DE4419605A1 - Lever or disc controlled trim mechanism for hand=gliders - Google Patents

Abstract

The mechanism has line groups (A) and (C) attached to a large disc (12) and group (B) is attached to a small disc (12b). A quarter turn to the right leads to the low speed state by altering the effective line lengths and thus the angle of attack. Turning the discs to the left trims the hand=glider in the high speed condition. The disc an be locked in a chosen position and has stops to prevent it rotating too far. A lever mechanism can replace the disc to achieve a similar result. By adding further line groups, the profile of the hand=glider itself could also be altered in addition to its angle of attack.

Description

The invention relates to a paraglider with a Trimming device with the help of the trim of the Paraglider can be changed to, for example, the To increase the basic speed of the paraglider or that to improve minimal paraglider sinking.

There are paragliders with trimmers known which certain groups of lines are shortened to Change the angle of the paraglider.

The paraglider's cap comes with a variety of Lines attached to the pilot, with those on the canopy attacking lines are often connected below the cap to the number of so-called main lines, which for Guide the pilot's harness to keep one low to achieve the lowest possible air resistance.

A paraglider usually has three or four Main line groups leading to the harness riser. The first line group seen from the profile nose is referred to as A-line group, the next as B- Line group and others with C and D line group. The actual control lines that are on the leech of the Paraglider caps are hinged, are direct and dependent led from the other lines to the pilot.

With today's trim or so-called speed systems the front lines are via a pulley pulled down, for example the A-lines stronger than the B-lines are pulled down. In this way both the setting angle and the setting angle of the Change profiles.

The object of the present invention is a Paraglider with a new trimming device  create that allows the basic speed of the Paraglider and sink rate effectively easy way to change.

The object is achieved by the features of claims 1 and 13 solved.

According to claim 1, the object is achieved in that at least two line groups with a rotating disc are connected, the front line group z. B. right the center of rotation of the disc is articulated and the rear Line group to the left of the turning center. Now the disc Turned to the left, the front line group is shortened and extended the rear line group.

However, medium linen groups can also be used with the Washer connected, which leads to twisting not only the angle of the profile can be changed, but also the profile itself.

The way this variant works is very clear clear by studying the embodiment. To one To achieve differentiation of the adjustment paths Line groups on different diameters of the disc be articulated so that when the disc rotates a certain angle different adjustment paths surrender.

But it can also only be the front or rear two if necessary, three groups of lines connected to the sheave and another line group can be attached to a fixed point.

The sub-claims 3 to 10 describe advantageous Developments of this disc version.

The further subclaims describe advantageous ones Further training that will be briefly discussed below.

Even if the front line group is essential has a stronger line pull than the rear line group, the trimmer can be kept in balance,  by creating a corresponding friction on the disc that is at least the difference of the linen pull corresponding friction force generated.

The disc can with different forces or better said at different generated by these forces Torques also by means of a leg extension in the corresponding position.

However, it can also be done by means of the resilience elastic element to create a balance. Here can the elastic element at a fixed point or at a be attached to another line. In any case Spring force simply to support the movement of the Insert the washer.

The lines do not have to go directly to the disc be connected. This can also be done via a on the disc provided deflecting means take place, the end of the affected line group at a fixed point can, e.g. B. on the riser of a medium line group, so that due to the pulley effect a lower or Translation results.

However, two connected means can also be used with this deflection means rear line groups run so that the disc over this deflecting agent acts on two rear groups of lines. To differentiate the shortened or lengthened Line lengths can of course be used in the pulley system known manner can be used.

To defined positions when turning the disc can achieve this with elevations such as knobs or ribs be provided, which take over the function of locking lugs, over which the disc only with increased effort from Pilots can be moved. That way you can for example the positions for best gliding and minimum sink rate can be set.  

It is also possible to mark the disc too provided, for example, show these positions.

The disc can be provided with end stops that the Limit the maximum possible adjustment range. Advantageous these can be adjustable so that the pilot for example, the maximum in very turbulent conditions possible trimming can limit to a larger one Get distance to the border areas of the paraglider. A setting can also depend on the starting weight respectively.

By means of a releasable movement lock for the pane can be achieved that under all circumstances without Pilot action can only move in one direction. In this way, for example, only an automatic one Movement to the slow flight position will be allowed has a high setting angle. That way it absolutely ruled out that a frontal collapse of the paraglider for automatic trimming of the In the high-speed flight position with little Lead angle leads.

The panes of both sides of the screen can be connected, so that these can only be moved together synchronously. The However, disks can also be moved independently of one another be so that the pilot is able to different trim of the two paraglider sides To fly curves with little sink.

The disc can be operated using a leg extension be, with the leg extension two separate Actuators for realizing the opposite Can have rotational movements.

According to claim 13 is at least one front line group connected to a first lever part of an angle lever and at least one rear line group with a second Lever part of the angle lever connected. Whereby the front line group not around the front and at the  rear line group not around the rear line group the paraglider must act. Both lever lever parts are pivotable, so that the with these shorten or lengthen connected line groups. If several line groups are articulated on a lever part, so the achievable adjustment paths can easily be differentiated are divided into different lines Articulated distance from the fulcrum of the lever lever part become.

The middle or middle line groups, which are not can be adjusted at any Fixed point to be articulated. Have both lever parts A common pivot point can be the middle one at this Line group to be articulated.

However, the middle line groups from Pivot point are hinged at a distance to this as well to adjust.

In a preferred embodiment, the angle lever executed so that a lever part of the bell crank other lever part does not pivot in one direction of rotation however in the other direction. To the one from it resulting benefits is based on the figure description of the second embodiment.

The two lever parts can be locked can be locked together to form a fixed lever. The Locking can be done by hand or using a leg extension be solvable. When locked, the lever can be moved by one Pivot point can be pivoted to the setting angle of the Change paraglider.

A locking of the lever parts or an attachment of the two Lever parts can be in a position in which the both lever parts angled or aligned in line are.  

Instead of directly linking the line groups to one Lever part, deflection means can be attached to the lever parts over which the line groups are diverted. The The line group is then linked to the other Lever part, a fixed point or on another line or linen group. This creates a pulley effect achieved, which leads to a force or path division. On that is in connection with the third embodiment discussed in more detail.

With a paraglider with three line groups, the front A-lines on the first lever part of the angle lever arranged and the C-lines on the second lever part, being both lever parts in the middle over a common one Have pivot point and the B-lines at this pivot point be articulated, it is possible by a straight Alignment of the two lever parts in line and swivel this line-like alignment just that To change the angle of attack of the paraglider bend the lever parts of the bell crank, however also possible to adjust the profile of the paraglider change, for example if both are bent Lever parts are shortened down A and C lines and the B lines keep their length.

Basically, an operation of the lever parts of the Angle lever by hand or using a leg extension possible. With separate actuators such as for example two foot straps a separate one Allow pivoting of the lever parts against the line pull can. An extremely advantageous kinematics for simple Actuation of the angle lever is detailed in the Description of the figures for the second embodiment described.

To swivel the lever parts against the line pull can facilitate this by means of an elastic element be biased so that the spring force pulls the line at least partially compensated.  

The one in the previous pane construction presented features of advantageous developments of Basic idea regarding the locking device of the Trimming device, the limitation of the adjustment movement and The same can be done in a corresponding manner in this Version can be realized. This also applies to the Subclaims 14 to 27 referenced.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with the aid of various Exemplary embodiments explained.

Fig. 1a shows a first embodiment in a first position.

FIG. 1b shows the first embodiment in a second position.

Fig. 1c shows the first embodiment in a third position

Fig. 2a shows a second embodiment in a first position.

FIG. 2b shows the second embodiment in a second position.

Fig. 2c shows the second embodiment in a third position.

Fig. 3a shows a third embodiment in a position corresponding to the position of Fig. 2b.

Fig. 3b shows the third embodiment in a position corresponding to the position of Fig. 2c.

Fig. 3c shows a modification of the third embodiment.

Figs. 1a to 1c describe the first embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, the lines are connected to a rotatable disc 12 . The disc of this embodiment has a shoulder and two different diameters 12 a and 12 b. On the circumference of the lever part with the smaller diameter 12 b, the A and B lines are articulated. At the circumference of the larger diameter 12 a the C lines. The normal flight position is shown in FIG. 1a. From this position, the disk 12 is rotated a quarter turn to the right into the position shown in FIG. 1b. As can be seen, the articulation point of the A-lines moves from the 12 o'clock position to the 3 o'clock position; the A-lines are shortened accordingly a quarter circumference of the smaller diameter 12 b. The B-line linkage has been moved from the 9 o'clock position to the 12 o'clock position; the B-lines were extended accordingly. The C-lines were brought from the 6 o'clock position to the 9 o'clock position and shortened accordingly by a quarter circumference of the large diameter 12 a. In this position the paraglider is in slow flight trim.

By turning the disc to the left you get to the position shown in FIG. 1c, which represents the fast flight trim. As can easily be seen from the drawing, the A and B lines are shortened and the C lines extended in this position compared to the normal flight trim according to illustration 1a.

The illustrated embodiment has been made deliberately simple chosen to make the operation of the invention possible easy to explain. In most cases, it should however, be advantageous to have one disc with several Diameters to use for each line group assign your own diameter to adjust the adjustment paths to be able to dimension optimally.

In the second embodiment according to FIGS. 2a to 2c, a lever system for trimming the paraglider is used. Fig. 2a shows the normal flight trim.

The angle lever 22 shown has a first pivotable about the rotary axis 26 lever member 22 a and a second verschenkbares about this axis lever member 22 b. The A-lines 24 are articulated in the outer region of the first lever part 22 a and the C lines 25 are correspondingly in the outer region of the second lever part 22 b. The B-lines 23 are hinged to the pivot point 26 and are therefore not shortened or lengthened when the first or second lever part 22 a, 22 b is pivoted.

The first lever part 22 a has a shoulder 27 on which the second lever part 22 b rests when both lever parts 22 a, 22 b are aligned in line. As a result, it is impossible for the two lever parts 22 a, 22 b to be angled toward one another upwards.

The pivot point 26 is connected to the shoulder strap 21 of the harness (not shown). In order to facilitate pivoting of the first lever part 22 a downwards against the pull of the A-lines, a tension spring 23 can be tensioned between the first lever part 22 a and the carrying strap 21 , which is tensioned in the position shown in FIG. 2a.

Furthermore, a first connecting line 30 leads from the first lever part 22 a via a deflection roller 32 to the actuating element of the leg extension, not shown. A rubber element is interposed between the first connecting line 30 and the first lever part 22 a. The second lever part 22 b is also connected to the actuating element of the leg extension via a second connecting line 33 . In the situation shown, however, this has some play.

In order to bring the system into the position according to FIG. 2b, which shows the fast flight trim, the leg extension is actuated and both connecting lines 31 , 33 are pulled. As a result, the second connecting line 33 loses some play and the first connecting line 31 pivots the first lever part 22 a downward. The rubber element 31 is designed so strong that it is not tensioned during this process and remains in the relaxed position. The pivoting of the first lever part 22 a, as noted, is facilitated by the tension spring 28 , which is present in the contracted state in the position according to FIG. 2 b.

Since the second connecting line 33 has play, the second lever part 22 b can pivot to the left with the first lever part 22 a, so that the position shown in FIG. 2 b is reached. In this position, the A-lines 24 are shortened and the C-lines 25 are extended compared to the position shown in FIG. 2a, while the B-lines 23 maintain their lengths.

The position according to FIG. 2c represents the slow flight position. To get into this position, the leg extension is fully depressed and both connecting lines 30 , 33 are pulled further. However, although the first lever part 22 a has already reached its end position in the position shown in FIG. 2 b, a further actuation of the leg extension is possible due to the rubber element 31 . The rubber element 31 is thus tensioned and the second lever part is pivoted downward by means of the second connecting line 33 .

If the leg extension is released, the lever parts 22 a, 22 b are brought back into the normal flight trim according to FIG. 2a due to the tensile force of the lines via the position according to FIG. 2b. The trimming device thus resets itself without the pilot having to do anything.

The third embodiment has very large ones Similarities with the second embodiment, so that is essentially due to the differences between these Embodiments is discussed. The actuation of the Lever system according to the third embodiment can likewise take place in the second embodiment. On a repeated representation of the entire actuation system with the connecting lines and springs etc. was therefore waived.  

Fig. 3a shows a position which, as can be easily seen, corresponds to the position according to Fig. 2b. In this position, the lever parts 32 a and 32 b are aligned in a line and pivoted relative to the horizontal around the pivot point 36 in order to enable a fast flight. In contrast to the second exemplary embodiment, the lever parts 32 a and 32 b are latched by means of a latch 41 and can only be pivoted together in the latched state. For latching, the lever part 32 b is provided with a nose 41 a, which latches in a recess 41 b of the lever part 32 a.

In contrast to the second exemplary embodiment, the lines are not firmly articulated to the lever parts 32 a, 32 b, but rather the lever parts 32 a, 32 b are provided with deflection rollers 38 , 39 . The A Cap 34 which run over a B-roll 37 to the C Cap 35 which are deflected b via a rear deflection roller 39 on the second lever member 32 pass over the front deflecting roller 38th The B-lines 33 are articulated on the B-roll 37 . Furthermore, the lever part 32 b has two fastening points 40 a and 40 b in the front area, which can also coincide, to which the deflected A-line and the line piece leading to the B-roll 37 are fastened.

In the locked position, the lever system can be pivoted about the pivot point, for example in order to bring it into a horizontal position according to FIG. 2a.

After releasing the latching, for example by loading both lever parts 32 a, 32 b downwards by means of a leg extension, the lever system can be brought into the position according to FIG. 3b. In order to make the change in line lengths clearer by this pivoting, 35 imaginary marks 34 a and 35 a are shown on the A-lines 34 and C-lines.

By pivoting the right lever part 32 b in the position shown, the attachment points 40 a and 40 b are brought up. This shortens the A-lines, which can be easily recognized by the mark 34 a, and the B-roll 37 is released somewhat upwards.

By the downward swing of the right holding portion 32 b and the guide roller 39 is moved downward, as well shortens a to see the mark 35 whereby the C-Cap 35th

The A- 34 and C-lines 35 are thus shortened and the B-lines 33 extended. The paraglider is thus brought into the slow flight position.

Fig. 3c describes a modification of the previous embodiment, which differs from this in that instead of the attachment point 40 b, a deflection roller 42 is provided, via which the B-lines 33 are deflected and articulated on the shoulder strap 43 at a B-attachment point 33 b . The C-lines 35 are articulated accordingly at a C-fastening point 35 b on the riser 43 .

At the transition to a position of FIG. 3a are also the A-lines 34 and C-35 and the extended Cap B Cap shortened 33rd Whereby the line paths experience corresponding translations due to the deflections.

This modification is essentially intended to show the possibilities that are made possible by using the pulley principle. In this way, the adjustment paths and the forces that are exerted on the lever parts 32 a, 32 b can be varied. The pulley principle can only be used with one or two line groups. For example, the C lines 35 and / or the B lines can be articulated directly on the lever part 32 b.

The foregoing embodiments have been related to Paragliders with three line groups A, B, C described. However, the invention is also applicable to four paragliders Line groups applicable. This is easy with the first Embodiment an additional line articulation on the If necessary, provide the washer with a special radius. At  the second and third embodiments is the fourth Line group at a suitable distance from the pivot point to deflect or redirect. Interaction with others Linen groups are the same as those described Leash groups possible.

Claims (37)

1. Paraglider with several line groups leading to the pilot's harness, the lines of a group being combined, characterized in that at least two line groups ( 13 , 14 , 15 ) are connected to a rotatable disc ( 12 ), the line groups ( 13 , 14 , 15 ) are connected to different areas of the disc ( 12 ) on the right and left of the center of rotation ( 16 ) of the disc ( 12 ) so that when the disc ( 12 ) rotates in one direction the front lines ( 14 ) and the rear lines are shortened Lines ( 15 ) can be extended and vice versa. 2. Paraglider according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one central line group ( 13 ) is connected to the disc ( 12 ). 3. Paraglider according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the disc ( 12 ) has different diameters ( 12 a, 12 b) and at least part of the at least one line groups ( 13 , 14 ) on the smaller diameter ( 12 b) and at least a part of the at least other line groups ( 15 ) is articulated on the larger diameter ( 12 a). 4. Paraglider according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by a locking device by means of which the disc ( 12 ) can be locked in certain positions. 5. Paraglider according to claim 4, characterized in that the locking device can be locked in certain positions is. 6. Paraglider according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the rotatability of the disc ( 12 ) can be limited by end stops. 7. Paraglider according to claim 6, characterized in that the end stops are adjustable. 8. Paraglider according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the disc ( 12 ) is provided with markings. 9. Paraglider according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by a friction device which generates a certain friction in order to make rotation of the disc ( 12 ) more difficult. 10. Paraglider according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by a releasable turnstile which allows rotation of the disc ( 12 ) only in one direction. 11. Paraglider according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the disc ( 12 ) can be rotated by the pilot by means of a leg extension. 12. Paraglider according to claim 11, characterized in that the disc ( 12 ) can be rotated in one direction by means of a first actuating element and in the other direction by means of a second actuating element. 13. Paraglider with several leading to the pilot's harness line groups, the lines of a group are combined characterized in that at least one front line group ( 24 , 34 ) with a first pivotable lever part ( 22 a, 32 a) of an angle lever ( 22 , 32 ) and a rear line group ( 25 , 35 ) with a second pivotable lever part ( 22 b, 32 b) of an angle lever ( 22 , 32 ) and the angle lever ( 22 , 32 ) is connected to the pilot's harness. 14. Paraglider according to claim 13, characterized in that at least one central line group ( 23 , 33 ) is articulated at a fixed point connected to the pilot's harness. 15. Paraglider according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the pivotable lever parts ( 22 a, 22 b, 32 a, 32 b) of the angle lever ( 22 , 32 ) can be brought into a line, these being a largely horizontal position or one for Can take horizontal inclined position. 16. Paraglider according to one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that the lever parts ( 22 a, 22 b, 32 a, 32 b) of the angle lever ( 22 , 32 ) can assume a position in which they are at a certain angle to each other stand. 17. Paraglider according to one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that the two lever parts ( 22 a, 22 b, 32 a, 32 b) of the angle lever ( 22 , 32 ) are pivotable about a common pivot point ( 26 , 36 ). 18. Paraglider according to one of claims 13 to 17, characterized in that the second lever part ( 22 b, 32 b) when pivoting in a first direction also pivots the first lever part ( 22 a, 32 a). 19. Paraglider according to claim 18, characterized in that the second lever part ( 22 b, 32 b) when pivoting in a second direction does not pivot the first lever part ( 22 a, 32 a). 20. Paraglider according to one of claims 13 to 19, characterized in that at least one lever part ( 22 a, 22 b, 32 a, 32 b) with an elastic element ( 28 , 31 ) is connected, with the spring force of the pivoting of the lever part ( 22 a, 22 b, 32 a, 32 b) is supported. 21. Paraglider according to one of claims 13 to 20, characterized by a locking device by means of which at least one lever part ( 22 a, 22 b, 32 a, 32 b) can be locked in a certain position. 22. Paraglider according to claim 21, characterized in that the locking device can be locked in certain positions is. 23. Paraglider according to one of claims 13 to 22, characterized in that the pivotability of at least one lever part ( 22 a, 22 b, 32 a, 32 b) can be limited by end stops. 24. Paraglider according to claim 23, characterized in that the end stops are adjustable. 25. Paraglider according to one of claims 13 to 24, characterized in that at least one lever part ( 22 a, 22 b, 32 a, 32 b) of the angle lever ( 22 , 32 ) is provided with markings. 26. Paraglider according to one of claims 13 to 25, characterized by a friction device which generates a certain friction in order to make it difficult to pivot at least one lever part ( 22 a, 22 b, 32 a, 32 b) of the angle lever ( 22 , 32 ) . 27. Paraglider according to one of claims 13 to 26, characterized by a releasable turnstile which allows pivoting of at least one lever part ( 22 a, 22 b, 32 a, 32 b) of the angle lever ( 22 , 32 ) only in one direction. 28. Paraglider according to one of claims 13 to 28, characterized in that at least one central line group ( 23 , 33 ) at the common pivot point ( 26 , 36 ) of the lever parts ( 22 a, 22 b, 32 a, 32 b) of the angle lever ( 22 , 32 ) is articulated. 29. Paraglider according to one of claims 13 to 28, characterized in that on a lever part ( 22 a, 22 b, 32 a, 32 b) at different distances from the pivot point ( 26 , 36 ) of the lever part ( 22 a, 22 b, 32 a, 32 b) different line groups ( 33 , 35 ) are articulated. 30. Paraglider according to one of claims 13 to 29, characterized in that the lever parts ( 22 a, 22 b, 32 a, 32 b) of the angle lever ( 22 , 32 ) can be pivoted by the pilot by means of a leg extension. 31. Paraglider according to claim 30, characterized in that the first lever part ( 22 a, 32 a) via a first connecting line ( 30 ) and an intermediate elastic element ( 31 ) is connected to the actuating element of the leg extension. 32. Paraglider according to one of claims 30 or 31, characterized in that the second lever part ( 22 b, 32 b) is connected to the actuating element of the leg extension via a second connecting line ( 33 ). 33. Paraglider according to claim 32, characterized in that when both lever parts ( 22 a, 22 b, 32 a, 32 b) are in line in a substantially horizontal position, when the leg stretcher is actuated, the first connecting line ( 30 ) comes to a head during the second connecting line ( 33 ) still has play. 34. Paraglider according to claim 33, characterized in that when the first lever part ( 22 a, 32 a) has reached its end position by actuating the leg extension, the intermediate elastic element ( 28 ) is tensioned upon further actuation of the leg extension and the second lever part ( 22 b, 32 b) is pivoted further. 35. Paraglider according to one of claims 13 to 34, characterized in that the lever parts ( 22 a, 22 b, 32 a, 32 b) can be locked together by means of a releasable locking means ( 40 )
36. Paraglider according to claim 35, characterized in that the latching can be released by the pilot by means of a hand release device or a leg extension. 37. Paraglider according to one of claims 13 to 36, characterized in that at least part of the lines is guided over a deflection element ( 38 , 39 ) fastened to at least one lever part ( 22 a, 22 b, 32 a, 32 b). 38. Paraglider according to claim 37, characterized in that the lines guided over the deflection element ( 38 , 39 ) are attached to the other lever part or to a fixed point or another line or line group.