CN115182859B - Power generation unit and power generation system based on frozen soil expansion - Google Patents
Power generation unit and power generation system based on frozen soil expansion Download PDFInfo
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- CN115182859B CN115182859B CN202210598431.7A CN202210598431A CN115182859B CN 115182859 B CN115182859 B CN 115182859B CN 202210598431 A CN202210598431 A CN 202210598431A CN 115182859 B CN115182859 B CN 115182859B
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- power generation
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- rectangular cylinder
- closed cavity
- frozen soil
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
- F03G7/06—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using expansion or contraction of bodies due to heating, cooling, moistening, drying or the like
- F03G7/061—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using expansion or contraction of bodies due to heating, cooling, moistening, drying or the like characterised by the actuating element
- F03G7/06114—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using expansion or contraction of bodies due to heating, cooling, moistening, drying or the like characterised by the actuating element using the thermal expansion or contraction of solid materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of power generation, and discloses a power generation unit and a power generation system based on frozen soil expansion. The piezoelectric box of the power generation unit comprises a first rectangular cylinder body with an upper opening and a first piston; the lower end of the first piston is arranged in the first rectangular cylinder body and can move up and down along the axial direction of the first rectangular cylinder body; a horizontal first elastic diaphragm is also arranged in the first rectangular cylinder; a first closed cavity is formed between the bottom surface of the first piston and the first elastic diaphragm, and a second closed cavity is formed between the first elastic diaphragm and the bottom surface of the first rectangular cylinder; a plurality of groups of piezoelectric ceramic motors are arranged in the first closed cavity; a power generation system based on frozen soil expansion comprises a plurality of groups of power generation units, a power storage station, a ground source heat pump and a heat exchange pipeline. The invention uses the expansion of frozen soil as the driving force and piezoelectric ceramics as the realization means of pressurized power generation, and has low cost, cleanness and environmental protection. The invention utilizes the cold area to divide the seasonal frozen soil widely, and effectively solves the problem of power shortage in winter in the frozen soil area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power generation, in particular to a power generation unit and a power generation system based on frozen soil expansion.
Background
The shallow geothermal energy resource is a geothermal resource which is hidden in a shallow rock-soil body, underground water and surface water, is a novel high-quality clean energy source, has the characteristics of reproducibility, wide distribution, large reserve, cleanness, environmental protection, economy, high safety and strong availability, and has wide development and utilization prospects.
The cold areas of China are widely distributed, the frozen soil area is 417.4 X104 km2, and the frozen soil area accounts for 43.5% of the land area of China. Is mainly distributed in Qinghai-Tibet plateau region, xinjiang Tianshan region, east three provinces and inner Mongolia middle and east region. With the construction of six economic hallways, the development of cold region resources is greatly enhanced. The electric power shortage in the frozen soil area is always an important factor for resisting development and influencing folk life.
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a power generation system based on frozen soil expansion and utilizing shallow geothermal energy, which effectively solves the problem of winter power utilization shortage in frozen soil areas.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a power generation unit and a power generation system based on frozen soil expansion, which effectively solve the problem of power utilization shortage in winter in frozen soil areas, and have low power generation cost, cleanness and environmental protection.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The power generation unit based on frozen soil expansion is arranged in frozen soil and comprises a piezoelectric box, wherein the piezoelectric box comprises a first rectangular cylinder body and a first piston, wherein the first rectangular cylinder body and the first piston are respectively made of rigid materials and are provided with an upper opening, a pressing plate is arranged at the upper end of the first piston, and a horizontal first piston bottom surface is arranged at the lower end of the first piston; the lower end of the first piston is arranged in the first rectangular cylinder body and can move up and down along the axial direction of the first rectangular cylinder body; a horizontal first elastic diaphragm is arranged in the first rectangular cylinder body between the bottom surface of the first piston and the bottom surface of the first rectangular cylinder body; a first closed cavity is formed between the bottom surface of the first piston and the first elastic diaphragm, and a second closed cavity is formed between the first elastic diaphragm and the bottom surface of the first rectangular cylinder; an antifreezing solution is arranged in the first closed cavity, a plurality of groups of piezoelectric ceramic motors are arranged in the antifreezing solution, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of each piezoelectric ceramic motor are respectively provided with a wire extending out of the first closed cavity; the second closed cavity is internally provided with compressible gas.
Preferably, a first pipeline is arranged on the side wall of the first rectangular cylinder corresponding to the first closed cavity, a valve is arranged on the first pipeline, and the first pipeline is connected with one end of the valve and further comprises an energy storage tank arranged in frozen soil; the energy storage tank comprises a second rectangular cylinder body and a second piston, wherein the upper part of the second rectangular cylinder body is made of rigid materials, and the upper part of the second rectangular cylinder body is open; the upper end of the second piston is provided with a pressing plate, and the lower end of the second piston is provided with a horizontal bottom surface of the second piston; the lower end of the second piston is arranged in the second rectangular cylinder body and can move up and down along the axial direction of the second rectangular cylinder body; a horizontal second elastic diaphragm is arranged in the second rectangular cylinder body between the bottom surface of the second piston and the bottom surface of the second rectangular cylinder body; a third closed cavity is formed between the bottom surface of the second piston and the second elastic diaphragm, and a fourth closed cavity is formed between the second elastic diaphragm and the bottom surface of the second rectangular cylinder; the third closed cavity is provided with compressible gas, and the fourth closed cavity is provided with antifreeze fluid; the fourth closed cavity is also provided with a second pipeline; the second pipeline is communicated with the other end of the valve.
Preferably, each power generation unit comprises a piezoelectric box and a plurality of energy storage tanks connected with the piezoelectric boxes.
A power generation system based on frozen soil expansion comprises a plurality of groups of power generation units, a ground source heat pump, a ground heat dispatching station and a heat exchange pipeline, wherein the plurality of groups of power generation units are connected with a power storage station in parallel; the geothermal dispatching station comprises a water tank; the wires of the multiple groups of power generation units are connected in parallel; the ground source heat pump is connected with the water tank, and the heat exchange pipeline starts from a hot water outlet of the water tank, sequentially bypasses each power generation unit in an S shape and then is connected to a backwater inlet of the water tank.
Preferably, the rigid material is stainless steel.
Preferably, the power generation system based on the frozen earth expansion further comprises a power storage station, and the wires of the plurality of groups of power generation units are electrically connected with the power storage station.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
The invention uses the expansion of frozen soil as the driving force and piezoelectric ceramics as the realization means of pressurized power generation, and has low cost, cleanness and environmental protection. The invention utilizes the cold area to divide the seasonal frozen soil widely, and effectively solves the problem of power shortage in winter in the frozen soil area.
Drawings
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and to specific examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power generation unit;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power generation unit including an energy storage tank;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a connection of a piezoelectric capsule to an energy storage tank;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a shallow geothermal power generation system based on frozen earth expansion;
The reference numerals are: 1. the system comprises a first rectangular cylinder, a first piston, a second piston, a third piston, a fourth piston, a piezoelectric box, a storage tank, a power generation unit, a power storage station, a ground source heat pump, a heat exchange pipeline and a ground heat dispatching station.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples, which are only for illustration of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, as will be understood by those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic structure of a power generation unit according to the present invention is shown. The power generation unit based on frozen soil expansion is arranged in frozen soil and comprises a piezoelectric box, wherein the piezoelectric box comprises a first rectangular cylinder body 1 and a first piston 2, wherein the first rectangular cylinder body is made of rigid materials and is provided with an upper opening, the upper end of the first piston 2 is provided with a pressing plate, and the lower end of the first piston is provided with a horizontal first piston bottom surface; the lower end of the first piston 2 is arranged in the first rectangular cylinder 1 and can move up and down along the axial direction of the first rectangular cylinder 1; a horizontal first elastic diaphragm 3 is arranged in the first rectangular cylinder body 1 between the bottom surface of the first piston and the bottom surface of the first rectangular cylinder body 1; a first closed cavity 4 is formed between the bottom surface of the first piston and the first elastic diaphragm 3, and a second closed cavity 5 is formed between the first elastic diaphragm 3 and the bottom surface of the first rectangular cylinder 1; an antifreezing solution is arranged in the first closed cavity 4, a plurality of groups of piezoelectric ceramic motors 6 are arranged in the antifreezing solution, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of each piezoelectric ceramic motor 6 are respectively provided with a lead extending out of the first closed cavity 4; a compressible gas is provided in the second closed chamber 5. Wherein the first rectangular cylinder 1 and the first piston 2 are made of stainless steel.
Embedding the piezoelectric box into frozen soil, when the temperature of frozen soil body is lower than 0 ℃, expanding the volume of frozen soil to squeeze the piezoelectric box, moving the first piston 2 downwards, increasing the pressure in the first closed cavity 4, compressing a plurality of groups of piezoelectric ceramic motors 6 in antifreeze fluid to generate electricity, converting a part of pressure into electric energy, and outputting the current through a lead; the pressure in the first closed cavity 4 is transmitted to the second closed cavity 5 through the first elastic diaphragm 3, the compressed volume of the compressible gas in the second closed cavity 5 is reduced, and when the pressure of the first closed cavity and the pressure of the second closed cavity are balanced, the piezoelectric ceramic motor stops generating electricity, so that the first-stage power generation is completed.
Further, a first pipeline is arranged on the side wall of the first rectangular cylinder body 1 corresponding to the first closed cavity 4 of the power generation unit based on frozen soil expansion, a valve 7 is arranged on the first pipeline, and the first pipeline is connected with one end of the valve (7) and further comprises an energy storage tank arranged in frozen soil. Referring to fig. 2, a schematic structure of a power generation unit including an energy storage tank is shown.
The tank comprises a second rectangular cylinder 8 and a second piston 9, each of which is made of rigid material and is open at the upper part; the upper end of the second piston 9 is provided with a pressing plate, and the lower end of the second piston 9 is provided with a horizontal second piston bottom surface; the lower end of the second piston 9 is arranged in the second rectangular cylinder 8 and can move up and down along the axial direction of the second rectangular cylinder 8; a horizontal second elastic diaphragm 10 is also arranged in the second rectangular cylinder 8 between the bottom surface of the second piston and the bottom surface of the second rectangular cylinder 8; a third closed cavity 11 is formed between the bottom surface of the second piston and the second elastic diaphragm 10, and a fourth closed cavity 12 is formed between the second elastic diaphragm and the bottom surface of the second rectangular cylinder 8; the third closed cavity is provided with compressible gas, and the fourth closed cavity is provided with antifreeze fluid; the fourth closed chamber 12 is also provided with a second conduit; the second pipe is in communication with the other end of the valve 7. Wherein the second rectangular cylinder 8 and the second piston 9 are made of stainless steel.
The piezoelectric box and the energy storage tank are embedded in frozen soil, when the temperature of frozen soil body is lower than 0 ℃, the frozen soil volume expands to squeeze the piezoelectric box and the energy storage tank, at the moment, the first piston 2 and the second piston 9 move downwards, the pressure in the first closed cavity 4 is increased, a plurality of groups of piezoelectric ceramic motors 6 in the antifreeze solution are subjected to pressure power generation, part of the pressure is converted into electric energy, the current is output through a lead, the pressure in the first closed cavity 4 is transmitted to the second closed cavity 5 through the first elastic diaphragm 3, and the compressed volume of compressible gas in the second closed cavity 5 is reduced; the pressure in the third closed cavity 11 increases, and the compressed volume of the compressible gas in the third closed cavity decreases; the pressure in the third closed chamber is transferred to the fourth closed chamber 12 through the second elastic diaphragm 10.
When the pressure of the first closed cavity 4 and the pressure of the second closed cavity 5 are balanced, the piezoelectric ceramic motor 6 stops generating electricity, and the first-stage power generation is completed. The partial pressure in the first closed cavity 4 is converted into electric energy to be output, at the moment, the pressure in the fourth closed cavity 12 is higher than that in the first closed cavity, the valve 7 is opened, and the valve 7 is controlled by a PLC switch arranged on the ground surface; the fourth closed cavity 12 is communicated with the first closed cavity 4, the pressure in the fourth closed cavity is transmitted to the first closed cavity through the antifreeze, and the piezoelectric ceramic motor 6 is pressed again to generate electricity; when the pressure in the four closed cavities reaches balance, the piezoelectric ceramic motor 6 stops generating electricity to finish the second-stage power generation, and the power generation unit does not output electric energy.
Further, the piezoelectric box of each power generation unit can be connected with a plurality of energy storage tanks for increasing the generated energy, and a connection schematic diagram of the piezoelectric box and the plurality of energy storage tanks is shown in fig. 3.
Referring to fig. 4, a schematic structural diagram of a shallow geothermal power generation system based on frozen earth expansion is shown. The power generation system based on frozen soil expansion comprises a plurality of groups of power generation units 15, a ground source heat pump 17, a heat exchange pipeline 18 and a geothermal dispatching station 19, wherein the geothermal dispatching station 19 comprises a water tank; the wires of the plurality of groups of power generation units 15 are connected in parallel; the ground source heat pump 17 is connected with the water tank, and the heat exchange pipeline 18 is connected to the backwater inlet of the water tank after sequentially bypassing each power generation unit in an S shape from the hot water outlet of the water tank. The ground source heat pump 17 is an efficient energy-saving air conditioning device utilizing shallow geothermal resources, and supplies heat by taking the shallow geothermal as a heat source for heat supply of the heat pump.
When the temperature of the frozen soil body is lower than 0 ℃, the volume of the frozen soil expands, and the power generation unit 15 generates power under pressure; after the power generation units 15 finish the first-stage power generation and the second-stage power generation, a ground source heat pump 17 is started, shallow heat energy collected by the ground source heat pump 17 is introduced into a geothermal dispatching station 19, a heat exchange pipeline 18 starts from a hot water outlet of a water tank of the geothermal dispatching station 19, sequentially bypasses each power generation unit 15 in an S shape and is then connected to a water return inlet of the water tank, and frozen soil around each power generation unit 15 is heated; when the temperature of the soil reaches above 0 ℃, the soil body is melted and contracted, the frost expansive force applied to the piezoelectric box and the energy storage tank is eliminated, the compressible gas in the second closed cavity 5 and the third closed cavity 11 of each power generation unit 15 is restored to the original volume, the four closed cavities are restored to the original state, the valve 17 is closed, and the primary power generation is finished. And then the ground source heat pump 17 is turned off, the soil temperature is gradually reduced, and when the soil temperature is lower than 0 ℃, the next power generation cycle is started. The plurality of valves 17 are controlled by PLC switches provided on the surface.
Further, the shallow geothermal power generation system based on frozen soil expansion further comprises a power storage station 16, and wires of the power generation units are electrically connected with the anode and the cathode of the power storage station and used for storing electric energy.
The invention uses the expansion of frozen soil as the driving force and piezoelectric ceramics as the realization means of pressurized power generation, and has low cost, cleanness and environmental protection. The invention utilizes the cold area to divide the seasonal frozen soil widely, and effectively solves the problem of power shortage in winter in the frozen soil area.
While the invention has been described in detail in this specification with reference to the general description and the specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (6)
1. The power generation unit based on frozen soil expansion is arranged in frozen soil and is characterized by comprising a piezoelectric box, wherein the piezoelectric box comprises a first rectangular cylinder body (1) and a first piston (2) which are respectively made of rigid materials and are provided with an upper opening, a pressing plate is arranged at the upper end of the first piston (2), and a horizontal first piston bottom surface is arranged at the lower end of the first piston; the lower end of the first piston (2) is arranged in the first rectangular cylinder (1) and can move up and down along the axial direction of the first rectangular cylinder (1); a horizontal first elastic diaphragm (3) is arranged inside the first rectangular cylinder (1) between the bottom surface of the first piston and the bottom surface of the first rectangular cylinder (1); a first closed cavity (4) is formed between the bottom surface of the first piston and the first elastic diaphragm (3), and a second closed cavity (5) is formed between the first elastic diaphragm (3) and the bottom surface of the first rectangular cylinder (1); an antifreezing solution is arranged in the first closed cavity (4), a plurality of groups of piezoelectric ceramic motors (6) are arranged in the antifreezing solution, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of each piezoelectric ceramic motor (6) are respectively provided with a lead extending out of the first closed cavity; the second closed cavity (5) is internally provided with compressible gas.
2. The power generation unit based on frozen soil expansion according to claim 1, wherein a first pipeline is arranged on the side wall of the first rectangular cylinder (1) corresponding to the first closed cavity (4), a valve (7) is arranged on the first pipeline, and the first pipeline is connected with one end of the valve (7) and further comprises an energy storage tank arranged in frozen soil;
The energy storage tank comprises a second rectangular cylinder (8) and a second piston (9) which are respectively made of rigid materials and are provided with an opening at the upper part; the upper end of the second piston (9) is provided with a pressing plate, and the lower end of the second piston is provided with a horizontal second piston bottom surface; the lower end of the second piston (9) is arranged in the second rectangular cylinder (8) and can move up and down along the axial direction of the second rectangular cylinder (8); a horizontal second elastic diaphragm (10) is arranged inside the second rectangular cylinder (8) between the bottom surface of the second piston and the bottom surface of the second rectangular cylinder (8); a third closed cavity (11) is formed between the bottom surface of the second piston and the second elastic diaphragm (10), and a fourth closed cavity (12) is formed between the second elastic diaphragm and the bottom surface of the second rectangular cylinder (8); the third closed cavity is provided with compressible gas, and the fourth closed cavity is provided with antifreeze fluid; the fourth closed cavity (12) is also provided with a second pipeline; the second pipeline is communicated with the other end of the valve (7).
3. The power generation unit based on the expansion of frozen earth according to claim 2, characterized in that each power generation unit comprises a piezoelectric capsule (13) and a plurality of energy storage tanks (14) connected to the piezoelectric capsule.
4. A frozen earth expansion based power generating unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the rigid material is stainless steel.
5. A power generation system based on frozen earth expansion, characterized by comprising a plurality of sets of power generation units (15) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, a ground source heat pump (17), heat exchange pipes (18) and a geothermal dispatcher station (19), the geothermal dispatcher station (19) comprising a water tank; the wires of the multiple groups of power generation units are connected in parallel; the ground source heat pump (17) is connected with the water tank, and the heat exchange pipeline (18) starts from a hot water outlet of the water tank, sequentially bypasses each power generation unit in an S shape and is connected to a backwater inlet of the water tank.
6. The frozen earth expanded power generation system according to claim 5, further comprising a power storage station (16), the wires of the plurality of groups of power generation units (15) being electrically connected to the power storage station (16).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210598431.7A CN115182859B (en) | 2022-05-30 | 2022-05-30 | Power generation unit and power generation system based on frozen soil expansion |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210598431.7A CN115182859B (en) | 2022-05-30 | 2022-05-30 | Power generation unit and power generation system based on frozen soil expansion |
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| CN115182859A CN115182859A (en) | 2022-10-14 |
| CN115182859B true CN115182859B (en) | 2024-04-26 |
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