DE49503C - Process for the decomposition of ammonia by means of acid sulphates or bisulphates and regeneration of the acid sulphate used - Google Patents
Process for the decomposition of ammonia by means of acid sulphates or bisulphates and regeneration of the acid sulphate usedInfo
- Publication number
- DE49503C DE49503C DENDAT49503D DE49503DA DE49503C DE 49503 C DE49503 C DE 49503C DE NDAT49503 D DENDAT49503 D DE NDAT49503D DE 49503D A DE49503D A DE 49503DA DE 49503 C DE49503 C DE 49503C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- ammonia
- acid
- decomposition
- bisulphates
- regeneration
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical group N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 40
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 20
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title claims description 13
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims description 9
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M bisulphate group Chemical group S([O-])(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 title claims 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 title claims 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- BIGPRXCJEDHCLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium bisulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].OS([O-])(=O)=O BIGPRXCJEDHCLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001125671 Eretmochelys imbricata Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
- C01D7/00—Carbonates of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
- C01D7/18—Preparation by the ammonia-soda process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B7/00—Halogens; Halogen acids
- C01B7/01—Chlorine; Hydrogen chloride
- C01B7/03—Preparation from chlorides
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Description
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.
des angewandten sauren Sulfates,of the acid sulphate used,
Bis jetzt geht das Chlor des Chlornatriums bei der Fabrikation der Ammoniaksoda als Chlorcalcium verloren. Das vorliegende Verfahren bezweckt die Gewinnung von Salzsäure und infolge dessen auch von Chlor wie bei der Herstellung von Leblanc-Soda zu ermöglichen. Up to now the chlorine in the sodium chloride has been used in the manufacture of the ammonia soda Calcium chloride lost. The present process aims to obtain hydrochloric acid and as a result also of chlorine as in the production of Leblanc soda.
Die bei den Operationen entwickelte Salzsäure eignet sich besonders dazu, nach bekannten Verfahren (wie z. B. nach Deacon u. A.) direct in Chlor übergeführt zu werden, oder dieselbe kann auch auf gewöhnlichem Wege condensirt und so in den Handel gebracht oder auf Chlor verarbeitet werden.The hydrochloric acid developed during the operations is particularly suitable, according to known Process (such as, for example, according to Deacon and others) to be converted directly into chlorine, or the same can also be done by ordinary means Ways condensed and thus brought on the market or processed on chlorine.
Im Nachstehenden werden die einzelnen Operationen des Verfahrens beschrieben:The individual operations of the procedure are described below:
i. Salmiak, welcher mit saurem, schwefelsaurem Natron, Kali oder Ammoniak erhitzt wird, verliert seine Salzsäure, während das Ammoniak sich mit der freien Säure des Bisulfats zu neutralem, schwefelsaurem Ammoniak verbindet, welches mit dem neutralen, schwefelsauren Alkali zurückbleibt:i. Salmiak, which is heated with acid, sulphate of soda, potash or ammonia becomes, loses its hydrochloric acid, while the ammonia with the free acid of the bisulfate to neutral, sulfuric acid ammonia, which combines with the neutral, sulfuric acid Alkali remains:
2 Na HSO, + 2 JVfZ4 Cl = 2 HCl (NHJ O O 2 Na HSO, + 2 JVfZ 4 Cl = 2 HCl (NHJ OO
SO, + Na2 SO, 2 (NHJ HSO, +2 (NHJ Cl =2 HCl + 2 (NHJ2 SO,. SO, + Na 2 SO, 2 (NHJ HSO, +2 (NHJ Cl = 2 HCl + 2 (NHJ 2 SO ,.
2. Man entwickelt Ammoniak aus dem Gemenge der beiden Sulfate, indem man dieselben im Wasserdampfstrom erhitzt (Verfahren Carey und Hurt er für die Sulfate fester Alkalien). Das Ammoniak wird auf die gewöhnliche Weise condensirt und das regenerirte saure Sulfat kann von neuem zur Zerlegung von Salmiak dienen: 2. Ammonia is developed from the mixture of the two sulphates by heating them in a stream of steam (Carey and Hurter's method for sulphates of solid alkalis). The ammonia is condensed in the usual way, and the regenerated acid sulphate can be used again for the decomposition of ammonia:
(NHJ2 SO, + Na2 SO, + H2O = 2 NHS + 2Na HSO, + H2O(NHJ 2 SO, + Na 2 SO, + H 2 O = 2 NH S + 2Na HSO, + H 2 O
(NHJ2 SO,+ H2O = NH, + (NHJHSO^H2 O.(NHJ 2 SO, + H 2 O = NH, + (NHJHSO ^ H 2 O.
Bei der beschriebenen Ausführung des Verfahrens ist die Benutzung des sauren, schwefelsauren Ammoniaks vorzuziehen, weil dasselbe leicht herzustellen und die Wiedergewinnung des Ammoniaks einfacher und vollständiger ist, als die der entsprechenden Natrium- oder Kaliumsalze.In the described execution of the method, the use of acidic, sulfuric acid Ammonia is preferable because it is easy to manufacture and recover of ammonia is simpler and more complete than that of the corresponding sodium or Potassium salts.
Bei der Herstellung des sauren, schwefelsauren Ammoniaks und Wiedergewinnung des Ammoniaks wird wie folgt verfahren:In the production of acidic, sulfuric acid ammonia and recovery of the Ammonia is proceeded as follows:
In einem gufseisernen Cylinder wird neutrales schwefelsaures Ammoniak bis auf circa 2oo° C. erhitzt, bei welcher Temperatur dasselbe in Ammoniak und saures Sulfat zerfällt. Um Verluste von Ammoniak durch Reduction zu vermeiden, sorgt man besonders gegen Ende der Operation für eine genügende Wasserdampfatmosphäre, welche die Reaction regulirt. Sobald die Ammoniakentwickelung nachläfst, hört man mit dem Erhitzen auf. Der Cylinder wird entleert, indem man das geschmolzene säure Sulfat ausfiiefsen läfst.In a cast iron cylinder, neutral sulfuric acid ammonia is reduced to approx Heated 2oo ° C., at which temperature it breaks down into ammonia and acid sulphate. In order to avoid loss of ammonia through reduction, one takes special care against End of the operation for a sufficient water vapor atmosphere to allow the reaction regulated. As soon as the development of ammonia subsides, you stop heating. The cylinder is emptied by allowing the molten acid sulphate to flow out.
Zur Zerlegung des Salmiaks wird der Salmiak aus der Flüssigkeit, in welcher derselbe gelöst ist, durch irgend, ein Mittel, wie ATo break down salmiac, salmiac is made from the liquid in which it is is resolved, by some means, such as A.
krystallisiren, Verdampfen oder Verflüchtigen, gewonnen; das abgekühlte, geschmolzene saure Sulfat wird zerstofsen und grob zerkleinert. Je nach der Menge der freien Säure, welche dieses saure Sulfat enthält, wird dasselbe hierauf mit dem Salmiak in einem solchen Verhältnifs gemischt, dafs stets ein Ueberschufs von freier Säure vorhanden ist. Darauf wird allmälig erwärmt, die Entwickelung der Salzsäure beginnt fast sofort und man fährt mit dem Erhitzen fort, bis die Entwickelung beendet ist. An der Ausflufsöffnung des Reactionskessels kommen die Gase mit Schwefelsäure von 600B. in Berührung, welche aus einem Behälter in einer den Gasen entgegengesetzten Richtung in einen kleinen Thurm herabfliefst, um den Salmiak, welcher sich verflüchtigen könnte, oder das Ammoniak, welches sich bei zu lange ausgedehnter Operation entwickeln würde, zurückzuhalten. Die entwickelte Salzsäure wird durch die gebräuchlichen Mittel condensirt oder direct zur Herstellung von Chlor benutzt. Nach beendeter Reaction wird der Kessel geleert.crystallize, evaporate, or volatilize, won; the cooled, molten acid sulphate is crushed and coarsely crushed. Depending on the amount of free acid which this acid sulphate contains, it is then mixed with the ammonia in such a proportion that there is always an excess of free acid. This is followed by gradual warming, the evolution of hydrochloric acid begins almost immediately, and heating is continued until the evolution has ended. At the Ausflufsöffnung of Reactionskessels the gases come with sulfuric acid of 60 0 B. into contact which herabfliefst the gases opposite direction in a small tower from a container in a to the ammonium chloride which may be volatilized, or ammonia, which in itself Too long surgery would develop to withhold. The developed hydrochloric acid is condensed by the usual means or used directly for the production of chlorine. After the reaction has ended, the boiler is emptied.
Das schwefelsaure Ammoniak wird derselben Behandlung wie vorher unterworfen, um saures Sulfat und Ammoniak zu erhalten, welches wieder in den Kreis der Operationen zur Herstellung der Ammoniaksoda eintritt.The sulfuric acid ammonia is subjected to the same treatment as before in order to make acidic Sulphate and ammonia to get, which back into the circuit of operations for manufacturing the ammonia soda enters.
Alle Operationen können in bereits bekannten Apparaten ausgeführt werden.All operations can be carried out in already known apparatus.
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE49503C true DE49503C (en) |
Family
ID=324422
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DENDAT49503D Expired - Lifetime DE49503C (en) | Process for the decomposition of ammonia by means of acid sulphates or bisulphates and regeneration of the acid sulphate used |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE49503C (en) |
-
0
- DE DENDAT49503D patent/DE49503C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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