DE4234277A1 - Magnetic accelerometer and displacement sensor - uses concentric, cylindrical magnets with central Hall sensor giving continued read=out after first displacement - Google Patents

Magnetic accelerometer and displacement sensor - uses concentric, cylindrical magnets with central Hall sensor giving continued read=out after first displacement

Info

Publication number
DE4234277A1
DE4234277A1 DE19924234277 DE4234277A DE4234277A1 DE 4234277 A1 DE4234277 A1 DE 4234277A1 DE 19924234277 DE19924234277 DE 19924234277 DE 4234277 A DE4234277 A DE 4234277A DE 4234277 A1 DE4234277 A1 DE 4234277A1
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
sensor
displacement
magnetic
sensor according
magnetic field
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
DE19924234277
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German (de)
Inventor
Dietrich Steingroever
Erich Dr Steingroever
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Magnet Physik Dr Steingroever GmbH
Original Assignee
Magnet Physik Dr Steingroever GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Magnet Physik Dr Steingroever GmbH filed Critical Magnet Physik Dr Steingroever GmbH
Priority to DE19924234277 priority Critical patent/DE4234277A1/en
Publication of DE4234277A1 publication Critical patent/DE4234277A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P15/00—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
    • G01P15/02—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses
    • G01P15/08—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses with conversion into electric or magnetic values
    • G01P15/105—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses with conversion into electric or magnetic values by magnetically sensitive devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
    • G01C9/10—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels by using rolling bodies, e.g. spheres, cylinders, mercury droplets
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/142—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices
    • G01D5/145—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices influenced by the relative movement between the Hall device and magnetic fields
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/20—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature
    • G01D5/2006—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature by influencing the self-induction of one or more coils
    • G01D5/2033—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature by influencing the self-induction of one or more coils controlling the saturation of a magnetic circuit by means of a movable element, e.g. a magnet
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P1/00—Details of instruments
    • G01P1/003—Details of instruments used for damping
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
    • G01C9/02—Details
    • G01C9/06—Electric or photoelectric indication or reading means
    • G01C2009/064—Electric or photoelectric indication or reading means inductive

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Switches Operated By Changes In Physical Conditions (AREA)

Abstract

The sensor consists of concentric cylinders of magnetic material (1,2) magnetised axially in the same direction (N) with end caps (3,4). An inner cylinder (2) is free to move with low resistance radially. A magnetic field sensor (5) is a Hall-effect probe, flux coil or similar device generating an electrical signal on a line (6). By a lateral displacement of the sensor, the inner ring moves, causing a change in the magnetic field at the sensor (5) and resulting in a signal being generated. USE/ADVANTAGE - Motor vehicle accelerometers and sensors for triggering air-bags, electrical cut-offs etc., replacing steel ball sensor devices. Provides continuous read-out after first displacement, unlike steel ball sensor.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft Beschleunigungs- und insbesondere Verzögerungssensoren, die z. B. in Kraftfahrzeugen zum Auslösen von Sicherheitsvorrichtungen dienen. Das können Luftpolster (Airbag) für den Fahrersitz sein, aber auch Türentriegelungen, Sicherheitsschalter für den elektrischen Stromkreis usw. Bekannte Sensoren für diese Zwecke besitzen eine kleine Stahlkugel, die von einem Dauermagneten in einer Ruhestellung gehalten wird und bei einer plötzlichen Verzögerung beim Aufprall des Fahrzeuges aus der Ruhestellung losgerissen wird und einen Kontakt schließt. Diese haben den Nachteil, daß nur ein fester Grenzwert für die Beschleunigung gemeldet wird.The invention relates to acceleration and in particular deceleration sensors, the z. B. in motor vehicles to trigger Safety devices serve. What air cushions can do be for the driver's seat, but also door releases, safety switches for the electrical circuit etc. Known Sensors for this purpose have a small steel ball that is held in a rest position by a permanent magnet and in the event of a sudden delay in the impact of the vehicle is torn from the rest position and a contact closes. These have the disadvantage that only a fixed limit for acceleration is reported.

Der magnetische Beschleunigungs- und Verzögerungssensor nach der Erfindung bietet die Möglichkeit, kontinuierlich Beschleunigung bzw. Verzögerung zu melden, so daß für verschiedene Anwendungen jeweils günstige Werte der Anzeige bzw. des Ansprechens gewählt werden können.The magnetic acceleration and deceleration sensor after the Invention offers the possibility of continuous acceleration or delay to report, so that for different applications Favorable values of the display or the response selected can be.

Ein magnetischer Beschleunigungs- und Verzögerungsschalter nach der Erfindung ist durch die Merkmale des Hauptanspruches gekennzeichnet. Ausführungsbeispiele sind in Fig. 1-7 im Schnitt dargestellt. A magnetic acceleration and deceleration switch according to the invention is characterized by the features of the main claim. Exemplary embodiments are shown in section in FIGS. 1-7.

Fig. 1 zeigt einen Sensor zwei konzentrisch angeordnete Dauermagnet­ ringe 1 und 2, die beide in axialer Richtung magnetisiert sind. Ihre Pole sind N und S. Die beiden Ringe sind mit Deckplatten 3 und 4 versehen, die auf dem äußeren Ring 1 aufliegen, während der innere Ring 2 zwischen ihnen leicht verschieblich ist. Durch die Abstoßung der gleichnamigen Pole wird er genau mittig zu dem äußeren Ring 1 gehalten. 5 ist ein magnetfeldempfindliches-Element, das ein elektrisches Signal abgibt, das über die Leitung 6 nach außen abgeleitet wird. Fig. 1 shows a sensor two concentrically arranged permanent magnet rings 1 and 2 , both of which are magnetized in the axial direction. Their poles are N and S. The two rings are provided with cover plates 3 and 4 , which rest on the outer ring 1 , while the inner ring 2 is easily displaceable between them. By repelling the poles of the same name, it is held exactly in the center of the outer ring 1 . 5 is a magnetic field-sensitive element that emits an electrical signal that is dissipated to the outside via line 6 .

Fig. 2 zeigt die Lage der beiden Magnetringe zueinander bei einem Stoß in Pfeilrichtung 7: der innere Magnet 2 ist gegen den äußeren 1 verschoben, so daß das magnetfeld-empfindliche Element 5 ein anderes Signal auf die Leitung 6 gibt, wodurch die entsprechenden Vorgänge ausgelöst werden. Fig. 2 shows the position of the two magnetic rings in relation to one another in the event of an impact in the direction of arrow 7 : the inner magnet 2 is displaced against the outer 1 , so that the magnetic field-sensitive element 5 gives a different signal to the line 6 , which triggers the corresponding processes will.

Als feldempfindliche Elemente können Hallsonden, Feldplatten, Magnetfluß-Meßspulen oder auch der bewegliche Anker eines Relais dienen.Hall sensors, field plates, Magnetic flux measuring coils or the movable armature of a relay to serve.

In Fig. 3 wird die Meldung der Verschiebung des inneren zum äußeren Magnetring mit einer Meßspule 8 gezeigt, in der bei der Bewegung des inneren Ringes eine Spannung erzeugt wird, die über die Signalleitung 6 ausgegeben wird und in bekannter Weise mit einem elektronischen Schalter, gegebenenfalls nach Integration mit einem Fluxmeter, ausgewertet werden kann. In Fig. 3 the message of the displacement of the inner to the outer magnetic ring is shown with a measuring coil 8 , in which a voltage is generated during the movement of the inner ring, which is output via the signal line 6 and in a known manner with an electronic switch, if necessary after integration with a flux meter, can be evaluated.

Fig. 4 zeigt einen erfindungsgemäßen Sensor nach Fig. 3 unter der Wirkung eines mechanischen Stoßes in Pfeilrichtung 7. In Ruhestellung war der innere Magnetring 2 durch die abstoßenden Kräfte in der Mitte des Ringes 1 gehalten. Seine Bewegung aus der Mitte heraus induziert in der Spule 8 ein Signal auf die Leitung 6. FIG. 4 shows a sensor according to the invention according to FIG. 3 under the action of a mechanical shock in the direction of arrow 7 . In the rest position, the inner magnetic ring 2 was held in the middle of the ring 1 by the repulsive forces. Its movement from the center induces a signal on line 6 in coil 8 .

In Fig. 5 ist eine Platte aus elektrisch gut leitendem Werkstoff z. B. Kupfer oder Aluminium, in der bei der Bewegung des inneren Ringes 2 Wirbelströme erzeugt werden, welche die Bewegung dieses Ringes dämpfen können.In Fig. 5 is a plate made of electrically highly conductive material such. B. copper or aluminum, in the movement of the inner ring 2 eddy currents are generated, which can dampen the movement of this ring.

Fig. 6 zeigt eine magnetische Abschirmung des erfindungsgemäßen Sensors durch eine Kapsel 10 aus magnetisch gut leitendem Werkstoff, z. B. Weicheisen. Fig. 6 shows a magnetic shield of the sensor according to the invention by a capsule 10 made of magnetically good conductive material, for. B. soft iron.

Fig. 7 ist ein erfindungsgemäßer Sensor nach Anspruch 3 mit einem zylindrischen, hervorgehenden Magneten 11 dargestellt. Das magnetfeldempfindliche-Element 12 ist über seine Mitte in der Deckplatte angeordnet. Fig. 7 is an inventive sensor according to claim 3 with a cylindrical, emerging magnet 11 is shown. The magnetic field sensitive element 12 is arranged over its center in the cover plate.

Die Magnetringe für den erfindungsgemäßen Sensor können aus dem bekannten Werkstoffen AlNiCo, Ferrit oder aus Seltenerd-Legierungen bestehen. The magnetic rings for the sensor according to the invention can be obtained from the known materials AlNiCo, ferrite or from rare earth alloys consist.  

Der erfindungsgemäße Sensor ergibt ein Meßsignal, das kontinuierlich von der Beschleunigung bzw. Verzögerung abhängt. Daraus folgt die Möglichkeit, seine Empfindlichkeit in der nachfolgenden Auswerte-Schaltung den jeweiligen Erfordernissen anzupassen. Er erlaubt auch die Verwendung als Neigungsmesser, wenn der innere Magnet durch die Schwerkraft aus seiner Ruhelage verschoben wird. Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Sensor können sowohl der innere oder auch der äußere Magnet als bewegliche Masse ausgebildet sein.The sensor according to the invention produces a measurement signal that is continuous depends on the acceleration or deceleration. Out of it follows the possibility of its sensitivity in the following Adapt the evaluation circuit to the respective requirements. It also allows use as an inclinometer when the inside Magnet moved from its rest position by gravity becomes. In the sensor according to the invention, both the inner or the outer magnet can be designed as a movable mass.

Claims (8)

1. Magnetischer Beschleunigungs- und Verzögerungssensor, gekennzeichnet durch einen äußeren Magnetring und einem konzentrisch dazu liegenden Magneten, die axial und gleichpolig magnetisiert und gegeneinander radial beweglich sind.1. Magnetic acceleration and deceleration sensor, characterized by an outer magnetic ring and a concentric magnet, which are magnetized axially and with the same polarity and are radially movable relative to each other. 2. Magnetischer Beschleunigungs- und Verzögerungssensor nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der innnere Magnet ringförmig ist.2. Magnetic acceleration and deceleration sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner magnet is annular is. 3. Magnetischer Beschleunigungs- und Verzögerungssensor nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der innere Magnet zylindrisch ist.3. Magnetic acceleration and deceleration sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner magnet is cylindrical is. 4. Sensor nach Anspruch 2, gekennzeichnet durch ein magnetfeld- empfindliches Element, das im Inneren der beiden Ringe oder über ihren Stirnflächen angeordnet ist.4. Sensor according to claim 2, characterized by a magnetic field delicate element that is inside the two rings or is arranged over their end faces. 5. Sensor nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als magnetfeldempfindliche Elemente Hallsonden, Feldplatten oder Fluß-Spulen verwendet sind.5. Sensor according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that as magnetic field sensitive elements Hall probes, field plates or River coils are used. 6. Sensor nach Anspruch 1 bis 3, gekennzeichnet durch ein Dämpfungs-Element aus elektrisch gut leitendem Werkstoff.6. Sensor according to claim 1 to 3, characterized by a damping element made of electrically good conductive material. 7. Sensor nach Anspruch 1 bis 4, gekennzeichnet durch eine Abschirmung aus magnetisch gut leitendem Werkstoff.7. Sensor according to claim 1 to 4, characterized by a shield magnetically good conductive material. 8. Sensor nach Anspruch 1 bis 7, gekennzeichnet durch die Verwendung als Neigungsmesser.8. Sensor according to claim 1 to 7, characterized by the use as Inclinometer.
DE19924234277 1992-10-10 1992-10-10 Magnetic accelerometer and displacement sensor - uses concentric, cylindrical magnets with central Hall sensor giving continued read=out after first displacement Ceased DE4234277A1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19924234277 DE4234277A1 (en) 1992-10-10 1992-10-10 Magnetic accelerometer and displacement sensor - uses concentric, cylindrical magnets with central Hall sensor giving continued read=out after first displacement

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19924234277 DE4234277A1 (en) 1992-10-10 1992-10-10 Magnetic accelerometer and displacement sensor - uses concentric, cylindrical magnets with central Hall sensor giving continued read=out after first displacement

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DE4234277A1 true DE4234277A1 (en) 1994-04-14

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003056303A1 (en) * 2001-12-21 2003-07-10 Agfa Ndt Gmbh Hardness measuring device comprising a housing and a penetration body, in particular a manual device
US7859253B2 (en) 2007-06-29 2010-12-28 Melexis Tessenderlo Nv Magnetic structure for detecting a relative motion between the magnetic structure and a magnetic field sensor

Citations (17)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1048713B (en) *
SU458765A1 (en) * 1973-05-29 1975-01-30 Уфимский авиационный институт им.Серго Орджоникидзе Linear acceleration measurement transducer
US4044473A (en) * 1974-02-25 1977-08-30 Hydril Company Tilt detector and system
DE2914321A1 (en) * 1978-04-10 1979-10-11 Secoh Giken Kk Inclinometer with magnetic damping - has metal armature attached to pendulum pointer moving in magnetic field
DE2933557A1 (en) * 1979-08-18 1981-02-26 Bosch Gmbh Robert DEVICE FOR CONTACTLESS TRAVEL OR SPEED MEASUREMENT
US4375727A (en) * 1979-06-29 1983-03-08 Litton Systems, Inc. Cant angle sensor assembly
CH652496A5 (en) * 1979-11-14 1985-11-15 Festo Maschf Stoll G Integrated position sensor at an actuator cylinder
DE3511782A1 (en) * 1985-03-30 1986-10-02 Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Piston position transmitter
US4639563A (en) * 1983-10-21 1987-01-27 W. Gunther Gmbh Acceleration and deceleration sensor
EP0238922A1 (en) * 1986-03-27 1987-09-30 Vacuumschmelze GmbH Magnetic position sensor
US4700479A (en) * 1985-09-02 1987-10-20 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Cant angle sensor assembly
US4803426A (en) * 1986-07-21 1989-02-07 Tdk Corporation Magnetic tilt sensor
DE3804032A1 (en) * 1988-02-10 1989-08-24 Edmund Zottnik Method and device for measuring acceleration
DE3809887A1 (en) * 1988-03-24 1989-10-05 Teves Gmbh Alfred Sensor for measuring mechanical motion quantities
DE3828307A1 (en) * 1988-08-20 1990-03-01 Bosch Gmbh Robert ACCELERATION SENSOR
EP0386360A2 (en) * 1989-03-09 1990-09-12 Automotive Systems Laboratory Inc. Temperature-compensating accelerometer
US4991301A (en) * 1987-02-27 1991-02-12 Radiodetection Limited Inductive displacement sensors

Patent Citations (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1048713B (en) *
SU458765A1 (en) * 1973-05-29 1975-01-30 Уфимский авиационный институт им.Серго Орджоникидзе Linear acceleration measurement transducer
US4044473A (en) * 1974-02-25 1977-08-30 Hydril Company Tilt detector and system
DE2914321A1 (en) * 1978-04-10 1979-10-11 Secoh Giken Kk Inclinometer with magnetic damping - has metal armature attached to pendulum pointer moving in magnetic field
US4375727A (en) * 1979-06-29 1983-03-08 Litton Systems, Inc. Cant angle sensor assembly
DE2933557A1 (en) * 1979-08-18 1981-02-26 Bosch Gmbh Robert DEVICE FOR CONTACTLESS TRAVEL OR SPEED MEASUREMENT
CH652496A5 (en) * 1979-11-14 1985-11-15 Festo Maschf Stoll G Integrated position sensor at an actuator cylinder
US4639563A (en) * 1983-10-21 1987-01-27 W. Gunther Gmbh Acceleration and deceleration sensor
DE3511782A1 (en) * 1985-03-30 1986-10-02 Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Piston position transmitter
US4700479A (en) * 1985-09-02 1987-10-20 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Cant angle sensor assembly
EP0238922A1 (en) * 1986-03-27 1987-09-30 Vacuumschmelze GmbH Magnetic position sensor
US4803426A (en) * 1986-07-21 1989-02-07 Tdk Corporation Magnetic tilt sensor
US4991301A (en) * 1987-02-27 1991-02-12 Radiodetection Limited Inductive displacement sensors
DE3804032A1 (en) * 1988-02-10 1989-08-24 Edmund Zottnik Method and device for measuring acceleration
DE3809887A1 (en) * 1988-03-24 1989-10-05 Teves Gmbh Alfred Sensor for measuring mechanical motion quantities
DE3828307A1 (en) * 1988-08-20 1990-03-01 Bosch Gmbh Robert ACCELERATION SENSOR
EP0386360A2 (en) * 1989-03-09 1990-09-12 Automotive Systems Laboratory Inc. Temperature-compensating accelerometer

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003056303A1 (en) * 2001-12-21 2003-07-10 Agfa Ndt Gmbh Hardness measuring device comprising a housing and a penetration body, in particular a manual device
US7859253B2 (en) 2007-06-29 2010-12-28 Melexis Tessenderlo Nv Magnetic structure for detecting a relative motion between the magnetic structure and a magnetic field sensor

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