DE4208355A1 - Rubbish incinerator gas treatment - uses added hydrochloric acid gas at incineration to give improved mercury extraction at the washing stage - Google Patents
Rubbish incinerator gas treatment - uses added hydrochloric acid gas at incineration to give improved mercury extraction at the washing stageInfo
- Publication number
- DE4208355A1 DE4208355A1 DE4208355A DE4208355A DE4208355A1 DE 4208355 A1 DE4208355 A1 DE 4208355A1 DE 4208355 A DE4208355 A DE 4208355A DE 4208355 A DE4208355 A DE 4208355A DE 4208355 A1 DE4208355 A1 DE 4208355A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- mercury
- hydrochloric acid
- exhaust gas
- hydrogen chloride
- incineration
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/68—Halogens or halogen compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
- B01D53/507—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with other liquids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/64—Heavy metals or compounds thereof, e.g. mercury
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/006—Layout of treatment plant
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J7/00—Arrangement of devices for supplying chemicals to fire
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/18—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the purification of gaseous effluents
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
- F23J2215/30—Halogen; Compounds thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
- F23J2215/60—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
- F23J2219/40—Sorption with wet devices, e.g. scrubbers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Behandlung von zumindest Schwefeldioxid, Chlorwasserstoff und Quecksilber enthaltenden Abgas aus einer Verbrennung, insbesondere aus der Verbrennung von Abfall, bei dem das Abgas entstaubt und mit einer salzsauren Waschlösung behandelt wird und das Quecksilber vorzugsweise durch Sulfidfällung aus der Waschlösung entfernt wird.The invention relates to a method for the treatment of at least sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride and mercury containing exhaust gas from a combustion, in particular from the incineration of waste, in which the exhaust gas is dedusted and is treated with a hydrochloric acid washing solution and that Mercury preferably by sulfide precipitation from the Washing solution is removed.
Bei einem derartigen Verfahren läßt sich Quecksilber, das in der Form von gut wasserlöslichem Quecksilberchlorid vorliegt, aus dem Abgas durch Waschen entfernen. Wenn die Chlorwasserstoffkonzentration bei der Verbrennung für die Einbindung des vorhandenen Quecksilbers in Quecksilberchlorid nicht ausreicht, kann in dem Abgas auch nicht auswaschbares Quecksilber vorliegen, insbesondere bei der Klärschlammverbrennung wird die HCl-Konzentration nicht immer sicher erreicht.With such a method, mercury, the in the form of readily water-soluble mercury chloride remove from the exhaust gas by washing. If the Hydrogen chloride concentration during combustion for the Integration of the existing mercury in Mercury chloride is not sufficient, can also be in the exhaust gas mercury that cannot be washed out, especially in the case of the sludge incineration does not become the HCl concentration always reached safely.
Es ist daher die Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein gattungsgemäßes Verfahren anzugeben, bei dem die Abscheidung von Quecksilber aus dem Abgas einer Verbrennung verbessert ist.It is therefore the object of the invention, a generic Specify the process whereby the deposition of Mercury from the exhaust of a combustion is improved.
Die Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß der Verbrennung zusätzlich Chlorwasserstoff zugegeben wird. The object is achieved in that the combustion additional hydrogen chloride is added.
Durch die zusätzliche Zugabe von Chlorwasserstoff zur Verbrennung wird nicht als Quecksilberchlorid vorliegendes Quecksilber sicher in gut wasserlösliches Quecksilberchlorid überführt und kann als solches aus dem Abgas ausgewaschen werden.Through the additional addition of hydrogen chloride Combustion is not present as mercury chloride Mercury safely in water-soluble Mercury chloride is transferred and as such can be extracted from the Exhaust gas to be washed out.
Es hat sich bei Versuchen zur Verbrennung von Klärschlamm in einer Wirbelschicht überraschend gezeigt, daß die günstigsten Bedingungen für die Überführung des Quecksilbers in Quecksilberchlorid bei der Verbrennung selbst vorliegen. Die Zugabe von HCl erfolgt vorzugsweise im Brennraum der Verbrennung bei einer Temperatur von 800-850°C.It has been tried to burn sewage sludge surprisingly shown in a fluidized bed that the most favorable conditions for the transfer of the Mercury in mercury chloride when burned yourself. HCl is preferably added in the combustion chamber of the combustion at a temperature of 800-850 ° C.
Durch die geregelte Zugabe der Chlorwasserstoffmenge in Abhängigkeit vom Chlorwasserstoffgehalt des Abgases vor dessen Wäsche wird eine verfahrenstechnische Verbesserung erreicht.By the controlled addition of the amount of hydrogen chloride in Dependence on the hydrogen chloride content of the exhaust gas its washing becomes a procedural improvement reached.
Von besonderem Vorteil ist es, daß die Zugabe von Chlorwasserstoff so geregelt ist, daß der Chlorwasserstoffgehalt des Abgases vor der Wäsche mindestens 50 mg/Nm3 erreicht. Es wird vorzugsweise ein Chlorwasserstoffgehalt von 50-80 mg/Nm3 angestrebt. Bei dieser Betriebsweise ist sichergestellt, daß das gewaschene Abgas weitgehend quecksilberfrei vorliegt.It is particularly advantageous that the addition of hydrogen chloride is regulated so that the hydrogen chloride content of the exhaust gas reaches at least 50 mg / Nm 3 before washing. A hydrogen chloride content of 50-80 mg / Nm 3 is preferably aimed for. This mode of operation ensures that the scrubbed exhaust gas is largely free of mercury.
Es ist weiterhin von Vorteil, daß der Waschlösung ein Oxidationsmittel, vorzugsweise Wasserstoffsuperoxid zugegeben wird. Die Zugabe des Oxidationsmittels erfolgt, weil bei den herrschenden Betriebsbedingungen der Wäsche mit einer salzsauren Waschlösung gleichzeitig auch eine nennenswerte Schwefeldioxid-Absorption stattfinden würde. Die Zugabe des Oxidationsmittels, insbesondere des Wasserstoffsuperoxids senkt das Reduktionspotential von Schwefeldioxid. Somit wird vermieden, daß Schwefeldioxid vorhandenes Quecksilberchlorid (HgCl2) zu elementarem Quecksilber reduziert. Elementares Quecksilber kann so gut wie nicht mit einer wäßrigen Lösung aus dem Abgas ausgewaschen werden.It is furthermore advantageous that an oxidizing agent, preferably hydrogen superoxide, is added to the washing solution. The oxidizing agent is added because, under the prevailing operating conditions of the laundry with a hydrochloric acid washing solution, a significant absorption of sulfur dioxide would also take place. The addition of the oxidizing agent, in particular the hydrogen superoxide, lowers the reduction potential of sulfur dioxide. This prevents sulfur dioxide from reducing mercury chloride (HgCl 2 ) to elemental mercury. Elemental mercury can hardly be washed out of the exhaust gas with an aqueous solution.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren wird anhand der beigefügten Figur, die ein Blockschaltbild zeigt, näher erläutert.The method according to the invention is illustrated in the attached Figure, which shows a block diagram, explained in more detail.
Ein bei der Verbrennung von Klärschlamm in einer Wirbelschicht 1 anfallendes Schwefeldioxid, Chlorwasserstoff und Quecksilber enthaltendes Abgas 2 wird in einer Staubabscheidevorrichtung 3, beispielsweise ein Elektrofilter, entstaubt und einer Wäsche 4 mit einer im Kreislauf geführten sauren Waschlösung 5 zugeführt. Beim Waschen 4 wird aus dem Abgas 2 das Quecksilber, das als gut wasserlösliches Quecksilberchlorid (HgCl2) gebunden vorliegt, entfernt. Das Quecksilberchlorid wird anschließend aufgrund des hohen Chloridgehaltes der sauren Waschlösung in einer Komplexierungsreaktion in das noch mehrfach besser lösliche Chlorokomplexionen, wie z. B. (HgCl4)2- überführt. Aus der Waschlösung 5 wird in einer nachgeschalteten Sulfidfällung 6 das Quecksilber in eine wasserunlösliche Sulfidverbindung 7 überführt und wird abgezogen. Der Sulfidfällung 7 wird ein entsprechendes Fällungsmittel 7a zugegeben.A waste gas 2 which contains sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride and mercury during the combustion of sewage sludge in a fluidized bed 1 is dedusted in a dust separation device 3 , for example an electrostatic filter, and fed to a laundry 4 with a circulating acidic washing solution 5 . During washing 4 , the mercury, which is bound as readily water-soluble mercury chloride (HgCl 2 ), is removed from the waste gas 2 . The mercury chloride is then due to the high chloride content of the acidic wash solution in a complexation reaction in the chloro complex ions, which are even more soluble, such as. B. (HgCl 4 ) 2- transferred. In a downstream sulfide precipitation 6, the mercury is converted from the washing solution 5 into a water-insoluble sulfide compound 7 and is drawn off. A corresponding precipitant 7 a is added to the sulfide precipitation 7 .
Um möglichst die gesamte bei der Verbrennung 1 freiwerdende Quecksilbermenge in das gut wasserlösliche Quecksilberchlorid zu überführen, wird der Verbrennung über ein Regelventil 9 Chlorwasserstoff in Form von Salzsäure 10 geregelt zugeführt. Der Mengenstrom der Salzsäure 10 wird so eingestellt, daß das aus der Verbrennung 1 abgeführte Abgas 2 stets eine Chlorwasserstoffkonzentration aufweist, die 50 mg/Nm3 nicht unterschreitet. Zur Ermittlung des Istwertes wird die Chlorwasserstoffkonzentration des Abgases 2 vor dessen Wäsche 4, vorzugsweise vor dessen Entstaubung 3 gemessen. Der Chlorwasserstoffgehalt des Abgases 2 wird mit einer Meßeinrichtung 11 bestimmt. Durch Vergleich 12 des Meßwertes mit einem von einem Sollwertgeber 13 vorgegebenen Sollwert wird die Regelgröße ermittelt und über einen PI-Regler 14 das Regelventil 9 angesteuert.In order to convert as much as possible the entire amount of mercury released during the combustion 1 into the readily water-soluble mercury chloride, the combustion is fed to the combustion in a controlled manner via a control valve 9 in the form of hydrochloric acid 10 . The volume flow of hydrochloric acid 10 is set so that the exhaust gas 2 discharged from the combustion 1 always has a hydrogen chloride concentration which does not fall below 50 mg / Nm 3 . To determine the actual value, the hydrogen chloride concentration of the exhaust gas 2 is measured before it is scrubbed 4 , preferably before its dedusting 3 . The hydrogen chloride content of the exhaust gas 2 is determined with a measuring device 11 . The controlled variable is determined by comparing 12 the measured value with a desired value specified by a desired value transmitter 13 and the control valve 9 is controlled by a PI controller 14 .
Durch die Einstellung der Chlorwasserstoffkonzentration im Abgas auf einen Sollwert= 50 mg/Nm3 wird erreicht, daß stets so viel Chlorwasserstoff vorhanden ist, um bei der Verbrennung 1 freiwerdendes elementares Quecksilber in gut wasserlösliches Quecksilberchlorid (HgCl2) zu überführen, so daß im Wäscher 4 gereinigtes Abgas 15 weitgehend quecksilberfrei ist. Das Abgas 15 kann noch entschwefelt und gegebenenfalls auch noch entstickt werden.By setting the hydrogen chloride concentration in the exhaust gas to a target value = 50 mg / Nm 3 it is achieved that there is always enough hydrogen chloride to convert elemental mercury released during combustion 1 into readily water-soluble mercury chloride (HgCl 2 ), so that in the scrubber 4 cleaned exhaust gas 15 is largely free of mercury. The exhaust gas 15 can still be desulfurized and, if necessary, also denitrified.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren beschränkt sich nicht auf Abgase aus der Verbrennung von Klärschlamm, sondern ist auf alle Abgase aus Verbrennungen von beispielsweise Haus-, Industrie- und Sondermüll anzuwenden, bei denen die Chlorwasserstoffkonzentration im Abgas nicht zur HgCl2- Bildung des vorhandenen Quecksilbers ausreicht.The method according to the invention is not limited to waste gases from the combustion of sewage sludge, but is to be used for all waste gases from burns of, for example, domestic, industrial and special waste, in which the hydrogen chloride concentration in the waste gas is not sufficient to form the mercury present in HgCl 2 .
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4208355A DE4208355A1 (en) | 1992-03-16 | 1992-03-16 | Rubbish incinerator gas treatment - uses added hydrochloric acid gas at incineration to give improved mercury extraction at the washing stage |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4208355A DE4208355A1 (en) | 1992-03-16 | 1992-03-16 | Rubbish incinerator gas treatment - uses added hydrochloric acid gas at incineration to give improved mercury extraction at the washing stage |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE4208355A1 true DE4208355A1 (en) | 1993-09-23 |
Family
ID=6454169
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE4208355A Withdrawn DE4208355A1 (en) | 1992-03-16 | 1992-03-16 | Rubbish incinerator gas treatment - uses added hydrochloric acid gas at incineration to give improved mercury extraction at the washing stage |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE4208355A1 (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4422661A1 (en) * | 1994-06-28 | 1996-01-04 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Continuous removal of mercury from flue gases to a prescribed level |
EP0709128A2 (en) * | 1994-10-25 | 1996-05-01 | L. & C. Steinmüller GmbH | Process for the removal of mercury from a mercury containing gas |
DE19519532A1 (en) * | 1995-05-27 | 1996-11-28 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Process for the separation of mercury from combustion gases |
WO1998055803A1 (en) * | 1997-06-03 | 1998-12-10 | Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh | Method for charging the combustion unit of a coal-fuelled power station |
US6638485B1 (en) * | 1997-02-19 | 2003-10-28 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Process for treating exhaust gas and exhaust gas treating equipment |
EP1316352A4 (en) * | 2001-07-18 | 2005-06-08 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Method for treating mercury in exhaust gas and exhaust gas treating system |
EP2540378A1 (en) * | 2010-02-25 | 2013-01-02 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Exhaust gas treatment system, and exhaust gas treatment method |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ATE47532T1 (en) * | 1985-03-28 | 1989-11-15 | Tokyo Metropolitan Environment | METHOD OF CLEANING MERCURY-CONTAINING GASEOUS EMISSIONS. |
-
1992
- 1992-03-16 DE DE4208355A patent/DE4208355A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ATE47532T1 (en) * | 1985-03-28 | 1989-11-15 | Tokyo Metropolitan Environment | METHOD OF CLEANING MERCURY-CONTAINING GASEOUS EMISSIONS. |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
M�ll und Abfall 3/1986, S. 89-95 * |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4422661A1 (en) * | 1994-06-28 | 1996-01-04 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Continuous removal of mercury from flue gases to a prescribed level |
EP0709128A2 (en) * | 1994-10-25 | 1996-05-01 | L. & C. Steinmüller GmbH | Process for the removal of mercury from a mercury containing gas |
EP0709128A3 (en) * | 1994-10-25 | 1997-03-05 | Steinmueller Gmbh L & C | Process for the removal of mercury from a mercury containing gas |
DE19519532A1 (en) * | 1995-05-27 | 1996-11-28 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Process for the separation of mercury from combustion gases |
DE19519532C2 (en) * | 1995-05-27 | 1998-07-16 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Process for the separation of mercury from combustion gases |
US6638485B1 (en) * | 1997-02-19 | 2003-10-28 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Process for treating exhaust gas and exhaust gas treating equipment |
WO1998055803A1 (en) * | 1997-06-03 | 1998-12-10 | Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh | Method for charging the combustion unit of a coal-fuelled power station |
EP1316352A4 (en) * | 2001-07-18 | 2005-06-08 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Method for treating mercury in exhaust gas and exhaust gas treating system |
EP2540378A1 (en) * | 2010-02-25 | 2013-01-02 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Exhaust gas treatment system, and exhaust gas treatment method |
EP2540378A4 (en) * | 2010-02-25 | 2013-10-16 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Exhaust gas treatment system, and exhaust gas treatment method |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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OP8 | Request for examination as to paragraph 44 patent law | ||
8130 | Withdrawal |