DE60106723T2 - LIQUID SUPPLY OF A COMBUSTION CHAMBER - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for supplying fluid to a combustion chamber (3) of a furnace (2) or technically equivalent plant includes a pipe which has peripheral openings (5e) and which is supported externally of the furnace combustion chamber (3), and means for moving the pipe axially into and out of an opening in the chamber wall. The fluid is supplied through a flexible hose (7). A cleaning device is arranged in a supply device housing (11) and functions to clean the pipe as the pipe moves inwardly and/or outwardly. Threaded plugs that function as nozzles through which fluid is delivered to the chamber are screwed into one or more of the openings (5e). One (9) of the plugs is provided with a camera lens (60) that enables an on-line-study and/or photoelectric recording of the combustion process in the chamber (3) to be made.

Description

The The present invention relates to a feeder for feeding of fluid into an internal combustion chamber of a heat generation plant, for example, a boiler, a combustion furnace and a technical corresponding device, wherein the supply means of the In the preamble of claim 1 mentioned type.

background the invention

feeders of this type are in the field of WO-A-95 154 63 and SE, C, 9201747-4 (Publication No. 502,188).

These known fluid supply devices have lower emission values and greater flexibility on and enable the fast and reliable Realization of adjustments to desired emission values.

These Facilities also simplify the Entrußen and cleaning in the Device, a feature that also controls the emission of combustion or evaporation processes improved.

The Facility allows also the supply of different fluids or solids to different Times through one or more of the tubes, leaving a new one optimum operating point with respect to the prevailing operating state the combustion chamber can be adjusted. A special advantage known facilities is that one or more pipes can be removed while the Combustion and gasification process using the remaining tubes can still go on.

Other Types of feeders are described, for example, in DE, A1,4306 765 (Bauer) and US, A, 5,112,216 (Tenn).

A Supply device of the type mentioned must be able to have a long term in a demanding environment reliably too work, in which not least introduced into the combustion chamber tube due to the prevailing high temperature and corrosive environment high voltages and stresses is exposed. Further is It also requires the temperature changes that occur when removing the pipe for cleaning, usually 3 - 6 times per calendar day, to be considered.

at Use of incinerators with fluid supply facilities the above mentioned Art are equipped, it is desirable the combustion process make it more effective and the emission of polluting To reduce substances. In order to realize this, it is necessary that the well know the prevailing state of the combustion process. So far in this regard made suggestions were not completely satisfactory as it was u.a. was not possible several of the parameter properties or characteristic factors, the for an effective combustion process are important, e.g. the color the combustion gases and particles and the intensity in different Sharing the combustion chamber to examine in detail. A task The object of the present invention is to remedy this deficiency.

Summary Description of the invention

A Feed device according to the invention, which fulfills this task is of the type described above and has the in the preamble Characteristics set forth in claim 1.

One provided by the invention advantage is that, in principle the whole oven filmed continuously and downstream of the affected pipe can be displayed, e.g. on a screen in a control room. This advantage is especially given when at least one of the camera lenses is a wide-angle lens. That leaves that automatic control of the combustion process by means of computer-aided image analysis for maximum effectiveness at the same time strict attention to environmental aspects.

outlet, through which cleaning fluid and cooling fluid can be blown, are conveniently around the lens in a lens receiving Cones arranged. This fluid is preferably the same fluid, that fed to the combustion chamber and the blow-in cleaning process intensifies the effect which is achieved by the rotatable elements, e.g. the steel pins or brushes, which are used to clean the pipe while it is moves inwards and / or outwards.

The possibility of using the process air supplied to the remaining air nozzles of the pipe, these nozzles varying in number between eg 10 and 50, for the clean-blowing of the camera lens and also for the cooling of this lens is of particular advantage. The lens and its associated part, which are received in the spigot, are suitably disposed radially from the peripheral surface of the spigot at a distance which permits transmission of convective and radiant energy from the cold tube wall to the objective. Claims 6 and 7 define a feeder with which effective cooling of both the nozzle-equipped feeder and the camera is possible jektivs is possible.

The Invention also allows continuous adjustment of the exit angles, the flow velocity and the pressure of the exiting fluid by means of computer-aided image analysis Turning the tube in positions that match the signals or information which are constantly supplied by the image analysis according to the invention and changes reveal the environmental conditions.

It is preferred that the supply means in practice with a Motor, e.g. an electric motor is provided which a chain drive which in turn automatically the tube with respect to the obtained with the image analysis result in appropriate positions rotates. The of the coolant both during his streaming to the inside end as well as its backflow to the outside end covered spiral Route means that the cooling is particularly effective, and increases thereby the life of the feeder. The coolant tube or the coolant tubes and the return channel are conveniently on their outer surfaces with connections, preferably quick couplings, for the Connect flexible hoses provided that can accompany the pipe when it is axially out the combustion chamber and into it.

Further characteristic features of the invention and the advantages afforded thereby will be apparent from the following description of an exemplary embodiment of the invention. The description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Summary the drawings

1 FIG. 12 is a sectional perspective view of the combustion chamber of a heat generation plant, for example, a waste incinerator equipped with an air supply device according to the present invention, showing the device in an active state.

2 is a perspective view of some essential components of the 1 shown supply device.

3 is a broken view of the fluid transporting tube in the 1 and 2 shown supply device, wherein the tube has an outer shaft and cooling pipes or pipes.

4 Figure 11 is a side view of the outer end of the fluid transporting tube showing a suspension assembly and fluid connections as well as coolant connections.

5 is a detailed sectional view of a portion of the wall of the incinerator and a housing, which is located at the end of the feeder and which serves to accommodate the Rohrreinigungseiemente.

6 Figure 11 is a vertical sectional view through the tube showing three threaded apertures spaced apart at different angular distances.

7 Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of a feeder in which a tenon that receives a camera lens and includes openings through which cleaning air is blown is threaded.

8A - 8C show three different types of cones that are in the in 6 shown threaded openings can be screwed.

9 Figure 11 is an end view of the inside end of the feeder, with the inside end having a flange connection with associated releasable seal assemblies for cooperation with the sliding tube.

10 Finally, a sectional view taken along the line XX in FIG 9 , from which it can be seen that the sealing arrangement is duplicated and that the intermediate space is pressurized by the supplied secondary air, so that boiler leakage is reduced due to a displacement of the pipe.

Detailed description preferred embodiments

1 shows a combustion plant 2 in the form of a solid fuel burning furnace, the furnace having a lower grid (not shown) and an upper combustion chamber 3 having.

The fuel may be fed to the furnace either intermittently or continuously, and the combustion air is injected in the form of primary air from below and up through the grate, causing in the combustion chamber 3 Combustion gases are generated.

Via a number of feeders, one of which 1 designated in 1 is shown, secondary air is supplied. The supply device comprises an axially movable tube 5 which passes through an opening in the furnace wall into the combustion chamber 3 occurs. The feeder 1 leads for the Final combustion of gaseous reaction products and solid particles in the combustion chamber 3 secondary air too. Some of these particles settled on the inner surfaces of the combustion chamber 3 These surfaces are made with externally insulated water or steam pipes 4 are dressed. Thus, particles also sat on the supply pipes 5 off, causing the openings 5e , through which the secondary air is supplied, can be either completely or partially blocked, which adversely affects the secondary air supply. As a result, the combustion is incomplete and leads to problems of the type mentioned above.

In the case of the illustrated plant are the fluid supply pipes 5 , For example, for the supply of secondary air, arranged so that they form a curtain system, which a plurality of parallel pipes 5 of this kind on one or more levels in the combustion chamber 3 includes. The pipes 5 are with nozzle-shaped openings 5e along the entire length of the shaft surface of the respective tubes provided. The openings 5e may have mutually different pitches and spacings, and a plurality of mutually angled rows of apertures may be formed along the tubes in a below with reference to FIGS 6 and 8th be arranged in more detail described manner. These openings can be with pins 5f . 5g . 5h be provided, which can optionally serve as nozzles.

A fluid, eg secondary air with an admixture of concentrated ammonia, recycled flue gas and / or gaseous oxygen at high pressure, is supplied by means of a fan or blower (not shown) connected to a collection container 6 from which flexible hoses are connected 7 extend, wherein the hoses with the end flanges 5b respective tubes 5 are connected by quick couplings.

Depending on the combustion process involved, the pipes become 5 axially into the chamber and out of the chamber 3 out after longer or shorter intervals, eg 3 - 6 times per calendar day, moves. This makes it possible to keep the emission value of the combustion process at an optimum value.

In the 1 shown feeder 1 consists of an elongated module unit, which is detachable on the wall 2a the incinerator can be mounted in the region of a pipe receiving opening in the wall. The modular unit is a frame part 10 constructed of generally square cross-section. The frame part 10 has at one end a cleaning device in the form of steel pins 8th , which serve as brushes, and their below with reference to 5 described drive means. A housing 11 in which the cleaning device 8th and their drive means 41 - 47 are housed, is provided with connecting means which a connecting flange 35 having the tube receiving opening in the wall 2a surrounds.

Along the frame part 10 extends an upper guide 12 for a sled 13 which is the pipe 5 in the area of its outer end by means of connections 14 . 15 and a generally U-shaped element 16 which is the pipe 5 surrounds, stores. As already mentioned, the tube is rotatably mounted to allow the optimum adjustment of the direction of the exiting fluid streams.

The tubular drive means consists of an electric motor 20 , which at the inner end of the frame part 10 is arranged, wherein the electric motor 20 over a chain 21 which one around by the wave 22 worn sprocket 23 is running, a wave 22 rotates. Another sprocket 25 is on a wave 26 at the other end of the frame part 10 appropriate. About the sprockets 23 . 25 runs a chain 24 , which with the connecting arm 15 via a connecting element 27 connected, so the pipe 5 depending on the direction of rotation of the electric motor 20 is moved in every direction.

The in the area of the roof of the frame part 10 arranged leadership 12 has lower angled legs which form a downwardly facing opening, from which the downwardly directed central part 13a the T-shaped carriage 13 protrudes. The sled 13 can slide on the bar serving as a guide means or can be equipped with wheels or rollers for facilitating the movement.

How out 3 shows, there is the tube 5 from a tube shaft 5a , which with nozzles or nozzle-like openings 5e is provided, and from an inner tube 5b , which at its outer end a connecting flange 5k for interaction with a clutch 7a on the flexible hose 7 having. Every tube 5 For example, you can have three rows of nozzles or jet openings 5e have, which are arranged at mutually different angular intervals. Thereby, the tube can be brought into its optimal position either by turning the tube and / or by inserting pins into one or more of the jet openings or all jet openings in one or more rows in connection with the installation of the device, wherein the pins either no openings have, ie, may be blind, or have nozzles which have nozzle openings with mutually identical or different diameters, so that the direction and the size of the exiting from the tube fluid flow for the respective combustion process op is timal.

The outer shaft 5a and the inner tube 5b Both have a closed inner end and take up to a certain extent three coolant lines 5c on, which spirals around the inner tube 5b extend. The coolant lines 5c are provided at their outer ends with a connection, such as a quick coupling, which of a sheath 51 is covered and which for an interaction with a flexible coolant supply hose 30 thought is. One connection, eg a quick coupling, for another flexible hose through which the coolant exits is of a similar sheathing 5f covered.

The coolant lines 5c are open at their inner ends, so that the coolant leaving the lines a spiral return channel 5i in between the outer shaft 5a , the inner tube 5b and the coolant lines 5c receives trained rooms. In the 3 arrangement shown allows a very effective cooling of the tube 5 ,

In the 5 shown cross-sectional view is intended to illustrate that the housing 11 for the cleaning devices comprises two or more opposing steel pins, which are supported by support members and act as brushes, wherein the support members a controlled or guided rotational movement about the tube 5 Run when the pipe is in the combustion chamber 3 and moved out of it, whereby the centrifugal force thus generated is used for effective cleaning of the tube.

In detail, the brushes 8th on a bracket 40 arranged, which from a rotary shaft 41 is worn, which at one end a gear 42 has, against the inner teeth of a fixed gear 43 rolls. The wave 41 is about a ball bearing 50 , a socket 51 and the holder 49 on a sprocket 48 appropriate. The torque is powered by a motorized chain 47 that with the sprocket 48 engages, transmitted, wherein the motor drives the chain not shown in the figure. The sprocket 48 in turn is for a cooperation with the toothed ring 43 over V-shaped wheels 44 , which with a similar V-shaped groove in the circumference of the toothed ring 43 grab, attached.

Due to the construction described above, the brushes rotate 8th at high speed and inevitably hit the pipe 5 albeit gentle to effectively dissolve soot and other particulate deposits. The axial displacement of the tube also leads to the treatment of the entire well area and the nozzle openings arranged therein. The unit 39 with their steel pins 8th can be easily replaced in its entirety after the shaft 41 by loosening their nuts and bolts is released.

7 shows one in the opening 5c in the tube 5 screwed pin 9 , The pin 9 is with a camera lens 60 which includes an online examination and / or a photoelectric recording of the combustion process by means of a conductor connection 61 allows. This allows influencing the combustion process in the chamber 3 by means of signals which, for example, are sent to a pressure and current regulating fan. The illustrated lens 60 is a wide-angle lens that, in principle, allows for continuous filming and viewing of the entire oven directly on a screen or via a video in a control room.

The pin 9 includes a large number of outlet openings 63 small diameter, through which air, which from the combustion chamber 3 supplied process air is blown to the lens 60 to blow clean and to cool the lens.

The objective 60 and his conductor connection 66 are also cooled by the surrounding coolant, ie water, in the spiral flow path described above and can thereby be kept free from deposits. The "coarser" cleaning process, which by referring to 5 brush system is also a contributory factor in this regard.

The part of the camera lens 60 in the journal 9 is received, is spaced from the journal circumference at such a distance that a transfer of the convection and radiation energy from the cold pipe wall is possible on the lens. Although not shown, the tube is 5 further provided with an electric motor, by means of which the tube can be rotated in each direction by a (not shown) chain drive by 180 °.

Thus, it is with the help of computer-aided image analysis by means of the camera lens 60 possible, the direction, the flow velocity and the pressure of the cones 5g . 5h ( 8th ) continuously adapting air so that an effective combustion process can be realized in response to signals and information disclosed by the image analysis regarding changes in underlying conditions.

When attaching and fine tuning the fluid supply device, a carefully considered decision is made as to which nozzle openings 5e should be open, and therefore, which of the openings should be closed. The camera can also be used when making this decision. It is important to know, in connection with the analysis, the temperature in the combustion zone in which the pipe is 5 lies. This important parameter can be determined by means of the pipe itself, namely by placing a temperature sensor in the area of the inside end of the pipe, eg the closed inside end wall of the pipe, as in 3 will be shown.

One precise Recording of current temperature zones can be achieved by stepwise insertion of the tube, e.g. each by half a meter, and reading the temperature at any interruption of the pipe entry to be obtained. The camera can also be used in this process become.

After recording the propagation of these temperature zones, the nozzles become 9 which should be open, and the nozzles that should be closed to get the best function, determined. The tube may also be rotated during the course of the testing operation, the tube being rotatable as mentioned above. In the case of in 6 and in the 8A - 8C As shown, the tube has three rows of nozzle openings 5e on, which are arranged at mutually different angular distances, for example at angular intervals of 90 °, 120 ° or 150 °. If all the nozzle openings 5e in a row with closed cones 5f the in 8A equipped type, the two exiting fluid jets can form corresponding angles to each other with respect to the position in which the tube 5 was filmed.

The remaining nozzle openings 5e can with respective nozzles 5g and 5h of in 8B or in 8C be provided type, whereby the size of the emerging from the tube current can be regulated. The nozzles 5g which have small openings, for example, can be arranged near the outer end of the tube, whereas the nozzles 5h , which have large openings, can be screwed into the inner end of the tube. As a result, different streams can be obtained in the longitudinal direction of the tube.

There may be several different types of threaded nozzles 5g . 5h with opening diameters of 5, 10, 12, 15 and 20 mm, for example.

The 9 and 10 show a double sealing arrangement 35 which works much like two irises or shutters and which works on a connection flange 36 for connection to the boiler wall 2a is arranged at the inner end of the supply device, wherein the inner end of a lower flange 47 having. The sealing arrangement 35 has two rows of sealing elements on a sealing device 37 which has the shape of a circular ring and which has a rotary flange 49 wherein the device by means of a central bolt 39 is rotatably supported and with arcuate slots 38 is provided, in which the bolt can run.

Respective rotary flanges 49 are also provided with arcuate slots in which the bolt 39 can run. The rotary flange 49 is with a swivel arm 40 provided by means of which the flange 49 by a (not shown) piston rod of a (not shown) pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder can be rotated, which on the frame part 10 is attached, reducing the rotation of the flange 49 a movement of the sealing elements 37 radially outward or radially inward depending on the direction in which the flange is rotated.

The movement of the sealing elements radially inwardly causes the elements on the tube 5 issue. The sealing elements are made of the tube 5 applied state moves when rotated in the other direction, whereby the tube can move axially.

How out 10 it can be seen that the two parts of the double sealing arrangement 35 axially spaced. A fluid, in the case shown secondary air, is via a peripherally arranged air sleeve or air connection piece 45 to the gap 42 directed. This way, in the room 42 maintained an overpressure to the boiler, which leaked from the combustion chamber 3 prevents when the pipe 5 is in its inserted position.

The air sleeve 45 is fed via a separate line (not shown) the same secondary air as the combustion chamber. The supplied fluid thus serves a dual purpose.

A double seal assembly of the type described with separate secondary air supply for sealing purposes in conjunction with axial movement of the pipe has proven to be much more effective in practice than an assembly having only a single set of seal members of the type described above, similar to an iris diaphragm or an iris shutter work. The arrangement also ensures a reliable result by the fine tuning operation described above, in which the camera lens 60 is used.

The reference number 47 in FIG. 40 net lower flanges belonging to the double sealing arrangement, while the reference numeral 48 denotes a spacer element, 49 two rotary flanges and 50 designates two guide flanges.

The Maintenance of the incinerator is running normally off, older ones used modular units removed and a new unit is installed by placing the unit in the same place previously was taken from the remote unit is connected. For one best possible function will be built before the normal use of the new modular Unit performed a test of the type described above. The Maintenance and service of the removed modular unit can therefore be executed, for example, in the factory.

in the Case of typical incinerators, in which the supply device according to the invention can be used, the tubes usually have a length of 3 - 6 Meter. It can but both longer as well as shorter ones pipe lengths be used. The modular design of the feeder allows a relatively easy to adapt the device to the in different individual cases desired Pipe lengths.

Claims (10)

Supply device for the supply of fluid into a combustion chamber ( 3 ) of a heat generating plant, for example a boiler, a combustion device or a furnace ( 2 ), wherein the supply device ( 1 ) comprises: a) a tube ( 5 ), which is stored outside the plant and circumferential openings ( 5e ), b) drive means ( 20 - 27 ) for moving the tube ( 5 ) through an opening in the wall of the installation axially into the installation and out of the installation, c) means ( 13 - 16 ) for slidably supporting the tube at its outer end, the means being constructed so that the tube can be rotated about its longitudinal axis, d) at the outer end of the tube ( 5 ) ( 5g ) for the connection with a flexible hose ( 7 ), which serves for the supply of fluid from a supply source, e) rotatable elements, eg steel pins ( 8th ) or brushes for cleaning the pipe in conjunction with its movement inwardly and / or outwardly; f) means ( 30 ) for supplying coolant to the pipe ( 5 ), characterized by g) one or more preferably threaded openings ( 5e ) in the pipe ( 5 ), wherein the openings for receiving pins ( 9 ; 5f . 5g . 5h ) are designed, preferably of pins which can be screwed into the openings, and wherein one or more of the pins ( 9 ) a camera lens ( 60 ), which via an associated conductor connection ( 61 ) makes it possible to carry out an online observation and / or a photoelectric registration, which influences the combustion process in the chamber ( 3 ) can be used. Supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one lens ( 60 ) is a wide-angle lens. Feed device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pin around the lens outlet openings ( 63 ), through which cleaning and cooling fluid can escape. Feeding device according to claim 3, characterized in that the cleaning and cooling fluid is the same fluid as the combustion chamber ( 3 ). Feeding device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the objective ( 60 ) and in the cone ( 9 ) are spaced at a radial distance from the peripheral surface of the pin so that a transfer of convection and radiant energy from the cold tube wall to the lens is possible. Feeding device according to one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the tube has an outer tube shaft surface ( 5a ), which contains the pin-receiving circumferential openings, that one or more coolant lines ( 5c ) between the inner tube ( 5b ) at the outer tube shaft surface ( 5a ) runs or extend spirally, wherein the coolant line or lines ( 5c ) is open at its inner end and the inner tube ( 5b ) and the outer tube shaft ( 5a ) are closed at their inner end, so that in the spaces between the outer tube shaft ( 5a ), the inner tube ( 5b ) and the coolant line or the coolant lines ( 5c ) a spiral fluid return channel ( 5a ). Feeding device according to claim 6, characterized that the spiral Coolant lines replaced by walls between the pipe and the surrounding pipe shaft are. Supply device according to one of claims 1-7, which by drive means for turning the pipe, means for adjusting the outflow direction, the flow rate and the pressure of the fluid supplied via the tube nozzles with the help of computer-aided Image analysis and in response to signals and information that in image analysis regarding of the state of combustion in the combustion chamber are marked. Supply device according to one of the claims 1-8, characterized in that the tube with a sealing arrangement ( 35 ), which the opening in the wall ( 2a ) and which sealing elements, which with the pipe ( 5 ) in their sealing position and by drive means ( 40 ) in a first position, in which the pipe ( 5 ) is free for axial movement, and in a second position, in which the sealing elements are held in the fixed position of the tube sealingly abutting the tube, can be moved, whereby a double row of sealing elements ( 37 ) is arranged in axially spaced relationship; and that the rooms ( 42 ) between the two rows of sealing elements at least in the insertion position of the tube ( 5 ) are kept under an overpressure. Feeding device according to claim 9, characterized in that the same fluid which flows into the interior of the tube ( 5 ) and into the combustion chamber, eg secondary air, from the supply source via a separate supply line to the interstices ( 42 ).