DE60329896D1 - Artikel zur Führung von Urin und Verwendung dafür - Google Patents
Artikel zur Führung von Urin und Verwendung dafürInfo
- Publication number
- DE60329896D1 DE60329896D1 DE60329896T DE60329896T DE60329896D1 DE 60329896 D1 DE60329896 D1 DE 60329896D1 DE 60329896 T DE60329896 T DE 60329896T DE 60329896 T DE60329896 T DE 60329896T DE 60329896 D1 DE60329896 D1 DE 60329896D1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- article
- urine
- strips
- urine guiding
- urine guide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 title abstract 4
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000001124 body fluid Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010839 body fluid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F5/00—Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices; Anti-rape devices
- A61F5/44—Devices worn by the patient for reception of urine, faeces, catamenial or other discharge; Portable urination aids; Colostomy devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/505—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators with separable parts, e.g. combination of disposable and reusable parts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F13/534—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
- A61F13/537—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer
- A61F13/53708—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer the layer having a promotional function on liquid propagation in at least one direction
- A61F13/53717—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer the layer having a promotional function on liquid propagation in at least one direction the layer having a promotional function on liquid propagation in the horizontal direction
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F13/538—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterised by specific fibre orientation or weave
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/56—Supporting or fastening means
- A61F13/66—Garments, holders or supports not integral with absorbent pads
- A61F13/82—Garments, holders or supports not integral with absorbent pads with means for attaching to the body
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
- A61F2013/4512—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape folded in special shape during use
- A61F2013/4568—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape folded in special shape during use three-dimensional; with split absorbent core
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F13/534—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
- A61F13/537—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer
- A61F2013/53765—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer characterized by its geometry
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Nursing (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
- Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
- Undergarments, Swaddling Clothes, Handkerchiefs Or Underwear Materials (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002287462A JP4109068B2 (ja) | 2002-09-30 | 2002-09-30 | 尿誘導シート |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE60329896D1 true DE60329896D1 (de) | 2009-12-17 |
Family
ID=31987138
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE60329896T Expired - Lifetime DE60329896D1 (de) | 2002-09-30 | 2003-09-30 | Artikel zur Führung von Urin und Verwendung dafür |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20040078020A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1405619B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP4109068B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR100923718B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1296024C (de) |
AT (1) | ATE447390T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE60329896D1 (de) |
TW (1) | TW200407096A (de) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101103034B1 (ko) * | 2009-01-16 | 2012-01-05 | (주)원봉 | 냉온수기 및 정수기용 취수 코크 |
JP5290071B2 (ja) * | 2009-07-06 | 2013-09-18 | 株式会社リブドゥコーポレーション | 導尿パッド |
US9032572B1 (en) | 2009-09-10 | 2015-05-19 | Jamie S. Leach | Infant care accessory comprising combination diaper bag and changing mat with fluid barrier |
JP1547533S (de) * | 2015-02-27 | 2016-04-11 | ||
JP1557383S (de) * | 2015-07-10 | 2016-08-29 | ||
BR112019000518B1 (pt) * | 2016-07-12 | 2023-01-24 | A&At Uk Limited | Vestimenta de proteção para evitar o vazamento de fluido corporal |
JP1592702S (de) | 2017-04-18 | 2020-12-07 | ||
JP2019063014A (ja) * | 2017-09-28 | 2019-04-25 | 花王株式会社 | 吸収体の製造方法 |
US20210161731A1 (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2021-06-03 | Drylock Technologies Nv | Absorbent article with spacer element |
CN112754774A (zh) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-05-07 | 福建省悦健护理用品有限公司 | 复合高分子纸尿裤内芯及其纸尿裤 |
Family Cites Families (41)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3968283A (en) * | 1974-05-21 | 1976-07-06 | Scott Paper Company | Flocked filamentary element and structures made therefrom |
US4022210A (en) * | 1975-08-11 | 1977-05-10 | Glassman Jacob A | Disposable diaper with a supplemental insert |
US4704107A (en) * | 1978-09-28 | 1987-11-03 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Absorbent article |
US4313774A (en) * | 1980-07-10 | 1982-02-02 | Wm. E. Hooper & Sons Co. | Mophead and method of manufacturing |
US4553966A (en) * | 1983-09-19 | 1985-11-19 | Americal Corporation | Device for draining body fluids and irrigating solutions |
US4579555A (en) * | 1983-12-05 | 1986-04-01 | Sil-Fab Corporation | Surgical gravity drain having aligned longitudinally extending capillary drainage channels |
FR2590125B1 (fr) * | 1985-11-19 | 1988-01-15 | Beghin Say Sa | Change complet avec matelas absorbant ramifie et son procede de fabrication |
US4795453A (en) * | 1987-11-20 | 1989-01-03 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Dog bone shape insert for channeling flow to ends of feminine napkin |
US4973325A (en) * | 1987-11-20 | 1990-11-27 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Absorbent article having a fluid transfer member |
US5078709A (en) * | 1988-04-29 | 1992-01-07 | Evaporating Apparel Industries | Evaporating attachment means suitable for containing and draining fluids emanating from a subject |
US5227228A (en) * | 1988-05-02 | 1993-07-13 | Newell Robert D | Sorptive article comprising elements having capacitive spaces for fluid and/or particulate solids |
US5342337A (en) * | 1989-05-16 | 1994-08-30 | Molnlycke Ab | Disposable absorbent article which comprises a hose-like absorption body |
CA2029129C (en) * | 1989-11-03 | 2001-01-23 | Shmuel Dabi | Absorbent products having flexible, hydrophilic wick means |
US5171307A (en) * | 1990-06-11 | 1992-12-15 | Sanning Frank B | Irrigation solution collection device |
US5196190A (en) * | 1990-10-03 | 1993-03-23 | Zenith Technology Corporation, Limited | Synthetic skin substitutes |
CA2073849C (en) * | 1991-07-23 | 1997-12-23 | Clemson University Research Foundation | Fluid handling structure for use in absorbent articles |
US5392467A (en) * | 1991-11-12 | 1995-02-28 | Intelpro Corporation | Moisture-management garment and support pouch garment |
US5451442A (en) * | 1991-12-17 | 1995-09-19 | Paragon Trade Brands, Inc. | Absorbent panel structure for a disposable garment |
JPH0648638U (ja) | 1992-12-11 | 1994-07-05 | トーヨー衛材株式会社 | 使い捨ておむつの吸収体 |
ATE177308T1 (de) * | 1993-06-28 | 1999-03-15 | Procter & Gamble | Absorbierender artikel mit geregelter flüssigkeitsverteilung |
US5482007A (en) * | 1994-03-31 | 1996-01-09 | Kumlin; Robert R. | Disposable pet toilet assembly |
USH1585H (en) * | 1994-06-30 | 1996-08-06 | Ahr; Nicholas A. | Absorbent article having a braided wicking structure |
EP0782428B1 (de) * | 1994-09-09 | 2000-03-08 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Medium zum fördern einer flüssigkeit in z-richtung |
US5853403A (en) * | 1994-10-25 | 1998-12-29 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Absorbent article with body contacting liquid control member |
US6222092B1 (en) * | 1995-08-28 | 2001-04-24 | Paragon Trade Brands, Inc. | Absorbent garment with top sheet impediment to liquid flow |
SE509260C2 (sv) * | 1996-04-03 | 1998-12-21 | Duni Ab | Uppslitsat materialskikt av mjukpapper eller polymerfibrer samt anordning för tillverkning av materialskiktet |
US5902297A (en) * | 1996-06-27 | 1999-05-11 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Absorbent article having a collection conduit |
SE518133C2 (sv) * | 1997-02-21 | 2002-08-27 | Sca Hygiene Prod Ab | Vätskegenomsläppligt höljesskikt till absorberande alster samt ett absorberande alster försett med ett sådant höljesskikt |
US6932800B2 (en) * | 1997-03-27 | 2005-08-23 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Absorbent articles comprising a material having a high vertical wicking capacity |
US5827253A (en) * | 1997-03-27 | 1998-10-27 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Absorbent articles comprising a material having high flux capabilities |
US5906602A (en) * | 1997-03-27 | 1999-05-25 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Shaped absorbent cores comprising multiple pieces of absorbent material and method for making same |
US6152905A (en) * | 1997-10-10 | 2000-11-28 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Absorbent interlabial device comprising a fluid acquisition/transfer complex |
US5928174A (en) * | 1997-11-14 | 1999-07-27 | Acrymed | Wound dressing device |
JP3406214B2 (ja) * | 1998-01-30 | 2003-05-12 | ユニ・チャーム株式会社 | 使い捨ておむつ |
JP2000093455A (ja) | 1998-09-25 | 2000-04-04 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 液体誘導具、及びそれを取り付けた下着 |
JP2000271170A (ja) * | 1999-03-25 | 2000-10-03 | Uni Charm Corp | 表面構造体を有する吸収性物品 |
US6423883B1 (en) * | 1999-07-13 | 2002-07-23 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Liquid reception medium with liquid activated mechanical mass transport means |
JP3875007B2 (ja) * | 2000-09-01 | 2007-01-31 | ユニ・チャーム株式会社 | 連続フィラメントを有する表面層を用いた吸収性物品およびその製造方法 |
US6559772B2 (en) * | 2001-07-24 | 2003-05-06 | Farnaz Zand | Moisture sensing apparatus |
JP4342337B2 (ja) * | 2004-02-17 | 2009-10-14 | ユニ・チャーム株式会社 | 使い捨ておむつ |
JP4511250B2 (ja) * | 2004-06-03 | 2010-07-28 | ユニ・チャーム株式会社 | 使い捨ておむつ |
-
2002
- 2002-09-30 JP JP2002287462A patent/JP4109068B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-09-29 CN CNB031649262A patent/CN1296024C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-09-29 US US10/673,994 patent/US20040078020A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-09-30 DE DE60329896T patent/DE60329896D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-09-30 KR KR1020030067722A patent/KR100923718B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-09-30 TW TW092127045A patent/TW200407096A/zh unknown
- 2003-09-30 EP EP03256162A patent/EP1405619B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-09-30 AT AT03256162T patent/ATE447390T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1405619A3 (de) | 2004-05-19 |
JP2004121392A (ja) | 2004-04-22 |
KR100923718B1 (ko) | 2009-10-27 |
EP1405619A2 (de) | 2004-04-07 |
TW200407096A (en) | 2004-05-16 |
EP1405619B1 (de) | 2009-11-04 |
ATE447390T1 (de) | 2009-11-15 |
JP4109068B2 (ja) | 2008-06-25 |
KR20040029261A (ko) | 2004-04-06 |
CN1296024C (zh) | 2007-01-24 |
US20040078020A1 (en) | 2004-04-22 |
CN1496722A (zh) | 2004-05-19 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
ATE290841T1 (de) | Wegwerfartikel zur absorption von körperflüssigkeiten | |
ATE365515T1 (de) | Intravaginalvorrichtung zur verhinderung von weiblicher harninkontinenz | |
SE9503512D0 (sv) | Surgical instrument for treating urinary incontinence | |
DE60329896D1 (de) | Artikel zur Führung von Urin und Verwendung dafür | |
HK1099239A1 (en) | Soft breastshield | |
BR0317053A (pt) | Roupa ìntima descartável com uma inserção absorvente distensìvel e método para uso da mesma | |
ATE380528T1 (de) | Implantat | |
DE50309020D1 (de) | Katheter | |
DE60044885D1 (de) | Strahlungsapplikator | |
BRPI0721790B8 (pt) | artigo absorvente | |
ATE536816T1 (de) | Einstellbare orthopädische bohrerführung | |
DE602005020200D1 (de) | Intramedullärer Nagel zur statischen oder dynamischen Fixierung | |
ATE382296T1 (de) | Stift zur knochenfixation | |
DE60301458D1 (de) | Vorrichtung zum anbringen chirurgischer Klammern mit einem Schaft mit reduziertem Querschnitt | |
BRPI0411013A (pt) | implante para uso na fusão de estruturas ósseas adjacentes, método de tratar um organismo para promover fusão de estruturas ósseas adjacentes e sistema para uso na fusão de estruturas ósseas adjacentes | |
ATE275901T1 (de) | Vorrichtung zur vermeidung unbeabsichtigten urinierens | |
ATE380009T1 (de) | Wegwerfwindel | |
ATE95434T1 (de) | Einmalkatheter zur harnableitung. | |
ATE342705T1 (de) | Perforierte oberste schicht für absorbierenden artikel | |
BRPI0415094A (pt) | artigo absorvente compreendendo uma estrutura absorvente | |
MY118587A (en) | Urine absorbent bag | |
DE60309881D1 (de) | Katzentoilette ausgestattet mit einem urintest | |
ATE288297T1 (de) | Einführkanüle zur implantation von kathetern | |
WO2000007535A3 (en) | Disposable absorbent article comprising fecal management layer having fibers oriented in the z-direction | |
NO20003629D0 (no) | Forbindelser med veksthormonfrigjørende egenskaper |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
8364 | No opposition during term of opposition |