to record the unit that is entered has been.

When the counter pinion through its o-positions in the reverse Direction to be moved, d. H. from a negative total to a positive one Summing up, the reverse of the above process takes place, and precaution must be taken be taken to the fleeting one in the one position also in this case to introduce.

Machines have been designed in which the fleeting one comes through Pressing a special key or introduced by moving one of the 'control keys is, for example, the subtraction lever that operates the device to the to use volatile one immediately. But this requires the operation of a special lever or button, which means special work. In some machines also the introduction of the volatile one has the adjustment of the transmission device result. so that the machine must be given a clearance stroke every time the special key is pressed to be sure that the transmission @ device is in normal position before a sum is drawn.

Other machines use the volatile one every time the Machine is changed from addition to subtraction position and vice versa. this happens, as usual, with a subtraction lever or key that is either actuated the device directly or set the same in such a way that the volatile One is used automatically when the machine is operated. The difficulty in these arrangements, the volatile one is used many times will when it is not needed because although a large number of subtractions can be executed, but a negative total rarely occurs. Furthermore means the insertion of this fleeting one during every change in sign of the calculation, that the machine must always be given a clearance stroke to be sure that the transmission device in the normal position before the next machine game is. Sometimes two spacing strokes are required.

Other arrangements are made by the counter pinion of the highest order Use and have the sketchy one put in every time you put this pinion yourself moved out of its 9-in or through its o-position and vice versa. One of the difficulties in these arrangements is that when the counter pinion is the highest The regulatory agency should move through this position twice, two units would be used while only one would be necessary. is. Furthermore, if the capacity the machine is exceeded in a positive direction, the counter pinion goes the highest regulatory agency. from »its 9- through its o-position, and a fleeting one One is used when it is not necessary. Even with this facility a distance stroke of the machine is required.

According to the invention, the volatile one is used automatically without the need to operate any special keys or levers, and it is not used every time a subtraction occurs or every time the counter pinion of the highest digit moves through its o position. Instead, it is automatically only introduced when the counter changes from a positive to a negative state and vice versa. The new device which achieves this success will now be described. In Fig. Io the pinions 30 and 4o of the units position are provided with a segment i 2o, the construction of which is similar to the transmission segments of the transmission mechanism. This segment can be rotated on the shaft 71. With a lower cam 121: the reset bracket 88 cooperates to reset the segment in the same way as the transmission segments are reset. A spring i23 is connected to an upwardly projecting arm z22, which pulls the segment in a counter-clockwise direction. The arm 122 has a relatively long lateral projection i24 with which a trap 125 cooperates. The latter forms an arm of a yoke 126 which is rotatable on the shaft 127 and is urged clockwise by a spring 128. The other arm of the yoke 126 carries a pin 129.

The segment i2o is also controlled by a second trap 130 which cooperates with the lateral projection 124. This trap forms an arm of a yoke 131 which is rotatable on shaft 127 and is urged clockwise by the spring 123 which urges the segment arm 122 in the counterclockwise direction. The other arm 132 of the yoke 131 has a shoulder 133 which cooperates with the lateral projection 134 on the arm 135 of a segment 136. The segment 136 is similar to the transmission segments and has a lower, cam-grooved extension 137 to cooperate with the reset bracket 88 by which the segment is returned to the normal position at the same time when the transmission segments are returned. The segment is urged counterclockwise by a spring 138 which also urges yoke 131 clockwise.

An adjusting pawl is rotatable on the shaft 63. This will urged counterclockwise by a spring 141 and has two lobes 142 and 143 similar to those on the adjustment pawls of the transmission mechanism. These cam noses. work with wide teeth 144 and 145 on the highest counter pinions Order together. The Verstellarin 14o has a nose 146 that protrudes downward Can detect projection 147 of the yoke 131. A trap 148 is provided to the To hold the adjustment arm in its triggered position. This trap can be behind you Lateral projection 149 of the pawl 1.1o grab and is 1q..1 in the direction of spring pushed counterclockwise.

If one of the highest-order counter pinions emerges from its 9- moved into or through its o-position or vice versa, the adjusting pawl 140 swung clockwise to a position in which the trap 148 is held, which moves behind the lateral projection 1.19. The handle is therefore held in its set position, and when the counter is out of order Engagement with the pinion racks is becve.gt, the shoulder 146 pivots Pawl 140, the Gien projecting arm 147 of the yoke 131 grasps, the yoke against clockwise and lifts latches 132 and 13o so that projections 124 and 134 are released. As a result, segment 136 can move, but it does does no work. It is used because the use of equal parts how it is easier in the transfer mechanism and in returning the parts in the normal position is useful.

Although the adjustment arm 140 by one or the other of the two Zähverksritzel highest order is set regardless of the direction in which it is move does not result in the adjustment of this arm or the pivoting of the yoke 131 induces the insertion of a fleeting one into the one gear. This device does not act as a transmission device to a unit of the pinion highest to the lowest order, and a fleeting one will not be in the ones digit is introduced every time the highest order counter gear is off their 9- go to the o-position and vice versa.

As can be seen, a four-armed lever 150 rotatable on a frame pin iP is provided in the lower left corner of Fig. 10. On one arm of this lever is a forwardly extending link 1 52, the grooved end of which engages over the end of the shaft 31 on which the addition pinion 3o are mounted. On another opposite arm of the four-armed lever, another link 153 is rotatable, the grooved end of which engages over the end of the shaft 41 on which the subtraction pinions 40 are mounted. When the counters are pivoted, the four-armed lever 15o is accordingly pivoted by one of the two shafts 31 or 41.

On a third arm of the four-armed lever 15o is a vertical one Handlebar 154 rotatable by a spring 155 in a counterclockwise direction is pushed. On the fourth arm of the four-way lever is another vertical arm Handlebar 156 rotatable, counter-clockwise by a spring 157 is pushed. The two vertical links 154 and 156 are opposite in their movement clockwise by engaging the rear edges of the handlebars with pins 158 and 159 limited to a link 16o which can be rotated in 161. This link has an extension 162 backwards. This carries a pin 163, which is grooved in a rotatable pawl 16q. cooperates, urged counterclockwise by a spring 165 will (Fig. i i).

The upper end of the vertical link 154 has a shoulder 170 and a bent end 171, these form a groove in which the pin 129 of the yoke 126: can be adjusted. The groove is longer than the diameter of the pin so that the pin has limited movement in the groove.

The upper end of the vertical link 156 has a shoulder 172 and a bent end 173 forming a groove also with pin 129 can work together. This groove is also longer than the diameter of the pin.

If the machine is in addition position while the counter is in o-position or contains a positive sum, take the parts as shown in Fig. i i position shown. It can be seen from Fig. Io and i i that the pin 129 in the Groove of the vertical link 154 is and that .the vertical link 156 off track of the pen is held backwards.

Assume that the counter has changed to the subtraction position will. As you will remember, this occurs automatically as soon as the machine closes work starts when the subtraction lever has been moved to the subtraction position is. As soon as the counters are swiveled counterclockwise, the four-armed Lever in the opposite direction Clock hands swiveled. This pushes the vertical Handlebar 154 upwards and pulls the vertical handlebar 156 downwards. Once the vertical handlebar 154 moves upwards, his shoulder 17o grips the pen 129 and swings the yoke 126 counterclockwise around the shoulder of the trap 125 to lift over the lateral projection 124 on the segment arm i22. The position, in which the parts are moved is shown in fig. As soon as the handlebars 156 moves down, his shoulder 172 moves lower than pen 129, and the bent end 173 of the handlebar engages over the pin 129, as in Fig. 12 shown. The success, in short, is that when the counter is in subtraction position is pivoted, the trap 125 is raised.

The counter is swiveled into subtraction position when it is for an engagement of the pinions in the drive racks is moved. If during the Carrying out the subtraction operation, the counter is in a negative total position goes, the adjustment arm 14o is adjusted. If then the counter disengages is pivoted with the pinion racks, the yoke 131 is pivoted about the trap 13o to raise. Since trap 125 is already raised, segment i2o is free, to move under the influence of its spring 123. As soon as the counter is up moved out of engagement with the pinion racks, the addition pinion moves the ones place in engagement with the teeth of the segment i 2o and once the segment swings counterclockwise, it moves the addition pinion clockwise, and this in turn moves the subtraction pinion of the ones place against Clock hand which subtraction direction is. In other words, it becomes a unit subtracted from the single pinion.

As long as the counter remains in the addition position, the parts remain in the position of Fig. 3 and i i because the shoulder of the trap 125 is behind the protrusion 124 remains. Even if the adjustment arm 14o is set by the pinion of the highest order is and (if yoke 131 is swung to trigger the trap 13o, the segment i2o cannot be triggered because it is held by trap 125. This prevents the onset of the volatile one when the capacity of the counter is exceeded will.

It is now assumed that the above-mentioned subtraction operations do not result in a negative sum and that the counters are swiveled back into the addition position. When this occurs, the four-armed lever i5o is pivoted clockwise and the handlebar 154 is moved downward while the handlebar 156 is raised. When the handlebar 154 moves down, it releases the pin 129 and the spring 128 returns the latch 125 to the locked position so that the parts are again in the position of Figures 3 and ii.

Assume, however, that after the file has been moved into the position shown in Fig. 12, a negative sum occurs, caused by pivoting the counter into the subtraction position. When the negative sum occurs, arm 122 of segment 120 moves counterclockwise as discussed above. It can now be seen from Fig. 10 that, in addition to the arm i22, an arm 174 is rotatable on the shaft 71 and has two lateral projections 175 and 176, one of which is arranged on each side of the arm 122 of the segment. It will be appreciated that arm 174 moves back and forth with arm i22. The arm 174 carries a pin 177 at its upper end which is normally positioned opposite the ends 16, 17r and 173 of the links 154 and 156, as shown in FIG. When a negative sum occurs, arm i22 moves counterclockwise, taking arm 174 with it. The pin 177 on the arm 17. + engages the end 171 of the handlebar 154 and pulls the handlebar counterclockwise into the position of Fig. 13. The rear edge of the handlebar 154 engages the pin 158 (Fig. 12) on: the limb 16o, and as soon as the handlebar 154 moves counterclockwise, the link 16o is pivoted clockwise from the position in Fig. I2 to that of Fig. 13, the link 16o in its new position by the spring-loaded pawl 164 (Fig. io) is held. As soon as the link 16o moves clockwise, the pin 159 which engages the rear edge of the handlebar 156 moves it clockwise to the position of FIG Groove of the handlebar 156 is. The shoulder 170 of the handlebar 154 has been advanced under the pin 129 and the pin is free to move downward by being urged downward by the spring 128 which also urges the latch 125 downward. The pin and trap do not move down immediately because the trap is on the surface of the boss 124, but as soon as segment 12o-122 is moved back, as is the case at the start of the next machine game, the trap 125 moves behind the Approach 12q., And the pin 129 or moves downwards. The return movement of the segment 120 finitely with its arm 122 also pivots the arm 174 in a clockwise direction and pulls the pin 177 away from the bent end 171 of the link 154. As long as the parts remain in the position of FIG. 13, ie with the counters in cover, the trap i25 cannot be triggered a second time because the pin 129 is out of the way of the shoulder 17o on the handlebar 154. Even if the counter pinion of the highest order is out of its o-in or a second time. is moved through its 9 position, which would be the case if the capacity of the counter were exceeded in the negative direction, a second unit will not be used. Such movement of the pinion would trigger trap 13o, but trap 125 would not trigger. If the counters were to be swiveled into the addition position, the trap 12.5 would be triggered, but the capacity of the counter could not be exceeded in the negative direction in this position, the counters.

If a negative total is drawn to set the counter to o, this negative sum is drawn with the counter in the subtraction position. the Pinions are stopped in their subtraction start position without returning to their To go addition start position in order to effect a transmission via the counter. After the negative sum has been drawn, the counter remains in the subtraction position, and another number can be subtracted from o without a second volatile one to use.

Now suppose that after a negative sum occurs and after moving the parts to the position of Fig. 13 instead of the Counters on. o to set the counters back to the addition position in Fig. 14 can be swiveled to add an amount that the counter does not changes from a negative to a positive position. If the counters consist of subtraction be swiveled in the addition position, the four-armed lever i5o clockwise pivoted, the handlebar 156 is pushed up, and the handlebar 154 is after pulled down. As soon as the handlebar 156 moves up, grips its shoulder 172 the pin 129 (Fig. 14) and pushes it upwards. This pivots the yoke 126 counterclockwise and lifts the trap i25 from the attachment 1a4. The downward movement of the handlebar 154 is inactive.

As long as the counter remains in the addition position, the only condition in which the highest order pinion could move through its o position would be when enough amounts have been added to convert the sum from a negative to a positive one. Should this occur, the adjusting pawl is adjusted iq.o, and as soon as the counter is pivoted out of engagement with the drive racks and into engagement with the transmission segments, the yoke is rarely pivoted to raise the latch 13o, whereupon the segment i2o counterclockwise is pivoted. At this time, the one's subtraction pinion 40 is in mesh with segment i2o so that the volatile one is inserted into the one's addition pinion in the adding direction. As soon as the segment i2o moves, the shoulder 176 is gripped by the arm i22 and the arm 174 is pivoted counterclockwise. This brings the pin 177 into engagement with the bent end 173 of the handlebar 156, pivoting the same counterclockwise. The edge of the handlebar 156 engages the pin 159 and pivots the link 16o counterclockwise to a position where it is held by the spring pawl 164. The shoulder 172 of the link 156 is therefore moved forward under the pin z29, which triggers it. The trap 125 is free to move down to a locked position, which will happen when the segment 120-122 is moved back during the next machine game. The return movement of segment 12o moves arm 174 clockwise and removes pin 177 from end 17- of handlebar 156. The movement of the link 16o counterclockwise causes the pin 158 to pivot the link 154 backwards so that the shoulder 17o of this link is below the pin 129. This movement of the parts occurs when the counters are swung into the addition position and a sufficient sum has been added to the counter to change it from the negative to the positive position, and this means that the latch 125 cannot be lifted again until that Counter is moved into subtraction position because the handlebar 156 is held with its shoulder 172 out of engagement with the pin i29 by the spring 157. And this position will not be changed until the counters are swiveled into the subtraction position and a negative total occurs. Accordingly, the capacity of the machine can be exceeded several times in a positive direction, but no matter how many times the highest order counter pinion is moved out of or through its o position, no volatile one will be placed in the lowest order position.

If, before the addition of amounts changes the total from negative to positive, the counters are changed back to the subtraction position, the four-armed lever r5o is swiveled counterclockwise. The handlebar 156 moves downward to move the shoulder 172 downward to release the pin 129 so that the latch 125 moves back to the locked position under the influence of the spring r28. At the same time, the handlebar 154 is moved upwards; but since his shoulder lies back out of the way of the peg r29, it does not lift the peg. The parts are then again in the position shown in Fig. 13, so that no matter how many times the highest order counter pinion triggers the trap 130 by moving it out of its o-position or through its 9-position, it is negative because the counter capacity is exceeded Direction of a second volatile one is not used because the trap 125 is not triggered.

Blocking in the event of negative meter content It is sometimes advisable that the computer is made aware of the sign of the sum before it draws it. This is done in the following way: It can be seen from Figs. I and 2 that a slidable trap plate i8o is arranged between the plates of the key board. This slide has grooves zgi, i82, which work together with vertical grooves in the edges of the shafts of the sum and sub-sum keys; this trap plate iSo is urged backwards by a spring 183 and has shoulders 184 and 195 which cooperate with the subtraction lever 12.

When the subtraction lever is in its addition position, detected he the shoulder 184 and holds the slide in the position of Fig. 2, in which the Grooves iSi and 182 release the shafts of the sum and sub-sum keys. if the subtraction lever is moved backwards into the subtraction position, releases he turned the slider off. This is then moved backwards by its spring i83, so that the slide fits into the grooves in the shafts of the sum and sub-sum keys moved to lock it against being depressed. If now the subtraction lever is in the subtraction position with a positive sum in the machine, the The sum and sub-total keys are locked. When the calculator adds a sum to seeks to draw, he will find that he will not press the sum or sub-total key can what he looks at the position of the subtraction lever. When this is in subtraction position he knows that there is a positive sum in the machine and that he is the subtraction lever must move in addition position.

When a negative sum occurs, a volatile one is inserted as described above by the movement of segment 120 with its arm 12,2. As soon as the arm 122 moves, it moves the arm 174 with its pin 177. The pin 177 engages the end of the handlebar 154 (Fig. 13) and pivots the handlebar counterclockwise. The handlebar 154 engages the pin 158 and pivots the link 16o clockwise which pivots the pin 163 downward in the clockwise direction. On the pin 163, the forked end of a link 186 is disposed riding (Fig. Io), which an arm of a yoke 187 (Fig. II) which is rotatable in 1 88 on a transverse shaft of the engine. The other arm 189 of this yoke extends forward, where it is arranged over a pin igo (Fig. I) on an arm igi of a yoke which can be rotated in iga on the machine side frame. The other arm 193 of the yoke protrudes upwardly into engagement with the rear end of the slide r8o. The arms 189 and igi are held together by a spring 194 '. As soon as the pin 163 moves downwards in a clockwise direction, it pivots the yoke 1 87 (Fig. Ii) in a clockwise direction, this pivots the arm 189 (Fig. I) in a clockwise direction. This tensions the spring 19.4, and the latter then tries to pivot the yoke 191 to 193 counterclockwise and lets the arm 193 push the slide 18o forward. If, however, the subtraction lever is then in the subtraction position, where it touches the shoulder 185 of the slide 18o, the slide is held in a position which allows the sum and sub-total key to be pressed. If, on the other hand, the subtraction lever is then moved forward into the addition position, the spring 194 and yoke igi to 193 move the slide 18o forward so that the slide moves into the grooves of the sum and sub-sum keys to press these keys against 1 \ lower lock if a sufficient amount or amounts are not added on the counter to change the total from a negative to a positive state again. The slider can only be moved to the subtraction position by moving the subtraction lever to trigger the sum and sub-sum key. When this occurs, the subtraction lever engages the shoulder 185 and moves the slider i8o back a short distance - so that the grooves i8i and 182 coincide with the shafts of the sum and sub-sum keys.

In other words, when a negative total occurs, the slider is i8o set so that the sum and sub-total keys are locked when not the subtraction lever is in subtraction position. if the subtraction lever is in the addition position and the calculator draws a sum searches, he'll find the sum keys locked. He is then on the subtraction lever look, and if this is in addition, he knows that the sum is in the machine is negative, whereupon he puts the subtraction lever in the subtraction position moved to read the keys. He can then press the sum key and draw the sum without any difference.

It should be noted that the negative sum locking is essential for effectiveness is adjusted when a negative sum occurs due to the movement of the device to insert the fleeting one. Since the fleeting one is not due to its capacity exceeding counter is used, it follows that the negative sum locking is not activated if the counter exceeds its capacity. Exact positive and negative sums. Handb, etät @ gte; M, a; schia @ ie In the case of the previously described Setup can set an exact negative total by pressing the total or sub-total key be pulled by giving the machine a single working stroke. If but the subtraction lever happens to be in the addition position at the time when an attempt : press the sum or sub-total key; is done, the calculator will do this Find keys locked and he has to put the subtraction lever in the subtraction position before he can hold these keys down to get the negative total. As already mentioned, it is sometimes desirable to point this out to the computer if there is a negative sum in the machine. On the other hand, it is at preferable to some types of work if one avoids having the calculator over the special work stage involves adjusting the subtraction lever. It is now one Construction created by which an exact sum, positive or negative, can be drawn by simply pressing the sum or sub-total key and gives the machine a working stroke. The computer does not need any attention to use whether the sum is positive or negative, and he doesn't need another Operation than pressing the sum or sub-total key and cler To give the machine a working stroke.

In Figure 15, an arm Zoo is rotatable on one of the side plates of the machine and urged clockwise by a spring 201. At its front end, this arm has two projections 2o2 and 203, which are correspondingly arranged under the shafts of the sum key T and the sub-sum key ST. At the front end of the arm Zoo a sliding plate 2o4 is arranged for a limited sliding movement, with the upper projection 2o5 of which a link 2o6 is connected. The latter takes the place of the negative sum locking plate 18o, which was described above, and is connected at its rear end to the arm 193 of the angle lever igi-ig3. The other arm igi of this lever is directly connected to the arm 189 of the negative sum lever instead of a spring connection as described above and shown in Fig. I. A lower projection 207 of the slide plate 204 is, when the machine is in the normal addition position, over a pin 2o8 of an irregularly shaped slide plate Zog, which is mounted on pins 2io and 211 on the side plate of the machine and is urged upwards by a spring 2i2 will. This sliding plate Zog has a rearwardly projecting projection 213. The latter is able to grasp a pin 214 on an extension 215 of the arm 25o, the operation of which has already been described.

When the sliding plate 2o4 moves forward from the position of Fig.15 becomes, its lower projection 207 becomes irregular over a pin 220 on a second Slide plate 221 set, which is mounted on pins 222 and 223 and «through a spring 22.4 is urged upwards. A rear projection 225 of this plate is set to engage a pin 226 on an arm 227 of the yoke 55. These parts work as follows: Assume that there is a positive sum in the machine and that the machine is in addition position with the swiveling counter frame 32 is in addition position, as shown in Figure 5, and the other parts in the position shown in Fig. 15. Suppose further that either the sum or the sub-total key is pressed. The rod of the pressed key becomes the Pivot lever Zoo downward and lower protrusion 207 will engage pin 208 and push the slide Zog downward while the slide 221 stops. Of the rear protrusion 213 of the slider pulled is considerably above that at this time Pin 21q., As shown in Figure 15, so that the downward movement of the slide Pulled the position of the lever 5o not affected. The counter frame is now 32 left in the position shown, and one positive sum can be drawn in the usual way.

When the counter exceeds its capacity in a positive direction should, the arm 186 and the slide 2o6 controlled by it are not moved, because arm 186 will not move unless segment 12o is moved, and the latter is not triggered by the counter's capacity being exceeded. When the slide 2o6 through the passage of the counter pinion of the highest order were moved from its 9 to or through its o position, the projection 2o7 be above the peg 22o, and pressing the sum button would set the arm 5ö, to swivel the counters into subtraction position. In other words, if the highest order counter pinion controls the slide 2o6 so that it controls the Slide 204 adjusts automatically when glass counter moves from positive to negative Position passes and vice versa, this effect does not occur if the capacity of the counter is exceeded in both directions after it has been used once for addition or subtraction has been set.

Assume, however, that if there is a positive total in the machine, the machine is in subtraction at the time the calculator depresses the total or sub-total key. When the machine is in the subtracting position, the lever 50 will have pivoted clockwise from the position shown in Fig. 15 and the pivoting frame 32 will assume its subtracting position, which is counterclockwise from the position shown in Fig. 15. The pin 214 on the extension 21 5 of the arm 5o will be immediately below the projection 213 of the slide 2o9, as shown in Fig. 15 in dash-dotted lines. When either the sum or sub-sum key is pressed, the lever Zoo swings down and the lower protrusion 2a7 of the slide plate 204 engages the pin 208 and pushes the slider 209 downward. When the latter moves down, the projection 213 engages the pin 2i4 and swings the lever 5o counterclockwise. This triggers the latch 44 and puts the end of the lever 50 in front of the pin 42. If the counter frame is now pivoted to move the counter into engagement with the drive racks, the frame 32 is pivoted clockwise to the counter in addition position pivot which is the correct position for drawing a positive sum.

Now assume that a negative sum of the machine and that the Zählwerksrahmen 32 is in its addition position shown in fig. 1. 5 When the negative sum occurred, arm i89 is pivoted clockwise, as described above, and bell crank 193-19i was pivoted counterclockwise to move slider 2o6 forward. The forward movement of the slide plate 2o6 moves the protrusion 2o7 over the pin 22o on the slide plate 22i. Now when either the sum or sub-total key is pressed, the lever Zoo is pivoted downwards and the projection 207 engages the pin 22o and moves the plate 22i downwards against the tension of its spring 224. The sliding plate 2o9 remains. The rear projection 225 of the slide 221 engages the pin 226 and pivots the yoke 55 counterclockwise. This pivots the Ann 50 clockwise, triggers the latch 45 and places the end of the arm 5o in front of the pin 43. As soon as the counter roller is now pivoted to move the counters into engagement with the drive racks, the swingable frame 32 is automatically in Subtraction position swiveled, «-which is the correct position for drawing a negative sum.

Now assume that there is a negative sum in the machine and the counter frame 32 is in its subtraction position. When the frame is 32 in Is subtraction position, the lever 5o assumes its lower position, i. H. he is in a clockwise position opposite that in Fig. 15. This means that the pin 214 is immediately below the projection: 213 of the slide 2o9 and the pin 226 is well below the projection 225 of the slide 22 i, as shown in Fig. 15 in dotted lines. If either the sum or sub-sum key is pressed, the lever 200 is pivoted downward and the projection 2o7 is detected the pin 22o to the slide 221 against the tension of its spring 224 downwards to move. The protrusion 225 moves down; but since the pin 226 is considerable is under the protrusion, the downward movement of the slide does not move the yoke 55, and the parts remain in the position they have assumed for pulling a negative sum is correct, since the counter frame 32 is already in the subtraction position ? st.

From the foregoing it can be seen that the state of the computer is need not pay attention to the machine when drawing a sum. He only needs the sum or sub-total key to press and to give the machine a working stroke, whereupon the correct sum is drawn and printed regardless of whether it is negative or positive.

Exact positive and negative sums for motorized machines The machine is equipped with an addition motor rail 23o, the shaft of which 231 is made in one piece with a sliding plate 2o9, that of the one already described Slide plate 2o9 is similar (Fig. 16). A rear projection 213 of this plate cooperates with the pin 214 on the arm 215, and with another on the Plate attached pin 208, protrusion 207 cooperates.

The slide plate 2o9 is in this case mounted on the pin 21o on the machine side plate and on a pin 232 on a displaceable starting member 233. The member 233 is slidably mounted on the pins 21o and 211, and the pin and groove connection 232 is such that when the slide plate 2o9 is moved down, it entrains the starter member 233. The link 233 has a rear projection 234 overlying a pin 235 on a rotatable arm 236. This arm is connected by a spring 237 to an arm 238 which is fastened on a shaft 239 and which is urged counterclockwise by a spring 240. The shaft extends through the machine and controls the starter switch and coupling for the electrical motor drive, as illustrated in British Patent 380,377. When shaft 239 is pivoted clockwise from the position shown in Figure 16, the engine will start and the machine will be given a power stroke. From the foregoing, it will be seen that when the addition motor rail 230 is pushed, the slide plate 209 is moved downward. This takes the starting member 233 with it and actuates the parts through which the machine is given a working stroke.

The machine is also equipped with a subtraction motor rail 241 which is mounted on a shaft 242. This is connected to a sliding plate 221 similar to the plate 221 already described. This slide plate has a rear projection 225 which cooperates with the pin 226, and also carries a pin 220 with which the projection 207 cooperates. The slide plate is supported on a pin 222 on the side plate of the machine and on a pin 223 on the starter member 233. The pin and groove connection is such that when the slide 221 is moved downward, the starter member 233 is entrained. When the subtraction motor rail 241 is pushed, the slider 22i is moved downward, the link 233 moves downward, the arms 236 and 238 are pivoted, and the machine is given a power stroke.

When the addition and subtraction motor rails are used, the subtraction lever 12 does not need to be on the machine because addition and Subtraction can be performed by simply pressing the correct motor rail can.

If z. B. the adder motor rail is pushed, the slide plate 2o9 and member 233 move down. The downward movement of the slide plate 2o9 causes the protrusion 213 to move downward. When the counter, as shown in Fig. 16, is in the addition position, the lever So will be in the position shown there, and the downward movement of the projection 213 will not affect the position of the lever 50, so that the counter remains in the addition position. However, if the counter should be in the subtract position, the lever will be in a clockwise position opposite that in Figure 16 and the pin 214 will be immediately below the protrusion 213. If the slide plate 209 now moves downwards, the lever So is pivoted counterclockwise to release the latch 44 and move the end of the lever So in front of the pin 42. As soon as the machine is operated, the counter frame 32 is automatically pivoted from the subtraction position to the addition position; to set the machine properly for an addition.

The downward movement of the member 233 pivots the arm 236 and the arm 238 in the clockwise direction and leaves through the motor of the machine provide a working stroke, so that the success of depression consists of the ad ditionsschiene to adjust the parts for addition, if they happen to be in Subtraktionsstellung and give the machine a working stroke.

If the subtraction bar is pressed instead of the addition bar, the slide 221 is moved downwards and it takes the link 233 downwards with it in order to give the machine a working stroke. The downward movement of the slider 221 moves the protrusion 225 downward. When the machine is in the add position as shown in Figure 16, the projection 225 will engage the pin 226 and pivot the yoke 55 counterclockwise. -This pivots the arm So clockwise into its lower position, thereby triggers the latch 45 and sets the end of the arm 50 in front of the pin 43 so that, as soon as the machine is operated, the counter frame 32 is automatically pivoted into the subtraction position before the counters engage in the drive racks.

When the subtraction bar 241 is pressed and the counter is in the subtraction position, the lever 5o will be in its lower position, ie in the clockwise direction opposite the position in Fig. 16, and the pin 226 will be well below the projection 225 with the result that when the subtraction bar is depressed and the projection 225 moves downward, the pin 226 is not captured and the lever 50 can remain in place so that the position of the counter frame 32 does not change. In other words, it is left in its subtraction position, which is the desired position.

From the foregoing it can be seen that the calculator does not have a subtraction lever to operate or to press a subtraction key if it is a subtraction wants to make, he only needs to press the subtraction motor rail, whereupon the machine will do the subtraction in a single working stroke that is its is issued automatically by its motorized drive. When to perform an addition the calculator pushes the addition bar and the machine adds the amounts automatically in a single stroke and without the need to operate any buttons or lever is required to adjust the machine for addition.

The drawing of sums takes place automatically in a similar way. Of the The calculator only needs to press the sum or sub-sum key, whereupon the Machine will automatically draw the sum, regardless of whether it is positive or not is negative. It is not necessary to move any subtraction lever or to push a motor rail. All the calculator does is just add the sum or To press sub-total key - depending on whether it is a total or a sub-total wishes.

If there is a positive total in the machine, pressing the total or sub-total key will pivot arm Zoo downward and arm Zoo will move protrusion 207 downward. The latter grasps the pin 2o8 and moves the slide plate 2o9. When the totalizer is -in addition, the controls will not change when it is. but should happen to be in the subtraction position, the lever 5o is pivoted upwards by the engagement of the projection ? The downward movement of the slide plate 2o9 caused by pressing the sum or sub-sum key moves the starting member 239 downward. This pivots the arm 236 and 238 in a clockwise direction in order to automatically give the machine a working stroke by the motor drive.

In the machine, if the sum happens to be negative, the slide plate 209 will have been moved forward as described so that the projection 2o7 is above the pin 22o. Now, when the sum and sub-total key is pressed, the slide plate 221 is moved downward. If the counter happens to be in the subtracting position, the controls are not changed, but when it is in the adding position, the projection 225 on the slide plate 221 engages the pin 226, pivots the yoke 55 counterclockwise and moves the arm 50 downwards so that the trap 45 is triggered and the end of the arm 5o is in front of the pin 43. As soon as the machine starts to work, the counter frame 32 is pivoted into the subtraction position. The downward movement of the slide plate 221 also moves the starting member 233 downward, and the levers 236 and z38 are pivoted clockwise to give the machine a working stroke automatically by its motor.

Device for displaying a negative total when working automatically Machines On request, the fully automatic, shown in Fig. 16 Machine can be equipped with a device to warn the computer that there is a coating. A locking device is provided for this purpose, shown in Figs. 16, 17, 18 and 19 and the sum and sub-total key locked against being pressed if a negative sum is present in the machine, but which allows you to press these buttons when the Sun2me is positive.

In Fig. 16 there is a on the underside of the top keypad plate Plate 25o slidably arranged, the rear end of which on the upper arm 193 of the Angle lever Z91-193 is pivoted counterclockwise as described above if a negative total occurs. The slide plate 25o has a pair of grooves 251 and 252, which, if a positive sum is in the machine, become grooved 253 (Fig. 17) cover in the shafts of the sum keys T and ST and thereby press one of both Allow buttons. If a plating or a negative Sum occurs, the angle lever 191-z93 swings counterclockwise and moves slide the slide 25o forward so that a wide part of the slide fits into the grooves 253 the sum and sub-sum key shafts occur as shown in Fig. 18, and this prevents either of the two buttons from being pressed. If the computer now has a Seeks to draw the total and there is a negative total in the machine, he finds that Sum and sub-total key locked against pressing, and that shows him that a Coating is present.

The total and sub-total keys are activated by pressing a special release key 254 triggered on the keypad near the sum and sub-total key is arranged. The shaft of this special key works with the usual locking plate 255 together so that when the special key is pressed, it is in the pressed position is blocked. The same lock plate works with the sum and sub keys. The arrangement is of the flexible keypad type; H. when one of the buttons is pressed pressing another key in the same row releases the pressed key the end. The special key is normally locked against being pressed by the slider 25o, the enters a groove 256 in the shaft of the special key shown in Figure 19.

The slider 250 is provided with a shoulder 257 which protrudes backwards and downwards, as can be seen in FIGS. 16 and 17. This projection is not normal in the way of the special key 254; but when the slide 25o is moved forward, the projection moves into the groove 256 of the special key shaft. When the special key is then pressed, its groove 256 will grip the inclined projection 257 and move the slider 25o further forward to such a position that a second set of grooves 258 and 259 in the slider 250 align with the shafts of the sum and Subtotal key covers and thereby releases these keys for depression. Similarly, since the special key is locked in its depressed position, slider 25o will be held in the position to which it was moved by key 254 and the sum and sub-key total will be free to be depressed. If one of these two keys is pressed, an exact sum is drawn automatically in a single working stroke of the machine initiated by pressing one of the two keys.

When the sum or sub-total key is pressed, the usual key lock plate 255, which the special key 25q. holds down, moved back to the special key 25q. trigger, which then moves back into the normal position under the influence of its spring. The slider 25o cannot move backwards while either the sum or sub-sum key is pressed; However, when the sum move is completed, the sum or sub-sum key that has been pressed is released, whereupon the slide 25o is released and moves a little backwards until it is locked by the lever 193 in the position shown in FIG. The sum and sub-total keys are therefore locked again to prevent them from being pressed. The relocking of the sum and sub-sum key continues after each sum or sub-sum move until the negative sum is converted into a positive sum, whereupon the lever 193 is moved out of the way of the slide 250 so that it moves into the position shown in Fig. 17 can move to trigger the sum and sub-total key.

If this device is used, the calculator must; - the special key before he can get a negative sum, and so he must at least perform two operations before getting the sum. Meanwhile the signal is not always necessary, and if it is not used, the negative sum can be used drawn by simply pressing the sum or sub-total key at any time when a sum is required, whereupon the machine will work automatically and will print the exact sum in a single working hood, regardless of whether it is positive or negative.

Claims (1)

PATENT CLAIMS: 1. Calculating machine or the like. With a printing device, which has an adding and subtracting counter with a set of adding pinions, which are connected to a set of subtracting pinions, and a device which, after setting a control device and during machine operation, has the set of Pinions, which are to be brought into engagement with the setting drive members, selects and brings the selected set of pinions of the counter into engagement with the setting drive members, characterized by a member (5o) which is adjustable by means of the control device and which during the engagement movement between the counter (30-4z) and the engine (15) acts on a switching device (33, 42, 43) to select the pinion set (30 or 40) which is to come into engagement with the engine. 2. Machine according to claim i, wherein the adding and subtracting pinion sets are stored in an intermediate frame which is movably supported for the selection of one or the other pinion set within a main counter frame which is used for engaging and disengaging the selected pinion set in the drive members is moved, characterized in that the adjustable member (50) can assume two positions in which it is in the way of the intermediate frame (32, 33, 42, 43), and that the intermediate frame engages the adjustable member (5o) and thereby within of the main frame (34 35) is moved when it moves the counter to the drive members (15). 3. Machine according to claim i or 2, characterized by a locking device (44 45, 48, 49) which locks the intermediate frame (32, 33, 42, 43) against movement within the main frame (34, 35) and which by movement of the adjustable member (5o) is triggered from one or the other of its two positions. 4. Machine according to claim 3, in which the adding and subtracting pinions mesh directly with one another and the intermediate frame is pivotable within the main frame, characterized in that the pivoting frame carries two pins (42, 43) which are optionally supported by the relevant pawls of a pair of pawls ( 44, 49 and 45, 48) can be detected, and the adjustable member (5o) when it is moved moves the respective engaging pawl or latch (44, 49 or 45, 48) away from its pin (42 or 43) and placed in front of this pin is, whereby when moving the counter to engage with the drive racks (15) the adjustable member (So) detect this pin (q.2 or 43) and automatically swivel the swivel frame (32) - ,, venken. 5. Machine according to one of claims i to 4, characterized in that a connecting device (204-207), the position of which is controlled by the counter according to the sign of the sum contained therein, between the adjustable member (5o) and a single sum-pulling control member (T or ST) is arranged so that the adjustable element is adjusted by adjusting this single sum pulling element. 6. Machine according to claim i and 5, characterized in that the controlled by the counter connecting device (202-207) of the Summenziehv orrichtung (T) is subject to the control of an addition motor control device (2o8, 2o9, 213-215, 230-240), if the counter contains a positive total, and the total pulling device subordinates the control of a subtraction motor control device (220-22, 233-242) if the counter contains a negative total. 7. Machine according to claim 6, characterized in that the connecting device includes a movable member (204-207) which can be actuated by pressing the sum key (T) and controlled by the counter (186-193, 2o5, 2o6) is to with a positive setting of the counter for actuating the addition motor control device (2o8, 2o9, 2I3-2I5, 230-240) to be set if it is actuated by pressing the sum key, and in order to operate the subtraction motor control device (22o-22 ;, 233-242) when actuated by pressing the sum key. B. Machine according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the summing device (T), the subtraction motor control device is subordinated when the pinion of the highest order goes from its o- in or through its 9-position, and the. Addition motor control device when the pinion of the highest order goes from its 9- to or through its 0-position and the state of the counter has changed, and that a device (i25-129; 150-177) is provided which prevents the subtraction motor control device (22o-227, 233-24z) the summing device (T) is subordinated when the highest order pinion goes out of its 9- into or through its o-position, and the addition motor control device when the highest-order pinion goes out of its o- in or goes through its 9 position because the range of the counter has been exceeded. 9. Machine according to claim 5 or 6 with a device for inserting a volatile one in the counter when the accumulated sum changes from positive to negative or vice versa, characterized in that the position of the connecting device (204-207) of the device to set the volatile one (120-I77) is controlled. ok Machine according to claim 1, 2 or 3 with a device for automatically inserting a volatile one in the counter when the sum contained therein changes from positive to negative or vice versa, characterized in that the device for inserting the volatile one (120-I24) When the counter (30-q.0) is moved from the addition to the subtraction position and vice versa (31, 41, 125-129, 15O-177) and a device (130-z49) controlled by the pinion of the highest order, the work is controlled the volatile one device prevented by the movement of the counter, if the pinion of the highest order does not go from its 9- to or through its o-position after the counter has been moved from subtraction to addition position, or if not the highest pinion Order goes out of its o- .in or through its 9-position after the counter has been moved from addition to subtraction position. i i. Machine according to claim io, characterized in that the device for inserting the volatile one (120-124) is forced (123) to operate to insert a volatile one into the counter (30-4o), but usually by two on that operation Inhibitions (125 and 130) are prevented, one of which (I25) is triggered when the machine changes from addition to subtraction setting and vice versa and the other (13o) is triggered by the highest order pinion of the counter when the pinion turns off its 9- moves into or through its o-position and vice versa. 12. Machine according to claim ii, characterized in that the first-mentioned inhibition is a trap (z25) which can be triggered by a link (154, 170, 171) which when changing the counter (3o-41) from addition to subtraction position is actuated and put out of action by a device (122, I23, 174-177) which is controlled by the highest order pinion of the counter (13o-149) when the counter changes from a positive to a negative state, whereupon the device (I22, 123, 174-177) makes a second link (156, 172, 173) effective, which is operated when the counter is changed from subtraction to addition setting (150-I53) to trigger the trap (I25), and through the device (122, 123, 174-177) controlled by the highest order pinion is disabled when the counter changes from a negative to a positive state, whereupon the device (122, 123, 174-177) the first handlebar (154, 170, 171) effective again mac ht, and characterized in that the second escapement is a trap (13o); which can be triggered by a device (I31) controlled by the highest order pinion (132-149) when the counter changes from a positive to a negative state and vice versa.