DE56823C - Process and apparatus for liquefying and using chlorine - Google Patents

Description

IMPERIAL

PATENT OFFICE.

PATENT LETTERING

CLASS To: Soda, as well as the rest of the chemical

Patented in the German Empire on October 7, 1890.

To use chlorine as such, instead of that bound to lime and other bases, and especially to be able to keep or send it shows the liquid form of the same as appropriate, and the method described below aims to provide a simplified approach to be specified for liquefaction.

Chlorine of any origin can be used for liquefaction, but only Do not contain any harmful amounts of carbon dioxide, hydrochloric acid, etc. Therefore will In most cases of large farms, the chlorine gas initially prepared is only obtained from such have to clean strange companions. But it works by using electrolysis A chlorine can be obtained that is pure enough to condense immediately after the water vapor has been removed to be able to become, be it directly under the own pressure of the developing Gas, be it by other means. For chlorine compression under the development pressure Any device can serve, which connects producer, cleaner and compressor in such a way, that an escape of the chlorine into other rooms is excluded, whereby of course the liquefaction in the template and otherwise supported by cooling.

Most of the time, however, you will prefer the chlorine under normal or even under negative pressure to be developed and only to be condensed afterwards. To facilitate and simplify First of all, the following is used for such a procedure:

As can be seen from Fig. 1, the coming from any source, but sufficiently pure chlorine leads through line B into the. Apparatus A on and C off. The container A is surrounded by heat protection compound or is cooled from the outside. Cooled water sprays out of the tip D , which forms hydrate with the chlorine. It is good to take salty water. This dissolves less chlorine, releases less steam, mediates the heat exchange better and freezes more difficult. The hydrate precipitates and is prevented by the perforated or slotted plate E from flowing off at F with the excess water which the pump G draws through the cooler H and the reservoir J to eject it again at D. Naturally, a number of apparatuses such as A are required, all of which are in connection with G and, connected next to one another or one behind the other, are swept through by the chlorine. That apparatus A, which contains sufficient chlorine hydrate, is switched off, and hot water or correspondingly little steam is passed through the pipe K , but the escaping chlorine is dried in L and liquefied in M.

The drying in L takes place in such a way that L is cooled down to such an extent that most of the water entrained in vapor form from A is precipitated as hydrochloride. However, the amount of water carried along depends to a large extent on the type of gasification, because if too much hot water and too much steam pass through K , the then stormy gasification may even cause liquid water to be carried along, but at the same time it works as a result of the higher temperature, more water vapor is also transferred.

For these reasons, it is advisable to work with warm water, because then temperature and speed of gasification can be adjusted at will.

One should not go above 80 ° without need and siphons with plenty of flowing water warm from about 25 to 30 °.

Of course, the chlorohydrate itself can also be used for stacking and shipping serve, which offers the advantage of being able to use weaker vessels, since the hydrochloride It is necessary to stand under less pressure than liquid chlorine, so that it is vitreous and porcellanene containers can be used, which by a suitable sheet metal jacket be strengthened and protected. On the other hand, the chlorine hydrate has the disadvantage, metal very attacking much more than liquid chlorine and containing more than two thirds of water.

Instead of binding the chlorine to water before it is compressed, it can of course also be absorbed other substances are bound, which release it again easily; such substances are z. B. Chlorcaldum, the protochlorure, like copper chloride, Antimony chloride and the like.

Gold chloride also easily absorbs chlorine, and gives it at a comparatively lower level Temperature again.

But all these bodies have the deleterious property of increasing with increasing pressure more difficult to decompose, while hydrochloric acid also offers the advantage, so to speak to be used for drying chlorine gas.

Of course, the chlorine gas could also be liquefied directly by pumping, but as a result of its lively striving for union it works more or less quickly destructive to all bodies that can be used for pump parts. You could see this easily destructible press down a little by first transferring the piston stroke to a suitable liquid, e.g. B. on matching liquid or easily meltable neutral yet saturated chlorides.

In the present procedure, however, this serious situation is completely circumvented, since the pumps only come into moderate contact with chlorine and only very cold low-chlorine solution, which is under such low pressure in Fig. 1, the hard rubber pumps become usable. Incidentally, it can also be done in FIG. 1 by switching on a heating device or a vacuum the chlorine content of the solution before it enters the pump itself decrease even further.

In the present process, the chlorine to be liquefied is not pumped itself, which is very advantageous if only because pumping gas is very uneconomical shows and the compression by the released heat very cumbersome cooling devices conditionally, keeping it tight is also very difficult, if not impossible at all. The latter is easy with the present method. . ■

Dry liquid chlorine only attacks metals such as iron or steel insignificantly, otherwise it is well known with the gaseous. To the destruction of the dear steely ones To prevent pressure bottles, they are only used for stacking and shipping.

However, when feeding such consumable devices from such bottles it causes the chlorine, which becomes gaseous, corrodes the iron pressure bottles, it is therefore good to to fill the iron vessels before this feeding. This can be done in a short time, and thereby the possibility of decomposition is significantly reduced.

Bottles, or rather, are then used to feed the consumer appliances Tubular bottles made of gutta-percha, ebonite or better made of glass, porcelain, in which the storage and / or. Shipping bottles are refilled, for which the following device can serve (Fig. 2):

A is the iron or steel pressure bottle with or without an inner lead coating; B is a glass bottle respectively. Tube with metal attachment C; an iron jacket D is firmly pressed onto the glass bottle, which was initially surrounded by a layer of residue from boiled-down linseed oil (gutta-percha, rubber, glycerine glue) (E). This jacket also holds the metal attachment D in place for reinforcement.

This approach is only after filling with the one between the glass and iron Cover screwed on. Before that, the still soft plastic covering is pressed in. The iron coat has an opening with a thread at the opposite end, from which the air escapes before the covering is pressed in can emerge. As soon as the coating itself begins to penetrate, this opening is through Screwing in the bolt is closed, the space between iron and gas is completely filled and after repeats this as it cools down.

This ensures that the covering is sealed on all sides, and so the bottle B with the taps F 'F " open is screwed onto the neck G of the bottle A. The bottles are then placed in the frame J or in the frame K and by means of the Screw L firmly pressed against each other. The frame is now turned on the axes O in the bearings N lubricated by M so that A is at the bottom, and then the taps H H 'are carefully opened, and then it is reversed so that A is at the top and can run out to B. Once this has happened, the taps F ' F "are closed, then H'H".

Claims (1)

The small amount of chlorine remaining can then be quickly released into the consuming apparatus or into the air. Bottle A is now blown out with air and is ready to be refilled.
If the bottle A is to have an inner lead coating, it must first get a galvanic deposit on which the remaining lead is then melted in a known manner. Finally, although it goes without saying, it is also noted that the water is divided can be effected in the carburetor in a variety of other ways instead of in the specified manner, z. B. by a so-called. Atomizer or through a rain strainer and the like. As insignificant and less simple than the spray device, this is not of decisive importance Concern. The perforated plate in the carburetor can also be moved like a knot catcher. Pateντ claims: i. An apparatus in which liquid chlorine without a pump is represented in the manner commercially becomes that the chlorine derived from some source is contained in a closed one Container in contact with finely divided, low-temperature water brings the formed chlorine hydrate on a sieve or other filter base in the The receptacle collects while the excess water drains off, then the receptacle when it does is filled with chlorine hydrate, turns off, not heated too high and that is under Pressure-developing chlorine is collected in a cold receiver, in which it liquefies, whereby the template is used directly as a transport vessel for the liquid chlorine can serve. In connection with the by claim ι. characterized apparatus has an intermediate receiver connected between the chlorohydrate gasifier and the container for the liquid chlorine, in which the water carried by the chlorine gas is separated out as chlorine hydrate by cooling and thus kept away from the liquid chlorine that collects in the last receiver.
To prevent and reduce the destruction of the under i. designated template respectively. Pressure bottle the device for decanting into a vessel made of chemically resistant material (Fig. 2) and the use and manufacture of this vessel by protecting and strengthening the inner container by a metal jacket, between which a plastic mass is pressed tightly. For this purpose ι sheet of drawings.