DE4306165C1 - method of disposing of explosives - ignites charges at base of combustion reactors linked to common exhaust gas system with control to give optimum gas cleaning - Google Patents

Abstract

At least one explosive material is carried in pans (12,13) in defined charges for insertion in a defined time pattern into at least two separate combustion reactors (2,3) with a common exhaust gas system (14). Each has an ignition burner (6,7), with or without a controlled feed (8,9) for an oxidising gas. The charge vols., cycle times and the gas feed are controlled so that the charges are burned in succession with an overlap to give a constant exhaust gas vol. flow. The assembly has at least two combustion reactors with base charging. Their combustion chambers (4,5) extend vertically upwards to a common exhaust gas system. USE/ADVANTAGE - Especially for propellant powder, but also other explosives. The method gives an economic and safe disposal of explosives, with an optimum exhaust gas cleaning.

Description

The invention relates to a method for the disposal of explosives with high burning rate, according to the preamble of the patent pronoun 1, as well as a plant for the implementation of this procedure.

Burning explosives largely in relation to the environment partitionable ovens with subsequent cleaning of the exhaust gases is a be known disposal method. However, with this type of Ent disposal problems when explosives are burning at high speed are to be treated. Such explosives are in particular propellant dungspulver but also certain explosives, such as. B. Hexogen and octo The main problem with these is the strong flame duck winding (meter-high flashes) as well as the release of large amounts of exhaust gas short periods of time, with the latter greatly increasing exhaust gas purification sword.

EP-OS 0 492 423 describes a method for the combustion of explosives known substances, which with a closed furnace with at least three similar reaction zones works. Each zone has an ignition burner and a supply line for oxidizing gas.

DE-PS 40 41 744 by the same patent owner / applicant describes the provided for this process furnace (reactor), in which the one individual reaction zones, for example, by means of armored chain curtains are divided. The explosives are clocked on separate cas set retracted in the oven and can in the individual reaction can be ignited and burned independently. Through time Staggered ignition and burning can be a certain mini achieve and equalize the exhaust gas flow. As in has shown practical trials, this method works everyone However, only with explosives with a relatively low burn-up speed and moderate flame development. In experiments with propellant charge  was created by the resulting flame and the strong gas flow suddenly ignited the entire furnace contents. The pan chain curtains or other separators were completely effective and useless.

From DE-PS 41 21 133 is a method for burning off explosives substances known in which the explosives in at least one reactor burned down, and the smoke gases generated with fresh air fed in blended and the combustion chamber of a furnace for the combustion of Fuels are supplied.

If there are two or more reactors, these can be considered the gas flow can be connected in parallel or in series.

With parallel connection, there is the possibility of one or more reaks to load gates while the others are in operation. There this means that longer breaks in operation can be avoided.

This option is not possible with series connection.

The principle described is based on the presence of another furnace bound and therefore only meaningful under this condition reversible. So much fresh air must be added to the flue gases that the resulting mixed gas as an oxidizer for the downstream fire tion system is usable. The exhaust gases that ultimately arise are pre their emission cleaned.

In view of the known solutions, the object of the invention is there rin, a process for the disposal of explosives with high burn-up closed combustion with subsequent exhaust gas to indicate cleaning, which ar economical, reliable and safe processed and enables optimal exhaust gas purification, as well as in one To provide plant for performing this method.  

This task is performed on the procedural side by the in the characterizing part of claim 1 mentioned features, device side by the in characterizing part of claim 3 resolved characteristics.

At least two separate combustion reactors are according to the invention present, to whom the explosive or several different types Explosives are fed intermittently. The batch quantities, cycle time ten, ignition processes, etc. are controlled so that the batches essentially Burn one by one. Certain temporal overlaps The burns are deliberate in the form that the subsequent batch inflamed while the previous one goes out. The fumes from all cremations tion reactors are brought together, so that in connection with the before features mentioned an exhaust gas flow with minimal throughput fluctuations arise, which for effective cleaning with minimum effort is optimal. The method of operation according to the invention the system could therefore be described as quasi-continuous.

The combustion reactors themselves work with floor loading and white in view of the strong flame development at high gas speeds abilities mainly in the vertical direction - with adapt ter length - extending combustion chamber.

The sub-claims 2 and 4 to 8 contain advantageous Ausgestaltun gene of the method according to claim 1 and the system  Claim 3.

The invention will become more apparent from the drawings explained. The following are shown in a schematic representation:

Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section through two exhaust-technically coupled combustion reactors,

Fig. 2 is a diagram with the time course of the exhaust gas volume flow.

The system 1 comprises at least two combustion reactors 2 and 3 , which are connected to a common exhaust system 14 with exhaust gas purification (not shown). The combustion reactors 2 , 3 have vertical, elongated combustion chambers 4 , 5 , which can also absorb high flashes of flame. The combustion reactors 2 , 3 are fed through their open bottom shafts, the shells 12 , 13 with explosive forming the bottom closures during the combustion cycles. The combustion reactors can of course also be closed at the bottom, the shells being fed in and out via lock-like devices.

For the targeted ignition of the explosive batches, pilot burners 6 , 7 are installed, the flames of which are directed at the surfaces of the shell contents. If the explosives themselves contain too little oxidizer for rapid and complete combustion, metered air or other oxidizing gases can be blown in via feed lines 8 , 9 with the aid of blowers 10 , 11 . To a certain extent, the chronological sequence of the method is also indicated in FIG. 1. While the explosive charge in combustion reactor 3 has already been largely consumed and is about to go out, the charge in combustion reactor 2 is just being ignited.

The principle of the method can be seen even more clearly from FIG. 2, represented as a diagram. The time t is plotted in the direction of the abscissa, and the exhaust gas volume flow V in the direction of the ordinate. The Roman numerals I to IV denote four combustion cycles, which — for the most part — are carried out in succession in the two or more combustion reactors. The frustoconical, solid lines represent - greatly simplified - the exhaust gas volume flow for each individual cycle, with the straight section rising to the right marking the ignition process, the horizontal straight section marking the actual burn-up and the straight section falling to the right marking the process of extinction. Due to the temporal overlap ü between the successive combustion cycles (e.g. I and II), the entire resulting exhaust gas flow remains largely constant, which is indicated by the dashed, horizontal line.

In reality, of course, the situation is not quite so simple and ideal, but the exhaust gas cleaning is by Uniformization of the exhaust gas flow much more effective and less expensive than with known methods. Through the closed Combustion with supply of oxidant gas, if necessary, becomes the amount of exhaust gas also minimized.

The invention is suitable for the disposal of high explosives Burning rate, such as B. propellant powder or Explosives such as hexogen and octogen. Due to the intermittent supply multiple combustion reactors can also be different Explosives are disposed of in one process. The Exhaust gas flows can then, for. B. adjusted over the respective batch size become.

Claims (8)

1. Process for the disposal of explosives with high burn-off speed, in particular propellant powder, by controlled closed combustion with subsequent cleaning of the resulting exhaust gases, characterized in that at least one explosive in defined batches by means of the shells ( 12 , 13 ) at least two separate combustion reactors ( 2 , 3 ) with a common exhaust system ( 14 ) supplied at a defined time, ignited in this by means of pilot burners ( 6 , 7 ) and burned with or without a controlled supply of an oxidizing gas via the feed lines ( 8 , 9 ), the batch quantities, the cycle times and the ignition processes alone or in connection with the Gaszu drove are controlled so that the batches burn with a certain overlap (ü) largely in succession, a largely constant exhaust gas volume flow (V) is obtained. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the Ab gas volume flow (V) measured continuously or at short intervals and that the measured values for the control of the production and consumption cycles are used. 3. Plant for carrying out the method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the plant consists of at least two combus tion reactors ( 2 , 3 ) with floor loading, which extends largely in the vertical direction combustion chamber ( 4 , 5 ) and a have common exhaust system ( 14 ). 4. Plant according to claim 3, characterized in that each Ver combustion reactor ( 2 , 3 ) at least one pilot burner ( 6 , 7 ) and at least one supply line ( 8 , 9 ) for the controlled injection of air and / or an oxidizing gas, in particular Has oxygen, by means of a blower ( 10 , 11 ). 5. Plant according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the lines of the exhaust system ( 14 ) are designed to dampen reaction-related pressure fluctuations large volume. 6. Plant according to one or more of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the supply of the explosive to the combus tion reactors ( 2 , 3 ) via a conveyor system with separate shells ( 12 , 13 ). 7. Installation according to claim 6, characterized in that the shells used for the supply of the explosive ( 12 , 13 ) form the sealing bottom of the open combustion reactors ( 2 , 3 ) during the combustion process. 8. Plant according to claim 6, characterized in that the Ver combustion reactors ( 2 , 3 ) each have a lock system for the supply and discharge of the shells ( 12 , 13 ) with explosive.