DE685546C - Washer-dryer and spin-dryer - Google Patents

Description

Washer and dryer spin dryer The invention relates to a washer-extractor with which the agitator is a performs reciprocating rotation to the stationary washing drum while in the case of spin operation, the agitator with the washing drum to carry out a co-directional one Rotation is connected, and the aim is to improve these washing machines to the effect that that the transition from one operating mode to the other is as simple as possible and easily takes place and that noises and vibrations both during transition as well can be avoided in both operating modes.

The invention thus also aims to prevent any vibrations in horizontal and vertical direction.

The invention is particularly important for household washing machines, because vibrations and noises when operating the washing machine - as far as possible Must be avoided to nuisance the apartment occupant and the neighbors to avoid.

It is already known that in washing machines to avoid vibrations, Vibrations and noises to use different damping means. It is also known in washing machines in which the agitator is only identical when washing Senses revolves, between the agitator shaft and the washing drum an automatic Provide coupling, but the object should be achieved, the weight of the Transfer the washing drum to the agitator shaft to the bearing of the washing drum to relieve the load at the high speed required for spinning.

The invention solves this problem for the designated type of washing machines in such a way that the stirring Movement shaft with a the washing drum supporting, the agitator shaft containing hollow shaft by a Centrifugal clutch is automatically coupled, and that per se known damping means intended to prevent horizontal and vertical vibrations of the machine are.

The invention also relates to a number of other details that are described in detail below. The invention is a washing and Dry centrifugal machine created in which the transition from one mode of operation to the other takes place automatically, with neither in the individual operating modes nor any vibrations or shocks during the transition from one operating mode to the other or noises can be generated that are transmitted to the floor or the surrounding area and can make them unpleasant.

A washing machine of this type has thus been created which is particularly suitable for use in inhabited rooms, d. 1i. especially as Household washing machine is usable.

The drawing illustrates an embodiment of the subject matter of the invention. Fig. 1 shows a cross section through the washing machine, Fig. 2 shows the storage the agitator hub on the agitator shaft in cross section according to the line: 2-2 of Fig. i, Fig. 3 a section along the line 3-3 of Fig. @, Fig. 4. a cross section the lower bearing of the agitator shaft according to the line 4-4 of Fig. i, Fig. 5 a serving as a coupling of the agitator shaft with its drive shaft in plan view, Fig.6 shows a side view of a locking device against lateral displacement of the agitator shaft according to the section along the line 6-6 in Fig. 4, Fig. 7 the fastening the washing drum on its supporting structure, Fig. 8 shows the supporting structure for the Washing drum, Fig. 9 a holding device for the agitator on the agitator shaft, Fig. Io a diagram and Fig. 11 a variant of the bearing according to Fig. .A ..

In a known manner, the machine has a fixed housing i cylindrical Shape, all of your bottom a floor is somehow attached. the lower side of the Housing a stiffening ring 3 is provided below the bottom 2. Is up the housing partially by a circular rim -. covered, to the complete @ "closure a lid can be revived.

On the lower part of the housing is at a suitable height under interposition a rubber ring SU a splash ring 5 "is provided.

The drive for the washing machine is housed in a housing 6, which is attached to the stiffening ring 3 in a suitable manner (not shown) is. The choice of drive is arbitrary; A precondition, however, is that the drive of the shaft 7 both a revolving and a reciprocating rotary movement can issue. On the shaft 7 sits a Breinstrominel 8, which are diametrically opposed to each other has opposite elevations 9, on which the arms io one in the manner of a Hardy Disc trained joint are attached. The joint is shown separately in Fig. 5 drawn out. The arms 12 of the joint are screwed to projections 13 which sit on a support piece attached to the shaft 14. (.41) b.4). Between the Shaft 14 and the shaft 7 a ball bearing 15 is arranged, which the joint i i relieved of the weight of the shaft 1.4 and the parts connected to it. It a joint of the type shown in Fig. 5 can therefore be used, which only consists of a piece of sheet steel marked with arenas io and 1-2, which is in the manner described above with the corresponding parts of the driving and the driven shaft are connected. The internal friction in the `joint can thereby diminished. are that highly elastic M'erks toff used for its production will.

The shaft 14 is surrounded by a tube 16, the upper end of which is extends to above the water level usually located in a container i. The upper end 18 is formed in such a way that it is a self-lubricating self-aligning bearing 17 can accommodate the shaft 14th leads. The camp essentially consists of the bearing shells 19, which are formed spherically on their outer surface part in the familiar shape and are guided in the upper end 18 of the tube 16. Through the self-aligning bearing 17, a uniform bearing pressure is achieved with every inclination of the while 14.

A further geli; ittse -20 is attached to the housing 6 for the drive (not shown), which extends through a round opening in the boiler bottom: 2 (Fig. D.). The housing 2o has a flange-like design in its center and is connected to your container bottom 2 by means of a pressure ring 2 2 and screws -21. The sealing of the flange 23 against the container base -2 is carried out by the lower edge of a Guniniitülle 2.4, the upper edge of which is attached to the tube 16 by means of a clamp 25. According to the invention, the geliüuse 20 contains an elastic mounting for the lower end of the tube 16, which consists of two rings 26 made of flexible material, for example rubber rings. The rings 26 lie between a flange-like extension -27 of the housing 2o and a nut 30, which is cliraulit into the upper end of the housing 2o. They take a flange 28 between them, which is connected to the bearing shell 29 of a self-aligning bearing. By means of the nut 3o, the compression of the rings 26 and thereby the inertia of the self-aligning bearing 29 against changes in the position of the tube 16 can be changed. As a result of the storage described, the tube 16 is resiliently supported; it can tilt in all directions without damage to the individual files For this purpose, the self-aligning bearing 29 is mounted in two rings 31 and 33, which are provided on the bearing surface with a material 32 or 35 with a high coefficient of friction 26 and on the other hand mounted on the flange 27, while the 'upper bearing ring 33 is slidably guided in a sleeve 34 firmly connected to the nut 30. The sleeve 34 is designed and dimensioned in such a way that it can accommodate a helical spring 36 above the bearing ring 33, which presses the ring 33 against the bearing shells 2. The tension of the spring 36 can be simultaneously with the pressing of the rings 26 by a corresponding Adjusting the nut 30 @ can be changed; however, it does not affect the resilient mounting of the tube 16 within the rubber rings 26.

Inside the boiler i is described in more detail below on the shaft 1.1 Way a container 37 rotatably mounted, which the Waschfliissi-speed and the to be washed Picks up objects. The volume of the container ;; and the space between its bottom and the bottom 2 of the kettle i are so on top of each other ah-estimnit, claß all the liquid that the container 37 can hold collect in the vessel i can, without Mali, Belllter 37 immerses himself in it. Uni den I, 'eliiiltrr 37 easily it is made of relatively thin and non-rotting metal, preferably made of light rivets, e.g. B. aluminum. The side walls flow l'ellilIterS 37 are so down to "ellei" t, then turn the container that is present in it Liquid is thrown over its upper edge. To enlarge the Friction between the liquid in the container and its side walls are attached to these wing-like projections 38. To when rotating the container It is up to him to prevent the laundry in him from being thrown out upper edge a protective ring 39 attached, the inner edge 41 is flanged to to protect the laundry when loading and unloading and lifting it out at the same time of the vat 37 from the boiler i to facilitate. The protective ring 39 has openings 4o provided, which allow the liquid to be thrown out to escape.

As already described above, the tub 37 consists of a relatively thin metal. For this reason it is mounted in a mechanically resistant support frame 42, the structure of which can be seen in FIG. It consists of an annular wall 42 and a support cross which has arms 43 bent radially inward and connected to the wall 42. The arms 43 are connected to one another by a circular disc 44 which receives a hub 45 in itself. The storage and assembly of the tub and the support frame will be described in more detail on the basis of Figure 7. An intermediate piece 46 is on the one hand finite to the hub 45 and on the other hand via a flange-like extension 48 and screws 47 with the annular disk 4.4. of the support frame 42 connected. The tub 37 is screwed onto the intermediate piece 46 by means of a wing nut 49. In order to prevent the wing nut from getting lost, it is rotatably attached to the tub 37 by means of a flange 51 which engages around the correspondingly formed bore 50 of the tub 37. In addition, the interior of the tub is sealed against the circular ring 44 or the support body 42, so that it can be made of cheap and non-rustproof metal, for example cast iron. By loosening the wing nut 4o, the container 37 can be lifted off and removed from the support frame 4.2 for cleaning. Another advantage of subdividing the laundry receptacle into the tub 37 and the support body-t2 is that, viewed as a whole, a relatively heavy container is obtained, the mass of which is the appearance of a circular line caused by the uneven distribution of the laundry within the container <Ytlll ;; weakens; nevertheless, the actual tub 37 which is used to hold the laundry and which is made of good, rot-free material, can be made with thin walls and therefore cheap.

The mounting of the support body 42 or the tub 37 on the shaft 14 is described with reference to Fig. 2. The hub 45 is of this type at its upper end 54 flanged so that a pressure disc 53 is firmly connected to it. The bearing 52 supports on a flange 55 seated on a sleeve 56 keyed to the shaft 14, which in turn is guided by the inner circumference of the bearing 52. The weight of the supporting body 42 and the tub 37 is through the bearing 52 via the flange 55 on a shoulder 57 of the shaft 14 transmitted, which in turn is in the manner described above is supported on the shaft 7 via the crank bearing 15. The lower end of the hub 45 is guided by a plain bearing 58 on the shaft 14; the bearing 58 is like from the Fig. 1 can be seen, attached to the inner wall of the hub 45 in a suitable manner. As a result of the arrangement described, the support body and the tub can be rotated open mounted on shaft 14, d. H. the shaft 14 can move freely with respect to the hub 45 turn. A snap ring holds in the lifted state of the support body and the tub 59 the sleeve 56 and the parts in engagement with it in the above-described Position in relation to the hub .I5. The bearing 58 can be made as small as possible since it is only used to guide the hub 45. The free end of the '' skins 14 protrudes something beyond the sleeve 56 and carries a nut 6o, the outer periphery of which in a Bore 61 of the agitator hub 62 fits. The scope of the nut 6o and the wall of the Bore 61 are formed so that a positive connection between the Nut 6o and the agitator hub 62 is made possible. The weight of the agitator will received via a disc 63 from the sleeve 56, which, as described above, with the shaft z4 is keyed. The upper end of the hub 62 is indeed above of the liquid level normally present in the tub 37, however, it is nevertheless possible that during the washing process the liquid over the free The end of the hub62 squirts out and thereby into the bearing points of the hubs 45 and 62 can penetrate. To avoid this, the upper end of the hub 62 is through a Cap 64 closed, in the interior in the manner shown in Fig. 9 a snap ring 65 is provided. When the agitator is in place, this snap ring takes place the position shown in Fig. 9, d. 11. Its scope lies in a groove 66 of the Cap, while the free ends 67 in a corresponding groove 68 - in the upper end the shaft 14 rest. This keeps the agitator on the shaft 14. To take off of the agitator, the bulges 69 passing through the cap 64 of the snap ring compressed, whereby the free ends 67 of the snap ring are pushed out of the groove 68 of the shaft 14; the agitator can then be used by the Shaft to be lifted off. By rounding off the upper end of the shaft accordingly 14 a transition is created to the groove 68 so that the free ends 67 of the snap ring Automatically snap into the groove 68 when the agitator is put on. The lower The end of the agitator hub 62 and thus the agitator itself is by means of a slide bearing 70 guided on the hub 45 of the tub 37 (Fig. 7).

The washing process is as follows: The tub 37 is with the objects to be washed and filled with the washing liquid. Then will via the drive, not shown, of the shaft 1..1. a lean and backward turning motion issued during which the tub 37 due to its mechanical inertia in essentially comes to a standstill and the agitator moves back and forth within the container moves and thereby causes the cleaning of the laundry. During the washing process the vat 37 will tilt a little; this is due to the fact that the too washing pieces are not evenly distributed in your vat.

As described above, the shaft 14 is resiliently supported via the sleeve 16 in elastic rings 26 or the self-aligning bearing 29. Since the elasticity of the flexible rings 26 is relatively high, it can happen that the tub 37 inclines so far that it rubs against the inner wall of the boiler 1. It is clear that the tub 37, as a result of the persistence of the liquid and the laundry items present in it, tends to remain in the inclination once it has been assumed. But this reduces the friction between your tub 37 and. the boiler 1 grow very strongly during the spin process following the washing process, quite apart from the fact that a disproportionately large power output would be required to initiate the spin process. According to a further concept of the invention, this disadvantage is avoided in that the tub 37 is held in a vertical position during the washing process by a locking device which is released before the start of spinning. The locking device consists essentially of a collar-like ring 75, which is supported on the flange 27 of the housing 2o, and of a further ring 76 (Figs. 4 and 6). The rings 75 and 76 can be brought into a non-positive connection by means of bolts 77. The bolts 77 are slidably guided into the ring 76 and engage in a radial direction in a groove 78 of the collar-like ring 75, where they are placed under the flange 79 when the ring 75 is rotated accordingly. In the position shown in full in Fig. 6, a non-positive connection is established between the sleeve 16 and the groove 78 via the bolts 77, whereby the sleeve 16 and thus the shaft 14 and the tub 37 are held in a vertical position during the washing process. Before the centrifugal process is initiated, the ring 75 is brought into the position shown in broken lines by means of a lever 8o, as a result of which the bolts 77 are located in recesses 81 of the ring 75; as a result, the positive connection between the sleeve 16 and the ring 75 is interrupted and the position of the shaft 14 is released.

The non-positive connection between the shaft 14 and your tub 37 for the purpose of spinning the laundry is described with reference to Figs. The lower end of the sleeve 56 is formed between the flanges 55 and 72 at 71 square. Coupling jaws 73 sit on the square part and are pressed against the square surface of the sleeve 56 by means of spring washers 74. The clutch shoes remain in this position even if the shaft 14 exerts a swaying movement during the washing process. During the washing process, the shaft 14 is not positively connected to the container 37 or the support body 42, but it moves freely within the hub 45 and drives (read agitator 62, which swings back and forth in your container 37 as a result. To spin dry the laundry, the shaft 14 is given a rapid rotary motion. As soon as the rotational speed of the shaft 14 exceeds a certain limit, the centrifugal force overcomes the force of the lerrings 7.4, so that the coupling jaws 73 outwards against the inner wall of the hub 45. Due to the friction occurring between the inner wall of the hub 45 and the coupling jaws, the jaws are slightly twisted in relation to the square part 71 of the sleeve 56, so (leave a a certain wedge effect is created, which produces the force-fit connection between the shaft 14 and the hub 45. If the rotation of the shaft 14, for example iron over the brake drum 8 (Fig. i) braked, the brake shoes return to their original position at a certain minimum speed. whereby the positive connection between the tub 37 and the shaft 14 is released again.

If the laundry items are unevenly distributed in the tub 37 balancing errors can occur that cause the tub to tilt. The balancing error consists of a static and a dynamic component. The static component strives to give your tub 37 a circular motion about its axis, so that the vat rotates around its center of gravity. The dynamic component is endeavoring to tilt the vat in order to bring it into a position in which the balancing error is balanced. This inclination of the tub is given to the tub by the one described above resilient mounting of the lower end of the sleeve 16 allows. Because this yielding After all, the bearing is not completely compliant, the static balance error becomes not completely balanced, but reduced to such an extent that the static Vibrations of the tub caused by balancing errors are greatly reduced. The bearings 52 and 58 tend to incline the container with respect to the shaft 14 to prevent, which of course due to the dynamic balancing error strong Vibrations of the tub can be generated. The aspiration of the vat to itself of course creates strong bearing pressures in bearings 52 and 58, which, however, cannot have a damaging effect, since during. the spinning process the parts stored in it do not rotate against each other, so that no storage losses can be generated. Most of the dynamic balancing errors of the Forces generated by the tub are transmitted to the shaft 7 via the joint i i and must be received by the bearing, not shown, for the shaft 7; the forces generated are therefore relatively far from their point of generation forwarded, so that the dynamic balancing errors generated Keep storage losses within tolerable limits than would be the case if the bearing absorbing the dynamic forces very close to the point of generation, d. H. on the tub 37 would be arranged. Of course there will be a part too the forces generated by the dynamic balancing error are transferred to the sleeve 16, on which they are not due to the elastic mounting of the sleeve 16 described can have an impact, but are dampened away. This damping is simultaneously also a relief of the Bearing 17 and thus a reduction in Storage losses reached.

The vibrations generated during the rotation of the vat will as described, mainly via the joint ii and additionally via the sleeve 16 derived; So they have to be practical, unless they have been dampened beforehand have been, affect in the stiffening ring 3, which is the housing for the drive wearing. Part of the vibrations is caused by the balancing error in the shaft itself generated. These vibrations can become very large when the wave speed is such that the generated vibrations come into resonance with the frequency, which is generated by the elastic rings 26. This vibration can be considered the critical one Vibration of the machine, and the speed at which this Vibration occurs is the - critical speed. It goes without saying it is desirable that the critical speed be below the normal operating speed lies to the centrifugal forces generated by the balancing error, which is known are proportional to the square of the speed, keep them relatively small to be able and thus the reaction of these forces on the bearings is not so strong Friction creates that the vat does not go beyond the critical speed can be accelerated. It. is therefore advantageous to the critical speed about so that it is 1A to 1/10 of the normal working speed.

In addition to the vibrations described above, gyroscopic vibrations also occur, which are caused by the precession of the vat. As is well known, precession is when the axis of rotation of the container rotates around itself. As is known, the precession can be progressive or retrograde depending on the direction of rotation of the shaft. In the present case, the retreating precession is generated by the forces stored in the elastic rings 26. The progressive precession can be generated by the internal friction of the rotating parts, for example by the internal friction in the shaft 14 or in the joint ii; but it can also have its cause in discontinuities in the drive. Both types of precession are dampened by the friction of the bearing shells in the self-aligning bearing 29 and by the internal friction of the elastic rings 26. The progressive precession cannot occur if the damping force generated by this friction is equal to or greater than the force, which is equal to the critical frequency already described above, which is generated by the elastic rings 26. In Fig. Io, for example, the frequency of the individual precessions is shown graphically. The shaft speed is plotted at a, b designates the oscillation frequency, c the critical speed, d the progressive precession and e the progressive precession, f designates the nominal speed. The gyroscopic vibrations always have a relatively large amplitude and always occur at wave speeds that are above the critical speed. In general, the gyroscopic vibrations are only dangerous when they occur in the vicinity of the rated speed.

For the range of the nominal speed of the shaft, the transmission can the vibrations generated by the balancing error on the foundation of the 'machine, thus generally reduced to the ground on which the machine stands that flexible links are inserted between the machine and the ground will.

However, these elastic members must be matched so that they the amplitude of the vibration that occurs at the critical speed of the machine occurs, dampen, since these vibrations are dangerous in that they are gyroscopic vibrations can produce such cave that the tub 37 against the inner wall of the boiler i hits and damages the machine.

The danish device provided and developed according to the invention, which prevents the vibrations from being transmitted to the ground and at the same time provides one dampens a large part of the vibrations, is explained with reference to Fig. i.

Between a seat 83, which is angled at 84 and connected to the stiffening ring 3, and your roller holder 83, a strong helical spring 82 is provided, which is dimensioned so that the frequency of oscillation transmitted from the machine to the spring does not coincide with any frequency of the two precessions can come into resonance. The spring 82 is advantageously arranged on the outer edge of the boiler i and is supported resiliently in all directions. so that>> both the vertical and the horizontal component of the vibrations are dampened. Friction dampers are provided in parallel with the spring 82 and consist of tabs 86 which, at their free end, finely include a slot 87, a tongue 88 provided on the seat 83. At the lower end of the tabs 86 a bore 89 is provided in which a hub 9o attached to the roller carrier 85 is guided. Washers 9i are provided on the hub on each side of the tabs and lie between a projection 92 and a spring 93. As a result of the non-rigid type of fastening between the tongues 88 and the tabs 86 and as a result of the friction occurring between the tabs 86 and the disks 9i, all vibrations of greater amplitude are dampened. The machine performs a rocking motion while it is running, which is composed of vertical and horizontal components. As a result of the type of fastening between the tongues 88 and the tabs 86, only the vertical vibration component is damped away, which would mainly be transmitted to the ground.

The damper device according to the invention is unaffected by the weight of the machine, since the bores 89 of the brackets 86 are so large that the brackets can adjust depending on the extension of the spring 82, which is determined by the weight of the machine. In addition, the damping device is insensitive to the horizontal vibration component, which is extremely important since any resistance that is opposed to the propagation of the horizontal vibration components inevitably leads to an amplification of the vertical vibration component transmitted to the floor.

In Fig. I i is a modification of the above on the basis of Fig. Q. described elastic mounting of the sleeve 16 shown. According to this one embodiment is connected to the sleeve 16, a part 96 which has a flange 95, which in turn is mounted between elastic rings 94, so for example rubber rings. The flange 27 belongs to the housing 2o shown in Fig. .1, the corresponding the Fig..l extended upward like a sleeve and closed by a nut 97 which presses the elastic rings 94 together. The attenuation is achieved by a Washer 98 causes the ioi by means of a washer 99 and screw bolts against the Nut 97 is pressed. The screw bolts are guided in tabs 102, which is a Form piece with the sleeve-shaped extension of the housing = o. In order to be more forgiving Storage of the disk 98 are provided on the bolts ioi coil springs ioo. The disk 98 has a pendulum-like bearing 103, which gives the sleeve 16 a certain freedom of movement offers in all directions. This type of inspection is also independent on the inclination of the sleeve 16.

Claims (12)

PATENT CLAIMS: i. Washer-dryer and spin-dryer. machine at the the agitator during washing operation a reciprocating to the stationary washing drum Rotation carries out, while with Schleuderbetriel) the agitator with the washing drum is connected to perform a rotation in the same direction, characterized in that that for spin operation the agitator shaft (14) with a washing drum (37) supporting hollow shaft (45) containing the agitator shaft (1.1) by a centrifugal clutch is automatically coupled, and that per se known damping means for prevention the horizontal and vertical vibrations of the machine are intended. 2. Washing machine according to claim i, characterized in that the centrifugal clutch consists of clutch jaws (73), which at the spin speed against the force of those holding them together Spring washers (74) pressed against the inner wall of the hollow shaft (45) and in this Position held in a wedge-like manner by a square (71) wedged on the Ri-Ihrwerkwelle will. 3. Washing machine according to claim i and 2, characterized in that the The agitator shaft (14) is supported on its drive shaft (7) via a ball bearing (15) and connected to it by a coupling (ii) ', the deviations from the vertical Location allows. Washing machine according to claim i to 3, characterized in that the Agitator shaft (1d.) In a tube (16) above through a neck bearing (17, 18, 19) and is guided below by a self-aligning bearing (28, 29, 31, 33, 26), the horizontal Vibrations of the agitator shaft (14) dampens. 5. Washing machine according to claim 4, characterized characterized in that the lower bearing ring (31) of the self-aligning bearing in the horizontal direction is resiliently mounted, while the upper bearing ring (33) is vertically resilient below your pressure of a spring (36) is mounted, the spring (36) and thus also the Pressure on the elastic rings (26) can be changed by a threaded nut (30). 6. Washing machine according to claim .1 and 5, characterized in that the bearing rings (31, 33) at the bearing points of the self-aligning bearing, which consists of a spherical core (29) and a disc (28) consisting of one piece with this, finite pads 35) made of a material with a high coefficient of friction are provided. 7. Washing machine according to claim i to 6, characterized in that in the housing (2o) of the lower bearing of the agitator shaft (14) a locking device for preventing the deviations of the agitator shaft from its vertical position during the washing operation is provided, which consists of a collar-like ring ( 75) , which is attached to the inside of the housing (2o) and has recesses (81) in which resilient pins (77) slide, which are rigidly connected to the casing tube (16) of the agitator shaft (14) by an outer ring (76) can be connected, namely by a lever (8o) which is guided outwards from the washing machine housing (i) and which is attached to the ring (75) and rotates it. B. Washing machine according to claims i to 7, characterized in that on a stiffening ring (3) of the washing machine housing (i) via vertical damping springs (82) and horizontal damping springs (93) on all sides movable roller supports (85) are attached, the vertical damping spring (82) between a support disc (83) attached to the stiffening ring (3) and the The roller carrier (85) is clamped in, while the horizontal damping spring (93) between a bolt (9o) attached to the roller carrier (85) and one perpendicular movable support device (9i) is clamped on one of the support disc (83) attached guide bracket (86) 'is guided vertically. G. Washing machine after Claims i to 8, characterized in that there is a nut on the agitator shaft (i-.) (6o) is screwed, which takes the agitator hub (62) and is on a Disc (63) is supported on a sleeve wedged onto the agitator shaft (14) (56) rests. ok Washing machine according to claim 9, characterized in that the agitator hub (62) on the agitator shaft (14) through a cap (64) with a snap ring (65) is held, the snap ring (65) with its ends on the one hand in a groove (68) of the agitator shaft (14) snaps into place, on the other hand through UfE openings in the cap (64) protrudes with handles (69) so that by pressing the handles (69) into the Cap (64) this can be loosened so that the agitator from the agitator shaft (14) is freely withdrawable. i i. Washing machine according to claims i to io, characterized in that that the washing drum (37) is as light as possible, for. B. consists of light metal, has a shape that tapers downwards, at the top a protective ring (39) with openings (4o) and a splash ring (. @ I) carries from a supporting frame (42) with iin ratio is carried to the @, # 'ash drum heavy weight, which is carried by support arms (43) and a \ abe (44) is connected to the hollow shaft (45), and that the washing drum (37) is connected its supporting frame (42) by a wing nut (49) which is captively connected to it is attached. 12. Washing machine according to claim i to i i, characterized in that that the drive shaft (7) for the agitator shaft (14) carries a brake drum (8), has the fastening eyes (9) for the arms (ro) of the coupling (i i).