DE63771C - Procedure to prevent the spontaneous ignition of coal (in ships, on heaps, etc.) - Google Patents
Procedure to prevent the spontaneous ignition of coal (in ships, on heaps, etc.)Info
- Publication number
- DE63771C DE63771C DENDAT63771D DE63771DA DE63771C DE 63771 C DE63771 C DE 63771C DE NDAT63771 D DENDAT63771 D DE NDAT63771D DE 63771D A DE63771D A DE 63771DA DE 63771 C DE63771 C DE 63771C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- coal
- heaps
- ships
- procedure
- prevent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 16
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 230000002269 spontaneous Effects 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron-sulfur Chemical compound [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JGIATAMCQXIDNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium sulfide Chemical compound [Ca]=S JGIATAMCQXIDNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate dianion Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide Chemical group O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
- C10L9/10—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by using additives
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Description
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.
Bei der Aufgabe, die Selbstentzündung von Steinkohlen zu verhüten, handelt es sich darum, solche Mittel anzuwenden, welche weder dem Schiffslagerraum schaden, noch die Atmosphäre des letzteren verderben, insbesondere aber den Werth der Steinkohle nicht verringern.The task of preventing the spontaneous combustion of coal is to: to use means that do not damage the ship's storage room or the atmosphere the latter spoil, but especially not diminish the value of the coal.
Betrachtet man die Zusammensetzung der Steinkohlen, die je nach ihrem Alter und ihrer Bildungsart neben dem Hauptbestandteil, dem Kohlenstoff, wechselnde Mengen von Sauerstoff, Wasserstoff und Schwefelkies (gleich zweifach Schwefeleisen) enthalten, so findet man, dafs diejenigen Kohlen am meisten sich zur Selbstentzündung neigen, welche neben Kohlenstoff die gröfsten Mengen der genannten Körper, besonders Sauerstoff, in sich begreifen, denn sie führen ja das gasartige Element mit sich, mit dem sich ihr Hauptbestandtheil verbinden kann; durch den beigemengten Sauerstoff wird in der That die Oxydation eingeleitet, wobei dann erst Wärme entwickelt wird. Eine derartige Oxydation wird eintreten können, wenn der Sauerstoff frei wird, wie z. B. schon bei der Gewinnung von Kohle durch Sprengungen, dann auch. beim Transport oder Einlagern infolge von Zerkleinerung durch Stofs, Druck oder Fall. An dem Sauerstoff der Luft und den eventuellen feuchten Niederschlagen findet die einmal eingeleitete Oxydation reichliche Nahrung zum raschen Fortschritt, des Processes. Mit der Energie des Processes steigt in geradem Verhältnifs die Wärmeentwickelung. Die Erhitzung der Kohle hat zur Folge, dafs sich das zweifache Schwefeleisen in Schwefel und in einfaches und anderthalbfaches Schwefeleisen zersetzt, und dafs der Schwefel bei fortgesetzter Erwärmung sich entzündet, womit der Brand der Kohle beginnt.Looking at the composition of the bituminous coals, depending on their age and their Formation type in addition to the main component, carbon, varying amounts of oxygen, Contain hydrogen and pebbles (twice the iron sulphide), one finds that those coals are most prone to spontaneous combustion, which are next to carbon comprehend the greatest quantities of the named bodies, especially oxygen, because they carry with them the gaseous element with which their main constituent is connected can; by the added oxygen the oxidation is in fact initiated, whereby only then is heat developed. Such an oxidation will be able to occur if the oxygen is released, such. B. already in the extraction of coal by blasting, then too. during transport or storage as a result of comminution by material, pressure or fall. Finds the oxygen in the air and the eventual damp deposits the oxidation, once initiated, provides ample nourishment for the rapid progress of the process. With the energy of the process the development of heat rises in an even proportion. The heating The consequence of coal is that the double iron sulphide is split into sulfur and into single and one-and-a-half iron sulphides decomposed, and that the sulfur ignites with continued warming, with which the fire the coal begins.
Dieser im Vorhergehenden beschriebenen Selbstentzündung wird nach dem vorliegenden Verfahren dadurch vorgebeugt, dafs man die Steinkohle beim Einlegen in die Seeschiffe oder auf die Halden mit staubförmigem Kalkhydrat mengt. v This self-ignition described above is prevented according to the present method by mixing the coal with powdered hydrated lime when it is placed in the seagoing ships or in the dumps. v
Das Kalkhydrat wird auf die bekannte Weise durch Besprengen möglichst gleichförmiger Stücke von Kalk mit Wasser (die in einem Schuppen auf dem Boden ausgebreitet werden) hergestellt. Ist der Kalk ohne Wasserüberschufs vollständig zerfallen, so wird er in Haufen gebracht und der Abkühlung überlassen und dann erforderlichenfalls in Säcke oder Fässer gepackt, um beim Verladen der Kohle mit verwendet zu werden. Diese Anwendung besteht darin, dafs man die Steinkohle während des Verladens mittelst eines Siebes mit Kalkhydrat gleichmäfsig überstreut. Infolge seiner hygroskopischen Eigenschaft entzieht er der eingelagerten Kohle und dem Lagerraum die Feuchtigkeit, die mit einen Hauptfaktor für die Entwickelung des Oxydationsprocesses bildet. Erwärmt sich die Kohle trotzdem, so bildet sich in diesem Falle nicht Kohlenoxyd, sondern Kohlensäure, die, vom Kalkhydrat begierig aufgenommen, mit demselben sich zu kohlensauren Kalk vereinigt. Der sich bildende Schwefelwasserstoff wird zu Schwefelcalcium zerlegt.The hydrated lime becomes as uniform as possible by sprinkling in the known manner Pieces of lime with water (which are spread out in a shed on the floor) manufactured. If the lime has completely disintegrated without excess water, it becomes in Brought in heaps and left to cool and then, if necessary, in sacks or barrels packed to be used when loading the coal. This application consists in the coal being loaded by means of one Sieves evenly sprinkled with hydrated lime. Due to its hygroscopic properties, deprives he humidity of the stored coal and the storeroom, which is one of the main factors in the development of the oxidation process forms. If the coal heats up anyway, in this case it is not carbon oxide but carbonic acid which, eagerly absorbed by the hydrated lime, combined with it to form carbonate of lime. The hydrogen sulphide that forms is broken down into calcium sulphide.
Auf diese Weise werden alle etwa entstehenden Gasarten durch das Kalkhydrat umgewandelt und gebunden und dadurch der Entwickelung des Oxydationsprocesses jede Nahrung entzogen, also die Entzündung der Kohle verhütet.In this way, all types of gas that may be produced are converted by the hydrated lime and bound and thereby deprived of all nourishment from the development of the oxidation process, that is, the ignition of the charcoal prevent.
Selbstverständlich wird die Kohle durch die Vermengung mit Kalkhydrat in keiner Weise entwerthet. Denn beim Umladen der Kohle oder beim Transport zur Verbrennung derselben in Oefen oder Kesseln fällt das pulverförmige Kalkhydrat zu Boden, und selbst derjenige Theil, der mit den Kohlen auf den Rost gelangt, beeinträchtigt die Verbrennung derselben nicht, sondern wirkt eher vortheilhaft dadurch, dafs er die freiwerdende schweflige Säure bindet.It goes without saying that the coal is in no way transformed by mixing it with hydrated lime devalued. Because when reloading the coal or when transporting it to burn it The powdered hydrated lime falls to the bottom in ovens or kettles, and so does that The part that gets on the grate with the coals impairs the combustion it does not, but rather has a beneficial effect in that it releases the sulphurous Acid binds.
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE63771C true DE63771C (en) |
Family
ID=337675
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DENDAT63771D Expired - Lifetime DE63771C (en) | Procedure to prevent the spontaneous ignition of coal (in ships, on heaps, etc.) |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE63771C (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2375875A1 (en) * | 1977-01-04 | 1978-07-28 | Schoppe Fritz | Suppressing combustion of stored lignite fines - by mixing with a less combustible powder |
DE4015444C1 (en) * | 1990-05-14 | 1991-11-14 | Horst-J. Dipl.-Kaufm. 3500 Kassel De Hillekamp | Fuel or fuel additives to eliminate atmospheric pollution - comprises coke from petroleum oils on brown coal, coated with calcium hydroxide |
-
0
- DE DENDAT63771D patent/DE63771C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2375875A1 (en) * | 1977-01-04 | 1978-07-28 | Schoppe Fritz | Suppressing combustion of stored lignite fines - by mixing with a less combustible powder |
DE2700170A1 (en) * | 1977-01-04 | 1978-09-28 | Schoppe Fritz | METHODS FOR IMPROVING THE STORAGE SAFETY OF BROWN CABBAGE DUST |
DE4015444C1 (en) * | 1990-05-14 | 1991-11-14 | Horst-J. Dipl.-Kaufm. 3500 Kassel De Hillekamp | Fuel or fuel additives to eliminate atmospheric pollution - comprises coke from petroleum oils on brown coal, coated with calcium hydroxide |
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