DE498570C - Impact fuse for artillery shells - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN EMPIRE

ISSUED ON May 28, 1930

REICH PATENT OFFICE

PATENT LETTERING

CLASS 72 i GROUP

Schwob Freres & Cie Soc. Anon. in La Chaux-de-Fonds and Andre Varaud in Geneva, Switzerland

Impact fuse for artillery projectiles. Patented in the German Empire on January 27, 1928

The invention relates to momentary impact detonators, especially of the kind which act on compression and persistence., with those on compression acting impact needle and the inertia assumed mass of the squib are arranged axially movable in the fuze axis and are kept at a distance from one another during transport by means which are subject to centrifugal force and which in turn are in their working position are held by organs subject to inertia.

The invention relates to a detonator arming retarder Safety device based on the fact that a radially arranged to the fuse axis Rack and pinion under the influence of centrifugal force and the interposition of a

ao derailleur gradually causes the release of the firing pin. The new thing about the subject of the invention consists in the fact that the rack and pinion subordinate to the centrifugal force fork-shaped and towards the middle of the bullet

which is bevelled in the shape of a roof.

For example, the drawing illustrates two different embodiments the invention.

Fig. Ι is an axial section of the first embodiment in the transport position, wherein the detonator is provided with a sealing cap and a protective cap.

Fig. 2 is a cross section along line AA of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an axial section through the detonator in the transport position, wherein the gear train that belongs to the facility is visible.

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the detonator with the protective cap removed so that the device which is housed in the ignition body, becomes visible.

Fig. 5 is an axial section of the same embodiment, with the sealing cap and the protective cap are removed and the arrangement of the organs at the discharge of the shot during the linear acceleration can be seen.

Fig. 6 is also an axial section, showing the detonator at the moment of the serve shows.

Fig. 7 is an axial section of the second embodiment in the transport position and provided with a protective cap.

Figures 8 to 10 are axial sections on the same plane as Figure 7 showing the detonator

when the shot is fired, while the trajectory is covered at the moment when the tip of the firing pin touches the squib, and at the moment of impact. Fig.ir is a cross-section along line AA of Fig. 7.

Figure 12 is a top plan view of the detonator body after removal of the protective cap, the device according to the invention being shown, which is removable in the detonator body is housed.

Fig. 13 shows a detail in a broken line following the axes of the clockwork gear.

Figs. 14 through 16 are an axial section, one Partial side and top plan views of an alteration with the cap removed.

From the drawing (Fig. 1 to 12) it can be seen that the firing pin 1 is axially movable in the controlling the impact Sliding member 2 is arranged. The latter, in turn, is seated in the detonator cap so that it can move axially 3.

This type of installation of the firing pin 1 was sought to prevent if jolting while handling the bullet should occur, the shock suffered by the sliding member 2, be it directly or indirectly as a result of the moment of inertia, suffers from. it can be transferred indirectly to the firing pin. To do this reach, a buffer spring 4 is installed in the front part of the sliding member 2, which are supported can on the one hand on the projection 5 of the firing pin 1 and on the other hand on the Inner bottom of a threaded hollow pin 6, which is on the front end of this Sliding member 2 is screwed on. The cross-section and the diameter of this spring 4 is chosen so that it offers sufficient resistance to compression (approximately 14 to 15 kg) such that it can absorb the bumps, which at most take effect on the tip of the sliding member 2, be it during handling, be it due to the moment of inertia at the beginning of the trajectory, for example, when the launch takes place in the wood and because the gun is not free enough, the point of the projectile the branches of trees grazes.

The firing pin 1 and the

Weight mass 26 (Fig. 7) acting on the moment of inertia are during transport and at the beginning of the flight path by a radial bolt 8 with rack teeth (their The mode of operation will still be explained) at a distance from the squib 7 held. This bolt 8 has in its center a longitudinal slot 9 through which the tip 10 of the firing pin 1 is passed through vertically.

The firing pin 1 therefore rests with its overhang of larger diameter the rack bar 8 and can not move against the squib 7 while the bolt 8 is in the operative position, as shown in Fig. 1 and 7.

The end of bolt 8 is fork-shaped and beveled at ix to the To enable firing pin 1 to gradually remove the squib 7 without jarring to be achieved when the bolt 8 retreats under the action of centrifugal force. Means of the pin 12 (Fig. 11), which in a known manner in the effect of the inertia works, is provided with claws and a stem, which in a corresponding diametrical hole in the Enters the middle of the bolt 8, the latter is held in its working position.

Besides, it is because the pin 12 is also at the slightest acceleration when shooting should be able to withdraw, necessary for the Security of the transport that the pin 12 in turn in its effective, until the departure the shot is locked in its working position by means of a clip 19 ', which enters an axial bore of the bolt 8 and is screwed into a pin 22 is (Fig. 7 to 16).

The toothing of radial bolt 8 controls ■ by means of a toothed piston 15 (Fig. 1 to 4 and Ii to 13) a gear 13, which in the igniter body 14 is housed.

The last wheel of this gear 13 is an escape wheel 16, which with an armature 17 cooperates, which: around a with With respect to the projectile axis (Fig. 4 and 12) eccentrically arranged axis oscillates. Anchor 17 (Fig. 12) is somewhat unbalanced, i. H. he's a little de-equilibrated, so that one of its levers is pressed against the teeth of the escape wheel 16 under the action of centrifugal force is to such such the braking of this wheel with the centrifugal force according to the Bring the rotation speed of the projectile in proportion.

Accordingly, the eccentric arrangement of this anchor 17 comes with respect to the axis of the projectile great importance to it.

In fact, attempts at shooting with these fuses have shown that, thanks to this eccentric Arrangement and, thanks to this disequilibration of the anchor, the distance from the The muzzle of the barrel until the moment when the 'firing pin is given a Has traveled the distance and comes into contact with the squib, essentially

despite the different initial speeds between 250 and 500 in and despite the corresponding between 6500 and 1500 revolutions per minute Rotational speeds is the same, a fact showing evidence of effectiveness the braking provides, 'in relation to the rotation speed of the projectile stands.

The housing, which accommodates the gear 13 and the inhibiting device 16, 17, is composed of two parts 23, 24, which can be removed and installed in the igniter body 14 are (Figs. 12 and 13). The mode of action of this detonator goes from the following:

Before the launch, the protective cap is in the first embodiment (Fig. Ι to 6) 18 and the sealing cap 19 removed, while in the second embodiment, the linch pin 19 'is also withdrawn. The detonator is then ready for use.

When firing (Fig. 5 and 8), the sliding member comes due to the inertia 2 to rest on the board 20 while compressing the buffer spring 4, which is screwed into the igniter cap 3.

As soon as the linear acceleration has reached its end, the sliding member 2 comes under the Effect of spring 4 back to the position shown in Fig. 1 and 7, while the bolt 8 To take along the toothed piston 15 and the gear 13 under the effect of centrifugal force begins, but still keeps firing pin 1 locked.

The anchor escapement 16, 17 then acts like a brake to the axial displacement of bolt 8 by that fraction of a Second, which is necessary to move the projectile a sufficiently large distance after leaving the muzzle, before the firing pin 1 the squib 7 reached.

If the inclined path 11 of the bolt 8 under the action of the sliding member 2 effective air resistance against the projection of the firing pin 1 to lie comes, it gradually approaches the squib 7 until it completely reaches it has (Fig. 9). When the bolt 8 is completely outside the path of the firing pin 1, then the detonator is cocked, i.e. H. it becomes the Burst.

On the circumference of the firing pin 1 is between the sliding member 2 and the lower surface of the Body 14 or the plate 23 of the igniter gear a very weak spring 21 a-6b placed in order to compensate for the effect of the air resistance on the sliding member 2 in part and to prevent the squib from being pierced as a result of this effect.

This contact between the tip of the firing pin and the primer makes an extraordinary one great sensitivity of the detonator achieved, but on the other hand by the effect spring 21 ensures that premature puncture of the squib is excluded, since it is known that the expenditure to be expended for such a perforation Force is relatively large.

The weight member 26, on which the persistence is effective and which in Figs. 7-10, operates in a known manner.

The weight mass 26 can prove very useful in rupturing the projectile in the case where the angle of incidence of the impacting projectile is very small or when the projectile hits an opposing slope, which is known to cause many failures arise when the detonator does not have a link that also affects the ability to persist.

Figures 14 through 16 illustrate one Modification in which the buffer spring 4 and the weight member 26 are eliminated is and according to which the pin 19 ', instead of having a loop on the outside, a Has tongue 25, which is inserted or in a corresponding cutout of the body 14 is soldered and has a loop to allow it to be torn off before launch.

Claims (3)

Patent claims: 1. Impact fuze for artillery projectiles with an arming device Detonator retarding safety device, in which a radial to the detonator axis arranged rack bar under the influence of centrifugal force and an intermediate switching mechanism gradually cause the release of the firing pin, characterized in that the rack bar (8) fork-shaped and after the middle of the storey is tapered to a roof shape. 2. Impact fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that an inclined path (11) ensures that one in the two teeth of the fork part of the rack and pinion (8) entering tip of the striker little by little until it touches completely for a few moments before the relaxation of a squib (7) can move closer. 3. An impact fuse according to claim 2, wherein the firing pin is axially movable is housed in a guide, which in turn is itself in the detonator axis can slide, with a first spring between the head of the firing pin and a removable bottom of this guide and a second spring between the detonator body and this guide is provided, characterized in that this second spring (21) has the effect of air resistance compensates for premature puncture of the squib (7) to prevent. 1 sheet of drawings