DE447731C - Process for increasing the rubbing fastness of dyes on animal fibers - Google Patents

Description

Process for increasing the rubbing fastness of dyeings on animal fibers. It is known that certain dyes, such as diamond black F, indigo and others, do not give sufficiently rub-fast dyeings on animal fibers. This occurs especially with wool that has not been sufficiently degreased or that still contains lime soap, which is difficult to remove. With such wool, the dye cannot penetrate the fiber properly. It sticks to the surface of the fiber together with the substances mentioned and soots off when rubbed. But there are also dyeings which, produced on the best-cleaned fibers, are not sufficiently rubfast, so that other causes also play a role. Among other things, there may be impurities in the dye that do not fix themselves sufficiently and thus cause the inadequate rubbing fastness. The fastness of such dyeings has hitherto been improved by subsequently treating the dyed material in a special neutral or weakly alkaline wash bath with fulling earth, kieselguhr and similar substances and then rinsing it .

It has now been found that in many cases it is frictional to achieve Dyeing is of great advantage, the dyeing and the post-treatment mentioned in to unite one operation. In this sense, the dyeing process is used here according to the invention carried out in the presence of fulling earth, kieselguhr, clay, kaolin and other substances, which the fat adhering to the fiber, other disturbing, from the fiber or the Dye-derived impurities and, for some reason, insufficient able to render fixed parts of the dye harmless. The substances mentioned can be added to the dye bath at any stage of the dyeing process.

It was unforeseeable that this simplification of the treatment does not affect the actual dyeing process. Through this new way of working a significant saving in time and labor is achieved once. The result is also often a better one than with the previous subsequent treatment with those substances. The dyeings achieved are rub and millfast and do not matter. It can not have white or light-tipped, pricked, d. H. mottled colorations arise. A great advantage of the procedure is that it is shortened Treatment, the fiber is better spared and thus a shinier, more beautiful Appearance.

Since the additives used, such as. B. Fuller's earth, always components that consume acid (CaCO3, etc.), their addition to the dye bath would neutralize the small amount of acid in the same, which is necessary for the dyeing process and thus disrupt the normal staining process. That means that the fulling earth beforehand must be treated with acid. But it is also possible, the unleavened fulling earth to admit and to measure the amount of acid to be added so (leave it to both of those amounts which is consumed by the fulling earth, as well as that for the dyeing process necessary corresponds.

Certain components of fulling earth can in many cases be normal To disrupt the staining process. Among other things, it contains iron compounds, which are converted into soluble ferric compounds in acid dye tape, which in turn can have harmful oxidative effects.

It is of course easy to control such substances in their harmful ones To switch off the effect. The iron compounds mentioned are for example by Addition of a little sodium phosphate to fulling earth made harmless.

The dyes that are advantageously colored by this process can, are z. B. DiamantschwarzF, acidic dyes, also especially the ester salts from. Vat dyes as obtained according to patent 424981 and which one according to the method of patent 43 1 50 i from acid bath on the animal fiber let it grow and develop afterwards.

The present method is applicable to any type of animal Fiber. In addition to ordinary wool, raw, uncleaned wool, tanner wool, Cow hair, etc. can be dyed with good results.

The method is illustrated by the following examples: Example i. Dyeing with Indigosol 0 (Estersa.lz from Leuko-Indigo) on wool.

Preparation of the dyebath: 1 percent hydrosulfite NF, 10 percent indigosol 0 ,: 2og fulling earth per liter of water (the fulling earth is neutralized with sulfuric or hydrochloric acid before or in the dyebath), 4 percent acetic acid, 4 percent formic acid. One goes with the goods at 30 'C., drives slowly to the boil and cook "/ hour; then puts you 2 percent sulfuric acid and cooks% hour Thereafter it should be rinsed with cold water and short in a fresh," as possible. "cold bath oxidized with the addition of sulfuric acid io percent and 2 percent or nitrite during Chromkali 1- / until% hours at the temperature of about:. 2o 'C.

A dyeing produced in this way is very resistant to rubbing. Example 2.

Dyeing with DiamantschwarzF on woolen fabric.

7 percent D iamantschwarz F (S chu 1 tz dye tables, 5th ed. Reference:. 275), 2.0 9 fuller's earth per liter of water (the fuller's earth is neutralized prior to or in the dye bath with sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid), 5 percent acetic acid 40Pro -z.

You go into the dyebath at 30 ° C, slowly boil and boil for 1/1 hour, then add 2 percent sulfuric acid, then cook for 1/1 hour and then develop the shade with further addition of 2 percent potassium chromium -in- about% hours with a low boil.

The -Diainant black dye produced in this way is also good rub-fast.

Claims (1)

PATENT CLAIM: Process for increasing the rubbing fastness of dyeings on animal fibers using fulling earth, kieselguhr -ti. like, consisting of that you can use fulling earth, kieselguhr, clay, kaolin and other substances that are produced by the fiber or the dye-originating, friction-causing impurities and be able to render admixtures harmless, if necessary according to the preceding Treatment with acid, as additives add directly to the acid dye bath.