DE585530C - Solvent for cellulose esters - Google Patents

Solvent for cellulose esters

Info

Publication number
DE585530C
DE585530C DEC36497D DEC0036497D DE585530C DE 585530 C DE585530 C DE 585530C DE C36497 D DEC36497 D DE C36497D DE C0036497 D DEC0036497 D DE C0036497D DE 585530 C DE585530 C DE 585530C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
ether
ethylene glycol
solvent
cellulose esters
diethyl ether
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEC36497D
Other languages
German (de)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carbide and Carbon Chemicals Corp
Original Assignee
Carbide and Carbon Chemicals Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carbide and Carbon Chemicals Corp filed Critical Carbide and Carbon Chemicals Corp
Priority to DEC36497D priority Critical patent/DE585530C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE585530C publication Critical patent/DE585530C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J3/00Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
    • C08J3/02Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
    • C08J3/09Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in organic liquids
    • C08J3/091Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in organic liquids characterised by the chemical constitution of the organic liquid
    • C08J3/095Oxygen containing compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2301/00Characterised by the use of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
    • C08J2301/08Cellulose derivatives
    • C08J2301/10Esters of organic acids

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)

Description

Lösungsmittel für Celluloseester Es ist bereits vorgeschlagen worden, Monoalkyläther des Äthylenglykols als Lösungsmittel für zahlreiche Stoffe, u. a. auch .für Celluloseester zu verwenden. Es wurde nun gefunden, daß die Dialkyläther des Äthylenglykols erhebliche Vorteile als Lösungsmittel für Celluloseester gegenüber den Monoalkyläthern aufweisen. So zeigt zunächst die nachstehende Aufstellung, daß die untereinander stark abweichenden Siedepunkte der Dia11C3T1-äther eine große Auswahl hinsichtlich deren Verwendbarkeit als Lösungsmittel gegenüber den Monoalkyläthern gestatten: Äthylenglykolmonomethyläther. . . 125' C Äthylenglykoldimethyläther..... 83° C Äthylenglykolmonoäthyläther ... i35° C Äthylenglykoldiäthyläther ...... i24.° C Äthylenglykolmonopropyläther . . 15o° C Äthylenglykoldipropyläther..... i6o°"C Ä thylenglykolmonoisopropyläther 152' C Äthylenglykoldiisopropyläther ... 159" C Äthylenglykolmonoisobutyläther. i59° C Äthylenglykoldiisobutyläther.... 18i° C Äthylenglykolmonoallyläther. , . . i59° C. Die Diäther zeigen ferner im allgemeinen ein besseres Lösungsvermögen für Celluloseester als die Monoäther, insbesondere bildet der Dimethyläther ein ausgezeichnetes Celluloseacetat-Lösungsmittel und besitzt einen bemerkenswert niedrigen Siedepunkt, der eine große Verdampfungsgeschwindigkeit bedingt. Der I)imethyläther ist ferner weniger gefährlich im Gebrauch als das bisher für Celluloseacetatlacke am meisten gebräuchliche Aceton, da sein Flammpunkt beträchtlich höher liegt.Solvent for cellulose esters It has already been proposed to use monoalkyl ethers of ethylene glycol as a solvent for numerous substances, including. For cellulose esters. It has now been found that the dialkyl ethers of ethylene glycol have considerable advantages as solvents for cellulose esters over the monoalkyl ethers. The following list shows that the boiling points of the Dia11C3T1 ethers, which differ greatly from one another, allow a wide range of options with regard to their usability as solvents compared to the monoalkyl ethers: Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether. . . 125 ° C ethylene glycol dimethyl ether ..... 83 ° C ethylene glycol monoethyl ether ... i35 ° C ethylene glycol diethyl ether ...... i24 ° C ethylene glycol monopropyl ether. . 15o ° C ethylene glycol dipropyl ether ..... i6o "C ethylene glycol monoisopropyl ether 152 'C ethylene glycol diisopropyl ether ... 159" C ethylene glycol monoisobutyl ether. i59 ° C ethylene glycol diisobutyl ether .... 18i ° C ethylene glycol monoallyl ether. ,. . Furthermore, the dieters generally show better dissolving power for cellulose esters than the monoethers; in particular, the dimethyl ether is an excellent cellulose acetate solvent and has a remarkably low boiling point, which causes a high rate of evaporation. The methyl ether is also less dangerous to use than acetone, which has hitherto been most commonly used for cellulose acetate paints, since its flash point is considerably higher.

Der Vorteil insbesondere des Diäthyläthers im Vergleich zum entsprechenden Monoäthyläther ergibt sich aus der Tatsache, daß ersterer weniger wasserlöslich ist als letzterer und daß die aus ersterem hergestellten Lacke daher weniger Neigung zum Trübwerden haben. Der Kochpunkt des Diäthyläthers liegt etwa io° C unterhalb jenem des Monoäthyläthers, und die mit ersterem hergestellten Lacke trocknen schneller als jene mit dem Monoäther. Es ist eine allgemeine Eigenschaft der Lacke, daß die, welche zu rasch trocknen, eine leicht aufgerauhte Oberfläche (Apfelsinenschaleneffekt) zeigen und daher ein Abschleifen zwecks Erzielung einer glatten Oberfläche erfordern. In dieser Hinsicht ist es von Interesse, daß, obwohl die Lacke mit Äthylglykoldiäthyläther als Lösungsmittel rasch trocknen, sie dennoch keine erhöhte Neigung zur Ausbildung des genannten Effektes zeigen. Lacke, welche Diäthyläth.er enthalten, können mit den üblichen Lösungsmitteln verdünnt werden; in dieser Hinsicht sind die möglichen Verdünnungsverhältnisse mit dem Diäthyläther die gleichen wie die mit Buty lacetat, das bekanntlich ein ganz hervorragendes Lacklösungsmittel bildet. Äthylenglykoldiäthyläther ist ferner ein besseres Lösungsmittel als der MQnoäthyläther, insbesondere für Esterharze, entwachstes Dammarharz, Manilaharz, Pontianac, Glycerinphthalsäureharz, gebleichten Schellack, Kauri-, Elemi-, Cumaronharz und andere Pflanzenharze. Es ist ein gutes Lösungsmittel für Gilsonit (Asphalt), Sandarac und Kongokopale sowie Celluloseacetat. In dieser Hinsicht :ist es bemerkenswert, darauf 'hinzuweisen, daß Esterharz mit Nitrocellulose, gelöst in Äthylenglykoldiäthyläther, verträglich ist, während dies bei Verwendung-des Monoäthyläthers nicht zutrifft. Sowohl Monoäthylals auch Diäthyläther sind Nitrocellulose-Lösungsmittel, .aber .die Überlegenheit des Diäthyläthers ergibt sich aus der Tatsache, daß Lösungen von Nitrocellulose in diesem Äther weniger viskos sind als solche im Monoäthyläther. Beispielsweise zeigt eine r5°%ige Lösung von Nitrocellulose (% Sek.) in Äthylenglykolmonoäthyläther eine Viskosität von q.,7o abs. nach Bingham bei 25° C, während eine' Lösung der gleichen Konzentration in Äthylenglykoläthyläther nur eine Viskosität von 2,4.o abs. nach Bingham bei 25° C besitzen. oThe advantage of diethyl ether in particular compared to the corresponding Monoethyl ether arises from the fact that the former is less water soluble is than the latter and that the paints made from the former are therefore less inclined to have to tarnish. The boiling point of diethyl ether is about 10 ° C. below that of monoethyl ether, and the lacquers made with the former dry faster than those with the monoether. It is a general property of paints that the which dry too quickly, a slightly roughened surface (orange peel effect) show and therefore require sanding to achieve a smooth surface. In this regard it is of interest that although the paints contain ethylglycol diethyl ether dry quickly as a solvent, but they still have no increased tendency to form show the effect mentioned. Varnishes containing diethyl ether can be used with can be diluted with the usual solvents; in this regard are the possible Dilution ratios with the diethyl ether are the same as those with butyl acetate, which is known to be an excellent paint solvent. Ethylene glycol diethyl ether is also a better solvent than MQnoäthyläther, especially for ester resins, dewaxed dammar resin, manila resin, pontianac, glycerolphthalic acid resin, bleached Shellac, kauri, Elemi, coumarone and other vegetable resins. It is a good solvent for gilsonite (asphalt), sandarac and Congo copals and cellulose acetate. In this regard: is it noteworthy to point out that ester resin is compatible with nitrocellulose dissolved in ethylene glycol diethyl ether is, while this does not apply when using the monoethyl ether. Both monoethyl and Diethyl ether is also a nitrocellulose solvent, but the superiority of the Diethyl ether results from the fact that solutions of nitrocellulose in this Ethers are less viscous than those in monoethyl ether. For example, a r5 °% solution of nitrocellulose (% sec.) in ethylene glycol monoethyl ether has a viscosity from q., 7o abs. according to Bingham at 25 ° C, while a 'solution of the same concentration in ethylene glycol ethyl ether only a viscosity of 2.4.o abs. after Bingham at 25 ° C own. O

Claims (1)

PATENT ANSYRUCII: Verwendung eines Dialkyläthers des Äthylenglykols, insbesondere des Dimethyläthers als Lösungsmittel für Celluloseester, z. B. Acetylcellulose. PATENT ANSYRUCII: Use of a dialkyl ether of ethylene glycol, especially dimethyl ether as a solvent for cellulose esters, e.g. B. acetyl cellulose.
DEC36497D 1925-04-08 1925-04-08 Solvent for cellulose esters Expired DE585530C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEC36497D DE585530C (en) 1925-04-08 1925-04-08 Solvent for cellulose esters

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEC36497D DE585530C (en) 1925-04-08 1925-04-08 Solvent for cellulose esters

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE585530C true DE585530C (en) 1933-10-10

Family

ID=7022304

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEC36497D Expired DE585530C (en) 1925-04-08 1925-04-08 Solvent for cellulose esters

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE585530C (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2652339A (en) * 1948-01-28 1953-09-15 Nash Kelvinator Corp Solution of cellulose acetate butyrate
US2836506A (en) * 1953-11-25 1958-05-27 Dow Chemical Co Thermoplastic compositions of watersoluble cellulose ethers

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2652339A (en) * 1948-01-28 1953-09-15 Nash Kelvinator Corp Solution of cellulose acetate butyrate
US2836506A (en) * 1953-11-25 1958-05-27 Dow Chemical Co Thermoplastic compositions of watersoluble cellulose ethers

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