DE449447C - Glow cathode for electric discharge tubes - Google Patents

Glow cathode for electric discharge tubes

Info

Publication number
DE449447C
DE449447C DET27778D DET0027778D DE449447C DE 449447 C DE449447 C DE 449447C DE T27778 D DET27778 D DE T27778D DE T0027778 D DET0027778 D DE T0027778D DE 449447 C DE449447 C DE 449447C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
discharge tubes
hafnium
electric discharge
hot cathode
additives
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DET27778D
Other languages
German (de)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Telefunken AG
Original Assignee
Telefunken AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Telefunken AG filed Critical Telefunken AG
Priority to DET27778D priority Critical patent/DE449447C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE449447C publication Critical patent/DE449447C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J1/00Details of electrodes, of magnetic control means, of screens, or of the mounting or spacing thereof, common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J1/02Main electrodes
    • H01J1/13Solid thermionic cathodes
    • H01J1/14Solid thermionic cathodes characterised by the material

Description

Telefunken Gesellschaft für drahtlose Telegraphie m. b. H. in Berlin. Glühkathode für elektrische Entladungsröhren. Für elektrische Entladungsröhren mit Glühkathoden, wie man sie zur Verstärkung, Schwingungserzeugung, Gleichrichtung us,4. verwendet, sind verschiedenartige Glühkathoden bekannt. Solche sind z. B. die Oxydkathoden (Wehneltkathoden), die reinen Metallkathoden (Wolfram, Tantal usw.) sowie auch hochschmelzende Metallkathoden mit hochemittierenden Zusätzen (z. B. Wo,lfrarn mit Thoriüm). Zu der letzteren Klasse gehört auch die Glühkathode der vorliegenden Erfindung. Sie besteht aus einem hochschmelzenden Draht, z. B. Wolfram, mit Zusätzen des seltenen Metalles Hafnium (Atomzahl 72) bzw. dessen Verbindungen. Es ist u. a. auch vorgeschlagen worden, zirkonhaltige Glühkathoden für Entladungsröhren zu verwenden, eine Methode, die sich aber nicht sehreingeführt hat. Wie die Erfinderin. neuerdings festgestellt hat, ist die wechselnde Güte der zirkonhaltigen Glühkathode zurückzuführen auf deren wechselnden Gehalt an Hafnium. Es geht gleichzeitig aus den neueren chemischen Untersuchungen hervor, daß die Elemente Hafnium und Zirkon stets gemeinsam vorkommen.Telefunken company for wireless telegraphy mb H. in Berlin. Hot cathode for electric discharge tubes. For electrical discharge tubes with hot cathodes, such as those used for amplification, vibration generation, rectification, etc., 4. used, various types of hot cathodes are known. Such are z. B. the oxide cathodes (Wehnelt cathodes), the pure metal cathodes (tungsten, tantalum, etc.) as well as high-melting metal cathodes with highly emissive additives (e.g. Wo, lfrarn with thorium). The hot cathode of the present invention also belongs to the latter class. It consists of a high melting point wire, e.g. B. tungsten, with additions of the rare metal hafnium (atomic number 72) or its compounds. It has also been proposed, inter alia, to use zirconium-containing hot cathodes for discharge tubes, a method which, however, has not been very well established. Like the inventor. has recently established that the changing quality of the zirconium-containing hot cathode is due to its changing content of hafnium. At the same time, it emerges from the more recent chemical investigations that the elements hafnium and zircon always occur together.

Da nun festgestellt wurde, daß es hauptsächlich nur auf das Hafnium als emittierende Substanz ankommt, werden gemäß der Erfindung hafniumhaltige Zusätze schon bei der Herstellung des Glühfadens dem Trägermaterial beigemengt und mitv erarbeitet. Je nachdem dies Hafniummaterial sich nach der Fertigstellung des Fadens in stark oxydiertem Zustande befindet, wird es vorteilhaft reduziert, und zwar mit Kohlenstoff oder Kalium, Natrium, Magnesium, Calcium und ähnlichen leicht oxydierenden Metallen, ein Verfahren, wie es an sich bei der Herstellung von toriumhaltigen Kathoden bereits bekannt geworden ist.Since it has now been determined that it is mainly due to the hafnium only As an emitting substance arrives, according to the invention, hafnium-containing additives Already added to the carrier material during the manufacture of the filament and mitv Developed. Depending on this hafnium material is after the completion of the thread is in a strongly oxidized state, it is advantageously reduced, namely with Carbon or potassium, sodium, magnesium, calcium and similar easily oxidizing Metals, a process as it is in the manufacture of torium-containing cathodes has already become known.

Es bietet gewisse Vorteile, außer dem Hafnium auch noch kleine Prozentsätze der bereits bekannten Substanzen für die Elektrönenetnission hinzuzusetzen, wie Erdalkalium, andere seltene Erden, Yttrium, Skandium, Thorium, Zirkon, Titan.It offers certain advantages, besides the hafnium also small percentages to add to the already known substances for electron emission, such as Alkaline earth, other rare earths, yttrium, scandium, thorium, zirconium, titanium.

Claims (3)

PATENTANSPRÜCHE: i. Glühkathode für elektrische Entladungsröhren, welche aus einem schwer schmelzbaren Trägermetall, z. B. Wolfram, Molybdän usw., mit die Elektronenemission begünstigenden Zusätzen besteht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei der Herstellung des Glühfadens dem Trägermetall hafniumhaltige Zusätze beigemengt und mitverarbeitet werden. PATENT CLAIMS: i. Hot cathode for electric discharge tubes, which are made of a difficult-to-melt carrier metal, e.g. B. tungsten, molybdenum, etc., with additives promoting electron emission, characterized in that that hafnium-containing additives are added to the carrier metal during the manufacture of the filament and are processed. 2. Röhre mit Glühkathode nach Anspruch i, gekennzeichnet durch weitere Zusätze zu dem Hafnium bzw. dessen Verbindungen, bestehend aus Erdalkalien, seltenen Erden, Yttrium, Skandium, Titan, Zirkon, Thorium bzw. deren Verbindungen. 2. Tube with hot cathode according to claim i, characterized through further additives to the hafnium or its compounds, consisting of alkaline earths, rare earths, yttrium, scandium, titanium, zirconium, thorium or their compounds. 3. Röhre nach Anspruch i oder 2, gekennzeichnet durch eine an sich bekannte Reduktion der Glühkathode z. B. durch Kohlenstoff oder leicht oxydable Metalle USW. 3. Tube according to claim i or 2, characterized by a known reduction of the hot cathode z. B. by carbon or easily oxidizable metals, etc.
DET27778D 1923-05-30 1923-05-31 Glow cathode for electric discharge tubes Expired DE449447C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DET27778D DE449447C (en) 1923-05-30 1923-05-31 Glow cathode for electric discharge tubes

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE216840T 1923-05-30
DET27778D DE449447C (en) 1923-05-30 1923-05-31 Glow cathode for electric discharge tubes

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE449447C true DE449447C (en) 1927-09-14

Family

ID=31947342

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DET27778D Expired DE449447C (en) 1923-05-30 1923-05-31 Glow cathode for electric discharge tubes

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE449447C (en)

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