DE4345148A1 - Vessel, using which electrical current can be drawn primarily from biological substances - Google Patents

Abstract

With the aid of the vessel, it is intended to employ biological substances for obtaining current, in order to reduce materials which pollute (load) the environment, and battery waste. The electrodes of the vessel, which are in the form of coils or grid surfaces, can be fitted into each other, combined to form lattices and fitted into sponges in which there may also be granules. The vessel may be coated with a piezoelectric material, as may the electrodes in part. When using the vessel as a plant container, current may be obtained from the change in weight of the vessel, the incident radiation or the pressure of the plants. Electricity is intended to be stored in the plant container substantially by means of a dried culture medium between two metal plates. A higher drawn current is intended to be obtained by a special plant granulate, consisting of cellulose fibres, coal and metal powder or a plant activation by pulsed magnetic fields or by moving the electrolyte contained in the vessel, using microorganisms or a rotor in conjunction with wind or air flow, the vessel or a rotor which moves the electrolyte or rotates around the vessel being coated with magnets, or by the action of light when using a ferromagnetic electrolyte. The vessel can be used for obtaining current from biological waste products, from plant containers and for obtaining a biogas, as rechargeable battery and ... Original abstract incomplete.

Description

The vessel described below is intended to give its user the opportunity give from biological material (biomass), e.g. B. from daily accumulations To receive electrical waste in the household, garden, etc. The aim of the vessel is to ensure that biological substances, which are generally low-ion electrolytes used to generate electricity and thus electrical energy from these natural substances for charging accumulators, for operating machines, etc. thereby relieving the burden on the environment by reducing polluting substances, such as occur during the manufacture or disposal of batteries, and a reduction in the amount of waste generated by unusable Batteries should be reached.

The task of the vessel is therefore to make a high one from a low-ion electrolyte generate electrical power and in its manufacture, use and disposal to be completely environmentally friendly. At the same time, the vessel is intended for its user be practically manageable and wherever biological substances occur or it is possible to use environmentally friendly, i.e. H. natural energies arising from the Biomass obtained electrical energy to be applicable, which increases result in different designs of the vessel.

The general structure of the vessel consists of any open top Hollow body and a liquid-permeable, open to the top used in this Hollow body in the form that the open areas face upwards and the distance between the inner surface of the first hollow body and the outer surface of the second used hollow body does not fall below or exceed the size of a few centimeters. Both hollow bodies can be connected to form a vessel. The electrodes are either applied in the form of a spiral, running in height along the Inner surface of the first hollow body as an electrode, the distance between the Spiral-forming surfaces can be a few centimeters along the outer surface of the second hollow body used as the second electrode (glue, press in, spread as far as possible, e.g. B. silver, zinc or electrolytically, e.g. B. gold, after making the lower surface conductive, e.g. B. with graphite or in the form of a grid (vertical or horizontal) on the inside of the first hollow body as an electrode, on the outer surface of the second hollow body used as the second electrode, wherein the distance between the grid surfaces can be a few centimeters and all Grid surfaces of an electrode end at a point, plotted.  

The material of the hollow body is arbitrary, mainly plastic, clay or Ceramics; in the case of an electrically conductive material such. B. metal, are the Electrodes applied insulated from this. The electrode materials can be any be chosen, e.g. B. also films in a suitable composition; but mainly because of due to the low material requirement, also precious metals such as silver, gold, platinum or materials for high voltage generation such as zinc-carbon, zinc-manganese dioxide etc.

In the following, a special embodiment of the vessel is to be presented, with particular emphasis on simple construction and easy handling of the vessel is placed so that the user of the vessel should be given the opportunity to use one small amount of dissolved biomass to obtain the largest possible electrical current. Are several spirals or grid surfaces each representing an electrode in detail from a metal wire that is shaped into a spiral or into a lattice structure is processed, or formed from coal and next to each other at a short distance interconnected, this creates a network, which one Represents electrode. Two from z. B. different metals existing electrode braids can be placed in a vessel made of any hollow body open at the top, in which a liquid-permeable (porous) partition from an electrical semiconducting material is located, so that the interior of the hollow body in two parts (Chambers) is subdivided, each electrode mesh being the chamber, in which it is used. When using two electrode braids, consisting of zinc and copper, a metal mesh made of copper, the represents a positive electrode, can also be made of precious metal without a decrease in the voltage compared to a zinc electrode occurs and thus a positive electrode can be obtained inexpensively, especially with regard to larger dimensions of a positive electrode. Since an electrode Braid can also be made from coal, it is possible in addition to an inexpensive one Production of a positive electrode from the two chambers of a hollow body, which represent a battery cell to take a voltage that is 1 volt exceeds. Due to the special shape of the mesh representing an electrode a large area of the electrode is given without the dimensions of the electrode must be large. So z. B. such an electrode is formed with a thin wire, can be produced in a very small space. Through the grid or spiral structure deformation of the electrode prevented when pressure occurs, so that the gaps of the braid are preserved. The material of the hollow body is electrical non-conductive; when using plastic only such should be used that can either be reused or disposed of in an environmentally friendly way.

Each chamber of the hollow body has a metal connection from the outside for an electrical cable. The metal contact of the connection leads through the Wall of the hollow body and ends at a point on the inner surface of the chamber.  

The biomass from which electrical power is to be obtained is put into the Electrodes forming meshes filled, the biomass can be both liquid and also be viscous. Because of the large area of the electrodes, you can make them yourself receive a relatively high electrical current from a very low-ion biomass be, e.g. B. also from tap water.

If several vessels are connected in series, electrical machines can directly driven or accumulators are charged. The manufacturing cost of each Vessels are small and since the housing of the vessels and the positive electrode in the Generally, the cost of electricity generation is maintained over a long period of time from biomass low.

The vessel described helps to avoid waste and to use natural Energies at; in particular, it is intended to reduce environmentally harmful energies contribute. The generation of electricity from biomass turns out for the user of the described Simply show the vessel: The vessel and the electrodes can be washed with water be rinsed out, which means that the electrodes are free of foreign bodies and without great effort are always ready for use again without deformation. The user of the vessel only needs a negative electrode after long use of the tube Spare part. The biomass from which electrical power can no longer be obtained can composted or sent to a biological waste bin. Through the dissolution The negative electrode does not cause environmental pollution because the electrode material is chosen accordingly. Especially if the negative electrode is made of iron exists, the biomass no longer used for electricity generation receives one further function as a natural fertilizer. A reduction in tension through Iron electrodes versus zinc electrodes can be connected in series by several Vessels are fixed. By attaching an electronic circuit for DC voltage conversion, which can be on the vessel and which last for a long time remains, any desired tension can be obtained from just one vessel, whereby the electrical energy required for the transformation is low. The entire vessel can be closed with a lid that has a snap lock whose help can release existing pressure before opening the vessel.

The inner surfaces of the chambers can be covered with a piezoelectric material located between two metal contact surfaces to be coated, the partition the chambers must remain permeable to liquids. The on the metal surfaces of the Piezoelectric coating detachable alternating current can act as its own power source used or electrically rectified and regulated, the removable from the vessel Direct current can be supplied.  

A gas can be extracted from a chamber of the vessel by a tube penetrating the lid of the vessel, which is in a storage container ends, take place. Due to the size of the electrode surfaces there is an intense Gas formation takes place when current is drawn from the vessel, so that the vessel is also used for Gas production from biomass can be used. When using water or biomass dissolved in water can be used for water decomposition and thus for Gas production required energy from the water or the biomass itself be preserved; there is therefore no need for any additional electrolysis of the water electrical energy are used, in particular none that are caused by environmentally harmful Process or substances are created. The lid of the jar can be on his Have two electrodes on the inner surface, which are very thin and z. B. made of platinum and a platinum compound or a precious metal, e.g. B. silver, can exist optionally the electrodes can be made of metal powder in the form that when the vessel is closed, one electrode of the lid on the top The end of a chamber of the vessel and the two electrodes of the lid be separated from each other by the partition of the vessel.

The electrodes of the vessel lid can be attached in such a way that they can be moved after all Sides are surrounded by a porous partition. By the on the electrode braids Intensive gas development occurs at the electrodes of the Vessel lid an additional source of energy, and the resulting hydrogen be returned to water with the help of oxygen and the platinum electrode. If the size of the vessel is fixed, a porous partition can be placed in the middle part of the vessel is separated on all sides, the part of the Vessel, which comprises the separated part, be chosen to be substantially larger, without the distances between the inner surfaces of the porous partition walls and the Internal surfaces of the vessel walls become too large. This gives you the opportunity prefer to use certain electrode materials, such as particularly environmentally friendly ones or easily disposable or reusable, with the resulting from these Materials manufactured electrode braids in the middle part of the vessel enclosing part can be used. On the other hand, e.g. B. expensive Manufactured electrodes, such as those made of precious metal, in the middle of the Vessel lying, much smaller part can be used.

The braid forming an electrode can be inserted into the interior of a sponge be, the material of the sponge can be electrically semiconductive, for example made of electrically conductive foam. Electrically non-conductive plastic sponges are unsuitable because they hinder the flow of electricity in the dissolved biomass. In particular, the sponges used should be made of a natural material, such as pulp.  

Such sponges can be made from continuously renewable raw materials as well as being composted, in addition the current flow in the dissolved biomass not affected. In addition to a mesh as an electrode, the sponge can also Contain granules in its interior, which then represents the electrode material, e.g. B. coal or activated carbon granules, the sponge being produced in this way can that these granules may be interchangeable several times before the entire sponge is renewed. If a granulate made of metal is used, it can the individual granules must be pierced in several places, the holes can be the size of capillaries.

By inserting the granules into the interior of the sponge, the shape is formed Use of granules as an electrode especially for the user of the vessel simple, because the granules are made into a single, easy-to-use by the sponge Has become part and with washing out the sponge also the granules in easier Way is reusable. Has a sponge containing an electrode on its surface is a contact point made of metal that leads into the interior of the sponge and makes contact with the electrode material. The sponges only need to be inserted into the vessel so that one contact point each of the vessel and the contact point on the surface of a sponge lie, the sponges inserted into the vessel filling the interior of the vessel.

This results in a very simple construction of the vessel; this does not need porous To have a partition, as well as a very easy handling: After inserting the Sponges in the vessel, the dissolved biomass is filled into the sponges. At the Refilling the container can compost the used biomass or household waste are fed, the vessel and the sponges can be rinsed with water sponges containing a negative electrode are used for a long time can be replaced before they are replaced as a spare part of the vessel.

The sponges inserted into the vessel, which together make up the interior of the vessel fill, can be of different sizes, the sponges not next to each other, but can also be plugged into each other and the contact points of the vessel are located at the bottom thereof, which makes combinations of different large electrode areas for generating the same electrical current in simple Are possible and therefore an electrode-containing sponges with a certain electrode material can preferably be used.

Contains a sponge of iron granules or one made of thin iron wire Braid as an electrode, so the sponge can when it is no longer used to generate electricity is used, composted with the remaining electrode material or as a fertilizer can be used for plants or as soil for plants, such as Insertion of seeds, with a rapid germination and growth of the plants when the sponge is kept moist can be achieved without an additional one Culture medium must be used.  

Dissolved biomass, which is no longer used to generate electricity, can composted or used as a fertilizer for plants, such as an admixture to the irrigation water, especially when the dissolved biomass iron powder has been added for higher electricity generation.

The sponges containing an electrode may be one of those inside containing the electrode leading to the outside shaft, which made of the material of the sponge, possibly reinforced, formed and provided with a sieve or can be connected to a pipe to extract the sponges for gas Water or dissolved biomass or for use in a vessel that contains additional Electrodes are provided for the generation of energy from the resulting gases to be used when operating the vessel, as this is on the electrode inside a Sponge gas can reach the shaft even at low pressure.

The described vessel for generating electricity from biomass can also be used in very small quantities Dimensions are made. This is said to lead to making a vessel in the standardized size of commercially available batteries. The vessel is intended by its user can be refilled with a suitable electrolyte. This electrolyte should be environmentally friendly and completely harmless to its users. The Battery housing should be preserved for a long time. With the help of the refillable battery environmental relief should be achieved, d. H. it is said to be part of the used Replace batteries. This is to avoid garbage, including hazardous waste, as well environmentally harmful substances that arise when disposing of commercially available batteries; this also applies to the recycling of the battery housing, for which also Energy must be used. The housing of the refillable battery is made Made of an electrically non-conductive material that is disposed of in an environmentally friendly manner can, e.g. B. from a plastic that is recyclable or burned non-toxic can be and has z. B. the standardized size of the mono battery type. The battery case can have a screw-on lid with snap lock to existing ones Allow pressure to escape in the battery case before refilling the battery becomes. The electrical contact surfaces of the battery correspond to those of commercially available ones Batteries.

The interior of the battery housing can have a porous partition in the form that about two different metal braids can be put together without that they touch. If sponges containing an electrode are used, so they are shaped so that they can be nested; around The sponges can avoid confusion between plus and minus be different colors or labeled. The vessel then does not need a partition have, also when using a granulate as the electrode material containing sponge and a braid. Of particular importance in The use of granules as electrode material is carbon or activated carbon granules as positive and zinc or iron granulate as negative electrode material.  

The use of granules in sponges makes handling easier Granules of existing electrodes are very practical. After the braids or the Sponges in the interior of the battery case, this with a suitable electrolyte filled and closed the battery housing, which is then absolutely impermeable to liquids is. The braids or sponges that contain the electrodes can be rinsed out with water, making the total refill Battery with an unused electrolyte designed very simple. The positive electrode or the sponge containing the positive electrode generally remains long the granules it contains may also be replaced. Used electrolyte can be disposed of with household waste, as can used waste Granules, which can be reprocessed if necessary; the heavy metal can be chosen so that it is compostable. The one representing a negative electrode Braid or a sponge containing a negative electrode can be used several times be refilled with a new electrolyte before the negative electrode is used up.

The entire rechargeable battery consists of the parts of the battery container Cover, the two electrode braids or the one containing an electrode Sponges and the electrolyte. The user of such a battery who owns it of the battery container requires a storage bottle with electrolyte as spare parts and electrode meshes or sponges each containing an electrode, in particular containing the negative electrode. Taking environmental compatibility into account of the electrolyte, the materials used and the durability of the individual for the battery required parts turns up when using a refillable Battery is an environmental relief compared to the use of batteries that often become waste after a short period of use. For the user of refillable batteries also result in significant cost savings, because a rechargeable battery can be manufactured inexpensively and below Taking into account the costs incurred in the course of using the battery Renewal of the negative electrode and the amount of electrolyte used the cost of refilling the battery is very low.

This justifies together with the simple handling and the environmental compatibility the effort of multiple refills compared to particularly long-lasting manufactured, non-refillable batteries. To the during the current draw reduce hydrogen generated in the electrolyte from the battery, can the electrolyte or an electrode - such as anode - z. B. from coal or Activated carbon granulate consists of a granulate consisting of manganese oxide, for example become. Such granules can be made from minerals or from plant material or Plant juices are made, for example from wood, radish leaves etc. and with the help be further oxidized by microorganisms and water. Likewise, an im Battery compartment existing partition made of this material and approximately as Spare part of the battery can be used between two electrode braids.  

The additional spare part for the battery increases the cost of refilling hardly and since it is a biological material that is environmentally compatible can be made, it is for the refillable battery suitable. By adapting to the electrodes used in the battery or at Manufacturing as granules is also the handling of the additional spare part simple, especially if it is in as a spare part for the rechargeable battery available electrolyte is already present.

Just like the vessel for generating electricity from biomass, the refillable one can Batteries have a lid in which platinum or precious metal electrodes are integrated. Furthermore, the inner surface of the battery case can be covered with a piezoelectric Material be coated. To the on the electrodes of the lid or electrical current arising at the piezoelectric coating which is removed from the battery electrodes, can lead to the battery housing an electronic control or rectifier circuit are located on the required size is miniaturized. Because such an electronic circuit as well the electrodes of the battery compartment lid and the piezoelectric coating together with the battery case for a long time is also an increase justified the manufacturing cost of the battery pack. Since the described Refillable battery should correspond to the standardized battery sizes only certain biological electrolytes are used, hence from the very small Sufficient electrical current can be obtained from the battery container.

As electrolytes z. B. fruit concentrates, optionally multi-concentrated and acid-enhanced, or other substances that contain an organic acid, such as tartar, used with a biological thickener are mixed, which does not hinder the flow of current in the electrolyte, e.g. B. apple pectin, Locust bean gum, gelatin etc. When using such Biological thickeners can increase the current draw from the electrolyte become. To thicken the electrolyte very much, it can be a spare part Battery electrolyte are available in two storage bottles, whereby similar to when using 2-component adhesives from the user when the battery is refilled, the electrolyte is mixed together, or the two of them Fills battery electrolyte-forming substances one after the other into the battery container. To increase the current drain, iron powder can be added to the electrolyte about also organically obtained vinegar, e.g. B. fruit vinegar, and iron powder as Electrolyte can be used. Natural fertilizers can also be used as electrolytes used for plants, one of which is no longer used to generate electricity used table salt solution can be used as fertilizer, in particular e.g. B. for sugar beets; but also salt or salt dissolved in water, such as table salt. Such fertilizers can e.g. B. also from waste products from sugar beet processing are obtained from which, for. B. biological citric acid can also be obtained.  

The mixture of salt or in water is of particular importance as an electrolyte dissolved salt and a substance containing an organic acid, whereby also a larger current draw on a piezoelectric coating on the inner surface of the battery container can be obtained. In connection with the viscosity of the Electrolytes and the gases formed in the electrolyte when the current is drawn can be reached be that the electrolyte participating in the generation of electricity from the battery container flows. The battery container does not only have a room in which the Electrolyte can flow, but is the vessel with a reservoir in which there is also electrolyte connected, so that unused can be achieved Electrolyte constantly flows into the battery container. In this case, a magnetic coating of the inner surface of the battery container takes place in such a way that the flow of the electrolyte takes place in a magnetic field. By flow of the Electrolyte can also be on an optionally additionally present piezoelectric Coating electricity can be obtained. If the electrolyte is chosen that no movement takes place, a gas, e.g. B. air, in the battery - such as in the anode chamber - passed.

Partial agitation of the electrolyte may also occur in general in Larger-sized vessel for generating electricity from any electricity supplier Biomass can be achieved when the liquid-permeable (porous) Partition, which separates the anode from the cathode space of the vessel, from one semipermeable membrane. In addition to inorganic Materials organic (modified natural products) are used like Cellulose acetate, polysulfones etc. As with the electrodes of the vessel the surface of the membrane should be as large as possible (in a small space), which, for. B. by Use of hollow fibers or capillaries can be achieved. Especially a semi-permeable partition can be easily formed by exposure to water Copper sulfate solution and aqueous solution of yellow blood lye salt on the outside and inner surface of a clay cylinder or by the action of metal salts Water glass can be made. Biomass is placed in one chamber of the vessel, approximately biological waste products, filled and in the second chamber of the water vessel or another liquid so that the partition wall differs on both sides concentrated solutions can be found on the electrodes of the vessel, especially but on a piezoelectric coating of the vessel on its inner surface, in particular the chamber into which the water or the liquid strives Closing the vessel a larger electrical current can be removed. As an example, consider a vessel in larger dimensions, for example a barrel in which a second barrel is inserted in such a way that a vessel with electrodes arises in the form as in the general structure of the vessel for generating electricity from a biological substance has been described. Of the Anode and cathode compartments of the bin are supposed to be through a semi-permeable membrane be separated from each other. Biomass, say, is said to be in one chamber of the bin  biological waste products from the household or garden, in the second chamber of the A ton is said to be a liquid, such as water intended for watering plants or Rainwater introduced, for example from a gutter, into the chamber of the vessel leads to be filled. The solution or dilution of the biomass can electrical power can be obtained from the ton, especially the chamber, in which is the biomass, on its inner surface with a piezoelectric Material that is between two metal contact surfaces, is coated and the chamber can be closed with a lid. Depending on the type of biomass used, the two chambers of the vessel can also Have electrodes in the form of inserted electrode mesh. Instead of biological waste products can also be another biological substance, such as soil or peat can be used, with the help of the described barrel also biological substances, which are non-electrolytes, receive electrical current can be. As another function, the barrel can not only store irrigation water for plants, especially by rainwater, but also the production of a Have solution that can be used as a natural fertilizer. Out the barrel creates a natural source of energy that is capable of larger ones too Deliver amounts of electricity when biological substances that are electrolytes can be used without causing environmental pollution, the in the Ton of biological substances when they are no longer used to generate electricity are used, are biologically applicable, for example as irrigation water for plants, as fertilizer or for composting. The described vessel for power generation made from biomass in a larger size, so can general electricity biomass can be obtained which is sufficient an accumulator about the standard size of commercially available batteries to load, so that the described vessel for generating electricity from biomass in each Size can help increase the amount of non-refillable used Reduce batteries and thus relieve the environment. Since it's the vessels enable by directly assembling two electrode meshes or Sponges can accommodate large electrode areas in a small space electrical machines can be powered directly from biomass without electricity that the vessels containing the biomass are oversized and therefore less biomass is required, with an intensive Current efficiency is reached. Stand by interconnecting several vessels also larger amounts of electricity are available, so that electrical machines can be driven with greater power consumption.  

As an example, consider a lawn mower, the knife of which is driven by an electric motor, which is mounted on a gearbox. The electricity for the Electric motor is obtained from several of the vessels described, in series and are connected in parallel and are mounted on the lawn mower. The gear can be controlled electronically or it is located on the lawn mower handle a switch that allows the user of the mower to change the gear ratio can, which makes the mowing process slower but more powerful, so that too standing grass can be cut. The vessels mounted on the lawn mower can easily be filled with a bucket or watering can. That for Mowing biological electrolyte used, depending on the size of the used Vessels, e.g. B. consist of water or mineral water, or another biological substance, such as. B. fruit vinegar, which without much effort from User of the lawnmower itself made in a garden and in Storage containers can be stored. The fruit vinegar can be used Iron powder can be mixed, or iron parts that are no longer used be stored in a container containing the fruit vinegar. Additional electrolytes can be obtained from biological waste products, or a fertilizer for plants such as grass is used.

At the end of the mowing process, the electrolyte can remain in the garden or to be poured onto the lawn. When using negative electrode sponges Made of pulp with iron as an electrode that composts or as If fertilizers are used, they can also remain in the garden or buried in the lawn as fertilizer or in composted form be fed to the lawn so that the lawn mowing with the described Lawn mower designed without environmental pollution. The described power generation vessel from a biological substance is not just for electricity For example, applicable from biological waste products, but also for integration into a plant container suitable for generating electrical current from the plant nutrient medium to obtain.  

In addition to galvanic power generation, electric power can be generated in other ways can be removed from a plant container. Coating the inner surface of any Plant container, in particular one described in accordance with claim 1, in whole or in part with a piezoelectric or pyroelectric material that lies between two metal surfaces located, can be caused by the pressure in the plant container - caused by its operating conditions - arises on the metal surfaces between which the piezo or pyroelectric layer, alternating current can be drawn off. This alternating current occurs particularly strongly during the watering process, which occurs in every plant container in which one Plant is planted, occurs frequently and continues even after the watering process by the swelling of the nutrient medium in the plant container both in soil and in Granules or hydroponic substrate. This pressure is reduced, for example, by the metabolism the plant that draws liquid from the nutrient medium or by evaporation, favored by heating the plant container as a result of the necessarily on the plant container acting light radiation, so alternating current can also be removed become.

Since the alternating current that occurs is of different strength, it is advisable to use it rectify - low loss z. B. with a bridge rectifier from Schottky diodes - and to supply an accumulator, because in this way also between the casting processes occurring weak current can be applied.

Electricity is generated in a plant container in order to promote growth and plant care, the nutrient medium is heated, causing a accelerated evaporation of the liquid present in the plant container occurs and a Heating of the piezo or pyroelectronic coating, which has the result that this coating elastic stresses occur at the interfaces of the coating Form piezoelectric surface charges and both in a piezoelectric and lead to piezoelectricity even with a pyroelectric coating, which also at Cooling occurs. To what extent a piezoelectric coating on temperature fluctuations reacts is very much dependent on their manufacture. Therefore, if a piezophysical Coating from the heating or cooling of the nutrient medium of a plant container To generate electricity, a piezoelectric material with a corresponding Temperature behavior can be selected, or the coating of the plant container with a pyroelectric material can be made such. B. Tourmaline crystals, lithium sulfate monohydrate or pentaerythritol, which in addition to the piezoelectric property directly Temperature fluctuations react. When using such a coating can the plant container can also be used for composting or fermentation, as in In these cases there is a strong warming of the nutrient medium, or as a fermentation tank at the Production of biogas.  

Through galvanically generated electricity from the biomass, which is fed back into it, there is an acceleration of composting and in the event that the vessel described used as a fermentation tank for the production of biogas, heating the biomass, which is necessary for biogas production, d. H. it can be biogas, which is used to heat the Fermentation tanks are used, saved and an increase in the amount of emerging Biogases plus the gases generated by the electrolysis of the biomass become. In addition, the fermentation process is accelerated; provided the Electricity generated from the biomass in a galvanic way has by selection of the electrode material not too high a tension, the bacteria participating in the fermentation process hurts.

The piezo or pyroelectric layer of the plant container is expediently very chosen thin, maximum a few fractions of a millimeter thick, which ensures that already by a weak pressure or a low pressure occurring in the plant container Warming electricity is generated. Because there are piezoelectric materials, the cost is significant are cheaper than high-quality piezo-compatible quartz crystals, e.g. B. piezoceramics, Oxide ceramics or plastic films, such a coating is also suitable for large ones Plant pots and surfaces. Furthermore, the piezo or pyroelectric layer has a long shelf life and maintenance free.

Can also grow from the strive of the plant and the resulting pressure Electricity can be obtained. For this purpose, the plant container must also be closed at the top with enough light and air to reach the plant need to be achieved through glass or translucent plastic with air channels can. The pressure exerted by a seedling is of particular importance. With numerous seeds, tubers or onions, the nutrient medium can even be dispensed with if only the pressure resulting from germination is to be used, whereby Water, air and possibly light on the seeds, the tuber or onion must reach. There most seeds germinate both in the dark and in the light, it is enough that Plant container also opaque instead of with glass or translucent plastic close; in the case of light germs, light can also reach the surface of the Plant vessel culture medium are led. Because different types of seeds are used can, including weed seeds, can be large, with a piezoelectric material covered seedbeds can also generate and store larger amounts of electricity without that valuable seeds must be used.  

The electrical current that is created by the pressure in a plant container occurs, the plant container can be placed on a plunger that is in guides a cylinder, the inner surface of which is coated with a piezo-compatible material, that is between two metal surfaces, and that with air or a liquid is filled. Because of the low thickness of the piezoelectric material, this cylinder can be very flat and because of the low cost of e.g. B. piezoelectric material, it can e.g. B. have the size of a table top or adapted to the space of the plant container be so that it is almost inconspicuous. To those enclosing the piezoelectric material Metal surfaces that thin according to the thickness of the piezoelectric material this can be applied, alternating current can be drawn if in the Plant vessel pressure conditions occur, for example as a result of the watering process, the swelling the nutrient medium, the drying of the nutrient medium through the metabolism of the plant and by evaporation, favored by the light radiation incident on the plant container, as a result of plant growth or by galvanic electricity generation in the plant container, which cause a change in the weight of the plant container.

If the seal between the piston and cylinder is chosen so that friction of the Piston occurs on the cylinder, this also leads to power generation on the piezoelectric Material. Due to the light radiation acting on a plant container, indispensable for If a plant grows, pressure can arise on the outer surface of the plant container, for example in that they react to temperature fluctuations Piezoelectric or a pyroelectric material is coated, which is between two thin metal surfaces, which consist of a metal that is easy warmed up. Apart from the pressure generated by heating the coating there is also a mechanical pressure on the coating. For this purpose, the vessel wall has of the plant container in its height, in whole or in part, a cavity. The outer wall The cavity can be made of a translucent material (such as glass) or a metal exist that warms up slightly. If it is made of glass, it is the inner wall of the cavity provided with a piezo or pyroelectric coating. Is there the outer wall of the Cavity made of a metal, so is this wall with a piezo or pyroelectric Provide coating. There is a liquid in the cavity, which is slightly warmed and has a great tendency to spread even with little warming. Because liquids like mercury or carbon disulphide are not environmentally friendly Count substances, liquids such as ethyl alcohol or a tartar solution should be used become.

So that the liquid in the cavity heats up slightly and thus one Exerts pressure on the coated surfaces by the incident on the plant container Radiation can - in the event that the outer wall of the cavity, in which the liquid is made of glass - the metal which is on the inside of the cavity includes applied piezo or pyroelectric coating towards the liquid, blackened and roughened; in the event that the outer wall of the cavity is made If there is metal, it can be blackened and roughened.  

In this way it is achieved that the stray light incident on the plant container for Heating of the liquid contributes, so the plant container does not expose itself to direct light must be located. Is the plant container in a location with a direct Exposure to light, e.g. B. under a plant lamp or on a window, can by Use of mirrors, which are put together in the shape of a basket and in a suitable distance from the plant container so that they are the incident Conduct radiation onto the outer surface of the plant container, which is caused by the heating of the Liquid or the coating pressure can be significantly increased. Is that on the radiation of the plant container is low, so the upper part of the cavity filled with air in the vessel wall and with the lower part only through a small opening be connected, provided that there is a liquid in the lower part of the cavity located, which heats up more slowly than the air, so that by heating the air there is already pressure in the liquid and its heating is accelerated.

The electrodes, which are in a plant container, can partially with a piezoelectric coating can be provided. This can e.g. B. also applied if the electrical resistance of the electrodes is to be reduced or by Bring electrodes in the form of those of the plant container described in claim 1. If the electrodes already have this shape, the electrode area can either be enlarged or a metal surface is applied to the coated part of the electrode, which is made of the same material as that facing this electrode.

If the surfaces forming a positive and a negative electrode are connected together, the current intensity does not decrease because the total area of the electrodes has not decreased.

If the direct current drawn from the plant vessel is interrupted, e.g. B. if a Electricity consumers should be supplied with a pulsating DC voltage (e.g. flashing light, Tone generator etc.) or if the current drawn from the plant container is included a DC to DC converter operating at an appropriate frequency to a If higher voltage is to be transformed, the piezoelectric is additionally created Layer enclosing metal surfaces alternating current, which represent its own energy source can, or rectified and transformed can be supplied to the direct current.

In processes using galvanic electricity generation in a plant container, the growth of Promoting plants can be done by alternately shorting the electrodes that are in the plant container, promote plant growth and additional alternating current be generated.  

The electrodes for drawing current from a plant container can also be on the Plant stem or stem are located. For this, the widest possible soft Wire tape, e.g. B. copper tape, aluminum tape etc. around the plant stem or plant stem wrapped around the outside in a flexible rubber or plastic jacket is that it can expand with the coat and according to the Growth of the plant changes the stem or stem automatically adjusts, d. H. Plant stems or trunks are not damaged by the wire band.

For electricity generation from a plant container, it is advantageous if these electrodes each on a stem (if the plant has several stems) near the nutrient surface be attached to the vessel; in case the plant has only one stem possesses, a second plant can be placed in the vessel, the second plant then bears the second electrode. Due to the proximity to the nutrient surface, there is a significant gain in current a.

The voltage depends on the contact material of the flexible electrodes. The advantage with this arrangement of the electrodes lies in the fact that the plant container itself has no electrodes must have and that the current draw in this way with a stronger activation the plant is connected, for example to promote growth or faster germination, d. that is, activation of the plant occurs due to the current draw from a plant container without the current being fed back into the plant container. In particular, if one or more seeds in a small peat compacted Pot, which is located in the plant container, can be pressed in slightly, a stronger one Activation of the germ, d. H. faster germination can be achieved if the flexible Wire tape as an electrode around the pot made of pressed peat (the roots of the Germs grow through the pot) is wrapped.

The electrical current obtained in this way from a plant container, which also at small plant pots for devices such. B. quartz clocks, thermometers etc. is sufficient, can be significantly enlarged if the plant container has an electrode on it Has an internal surface or an electrode in the form of an additive e.g. B. iron filings, coal granules, etc. is added.

Through the described attachment of electrodes to a plant stem or plant stem can a plant container in a simple way the property of a battery give, with an additional activation of the plant occurs.

To any plant container, in particular one described according to claim 4, confer the property of a battery, d. H. to electrical current from the vessel to be able to remove, which should not serve for plant activation, but for storage or to operate electrical devices, the vessel can be made with a special plant granulate  be filled with a mixture of wood or peat fibers, coal, activated carbon and metal powder. The components can also be in electrically conductive Foam are incorporated, the foam mainly activated carbon and Metal powder must be added because the foam has the property of liquid storage already owns.

If no foam is used, the percentage of wood or peat fibers in the Granulate the liquid storage and the nutrient storage, like for a plant granulate usual to be achieved. A mixture of different powders can be used as the metal powder Metals are used so the concentration of a metal is not too high , or metal powder of metals can be used, which of the plant not harm even in large quantities, for example iron powder. The activated carbon portion on the granulate can be chosen so that it has a positive influence on the flourishing of the Plant has because the activated carbon u. a. substances and bacteria harmful to the plant eliminated.

The resulting granules have a much higher electrical conductivity as ordinary plant granules; they also help by the nutrient solution in the form of constituents added to their individual substances separate, so that a much higher electrical current from the plant nutrient medium can be obtained without fertilizer in excessive amounts must be supplied, which is harmful for many plants.

Pulsating magnetic alternating or alternating fields can activate Plants take place, d. H. faster germination, faster growth and larger Vitality and immunity of the plant. Compared to plant activation only by electric current are used in the treatment of plants with pulsating magnetic Same or alternating fields that exerted on the plant and its roots biological irritant effects much greater. So induce pulsating magnetic Same or alternating fields an electrical current flow in the plant nutrient medium, which is is known to have a positive effect on plant development, and one in the plant's nutrient medium current flow generated in a galvanic manner.

There is the possibility if necessary, i. H. depending on the growth level of the plant and Plant type to heat the nutrient medium faster and more strongly by changing the Frequency of the pulsating magnetic fields, which is an essential factor in the activation of Represents plants. By the action of pulsating magnetic alternating or alternating fields The substances in the nutrient medium are magnetized on the plant medium and increases the movement of the ions present in the moist culture medium; this carries to increase the temperature of the nutrient medium and the electrical flow in it Current at. It also stimulates the plant's cell metabolism and nutrient uptake accelerates and enlarges the plant because the magnetic field in the moist nutrient medium separates existing ions from each other and thus the individual Nutrient components can be more easily absorbed by the plant; the climb the plant juices in the roots, stem or stem of the plant is accelerated by the pressure exerted by the pulsating magnetic field and the associated pressure Distribution property of the electrolyte, i.e. H. substances that form plant sap.  

A device for the treatment of plants with pulsating magnetic direct or Alternating fields can consist in that in a plant container one on a bobbin, the z. B. can consist of plastic, wound coil of insulated copper wire is used so that the outer diameter of the coil with the inner diameter of the Plant vessel matches, or that there is such a coil in the plant vessel wall located along part or all of the inner surface of the plant container and the Culture medium lies in the middle of the coil. The coil can also go over the top of the Run the plant vessel upward so that it encompasses the plant for further activation the plant juices rising in the stem or stem.

The number of windings of the coil depends on the voltage with which the pulsating magnetic alternating or alternating fields are generated. The generation of the pulsating Magnetic fields can be interrupted with a simple electronic control or polarity reversal of the current input into the coil can be achieved with little loss, e.g. B. works quartz-controlled and z. B. isolated in the bottom of the plant container and not visible can be located.

By attaching a switch to the plant container, the interval frequency of the Magnetic fields can be chosen freely and the special plant type or the growth level adapted to the plant (particularly important for germination). The act on the plant Magnetic fields and thus the activation of the plant can be significantly strengthened are when a ferromagnetic material is added to the plant medium, e.g. B. Iron filings, which, for. B. incorporated into plant granules and with the nutrient medium can be mixed. It can also be a ferromagnetic material in the form of a Ring are used in the coil, for. B. soft iron, pure iron, such as Vacofer, Chrome iron or normal iron sheet covered with a protective layer against corrosion is.

The coil can then be located in the plant's nutrient medium, which is made of sheet iron, for example existing ring with the upper plane including the lower flat surface of the coil Flat surface of the coil enclosing iron sheet, which is connected to the inner wall of the plant container isolated from each other to the upper end of the plant container or above is drawn out in such a way that it encompasses the upper flat part of the coil Sheet and the sheet comprising the lower flat part of the coil on the vessel wall runs upwards so that the two sheets face each other and do not meet at any point touch, so that the plant vessel medium, possibly also the plant, between at least two opposite, the iron sheets forming the magnetic poles.  

The stem or stem of the plant can be wrapped with soft iron bands or iron foils become, especially when the coil or those forming the magnetic poles Run iron sheets beyond the upper boundary of the plant container. This wrapping serves to activate the plant juices rising in the plant, d. H. one accelerated and improved flow of the stem or stem of the plant flowing juices.

The electrical current for generating the magnetic fields can be galvanically can be obtained from the plant nutrient medium, especially if the plant container has a shape as described in claim 4; If necessary, the voltage can be electronic circuit (DC voltage conversion) can be increased when the winding of the Coil requires a higher voltage.

Since light must predominantly fall on a plant container and to grow the Plant is necessary, solar cells or Solar modules are used. These are connected to an accumulator, which the Solar energy stores, so even during the time of non-exposure to light Plant jar electricity is available to the magnetic fields in the plant jar produce. In the case of the solar cells or the solar cells interconnected to form modules it is thin-film solar cells amorphous technology. Such solar cells give already in normal daylight a high current for solar cells and are for partial Incidence of light (partial wiring), for example when exposed to sunlight or partially increased artificial light, suitable. Since the solar cells should not always be fully used, but mainly to take up the scattered light falling on the plant container serve, in addition to high-quality monocrystalline solar cells, especially solar cells suitable amorphous technology, which also get in the form of modules at affordable prices can be and therefore good for use in the vessel wall of a plant container own.

Since the pulsating magnetic fields induce a current flow in the plant vessel culture medium, can when using solar cells as an energy source for generating the magnetic fields an increased current can be galvanically removed from the plant container. A combination of is particularly useful for generating magnetic fields of high strength Solar electricity and the electricity obtained from the nutrient medium in a galvanic manner. If necessary, electrical currents can be transmitted via an electronic control circuit different voltages are transformed so that they can be interconnected without large losses can be. If the plant container has electrodes, some of them are coated with a piezoelectric material as set out in claim 8, this can be done by interrupting the direct current in the vessel or by alternating Short circuit electrodes located in the vessel to which the piezoelectric Material enclosing metal surfaces can be obtained directly from alternating current and whose frequency is generated by the duration of the interruption of the galvanically Direct current can be set so that the resulting alternating current is generated directly the pulsating magnetic fields can be used or with the on galvanic Generated electricity is interconnected, after its conversion to alternating current or pulsating direct current, to generate strong magnetic fields.  

Treatment with pulsating magnetic alternating or alternating fields can also occur Biomass can be used to increase the generation of electricity from the latter faster composting or in connection with biogas plants, for heating the fermentation tank and the associated increase in the amount of biogas produced. Especially can save biogas that is used to heat the fermentation tank. Likewise can treatment with pulsating magnetic alternating or alternating fields also for Pyrolysis of biomass can be applied, the frequency of the magnetic fields accordingly chosen high and the current required for the pulsating magnetic fields in particular from the biomass itself can be obtained if the vessel for composting or the fermentation tank or the pyrolysis tank according to claim 4 or claim 8 has the shape described.

Since light must predominantly shine on a plant container, that is to grow a plant is necessary, can be placed in the wall of any plant container, in particular one described according to claim 4, solar cells or solar modules used become. This ensures that a plant container functions as a battery without that electricity is generated from the plant nutrient medium in a galvanic manner. It should be the Possibility to connect a suitable electricity consumer to a plant container to be able to receive the current from the plant container without generating electrical current, any additional measures are necessary, d. that is the operating conditions of the plant container, the power consumption is guaranteed.

As solar cells or solar cells interconnected to form modules, thin-film Suitable solar cells, which have a high current for solar cells even in normal daylight submit. Since the solar cells should not always be fully used, but mostly serve to receive the scattered light incident on the plant container in addition to high-quality monocrystalline solar cells, especially solar cells with amorphous technology suitable, which can also be obtained in the form of modules at low prices. They are therefore suitable for the production of the plant container described, in particular taking into account interconnections of several such plant pots. Compared to the operation of individual solar cells or solar modules, there is the advantage that no additional space is required to set up the solar cells and that they do not move the sun, but that by integrating the solar cells into one Plant container from the operating conditions of the operator a power source stands that has no additional requirements.

A made of amorphous thin-film solar cells and in a plant container wall Integrated module is maintenance-free and also suitable for partial wiring, d. H. at partial The increased incidence of light on the plant container (e.g. sunlight, artificial light) increases current to be taken off, so that only an accumulator of suitable size and a Schottky Diode (as discharge protection diode) in the plant container or a simple electronic Circuit that determines the voltage emitted from the plant container and the charge of the accumulator must be monitored (e.g. in the bottom).  

This gives the possibility of electricity consumers whose size corresponds to the size of the Plant container can be chosen to connect directly to this, the operation of the Electricity consumers even when there is no light on the plant container is guaranteed. The solar cells can also be attached to the wall of the plant container (if this has a cavity) so that the light-sensitive side of the solar cell in the Cavity and the back of the solar cell to the plant medium shows.

The cavity can occur in the entire height of the plant vessel wall, the outer wall of the cavity made of a translucent material (glass) or translucent Plastic can be made with an afterglow paint or afterglow film is coated. Such colors or foils can persist for up to 20 hours, whereby the luminosity depends on the composition of the color or film, the z. B. also in Plastic (such as acrylic) can be incorporated. With optical fibers, light can continue into the Cavity are passed, the fibers mentioned have the strength of the cavity and end in front of the solar cell. The beginnings of the optical fibers can be found on the upper edge of the vessel lying, d. H. they are not recognizable as fibers and line the upper edge of the plant containers or go over the edge and have collecting lenses at the beginning. At the bottom of the cavity there is a tilted mirror, the size of which and inclination is chosen so that the mirror the solar cell or afterglow Coating irradiated with the light falling on it.

Since light falls on the solar cells even in the dark, the plant container gets the property a battery that continuously supplies power without using an accumulator must and an electrical device can be connected directly to this plant container. In addition, the plant container is illuminated by the film, the plant can also directly of the optical fibers that surround them, are irradiated, so that both effective lighting or marking inside and outside of rooms (e.g. of paths or special places) with the plant container.

In any plant container that has electrodes, especially in a post Described claim 1 and claim 4, above the electrodes of the plant container Platinum electrodes are attached. These can also be made from a very thin Layer of platinum as an electrode and as a counter electrode from a very thin layer of one Platinum alloy or a precious metal (e.g. silver). Between the platinum electrode and the underlying normal electrode may consist of a porous well that is approximately is made of the same material as the granules in the plant container. There the platinum electrode only from a very thin layer and the counter electrode about one thin silver layer can be formed, the material cost of these electrodes are not large.

In this way, if electricity is generated in the plant vessel in a galvanic manner is used (for example to promote the growth of the plant in the vessel), through which the Electrodes ascending gases are obtained, which is an additional and electrical current thus different from the galvanic electricity generation from the plant nutrient medium Represents energy source.  

In any plant container, in particular in one of claim 1 or claim 4, there may be cells in the vessel wall or in the vessel bottom, where a single cell consists of two metal plates, which are in a very small Face each other and between which there is distilled water or a complete dried plant nutrient medium is located. This plant container has the possibility on the metal plates of each Ze 27001 00070 552 001000280000000200012000285912689000040 0002004345148 00004 26882lle to store electrical current, whereby by Increase in the nutrient content of the dry plant nutrient medium, which is between the Metal plates is located, the electricity storage capacity of a cell can be increased significantly can. The plant medium (between the metal plates of a cell) can e.g. B. from pressed and dried peat and nutrient-enriched; as well any plant nutrient medium can be used, which is heavily fertilized and then is completely dried. The possibility of electric current in the plant container Being able to save can be used both to promote the growth of plants and for used the operation of electrical devices that receive electricity from a plant container become.

Electricity storage in the plant container is also useful for measurements; e.g. B. can in Connection with solar cells affects the light on the plant container during a determined period and then determined the location of the plant container according to the light requirement of the plant planted.

Is in any vessel that has electrodes, especially one according to claim 1 or claim 4, an electrolyte (z. B. dissolved biomass) filled and inside the vessel is a screw or rotor that holds the electrolyte set in motion by its rotation, so can be applied to the electrodes of the vessel accordingly the intensity of the movement of the electrolyte is a stronger electrical current be removed. In this way it is possible to make a higher biomass To achieve electricity generation. The movement of the electrolyte can also be initiated by Air enters the electrolyte, for example through a channel that leads into the vessel, or through Rotation or shaking of the vessel in which the electrolyte is located, for example as a result occurring vibrations.

The screw or rotor that moves the electrolyte is located between the Electrodes, this can consist of an electrically conductive material, such as light metal or electrically conductive plastic. The movement of an electrolyte can also be for Measurements are applied, e.g. B. to determine the quality of water. You can do this after filling a water sample into one described in claim 1 or claim 4 Containers of small organisms such as salt crabs, water fleas etc. are placed in the water. At Connection of the piezoelectric coating, also in combination with the electrodes of the Vessel to a measuring device, can be moved by the movement of small animals, either is more intensive or less, based on a specified water quality, a changed one Current consumption can be determined, the necessary for the movement of small creatures Stimuli are generated by the composition of the water.  

With the aid of a magnetic field acting on the vessel, as described in claim 16, occurs an amplification of the electrical signals resulting from the movement, so that even smaller organisms than water fleas can be used for measurement. On in this way, above all, the biological quality of an electrolyte can be checked. The method described can also be used to generate electricity, the stimuli necessary for the more intensive movement of small creatures through action of light or by entering a weak voltage in the liquid of the Vessel (which is stimulating but not dangerous for small organisms) and the one for it necessary current, from the vessel itself, for example from the electrodes or the piezoelectric Coating can be removed, are generated.

Especially in connection with exposure to light and the addition of feed (e.g. from biological Waste products) can be a source of biological energy from the container containing small organisms arise.

To the amperage taken from a vessel described in claim 15 can be increased even further, the inner or outer surface of the vessel with at least two opposing magnets, magnetic tapes or magnetic foils different Polarity are coated so that the resulting from these magnets Magnetic field perpendicular to the electrical current flow between those in the vessel Electrodes. A particularly high amount of electricity is generated when the vessel follows the Claim 3 or claim 4 has the shape described, wherein two magnets or Enclose magnetic foils with opposite polarity.

To further increase the current that can be drawn from the vessel, the vessel can move a rotor that has at least two opposing blades that the Contain the vessel in its width and that with two magnets, magnetic tapes or magnetic foils different polarity are provided, so that by the movement of the rotor the current flowing between the electrodes in the vessel is a moving, perpendicular to Current flowing magnetic field acts. The rotor that sets the electrolyte in motion can be used to generate the magnets perpendicular to the flow of electrical current in the electrolyte have a standing moving magnetic field on its leaves. It can then be used with a Rotor generates both the movement of the electrolyte and the movement of the magnetic field become. The increase in the electrical current obtained from the electrolyte can depends on the strength of the magnetic field and its movement. Therefore are High energy magnets covered with a protective layer against corrosion or in a Plastic film are incorporated, particularly suitable.

An increase in the current draw from the electrolyte can also be achieved if the electrodes are in motion. The electrodes can z. B. on the rotor blades are located, in which case the current is drawn via sliding contacts from the rotor. Movement of the electrodes can e.g. B. also take place by the vessel moved by its own drive or by moving the rotor when the rotor is on the vessel wall is held, and the vessel on a support plate, which is on a Low static friction bearing rests, and due to the movement of the rotor the viscosity of the electrolyte, there is also movement of the vessel.  

To further increase the electrical current that can be removed from the vessel, the Electrolyte substances such as B. clay or ceramic granules, glass beads, solid rubber balls etc. be added in addition to a stronger movement of the electrolyte for a stronger one provide electrical charge. If electrically conductive substances are added to the electrolyte, such as carbon granules, activated carbon, granules, consisting of electrically conductive plastic etc., in particular ferroelectric or ferromagnetic materials such as iron balls, iron filings, Iron powder etc., the removable current can be increased even more, especially when there is a vertical, stationary on the current flow between the electrodes or moving magnetic field acts. In particular by adding the according to claim 10 described granules for electrolyte, consisting of a mixture of wood or peat fibers, coal, activated carbon and metal powder, these substances (in particular Activated carbon and metal powder) can also be incorporated into electrically conductive foam can and under the influence of a magnetic field on the current flow between the electrodes When iron powder is used as metal powder, a relatively high current draw can be made even from a very low-ion electrolyte.

Therefore, the described vessel can be filled with the described granulate in this way be that the rotor can move the electrolyte with granules and as an electrolyte, e.g. B. dissolved biomass is used, the added granules after Replacement of the electrolyte can be reused. The inner part of the vessel can also be made entirely with a mass consisting of the described granulate or with electrically conductive foam mixed with activated carbon and iron powder, so that the electrolyte is filled into the foam, which then depends on the movement of the Electrolyte is either dispensed with or the vessel in which the electrolyte is located is in Movement is set, possibly also by an air stream, the magnetic field in the described way brought into motion by a rotor that rotates around the vessel becomes. Since the substances added to the electrolyte are reusable granules or can be made as a sponge, the replacement of the electrolyte in done easily. The incorporation of activated carbon and iron powder into electrical Conductive foam can, if necessary, simply by soaking the foam with achieved a solution of activated carbon and iron powder and subsequent drying become.

The vessel described can be used to make an electrolyte (especially from dissolved biomass) to obtain an increased electrical current by the screw or the rotor, which sets the electrolyte in motion, and the one running around the vessel Rotor that generates the moving magnetic field from an air screw or a Propeller caused by wind, which is also caused by the movement of a vehicle can be driven. When using the vessel in conjunction with a Vehicle can also drive the rotors mechanically through the movement the wheels or by an engine or by the braking force in connection with a Flywheel.  

Since both the movement of the electrolyte and the movement of the magnetic field are already included a low force is possible, the vessel described is also suitable for operation with a bike. When driving both the screw or the rotor, which the electrolyte set in motion, as well as the rotor which generates the moving magnetic field, corresponding to the drive of a dynamo attached to a bicycle via one of the For both riders, there is hardly any increase in muscle strength for the driver. Of particular importance is the ability to drive both rotors through two propellers Driving airstream. A plastic four-bladed propeller with one Diameter of 70 mm is able to move even at walking speed in an electrolyte, which is located in a container attached to the bicycle. The same applies to the movement of the rotor generating the magnetic field.

If the container contains granules in the manner described, it can even be made from normal Water or rainwater can be used to generate an electrical current, which in turn is a Can charge the battery. This electricity is essential when using biomass elevated. The vessel described is intended to give the cyclist the opportunity be, e.g. B. from biomass such as garden waste, waste from unused food (Coffee grounds, vegetable cleaning and the like), d. H. from waste products that are constantly generated to obtain an electric current with which an accumulator is charged in a favorable manner can be. In addition to generating electricity, the cyclist also has for example to charge an accumulator for which he does not have to spend any additional work (for example when the rotors are driven by the driving wind) the possibility of constantly occurring to use biological waste products themselves in an environmentally friendly manner. The biomass can, if no more electricity is generated from this, composts or a biological Waste bin can be fed. The electrical current obtained through the vessel can do this serve to charge an additional battery attached to the bicycle, that of the bicycle is removable and by the cyclist also independent of the bicycle for anyone Purpose can be used. An accumulator can also be charged If necessary, the lighting of the bicycle is supplemented or for bicycle headlights with an accumulator provides for recharging the battery. Thus the cyclist can recycle Make the biomass as you like or use only water and Operate granules. With constant use of biomass, the whole can be used for one Bicycle required electrical power can be generated in the manner described.

The vessel described can also be used in conjunction with a suitable battery electrolyte be used. Especially with motor vehicles, the vessel described can directly Charge the vehicle battery instead of the generator or directly into the vehicle battery to be built in. The movement of the electrolyte can also be caused by strong Heating takes place, for example in connection with the engine heat of a vehicle or due to friction or through the introduction of warm air into the vessel, which then if necessary, mechanical movement of the rotors can be dispensed with. The vessel can therefore also for generating electrical current from an electrolyte in conjunction with a heat source can be used.  

The vessel described according to claim 1 or claim 4 can be manufactured in this special case be that it consists of a system of nested vessels, the the The center of the outermost hollow body is the closest to such a small hollow body Diameter has that one expediently forms it as a rod and on it Apply a positive electrode to the outer surface (precious metal) in the form described. The remaining hollow bodies that have a positive electrode are then on each side (inside and outer surface) with a noble metal electrode (in grid or spiral form). in the Case that as a positive electrode material carbon or other inexpensive material is selected, these hollow bodies can also consist entirely of the electrode material, if necessary with precious metal coating. The hollow bodies that carry the negative electrodes can also be made entirely of the electrode material, e.g. B. zinc, galvanized iron, etc. exist and then be designed to have the shape of the electrode. You get on this Wise a vessel in which the negative electrodes are replaced by simple insertion can become, but this is only necessary after long operation of the vessel; especially when the hollow body with the negative electrodes completely out of the Electrode material exist, whereas the hollow body with the positive electrodes stay.

With such a vessel it is possible to use biomass, e.g. B. biological waste products from the garden and household (coffee grounds, waste from unused food, such as vegetable cleaning etc.) to obtain an optimal electrical current. The hollow body can be used as a sieve be designed in such a way that a plant can be planted, the rod in the The middle of the vessel is not an obstacle. Likewise, the vessel with a special granules (as described in claim 10) or as that in the Claims 15 to 17 described vessel can be used. In particular, this can be done a system of nested vessels (as described in claims 3 and 4, respectively are) existing vessel may be designed as a tube and in connection with an electrolyte flowing through the tube can be used, e.g. B. through the pipe conducted or pumped water, especially waste water. Here are on the outer surface of the tube at least two opposing magnets or magnetic foils different Polarity attached or the pipe is half on its outer surface coated with a magnet or a magnetic foil of different polarity; with a pipe of large diameter can also be used for any pair of pipes making up the system be valid. The magnets used can be coated with a protective layer against corrosion or be incorporated in plastic and depending on the type of material from which the Pipe exists, on which the magnets are attached, if necessary be insulated from it. The magnetic field formed by these magnets or magnetic foils can also move, for example, by the fact that the pressure of the flowing electrolyte causes a screw that is attached to the End of the tube is located, which is connected to a rotor which runs along the Rohres has rotor blades that surround the tube and that are coated with magnetic foils and are arranged so that the tube lies in a magnetic field, which changes when the Electrolyte moves.  

In addition to generating energy from a biological electrolyte such as rainwater Leachate from landfills, waste water in sewage systems can do the described Pipe for energy recovery can be used in connection with pump systems. The Pipe can also be used in conjunction with gases if they are ionized, for example, by high temperatures, or by a to the electrodes of the tube Voltage of several thousand volts is applied, which means that flowing through the pipe Air can be cleaned.

The generation of electrical current from an electrolyte, especially from dissolved Biomass that is in any vessel that has electrodes, especially described in claim 3 or claim 4, can be further increased when light acts on the electrolyte between the electrodes in the vessel. The current which can be taken off at the electrodes of the vessel depends on the intensity of the Light and the composition of the electrolyte, in particular the proportion of Electrolyte on dissolved iron, nickel or cobalt is significant. Should be by exposure to light resulting increased electricity generation from the electrolyte is further increased Therefore, the electrolyte can contain substances containing dissolved iron, nickel or cobalt contain, be added, possibly also other ferromagnetic substances and in particular that Granules described according to claim 10.

In connection with dissolved biomass, this can e.g. B. ferrous mineral water or iron-containing waste water can be added. Is z. B. an iron sulfate solution as an electrolyte used, it can represent a battery electrolyte, whereby by the action of Light on the battery electrolyte the battery is being charged. The vessel in which the Electrolyte can either be made of a translucent material such as glass or translucent plastic or there can be light into the interior through optical fibers of the vessel. Furthermore, the light can reach the vessel through mirrors or lenses or be concentrated on the optical fibers. Even inside the vessel can Mirrors or lenses are located, with one electrode in particular, mainly one a ferromagnetic material can be illuminated.

The coating of the inner surface of the vessel with a afterglow coating, consisting approximately of paint or foil, the vessel wall itself consists of a translucent material. In this way it can be achieved that illuminates the electrolyte even when there is no light on the vessel becomes. Particularly in connection with a vehicle, the electrolyte can be illuminated can also be done by lamps or diodes, because of the low power requirements particularly suitable for photonic films. If the inner surface of a containing the electrolyte  Vessel coated with a photonic film that is protected against corrosion, so can the current required to operate the photonic film through a propeller from Airstream driven generator are generated; because of the low power consumption of the The generator and thus also the propeller can be chosen to be so small that the generator can also be driven by the wind of a bicycle. In particular, when a rotor moves around the vessel as described in claim 16, whose rotor blades enclose the vessel and which are coated with magnets in the way, that an alternating magnetic field acts on the vessel due to the movement of the rotor the light emission of the photonic film can be induced by this alternating field. Instead of A phosphor-containing coating can also be used for photonic film.  

Fig. 1 shows in cross section a vessel according to claim 1 with a porous partition t and the electrode braids e and f inserted into the vessel, the vessel having a lid consisting of a material b with the additional electrodes c and d for power generation from the gases generated in the vessel.

The inside of the vessel wall, consisting of a material a, is on the piezoelectric material located between two metal surfaces p coated. The metal contacts g lead through the Vessel wall and through the wall of the lid to the cable connections k.

Fig. 2 shows in cross section a, consisting, in the interior of a sponge from the material employed braid electrode e, and a leading electrode to braid shaft, in which a screen is s. A metal contact g leads from the electrode mesh to the outer surface of the sponge.

FIG. 3 shows the cross section of a coated part of the vessel wall of a plant vessel coated on its inner surface with a piezo or pyroelectric material, wherein c represents the piezo or pyroelectric coating, b and d are metal surfaces and a represents the material which the plant vessel wall mainly consists of (it can also be a = b), which are represented as a whole by a, b, c, d.

Fig. 4 shows a plant container P, which stands on a piston K, which leads into a cylinder filled with a liquid F, which is coated on its inner surface with the piezoelectric material c lying between the metal surfaces b and d, the wall of the Cylinder consists mainly of the material a.

FIG. 5 shows the cross-section of a portion of the vessel wall of a plant vessel having a cavity. The outer surface a of the vessel wall consists of a translucent material, the slightly heating liquid F is located in the cavity of the vessel wall, b and d are metal surfaces which enclose the piezo or pyroelectric layer c.

Fig. 6 shows the cross section of a portion of the vessel wall of a plant vessel having a cavity. The outer surface a of the vessel wall consists of a translucent material, the slightly heating liquid F is located in the cavity of the vessel wall, the cavity above the liquid being filled with air L and a partition wall between the liquid and the air has a narrow opening in the middle; b and d are metal surfaces which enclose the piezo or pyroelectric layer c.

Fig. 7 shows in cross section a piezo- and pyroelectric layer c, and the b is located between the metal surfaces a, wherein the metal surface c of the piezo- and pyroelectric layer and the metal surface b only partially is covered.

Fig. 8 shows in cross section a coil s inserted into the bottom of a plant vessel made of the material c, with the iron sheet b comprising the lower flat surface of the coil and the iron sheet a comprising the upper flat surface of the coil lying opposite on the inside of the vessel wall are pulled up.

FIG. 9 shows the cross section of part of the vessel wall of a plant vessel which has a cavity H. The outer surface a of the vessel wall consists of a translucent material which is provided with an afterglow coating c towards the cavity; b is an optical fiber, e a converging lens, d an inclined mirror, which directs the light falling on it to the solar cell f and w any material of the vessel wall.

Fig. 10 shows in cross section a plant vessel made of the material w, with the electrodes a and b located on the inner surface of the vessel wall, the platinum electrodes c and d being located above these electrodes and both the platinum electrode c via a porous shaft e is connected to the electrode a below and the platinum electrode d to the electrode b below it via a shaft e.

Fig. 11 shows in cross section a according, which is coated on two opposite inner surfaces with two magnets c and d of different polarity, so that the electrolyte E moved by the rotor R is in a magnetic field that is perpendicular to the current flow between the two opposite inner surfaces of the vessel wall attached electrodes a and b.

FIG. 12 shows in cross section a vessel in which there is a rotor which moves the electrolyte present in the vessel, the electrodes a and b being located on two opposite vertical inner surfaces of the vessel and a rotor R2 around the vessel on two opposite rotor blades, which encompass the vessel in its width, is coated with the two magnets c and d of different polarity.

Fig. 13 shows in cross section a vessel according to claim 1 or 4, wherein in the vessel there is an electrolyte which is moved by the rotor R1 and the vessel in the manner described in claim 1 or claim 4, which with the Electrodes and the piezoelectric material containing coating P is provided and can move around the vessel a rotor R2, which is coated on two opposite rotor blades, which comprise the vessel in its width, with the two magnets m1 and m2 of different polarity.

Fig. 14 shows in cross section a vessel according to claim 1 or claim 4, wherein there is an electrolyte in the vessel, which by the rotor R, on two opposite rotor blades, which are located in the vessel, with the two magnets m1 and m2 different polarity is coated, is moved and e represents the piezoelectric material and the electrode-containing coating and P represents the piezoelectric coating without electrodes.

Claims (23)

1. Vessel, which enables a relatively high electrical current draw from an ion-poor electrolyte, constructed from any hollow body open at the top and a liquid-permeable hollow body open at the top, in the form that the open surfaces face upwards and the Distance between the inner surface of the first hollow body and the outer surface of the second hollow body used does not fall below or exceed the size of a few centimeters. Both hollow bodies can be connected to form a vessel.
Apply the electrodes in the form of a spiral, running in height along the inner surface of the first hollow body as an electrode, the distance between the surfaces forming the spiral being able to be a few centimeters, along the outer surface of the second hollow body used as a second electrode (glue, press in, spread as far as possible, e.g. silver, zinc or electrolytically (e.g. gold), after rendering the lower surface conductive (e.g. with graphite) or in the form of a grid (vertical or horizontal) on the inner surface of the first hollow body as an electrode, on the outer surface of the second hollow body used as a second electrode, wherein the distance between the grid surfaces can be a few centimeters and all grid surfaces of an electrode end in one point.
The material of the hollow body is arbitrary; primarily plastic, clay or ceramics; in the case of an electrically conductive material (such as metal), the electrodes are applied insulated from it. The electrode materials can be chosen arbitrarily, e.g. B. also films in a suitable composition; but above all because of the low material requirement also precious metals such as silver, gold, platinum or materials for high voltage generation such as zinc-carbon, zinc-manganese dioxide, etc.
As a special embodiment of the vessel, several spirals or lattice threads, each representing an electrode, can be formed, e.g. B. from a metal wire or coal, adjacent to each other at a short distance, so that a braid is formed, which is an electrode. Two from z. B. different metals existing electrode mesh can in a vessel, consisting of any, upwardly open hollow body, in which there is a liquid-permeable (porous) partition made of an electrically semiconducting material, so that the interior of the hollow body is divided into two parts (chambers) will be used, each electrode mesh filling the chamber in which it is inserted.
The material of the hollow body is electrically non-conductive, each chamber of the hollow body has from the outside a metal connection for an electrical cable, the metal contact of the connection leading through the wall of the hollow body and ending at a point on the inner surface of the chamber. The inner surfaces of the chambers can be coated with a piezoelectric material, which is located between two metal contact surfaces, the partition wall of the chambers must remain permeable to liquids. The entire vessel can be closed with a lid, which has a snap closure, with the help of which existing pressure can escape before opening the vessel. Extraction of the resulting gas from a chamber of the vessel can take place through a tube which penetrates the lid of the vessel and ends in a storage container. The energy required for water decomposition can be obtained from the water itself or from the biomass dissolved in the water. The lid of the vessel can have two electrodes on its inner surface, which are very thin and z. B. can consist of platinum and a platinum alloy or a noble metal, in such a way that when the vessel is closed, one electrode of the lid lies at the upper end of a chamber of the vessel and the two electrodes of the lid are separated from one another by the partition wall of the vessel . The electrodes of the vessel lid can be attached so that they are surrounded on all sides by a porous partition. 2. inserting the electrode braids of the vessel of claim 1 into the interior of a sponge, which can consist of an electrically semiconducting material; In particular, this material should consist of natural raw materials and be compostable such as. B. pulp, the sponge has on its surface a metal contact surface which leads into the interior of the sponge and makes contact with the electrode material. In addition to the mesh as an electrode from claim 1, the sponge can also contain granules in its interior, which then represents the electrode material, e.g. B. coal or activated carbon granules, the sponge can have the shape that a repeated replacement of the granules is possible. If a granulate made of metal is used, the individual granules can be drilled through in several places, whereby the holes can have the size of capillaries.
Current can also be obtained by flowing the electrolyte in a possibly additionally present piezoelectric coating. If the electrolyte is selected so that no movement takes place, a gas (eg air) can be introduced into the battery, for example into the anode chamber, through openings in the battery container.
A partial movement of the electrolyte can also be achieved for the generally larger-scale vessel for generating electricity from any electricity-supplying biomass if the liquid-permeable (porous) partition wall of the vessel, which separates the anode and cathode compartments, consists of a semipermeable membrane.
The biomass, such as biological waste products, and the liquid used for the stronger dissolution of the biomass are then filled separately into the individual chambers of the vessel, with a piezoelectric coating on the inner surface of the vessel, in particular the chamber into which the liquid strives, and upon closure of the vessel, a larger current can be drawn off. In particular, using the vessel using water, e.g. B. irrigation water for plants or rainwater and biomass (z. B. also earth) can be obtained by diluting the biomass electrical current, resulting in a solution that can be used as a natural fertilizer.
The two sponges are inserted into the vessel in such a way that the contact point of each sponge touches one contact point of the vessel, which may be located on an inner wall, for example. When using the sponges containing an electrode, the vessel described in claim 1 need not have a partition. In particular, sponges of different sizes, which together fill the interior of the vessel, can now be used, the sponges not only being able to be placed next to one another, but also one inside the other, and the contact points of the vessel being at the bottom thereof, thereby creating combinations of electrode surfaces of different sizes for production the same electrical current are possible in a simple manner and therefore sponges containing a certain material, for. B. iron as the electrode material, can preferably be used. If a sponge contains iron granulate or a mesh made of thin iron wire as the electrode material, the sponge can, when it is no longer used to generate electricity, be composted with the remaining electrode material or used as fertilizer for plants or as soil for plants; for example for the use of seeds, whereby a rapid germination and growth of the plants can be achieved by keeping the sponge moist, without the need to use an additional nutrient medium.
Dissolved biomass that is no longer used to generate electricity can be composted or used as a fertilizer for plants, for example as an admixture to the irrigation water, especially when iron powder has been added to the dissolved biomass to generate more electricity. The sponges containing an electrode can have a shaft which leads into the sponge and which is formed from the material of the sponge, optionally reinforced, and which can be provided with a sieve or connected to a pipe, around the sponges for gas production from water or dissolved biomass or for use in a vessel, which is provided with additional electrodes, for energy generation from the resulting gases when the vessel is in operation. 3. Production of the vessel from claim 1 and 2 in the standard size commercially available Batteries so that a refillable battery is created. The battery case with a screw-off cover, which has a snap lock can have, and optionally a piezoelectric coating that is located between two metal surfaces, the inner surface of the battery housing, and two additional electrodes for extraction from those in the battery container resulting gases that may be in the housing cover remain constantly received, as well as any contained in the battery case miniaturized electronic circuit for merging different Current quantities. The user of the refillable battery is available as a spare part the electrolyte and the electrodes inserted in the battery container or sponges available, if necessary also additional granules for Hydrogen bond or to exchange the granules representing an anode. The materials used for the rechargeable battery are all environmentally friendly. This also applies to the battery electrolyte, which consists of a biological substance, such as fruit concentrate, optionally multi-concentrated and acid-reinforced, or another Substance that contains organic acid, such as tartar Electrolyte with a biological which does not hinder the current flow in the electrolyte Thickener is mixed. The electrolyte can become larger Current draw iron powder are added, being about biological vinegar obtained, e.g. B. fruit vinegar, and iron powder used as the electrolyte can be. Natural fertilizers for plants can also be used as electrolytes be used, but also salt or salt dissolved in water, such as table salt. The mixture of salt or salt dissolved in water and a substance containing an organic acid, which also results in a larger current draw on a piezoelectric coating the inner surface of the battery case can be obtained. In connection with the viscosity of the electrolyte and those arising in the electrolyte Gases in the case of electricity consumption can be achieved in the generation of electricity participating electrolyte flows out of the battery container. Has it Battery container not just a space in which the electrolyte can flow, but is the vessel with a storage container in which there is also electrolyte is connected, it can be achieved that unused electrolyte constantly flows into the battery container. In this case, a magnetic Coating of the inner surface of the battery container is done in such a way that the electrolyte flows in a magnetic field.   4. Any plant container, in particular one described according to claim 1, its inner surface entirely or partially with a piezoelectric or pyroelectric Material coated between two metal surfaces, for generating electrical current from that occurring in the plant container Pressure, for example in the metabolism of the plant, in watering the plant, in Swelling or drying of the nutrient medium that is in the plant container, or if electrical current is generated in the plant container in a galvanic manner is used to promote growth or plant care. 5. Closing the vessel described in claim 4, partially or entirely upwards, in the event that a plant is planted, translucent and breathable, to use the pressure of the plant that arises from its endeavors grow, especially the pressure of germs or use of the vessel for Composting or fermentation and as a fermentation tank in the extraction of Biogas both for generating electricity from fermenting biomass and for Increase the amount of biogas produced and for the generation of Biogas necessary heating of the biomass. 6. Placing any plant container, in particular one according to claim 4 described, on a piston that leads into a cylinder, the inner surface is coated with a piezoelectric material located between two metal surfaces, and which is filled with air or a liquid, to increase the generation of electricity from the change in weight of the plant container during its operation, caused u. a. by those occurring in the plant container Pressure ratios. 7. Production of any plant container, in particular one described in accordance with claim 4, in such a way that the height of the container wall, in whole or in part, has a cavity in which there is a suitable liquid, for. B. alcohol, tartar solution etc.
The walls of the cavity are, depending on the material they are made of, completely or partially provided with a piezoelectric or pyroelectric coating located between two metal surfaces, for use of the pressure generated by the heating of the liquid in the cavity or the piezo or pyroelectric coating due to the radiation incident on the plant container. In addition to measures for better heating of the liquid or the coating, the upper part of the cavity in the vessel wall can be filled with air, the lower part with a liquid that heats up more slowly, so that pressure in the liquid already arises due to the heating of the air and the heating of the liquid is accelerated. 8. Partial coating of the electrodes of any plant container, which has electrodes, in particular one described according to claim 4, with a piezoelectric material, by interrupting the im Vessel running direct current or by alternating Kuirz closing the electrodes in the vessel, for example for growth-promoting measures, through galvanic power generation in the plant container To get alternating current. 9. Attach electrodes to a plant stem or stem (without damaging it) by wrapping it with a soft wire tape, attached to the outside in a flexible rubber or plastic jacket is that it can expand with the coat and on the stem or Stem of the plant is located near the nutrient soil to get out of a Plant jar that has no electrodes (or just about one on its inner surface or as an admixture to the nutrient medium) to be able to. In the event that there is a seed or seeds in the plant container are in a small pot made of pressed peat, around which the flexible wire band is pressed in slightly. In particular, the plant is activated, around which there is an electrode is for accelerating growth or faster germination, without the the current taken from the plant container is fed back to it. 10. Any plant container that has electrodes, especially one after Claim 4 described, filled with a special plant granulate is composed of a mixture of wood or peat fibers, coal, activated carbon and metal powder, these substances also in electrically conductive foam can be incorporated so that granules are formed which in addition to the Property of storing fluid and nutrients as it is for a Plant granules are common, have a high electrical conductivity and which help through the nutrient solution in the form of material compounds separate added ingredients into their individual substances so that receive a significantly higher electrical current from the plant nutrient medium can be supplied without this fertilizer in excessive amounts Need to become.   11. From any plant container that has electrodes, in particular from one described in accordance with claim 4, an increased electrical current can be assumed in a galvanic manner if a plant activation, for example, by pulsating magnetic alternating or alternating fields acting on the plant container. B. to accelerate growth or faster germination takes place.
The plant activation itself can by a on a bobbin, the z. B. made of plastic, wound coil made of insulated copper wire, which is inserted into the plant container, so that the outer diameter of the coil matches the inner diameter of the plant container and the coil is located along part or all of the inner surface of the plant container, or that it is integrated in the plant vessel wall, so that the nutrient medium of the plant vessel lies in the middle of the coil, the coil also being able to continue upwards over the upper end of the plant vessel so that it embraces the plant. By attaching a switch to the plant container, the interval frequency of the magnetic fields can be freely selected and adapted to the specific type of plant or the level of growth of the plant. To strengthen the magnetic fields, the plant medium can be added a ferromagnetic material or incorporated into z. B. planting granules, or a ferromagnetic material in the form of a ring can be used in the coil. The coil can then be located in the bottom of the plant container, the ring, which is made of sheet iron, being connected to the iron plate enclosing the lower flat surface of the coil or the upper flat surface of the coil, which is on the inner wall of the plant container to the upper end of the plant container or is also drawn in such a way that the sheet metal comprising the upper flat part of the coil and the sheet metal comprising the lower flat part of the coil run upwards on the vessel wall in such a way that the two sheets face each other and do not touch at any point, so that the plant vessel nutrient medium and / or the plant is located between at least two opposite iron sheets forming the magnetic poles. The stem or stem of the plant can be wrapped with soft iron strips or iron foils, especially if the coil or the iron sheets forming the magnetic poles run beyond the upper limit of the plant container. The current required to generate the pulsating magnetic fields can be obtained by galvanic current generation from the plant nutrient medium, in particular described by a plant vessel according to claim 4 or according to claim 8 or by solar cells which are integrated in the plant vessel wall and ensure their current delivery from the operating conditions of the plant vessel or other power source.
Treatment with pulsating magnetic alternating or alternating fields can also be applied to biomass; to increase electricity generation from it, to compost it more quickly or in connection with biogas plants to heat the fermentation tank and the associated increase in the amount of biogas produced or to pyrolize biomass, whereby the electricity required for the pulsating magnetic fields can be obtained in particular from the biomass itself when the vessel for composting or the fermentation tank or pyrolysis tank has a shape as described in claim 4 or in claim 8. 12. Any plant container, in particular one described in claim 4, in the container wall solar cells are used to give the plant container the property of a battery, regardless of the generation of galvanic current from the plant nutrient medium and guaranteed by the operating conditions of the plant container, being in the plant container an accumulator can be used, possibly with electronic charge control, and the solar cells, in addition to generating electrical current from intense sunlight or artificial light, are mainly used to absorb the stray light incident on the plant container.
The solar cells can also be attached to the wall of the plant container if the wall has a cavity, so that the light-sensitive side of the solar cell points into the cavity and the rear of the solar cell faces the plant nutrient medium. The cavity can occur in the entire height of the plant vessel wall, wherein the outer wall of the cavity can consist of a translucent material (such as glass) or translucent plastic and is coated with an afterglow paint or afterglow film. With optical fibers, light can be guided into the cavity, these having the strength of the cavity and ending in front of the solar cell. The beginnings of the optical fibers can lie on the upper edge of the vessel, ie they cannot be recognized as fibers and line the upper edge of the plant vessels, for example, or go beyond it, and have collecting lenses at their beginnings.
At the lower end of the cavity there is an inclined mirror, the size and inclination of which is selected such that it irradiates the solar cell or the afterglow coating with the light falling on it. 13. In any plant container that has electrodes, in particular one described in claim 1 or claim 4, platinum electrodes can be attached above the electrodes of the plant container, which also consist of a very thin layer of platinum as an electrode and as a counter electrode from a very thin layer of a platinum alloy or a precious metal (e.g. silver).
There may be a porous shaft between a platinum electrode and the underlying normal electrode, which is formed from approximately the same material as the granulate in the plant container. In this way, if electricity is generated in the plant vessel in a galvanic manner, electrical current can be obtained from the gases rising at the electrodes, which represents an additional energy source that is different from the galvanic generation of electricity from the plant nutrient medium. 14. In any plant container, especially one according to claim 1 or claim 4 described, can in the vessel wall or in Vessel bottom cells are located, with a single cell made from two metal plates, who face each other at a very short distance, and between them distilled water or a completely dried out plant nutrient medium is located. The plant container thus has the opportunity to Metal plates of each cell to store electrical power, increasing the Nutrient content of the dry plant nutrient medium, which is between the Metal plates located, the electricity storage capacity of a cell is essential can be increased. 15. Any vessel that has electrodes, in particular one according to claim 1 or Claim 4 described, for receiving an electrolyte, especially dissolved Biomass, and in which there is a screw or a rotor through which the electrolyte is set in motion or into the small being be used. The movement of the electrolyte can be initiated of air into the electrolyte, such as through a channel that goes into the Vessel leads, or by rotating or shaking the vessel in which it is located the electrolyte is located, for example as a result of vibrations. If the screw or rotor that moves the electrolyte is between the electrodes, this can be made of an electrically conductive Material consist, for example, of light metal or electrically conductive plastic. 16. Coating of the vessel described in claim 15 on its interior or outer surface with at least two opposing magnets, magnetic tapes or magnetic foils of different polarity, so that this Magnetic field arising perpendicular to the electrical current flow between the electrodes in the vessel, or attaching a rotor that is can move around the vessel described in claim 15, wherein the rotor has at least two opposite leaves, which the vessel in include the width and with two magnets, magnetic tapes or magnetic foils different polarity are provided so that by the movement of the Rotor on the current flow between the electrodes in the vessel moving magnetic field perpendicular to the current flow acts. The rotor, which sets the electrolyte in motion can generate the magnets of the moving magnetic field also on its leaves, which means that with a Rotor both the movement of the electrolyte and the movement of the magnetic field can be done. The increased current draw from the electrolyte can also done by moving the electrodes z. B. on the rotor blades can be located, the electrical current then from the rotor via sliding contacts is removed.   17. admixture of an electrically non-conductive substance to the electrolyte, which is located in a vessel described according to claim 15 or 16, such as. B. clay or ceramic granules, glass beads, solid rubber balls etc., or an electrically conductive material such as carbon granules, activated carbon, granules made of electrically conductive plastic etc., in particular a ferroelectric or ferromagnetic material such as iron balls, iron filings, iron powder etc. Especially the admixture of Granules described in claim 10, when a magnetic field acts on the current flow between the electrodes, mixed with iron powder, wherein the mixture of activated carbon and iron powder can also be incorporated in a granulate consisting of wood or peat fibers or electrically conductive foam, or the inner part the vessel is completely filled with a mass consisting of these granules or with electrically conductive foam, mixed with activated carbon and iron powder, into which the electrolyte is poured.
Since the substances added to the electrolyte can be produced as reusable granules or as a sponge, the electrolyte can be replaced in a simple manner. 18. Generation of an increased electrical current from an electrolyte, especially from dissolved biomass through a vessel as described in claims 15 to 17, in which the screw or rotor that sets the electrolyte in motion as well as the rotor running around the vessel, which generates the moving magnetic field, from an airscrew or a propeller caused by wind, which also can be caused by the movement of a vehicle. When using the vessel in connection with a vehicle, the drive can the rotor also mechanically through the movement of the wheels or of an engine or by braking force in conjunction with a flywheel respectively. 19. Attachment of a vessel as described in claims 15 to 17 on a bicycle, the rotors of the vessel in particular through the Airstream driven to the cyclist next to an electric one Energy production for which he does not have to spend any additional work Possibility to give constantly occurring biological waste products to recycle in an environmentally friendly way. 20. Charging any battery, in particular a vehicle battery, by a vessel as claimed in claims 15 to 17, wherein the electrolyte is made of a suitable battery electrolyte and in the case of charging one Vehicle battery the vessel replaces the generator or in the vehicle battery can be installed.   21. Generation of an increased electrical current from an electrolyte, especially from dissolved biomass, by a described according to claim 15 to 17 Vessel, the electrolyte in the vessel being supplied by a heat source, for example in connection with the engine heat of a vehicle or as a result friction or by introducing warm air into the vessel. 22. Manufacture of the vessel described in claim 1 or claim 4 in such a way that it consists of a system of nested vessels, the hollow body closest to the center of the outermost hollow body being formed into a rod. Application of the positive electrodes to the inside and outside surface of a hollow body carrying the positive electrodes and to the outside surface of the rod, in grid or spiral form, the positive electrodes mainly consisting of noble metal and, in the case of the use of carbon or another inexpensive material, the hollow bodies carrying the positive electrodes can also consist entirely of the electrode material, optionally with a noble metal coating.
The hollow bodies which carry the negative electrodes can likewise consist entirely of the electrode material and can also be designed such that they have the shape of the electrode, as a result of which the negative electrodes can be replaced easily and only after a long period of use.
The vessel can be filled with a special granulate as described in claim 10 or used as the vessel described in claims 15 to 17. In particular, the vessel can be designed as a tube and used in conjunction with an electrolyte flowing through the tube, e.g. B. passed through the pipe or pumped water, in particular wastewater, with at least two opposing magnets or magnetic foils of different polarity attached to the outer surface of the tube, or the tube on the outer surface each with a magnet or a magnetic foil of different polarity is covered; for a large diameter pipe, this can also apply to any pair of pipes making up the system. The magnetic field formed by these magnets or magnetic foils can also move, for example, by moving a screw located at the end of the tube by the pressure of the flowing electrolyte, which screw is connected to a rotor which has rotor blades along the tube which comprise the tube and which are coated with magnetic foils and are arranged such that the tube lies in a magnetic field which moves when the electrolyte flows.
In addition to the generation of energy from a biological electrolyte such as rainwater, leachate derived from landfills, wastewater in sewage systems, the pipe described can be used for energy recovery in connection with pump systems. The tube can also be used in conjunction with gases when they are ionized, or to ionize them and thereby cause e.g. B. air flowing through the tube can be cleaned. 23. Generation of an increased electrical current from an electrolyte, especially from dissolved biomass, which is located in any vessel that has electrodes, in particular in one described in claim 1 or claim 4, by guiding light onto or onto the electrolyte an electrode, mainly one made of a ferromagnetic material, whereby the concentration of the light can be increased with mirrors or lenses.
Admixing the granules described in claim 10 to the electrolyte and a ferromagnetic substance, in particular a substance containing dissolved iron, nickel or cobalt. If the electrolyte consists of a substance such as iron sulfate solution, this can be used as a battery electrolyte, the battery being charged by the action of light on the battery electrolyte.
Coating of the vessel containing the electrolyte on its inner surface with an afterglowing substance, the vessel wall consisting of a translucent material or light being guided into the interior of the vessel using optical fibers.
Particularly in connection with a vehicle, the electrolyte can also be illuminated with lamps, diodes or photonic foils. In particular, when a rotor moves around the vessel, as described in claim 16, the rotor blades of which surround the vessel and which are coated with magnets in such a way that an alternating magnetic field acts on the vessel due to the movement of the rotor, this alternating field can the light emission of the photonic film can be induced. Instead of the photonic film, a phosphor-containing coating can also be used.