DE495627C - Purification of highly concentrated nitric acid - Google Patents

Purification of highly concentrated nitric acid

Info

Publication number
DE495627C
DE495627C DEI36954D DEI0036954D DE495627C DE 495627 C DE495627 C DE 495627C DE I36954 D DEI36954 D DE I36954D DE I0036954 D DEI0036954 D DE I0036954D DE 495627 C DE495627 C DE 495627C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
nitric acid
highly concentrated
concentrated nitric
purification
acid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEI36954D
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Dr Helmut Weissbach
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IG Farbenindustrie AG
Original Assignee
IG Farbenindustrie AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by IG Farbenindustrie AG filed Critical IG Farbenindustrie AG
Priority to DEI36954D priority Critical patent/DE495627C/en
Priority claimed from GB1834629A external-priority patent/GB328156A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE495627C publication Critical patent/DE495627C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B21/00Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
    • C01B21/20Nitrogen oxides; Oxyacids of nitrogen; Salts thereof
    • C01B21/38Nitric acid
    • C01B21/46Purification; Separation ; Stabilisation

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Description

Reinigung hochkonzentrierter Salpetersäure Hochkonzentrierte Salpetersäure, die durch Destillation verdünnter Salpetersäure mit konzentrierter Schwefelsäure hergestellt wird, enthält meist geringe Mengen Schwefelsäure. Diese Verunreinigung, die für manche Verwendungsztvecke der Salpetersäure sehr unerwünscht ist, wird gewöhnlich durch nochmaliges Destillieren der Säure entfernt. Hierzu ist jedoch ein erheblicher Energieaufwand erforderlich, der dieses Reinigungsverfahren ,ehr kostspielig gestaltet.Purification of highly concentrated nitric acid Highly concentrated nitric acid, nitric acid diluted by distillation with concentrated sulfuric acid usually contains small amounts of sulfuric acid. This pollution which is very undesirable for some uses of nitric acid, becomes common removed by again distilling the acid. However, this is a significant one Energy expenditure required, which makes this cleaning process rather expensive.

Es wurde nun gefunden, daß man hochkonzentrierte Salpetersäure vorteilhaft von Schwefelsäure befreien kann, indem man sie mit Oxyden, Hydroxyden oder Nitraten dreiwertiger ;Metalle; z. B. Aluminium oder Eisen, behandelt. Bei Zugabe entsprechender Mengen der genannten Verbindungen fällt fast die gesamte Schwefelsäure in Form schwerlöslicher Sulfate aus, so daß nach Trennung von dem Niederschlag unmittelbar eine praktisch schwefelsäurefreie Salpetersäure gewonnen wird. Da die Reaktion bei gewöhnlicher Temperatur vor sich geht, erfordert das Verfahren nur die geringe Energie, die zur Mischung der Säure finit den Reagentien und zur Trennung von den ausgefällten Sulfaten aufzuwenden ist. Die verbrauchten Reagentien können aus den abgeschiedenen Sulfaten in bekannter Weise, wie durch Glühen oder Behandeln mit Ammoniak o. dgl., leicht regeneriert werden, wobei gleichzeitig auch die in den Sulfaten enthaltene Schwefelsäure in nutzbarer Form gen-onnen «-erden kann. Das beschriebene Verfahren kann umgekehrt auch dazu dienen, konzentrierte Salpetersäure, die durch dreiwertige Metalle, z. B. Eisen, verunreinigt ist, zu reinigen, indem man diese Metalle durch entsprechende Zugabe von Schwefelsäure oder löslichen Sulfaten niederschlägt. Beispiel In iooo Liter konzentrierte Salpetersäure vom spezifischen Gewicht 1,51, die im Liter U g H2S04 enthält, werden 4.,55 kg Aluniinitimn.itrat von der ungefähren Zusammensetzung Al(N03)3 # io H20 und mit einem Gehalt von 53 % Al(N03)3 eingetragen,. Durch Rühren wird das Salz gelöst und in ,ler Säure verteilt, wobei eine Umsetzung des Aluminitininitrats zu Aluminiumsulfat stattfindet. Nach 24stündigem Stehenlassen hat sich das entstandene Aluminiumsulfat auf dem BG len des Behälters abgesetzt, so daß die darüberstehende klare Säure zum größten Teil abgehebert werden kann. Die Säure enthält nur noch o, i g H2S0_i im Liter.It has now been found that highly concentrated nitric acid is advantageous You can get rid of sulfuric acid by treating it with oxides, hydroxides or nitrates trivalent metals; z. B. aluminum or iron treated. When adding appropriate Almost all of the sulfuric acid falls in the form of sparingly soluble amounts of the compounds mentioned Sulphates, so that after separation from the precipitate immediately a practical Sulfuric acid-free nitric acid is obtained. Because the reaction at ordinary Temperature is going on, the process requires only the small amount of energy used to Mixing of the acid finely with the reagents and for the separation of the precipitated sulfates is to be expended. The consumed reagents can be obtained from the deposited sulfates in a known manner, such as by annealing or treating with ammonia or the like. Easily can be regenerated, at the same time also the sulfuric acid contained in the sulfates can gen-on-earth in a usable form. The procedure described can be reversed also serve to concentrate nitric acid, which is replaced by trivalent metals, e.g. B. iron, is contaminated, to be cleaned by these metals by appropriate Addition of sulfuric acid or soluble sulfates precipitates. Example In iooo Liters of concentrated nitric acid with a specific gravity of 1.51, which in the liter of U g H2S04 contains 4., 55 kg aluminum nitrate of the approximate composition Al (N03) 3 # io H20 and entered with a content of 53% Al (N03) 3 ,. By stirring the salt is dissolved and distributed in, ler acid, with a conversion of the aluminitininitrate to aluminum sulfate takes place. After standing for 24 hours, the resulting Aluminum sulfate deposited on the BG len of the container, so that the overlying clear acid can for the most part be siphoned off. The acid only contains o, i g H2S0_i in liter.

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH: . Verfahren zum Reinigen hochlcon7entrierter Salpetersäure, die entweder durch SO,-Ionen oder durch Ionen dreiwertiger Metalle verunreinigt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man die SO,-Ionen mit Oxyden, Hydroxyden oder Nitraten dreiwertiger Metalle niederschlägt oder die Ionen dieser Metalle durch Fällung mit Schwefelsäure oder löslichen Sulfaten entfernt.PATENT CLAIM:. Process for purifying highly concentrated nitric acid, which are contaminated either by SO, ions or by ions of trivalent metals is, characterized in that the SO, ions with oxides, hydroxides or nitrates trivalent metals or the ions of these metals by precipitation with Sulfuric acid or soluble sulfates removed.
DEI36954D 1929-02-01 1929-02-01 Purification of highly concentrated nitric acid Expired DE495627C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEI36954D DE495627C (en) 1929-02-01 1929-02-01 Purification of highly concentrated nitric acid

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEI36954D DE495627C (en) 1929-02-01 1929-02-01 Purification of highly concentrated nitric acid
GB1834629A GB328156A (en) 1929-06-14 1929-06-14 Improvements in the purification of highly concentrated nitric acid

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE495627C true DE495627C (en) 1930-04-09

Family

ID=25981554

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEI36954D Expired DE495627C (en) 1929-02-01 1929-02-01 Purification of highly concentrated nitric acid

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE495627C (en)

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