DE50235C - Control of machines by means of the working piston. - Google Patents

Description

HES

PATENT OFFICE

The. The control described in the following has with the under No. 39953 and the The associated additional patents protected control have in common that they are based on the only reciprocating movement of a hollow working piston is based.

The present neae control differs differs from the patented control just mentioned in that it is also the control effecting working piston is still provided with control piston (piston valves), which be moved through the working piston by means of steam, air, gases. This control piston In addition to the working piston, they also influence the steam distribution and thus the operation of the machine. Since the strained water vapor is the usual representative of the expanding body is, then only steam will be used in the following. These control pistons can be arranged perpendicularly inclined or parallel to the working piston axis, they can be at the top and attached to the bottom or side of the steam cylinder. The control pistons can be provided either only for the entry of the steam or for entry and exit, they can work separately from one another or be linked to one another.

Furthermore, the control pistons can be used directly as steam shut-off and distribution organs work, or they can work with valves (simple plate, ball, double-seat or Haufoenvalves) be connected or sliders and thereby effect the control.

All these combinations are only as modifications to look at the same. Four such variations are described in more detail below will.

The construction shown in Fig. 1 to 4 shows control piston, the axis of which is perpendicular to the working piston axis.

The control consists of the hollow working piston JS, the two control pistons h and h \ which are drawn here in connection with valves i and i ^l and a helical spring, and the steam paths bmm ^l for the inlet and d to d '" for the outlet Steam.

The mode of operation of this control is as follows:

The piston B is shown in its dead center position on the left. The steam coming from the boiler flows through the nozzle α and the channel in the cylinder wall into the cavity 'of the piston B. When the piston moves to the left before this end position, it flows when the piston channel edge 2 overflows the edge 1, FIG. 1 , Steam .through m into the valve space between i and h, but it does not yet lift the valve because the pressure between piston h and valve i equalizes. But as soon as the piston edge 2 reaches the edge 3 of the cavity under valve i , the steam emerging from piston B lifts valve i, and it only closes again after the piston channel edge 2 crosses edge 1 of the valve when piston B moves to the right Cylinder channel has exceeded; now the steam begins to expand. The steam emerges when the piston B crosses the outflow channels d ^ d '", FIG. 3.

As soon as the edge 4 of the piston B passes over the edge 5, the valve i ¹ opens, and when the piston is about to move to the left, the same takes place in reverse.

The control piston h moves a poppet valve i in the drawing (FIG. 1), but the piston can also, as already mentioned above, be connected to a hood valve or a double seat valve or some other known form of valve. The control piston can be pressed down by an air or rubber buffer etc. instead of the helical spring shown in FIG.

In FIGS. 5 to 8, the second variation of the control initially identified is shown and the control piston axes run parallel to the working piston axis. Instead of parallel to run, the same can also be arranged inclined.

The control shown in Figs. 5 to 8 consists of the same parts as that in Fig. 1 to 4, only the valves are missing and the control pistons directly influence the Steam inlet.

The mode of action is as follows: '

The pressurized steam flows through α and b into the hollow working piston B, which is shown in its left end position. The control piston h is then in its right end position, wherein the fresh steam through channel m on the piston h passing further through channel i behind the working piston b flows up in the movement thereof to the right, where the piston edge 2 exceeds Cylinderkante 11, the steam is cut off and the expansion in the working cylinder begins. At the same time, the helical spring arranged in the piston h pulls this piston back into its left starting position because the pressure on its annular space ceases. With the further movement of the working piston B to the right and shortly before the end of its stroke, the pre-inflow takes place in that the piston edge 2 ¹ passes over the cylinder ^{edge i 1} . At the same time, steam flows from piston B through channel z ' ¹ onto the annular surface of control ^{piston Ti 1.} , Pushing it to the left and exposing channel m ¹ ; Fresh steam then flows in for such a long time behind the piston B as it moves to the left, until it passes through its edge 2 ^{1 over} the 'edge 11 ^{] of} the channel m ¹ . The outlet steam is regulated by piston B. The same takes place through d d '" when B is moving to the right and through ^{d 1} d"" when moving left. If B covers the steam outlet ducts, the compression begins.

The third variation is shown in FIGS. 9, 10 and 11. This construction differs from that shown in FIGS. 5 to 8 in that the control pistons lying with their axis parallel to the working piston axis are connected to one another to form a hollow body hh which, contrary to the construction described above, regulates the outlet ducts. The fresh steam is supplied through the tube α and passes through the channel b in the cylinder wall into the hollow working piston jB. In the left position of the working piston B shown in FIG. 9, the control piston hh is driven to the right by the steam emerging from the cavity of the piston B , thereby exposing the channel m and the outlet channel ff " , while the second inlet channel m ^l and outlet channel / ^{1 are exposed} Z "covered. If the piston B begins its movement to the right, filling will take place until the piston edge 2 exceeds the edge 11 of the channel m. On the front side of the piston, the outflow through // "and the exhaust pipe g continues until the piston edge 5 passes over the outlet channel f and the compression then begins.

Before the piston reaches its end position on the right, and as soon as edge 2 ¹ of piston B crosses edge 1 ^x of channel i ¹ , the steam emerging from B , acting on the annular surface of piston valve h , will throw the latter to the left; thus m is ¹ free outlet channel f "and Einlafskanal and the filling takes during the now beginning movement of the piston B to the left again until the piston channel edge 2 ^1, the edge of the channel ii ^l m exceeds ^1.

The small buffer pistons d and d ^{l are also} connected to the piston valve h by the rods c and c ^1. The purpose of these is to reduce the substance of the control piston hh when it is thrown from one side to the other by the steam acting on it. Instead of the air buffers shown, springs etc. can also be used.

The fourth variation is shown in FIGS. In this construction, fresh steam enters through the hollow piston rod. The direct steam coming from the boiler flows through the tube a α into the small valve bodies b and b ¹ arranged at both ends of the steam cylinder, at the same time through the tube k into the tube 5 and thus through the hollow piston rod ρ , which is open at the back, into the working piston B. The piston is drawn in its left end position, starting its way to the right. The steam enters the cylinder through the left inlet channel c ; the right inlet ^{channel c 1} is closed, the left outlet slide i " has closed the outflow ^{channel c 1} , the

Claims (1)

right V " exposed the outlet channel. If the edge of the working piston B crosses the small bore ι in the right end of the cylinder, fresh steam flows from B through the steam path ι behind the control piston d '", pushing it to the left and thereby causing the slide V " the discharge channel g in the right end of the cylinder closes and the slide i " opens the channel c" . The steam that has been effective on the piston B during its movement to the right can thus flow out through the channel c " and the exhaust pipe g; depending on the arrangement of the bore ι, a greater or lesser constant degree of compression can be achieved. The catch χ limits the movement of the outlet slides i " and V" through the elastic fabric disks-y undy ¹ ; Instead of this, a buffer can also be attached to the piston rod which is extended beyond d ". Depending on the degree of filling to be achieved, by means of an automatically variable device, not shown here, depending on the position of the regulator at a certain position of the piston B, steam in front of the piston m, which has a larger diameter than d ^l , is passed through the opening 3, and since this is also connected to the slide c ¹ like the piston d , the inflow channel c is closed by moving the slide i to the left, whereby the expansion begins. . This automatically variable shut-off device can be one of the known ones. If the space 0 of the piston B, which is constantly filled with steam, crosses the bore 2, steam passes through the tube 2 behind the small piston d of the right inlet slide valve i ¹ , throwing it to the left and thereby opening ^{the inflow channel c 1.} When the piston moves from left to right, the same happens in reverse Episode instead. Patent claims: i. Innovation for power machines or hammers, which are operated with expandable media (instead of which, for the sake of brevity, “vapors” are always used), consisting of a working piston B filled with steam, which is connected to the steam feed line through channel b (Fig. 1 to 11 ) or ρ (Fig. 12 and 13) is in constant connection, and the control piston controlled by this working piston la h ¹ (Fig. ι to 11) and dd ¹ (Fig. 12 and 13), which moves by steam without mechanical drive by the working piston B by means of the channels closed by the valves of the same name in FIGS. 1 to 4 or the channels open in FIGS. 5 to 11 and mm ¹ , as well as the channels i, 2, i ¹ , 2 ¹ (Fig. 12 and 13) controls the control piston, while these in turn control the working piston B by means of the channels just mentioned.
In the control characterized in claim 1, the use of the control piston either directly without intermediate organs (Fig. 5 to 11) by the control piston hh ¹ itself respectively the steam inlet closure. cause the outlet, or by means of movement of valves i V- (Fig. 1 to 4) or slides i to V " (Fig. 12 and 13J control the working piston, either the inlet alone (Fig. 1 to 8) or influence inlet and outlet (Fig. 9 to ι 3). For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings.