DE682931C - Method for measuring the X-ray hardness with short exposure times - Google Patents

Method for measuring the X-ray hardness with short exposure times

Info

Publication number
DE682931C
DE682931C DEI52583D DEI0052583D DE682931C DE 682931 C DE682931 C DE 682931C DE I52583 D DEI52583 D DE I52583D DE I0052583 D DEI0052583 D DE I0052583D DE 682931 C DE682931 C DE 682931C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
hardness
rays
measuring
exposure times
short exposure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEI52583D
Other languages
German (de)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IG Farbenindustrie AG
Original Assignee
IG Farbenindustrie AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by IG Farbenindustrie AG filed Critical IG Farbenindustrie AG
Priority to DEI52583D priority Critical patent/DE682931C/en
Priority to GB17082/36A priority patent/GB482354A/en
Priority to FR807433D priority patent/FR807433A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE682931C publication Critical patent/DE682931C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01TMEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T1/00Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
    • G01T1/16Measuring radiation intensity
    • G01T1/20Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors
    • G01T1/2006Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors using a combination of a scintillator and photodetector which measures the means radiation intensity

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zur Messung der Röntgenstrahlenhärte bei kurzen Belichtungszeiten Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zur Messung der Härte von Röntgenstrahlen bei Anwendung kurzer Belichtungszeiten. Es ist bereits in der Rötgentechnik bekannt, für Spannungs- und Hartemessungen Voltmeter zu benutzern, die an der Primärspule des Röntgenhochspannungstransformators liegen und in kVmaX bzw. kVefs gewicht sind. Bei diesen Instrumenten sind die sekundärseitigen Spannungsabfällen, die bei höheren Belastungen von Röntgenröhren auftreten, in keiner Weise berücksichtigt. Es ist also hiermit nicht möglich, die Härte der Strahlen unter Berücksichtigung der jeweiligen Spannungsabfälle bei verschiedenen Stromstärken zu messen.Method for measuring the X-ray hardness with short exposure times The invention relates to a method for measuring the hardness of X-rays when using short exposure times. It is already known in x-ray technology for voltage and hardness measurements use a voltmeter attached to the primary coil of the X-ray high-voltage transformer and are weighted in kVmax or kVefs. With these instruments, the voltage drops on the secondary side are the ones with higher Stresses from X-ray tubes occur in no way taken into account. It is So hereby not possible to adjust the hardness of the rays taking into account the respective Measure voltage drops at different currents.

Es ist auch bekannt, zur Härtemessung einen Fluoreszenzschirm mit den zu untersuchenden Röntgenstrahlen zu erregen und das ausgesandte Licht des Schirmes mit Hilfe von Selenwiderstandszellen zu messen. Solche Widerstandszellen haben jedoch den großen Nachteil, Idaß sie sehr bald Ermüdungserscheinungen zeigen, die das Meßergebnis fälschen. It is also known to use a fluorescent screen for hardness measurement to excite the X-rays to be examined and the light emitted by the screen to measure with the help of selenium resistance cells. However, such resistance cells have the great disadvantage, that they very soon show signs of fatigue, which affects the measurement result counterfeit.

Außerdem arbeiten diese Zellen verhaltnismäßig trage, so daß sich solche Vorrichtun gen für kurze Expositionen nicht eignen.In addition, these cells work relatively sluggishly, so that themselves Such devices are not suitable for short exposures.

Ein weiterer Nachteil besteht darin, daß eine besondere Stromquelle zur Speisung der Seienzelle erforderlich ist.Another disadvantage is that a special power source is required to feed the seien cell.

Ferner ist es bekannt, Röntgenstrahlen auf eine Ionisationskammer einwirken zu lassen und die Spannungsänderung mit Hilfe eines Galvanometers zu messen. Solche Ionisationskammern sind jedoch zu unempfindlich, um so kleine Röntgenstrahlendosen anzuzeigen, wie sie bei Kurzexpositionen auftreten. Außerdem erfordern die Ionisationskammern, verhältnismäßig komplizierte Anordnungen. It is also known to use X-rays on an ionization chamber to act and to measure the voltage change with the help of a galvanometer. Such ionization chambers are, however, too insensitive to such small x-ray doses indicate how they occur during brief exposures. In addition, the ionization chambers require relatively complicated arrangements.

Erfindungsgemäß läßt man die Rlöntgenstrahlen nach Durchgang durch Metall stufen verschiedener Dicke auf einen Fluoreszenzschirm einwirken und vergleicht die Lichtintensitäten mit Hilfe zweier lichtelektrischer Zellen, die zwei Galvanometer betätigen. Die bleiden lichtelektrischen Zellen und die b'eiden Leuchtschirme, vor denen sich im Strahlengang der Röntgenstrahlen verschieden dichte Metallstufen z. B. aus Aluminium befinden, werden nebeneinander angeordnet und die verschiedenen Ausschläge der Galvanometer photographisch registriert. Aus dem Verhältnis der beiden registrierten Lichtintensitäten wird die Härte der Strahlen bestimmt. According to the invention, the X-rays are allowed to pass through after they have passed Metal levels of different thickness act on a fluorescent screen and compare the light intensities with the help of two photoelectric cells, the two galvanometers actuate. The lead photoelectric cells and the two luminescent screens are in front which in the beam path of the X-rays differently dense metal steps z. B. made of aluminum are placed side by side and the various The galvanometer deflections recorded photographically. From the relationship between the two Registered light intensities determine the hardness of the rays.

Die Belichtungszeiten betragen praktisch nur einige hundertstel Sekunden. Da die lichtelektrischen Zellen, insbesondere die Sperrschichtzellen und Vakuumzellen, proportional der auftretenden Lichtintensität arbeiten, genügen die Relativwerte der Galvanometerausschläge.The exposure times are practically only a few hundredths of a second. Since the photoelectric cells, especially the junction cells and vacuum cells, work proportionally to the occurring light intensity, the relative values are sufficient the galvanometer deflections.

In der Abbildung ist eine Ausbildungsform eines solchen Härtemessers schematisch dargestellt. Darin bedeuten I und 2 die lichtelektrischen Zellen der Meßgeräte, 3 und 4 die Leuchtschrime, die in einem dem gen Zweck angepaßten Abstand hinter der lichtelektrischen Zelle angeordnet sind, 5 und 6 die elektrischen Meßinstrument 7 un 7 die verschieden dicken Metallstufen, 9 die Röntgeröhre, deren Strahlungsbärte gemessen werden soll. The illustration shows one embodiment of such a hardness meter shown schematically. I and 2 mean the photoelectric Cells the measuring devices, 3 and 4 the neon screens, which are adapted to the purpose Distance behind the photoelectric cell are arranged, 5 and 6 the electrical Measuring instrument 7 and 7 the metal steps of different thicknesses, 9 the X-ray tube, their Radiation beards should be measured.

Die Verbindung des Meßinstruments mit der photographischen Registreiervorrichtung ist hier nicht besonders angegeblen. The connection of the measuring instrument with the photographic registration device is not particularly indicated here.

Das elektrische Meßinstrument kann in beliebiger Schaltung mit der Photozelle verbunden sein. Vorteilhafterweise wird man das Strommeßinstrument in Kompensation oder Brückenschaltung mit der lichtelektrischen Zelle legen. Das Instrument dient in diesem Falle als sog. Nullinstrument. Als Leuchtfolien kommen sowohl gelbe wie blaue oder anders strahlende Leuchtschieme in Frage. The electrical measuring instrument can be used in any circuit with the Photocell connected. The current measuring instrument is advantageously shown in Lay compensation or bridge circuit with the photoelectric cell. The instrument in this case serves as a so-called zero instrument. Both yellow ones are used as luminescent foils like blue or differently shining light strips in question.

Zur Vermeidung von Ermüdungserscheinungen der lichtelektrischen Zellen durch die Einwirkung von Röntgenstrahlen und um Photoströme, die direkt von Röntgenstrahlen in den Zellen hervorgerufen werden auszuschließen, ist es von Vorteil, zwischen lichtelektrischer Zeile und Leuchtschirm noch Bleiglas als Filter anzubringen, das die Zelle vor der Einwirkung der Röntgenstrahlen Das neue Verfahren läßt sich nicht nur in der medizinischen Rötgentechnik, sondern auch bei Metalluntersuchungen mit Hilfe von Röntgenstrahlen anwenden. To avoid signs of fatigue in the photoelectric cells by exposure to X-rays and to photocurrents generated directly by X-rays to exclude are evoked in the cells, it is beneficial between photoelectric line and luminescent screen to attach lead glass as a filter the cell before the action of the X-rays The new procedure does not work only in medical x-ray technology, but also in metal examinations Apply the help of X-rays.

Claims (2)

P A T E N T A N S P R Ü C H E : 1. Verfahren zur Messung der Röntgenstrahlenhärte bei kurzen Belichtungszeiten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ausschläge zweier Galvanometer, die mit lichtelektrischen Zellen verbunden sind, die ihrerseits das von den zu messenden Röntgenstrahlen nach Durchgang durch Metallstufen verschiedener Dicke in einer Fluoreszenzschicht erzeugte Licht empfange, auf photographischem Wege registriert werden und aus dem Verhältnis der beiden gemessenen Lichtintensitäten die Härte der Strahlen bestimmt wird. P A T E N T A N S P R Ü C H E: 1. Method of measuring X-ray hardness with short exposure times, characterized in that the deflections of two Galvanometers connected to photoelectric cells that in turn use the different from the X-rays to be measured after passing through metal steps Thick light generated in a fluorescent layer received, on photographic Paths are registered and from the ratio of the two measured light intensities the hardness of the rays is determined. 2. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch I, dadurch gekennzeiclmet, daß zwischen den lichtelektrischen Zellen und den Leuchtschirmen ein Bleiglasfilter eingeschaltet ist. 2. Apparatus for performing the method according to claim I, characterized gekennzeiclmet that between the photoelectric cells and the luminescent screens a lead glass filter is switched on.
DEI52583D 1935-06-20 1935-06-20 Method for measuring the X-ray hardness with short exposure times Expired DE682931C (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEI52583D DE682931C (en) 1935-06-20 1935-06-20 Method for measuring the X-ray hardness with short exposure times
GB17082/36A GB482354A (en) 1935-06-20 1936-06-19 Apparatus for measuring roentgen rays
FR807433D FR807433A (en) 1935-06-20 1936-06-20 Device for measuring roentgen rays

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEI52583D DE682931C (en) 1935-06-20 1935-06-20 Method for measuring the X-ray hardness with short exposure times

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE682931C true DE682931C (en) 1939-10-25

Family

ID=7193382

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEI52583D Expired DE682931C (en) 1935-06-20 1935-06-20 Method for measuring the X-ray hardness with short exposure times

Country Status (3)

Country Link
DE (1) DE682931C (en)
FR (1) FR807433A (en)
GB (1) GB482354A (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2688702A (en) * 1944-11-01 1954-09-07 X Ray Electronic Corp X-ray testing and measuring method and apparatus
US2666856A (en) * 1946-10-08 1954-01-19 X Ray Electronic Corp X-ray fluorescent response intensifier
US2485418A (en) * 1947-05-28 1949-10-18 Gen Electric Meter for measurement of ultraviolet radiation
US2557868A (en) * 1948-03-12 1951-06-19 X Ray Electronic Corp Measuring and testing methods and apparatus employing x-rays
US2582981A (en) * 1949-06-16 1952-01-22 Fua Frederic Albert Method and apparatus for the employment of radiation from radioactive material in gauging

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR807433A (en) 1937-01-12
GB482354A (en) 1938-03-28

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