DE4124864A1 - Current supply for alternating voltage fluctuation control - has transformer with tappings for different input voltages which are selected across logic circuit and connected using switches - Google Patents

Current supply for alternating voltage fluctuation control - has transformer with tappings for different input voltages which are selected across logic circuit and connected using switches

Info

Publication number
DE4124864A1
DE4124864A1 DE19914124864 DE4124864A DE4124864A1 DE 4124864 A1 DE4124864 A1 DE 4124864A1 DE 19914124864 DE19914124864 DE 19914124864 DE 4124864 A DE4124864 A DE 4124864A DE 4124864 A1 DE4124864 A1 DE 4124864A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
switches
triac
switched
power supply
supply according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
DE19914124864
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Wilfried Simmank
Astvaldur Gudmundsson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SIMMANK WILFRIED DIPL ING FH
Original Assignee
SIMMANK WILFRIED DIPL ING FH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE4109510A external-priority patent/DE4109510A1/en
Application filed by SIMMANK WILFRIED DIPL ING FH filed Critical SIMMANK WILFRIED DIPL ING FH
Priority to DE19914124864 priority Critical patent/DE4124864A1/en
Publication of DE4124864A1 publication Critical patent/DE4124864A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/02—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc
    • H02M5/04—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
    • H02M5/10—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using transformers
    • H02M5/12—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using transformers for conversion of voltage or current amplitude only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P13/00—Arrangements for controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P13/06—Arrangements for controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by tap-changing; by rearranging interconnections of windings

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)

Abstract

The current supply has a transformer which can have one or more output windings. In the event that no separation from the mains is necessary, an autotransformer can be used. Electronic switches as well as mechanical switches can be used for switching e.g. triacs and relays. The tappings selected across a logic with switches are on the output side. Simultaneous zero passage of current and voltage takes place only with a pure ohmic load. Therefore, it is necessary that triacs are not switched off and simultaneously other triacs are switched on in the zero passage of the voltage. So that switched off triac yet still conducting can cause a short circuit. USE/ADVANTAGE - Can be used where high output voltage accuracy is not required. Fluctuations of main voltages can be balanced and feedback coupling from output can reduce load influence. Higher accuracy obtained with output regulation.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Zur Regelung von Wechselspannungen werden häufig magnetische Spannungskonstanthalter verwendet, mit den Nachteilen von hohem Gewicht und schlechtem Wirkungsgrad.Magnetic voltages are often used to regulate AC voltages Voltage stabilizer used, with the disadvantages of high Weight and poor efficiency.

Zur Gleichspannungsregelung werden lineare Regler (Längsregler) oder Schaltregler verwendet.Linear regulators (series regulators) are used for DC voltage regulation. or switching regulator used.

Vorteile der Linearregler sind vor allem, daß sie Ausgangsspannungen praktisch ohne Restwelligkeit abgeben und störstrahlungsfrei sind.The main advantages of linear regulators are that they Output voltages practically without ripple and are free from interference.

Nachteilig ist vor allem der schlechte Wirkungsgrad, vor allem bei Geräten, die für einen breiten Eingangsspannungsbereich ausgelegt sind.The main disadvantage is the poor efficiency, especially with Devices designed for a wide input voltage range are.

Vorteile der Schaltregler sind vor allem der hohe Wirkungsgrad, geringer Platzbedarf und niedriges Gewicht.The advantages of the switching regulator are above all the high efficiency, low space requirement and low weight.

Nachteilig ist die verhältnismäßig hohe Restwelligkeit der Ausgangsspannungen und der Betrieb mit hohen Frequenzen, die einen erheblichen Aufwand an Entstörung erfordern.A disadvantage is the relatively high ripple Output voltages and operation at high frequencies, one require considerable effort in interference suppression.

Kritik am Stand der TechnikCriticism of the state of the art

In dem Bereich der Gleichspannungsversorgungen gab es bisher keine Lösung, die die Vorteile der Linearregler (keine HF-Störungen, extrem geringe Restwelligkeit) und die Vorteile der Schaltregler (hoher Wirkungsgrad) unter einen Hut bringt.So far there have been no DC power supplies Solution that takes advantage of linear regulators (no RF interference, extremely low ripple) and the advantages of the switching regulator (high efficiency) under one roof.

Erzielbare VorteileAchievable advantages

Mit der hier beschriebenen Technik sind große Vorteile im Bereich der Gleichspannungsversorgungen möglich. In Anwendungen, wo hohe Genauigkeit der Ausgangsspannungen nicht erforderlich ist, können Schwankungen der Netzspannung weitgehend ausgeglichen werden. Durch Rückkopplung vom Ausgang auch können Lasteinflüsse reduziert werden.With the technique described here there are great advantages in the area of the DC voltage supplies possible. In applications where high Accuracy of the output voltages is not required Fluctuations in the mains voltage can be largely compensated for. Through feedback from the output, load influences can also be reduced will.

Bei höheren Ansprüchen können die Ausgänge mit Linearreglern nachgeregelt werden, die Spannung vor diesen aber vorgeregelt und auf dem kleinsten erforderlichen Niveau festgehalten werden. Dies erlaubt Wirkungsgrade, die mit denen der Schaltregler vergleichbar sind, und die sonstigen Vorteile der Linearregler werden beibehalten.For higher demands, the outputs can be operated with linear controllers are readjusted, but the voltage in front of them is adjusted and be kept at the lowest required level. This allows efficiencies comparable to those of the switching regulator are comparable, and the other advantages of linear controllers will be maintained.

Wechselspannungskonstanthalter können auch realisiert werden für Anwendungen, die eine stufenweise Einstellung der Ausgangsspannung(en) erlauben. Dabei sind sehr hohe Wirkungsgrade erzielbar.AC voltage stabilizers can also be implemented for Applications that require gradual discontinuation of the Allow output voltage (s). There are very high efficiencies achievable.

Allgemeine VorteileGeneral benefits

1. Digitale Eingangssignale, daher Schnittstellen zu digitalen Steuerungen bzw. Rechnern besonders einfach.1. Digital input signals, hence interfaces to digital ones Controls and computers are particularly simple.

Claims (11)

1. Stromversorgung für Betrieb am Wechselstromnetz dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Trafo, mit Anzapfungen für verschiedene Eingangsspannungen, die über eine Logik angewählt und mit Schaltern geschaltet werden können, eingesetzt wird. Dies wird unter Anspruch 5 näher beschrieben.
Der Trafo kann eine oder mehrere Ausgangswicklungen haben. Falls keine Trennung vom Netz erforderlich ist, kann ein Spartrafo verwendet werden.
Als Schalter können sowohl elektronische als auch mechanische Schalter verwendet werden, z. B. Relais, Triacs.
Prinzipschaltung s. Zeichnung Nr. 1, Bild 11. Power supply for operation on the AC network, characterized in that a transformer, with taps for different input voltages that can be selected via a logic and can be switched with switches, is used. This is described in more detail under claim 5.
The transformer can have one or more output windings. If no disconnection from the network is required, an economy transformer can be used.
Both electronic and mechanical switches can be used as switches, e.g. B. relays, triacs.
Basic circuit s. Drawing No. 1, picture 1 2. Stromversorgung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anzapfungen, die über eine Logik angewählt und mit Schaltern geschaltet werden können, auf der Ausgangsseite sind.
Diese Variante ist bereits in unserer Patentanmeldung P 41 09 510.3 Anspruch 5, enthalten.
Prinzipschaltung s. Zeichnung Nr. 2, Bild 22. Power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that the taps, which can be selected via logic and switched with switches, are on the output side.
This variant is already contained in our patent application P 41 09 510.3 claim 5.
Basic circuit s. Drawing No. 2, picture 2 3. Stromversorgung nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anzapfungen, die über eine Logik angewählt und mit Schaltern geschaltet werden können, in einem Gerät mehrmals vorhanden sind, beispielsweise am Eingang und an einem oder mehreren Ausgängen.3. Power supply according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the taps have a logic selected and switched with switches in one Device exists several times, for example at the entrance and at one or more outputs. 4. Stromversorgung nach Anspruch 1, 2 und 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Schalter TRIAC′s in der nachfolgend beschriebenen Schaltung verwendet werden.
Eine Realisierung mit TRIAC′s ist vorteilhaft, da sie die Eigenschaft haben, nach dem Durchschalten auch ohne Ansteuerung leitend zu bleiben bis der Strom durch den TRIAC Null wird. Dies aber macht beim Umschalten von einer Stufe auf andere spezielle Maßnahmen erforderlich, um Kurzschlüsse durch gleichzeitig leitende TRIAC′s zu verhindern.
Ausgeschaltet werden die TRIAC′s im ersten Nulldurchgang des Stromes nach Wegnahme des Ansteuersignals. Je nach Blindstromaufnahme der Last kann dieser vor oder nach dem Nulldurchgang der Spannung stattfinden. Gleichzeitiger Nulldurchgang von Strom und Spannung findet nur bei reiner ohmschen Last statt. Es dürfen also nicht im Nulldurchgang der Spannung TRIAC′s ausgeschaltet und gleichzeitig andere eingeschaltet werden, da die ausgeschalteten noch leitend sein können und es somit zu einem Kurzschluß kommt.
Beim Umschalten muß man folgendermaßen verfahren:
  • 1. Alle TRIAC′s ausschalten, d. h. Ansteuersignale wegnehmen.
  • 2. Warten bis alle TRIAC′s abgeschaltet haben. (Dies kann bis zu einer halben Periode der anliegenden Wechselspannung dauern).
  • 3. Neue TRIAC-Kombination einschalten.
4. Power supply according to claim 1, 2 and 3, characterized in that TRIAC's are used as switches in the circuit described below.
A realization with TRIAC's is advantageous because they have the property to remain conductive after switching through even without control until the current through the TRIAC becomes zero. However, this makes it necessary when switching from one level to other special measures to prevent short circuits caused by simultaneously conductive TRIAC's.
The TRIACs are switched off in the first zero crossing of the current after the control signal has been removed. Depending on the reactive current consumption of the load, this can take place before or after the zero crossing of the voltage. Simultaneous zero crossing of current and voltage only takes place with a pure ohmic load. So it must not be switched off at the zero crossing of the voltage TRIAC's and at the same time others switched on, since the switched off can still be conductive and thus there is a short circuit.
When switching, you have to do the following:
  • 1. Switch off all TRIAC's, ie remove control signals.
  • 2. Wait until all TRIAC's have switched off. (This can take up to half a period of the AC voltage present).
  • 3. Switch on the new TRIAC combination.
Dieser Ablauf kann realisiert werden mit einem synchronen Schaltwerk. An den Eingängen dieses Schaltwerks liegt ein Digitalwort, das angibt, welche TRIAC′s angesteuert werden sollen, und die Ausgänge steuern die TRIAC′s an. In diesem Schaltwerk kann auch eine Dekodierung stattfinden.
Dieses Schaltwerk muß folgende Merkmale aufweisen:
  • 1. Vergleichen des Eingangskodes mit dem Ausgangskode.
  • 2. Bei Abweichung alle TRIAC′s abschalten.
  • 3. Nach ausreichender Wartezeit die neue TRIAC-Kombination einschalten und wieder vergleichen wie in 1).
This process can be implemented with a synchronous switching mechanism. There is a digital word at the inputs of this rear derailleur, which indicates which TRIAC's are to be controlled, and the outputs control the TRIAC's. Decoding can also take place in this switching mechanism.
This rear derailleur must have the following features:
  • 1. Compare the input code with the output code.
  • 2. Switch off all TRIACs in the event of a deviation.
  • 3. After a sufficient waiting time, switch on the new TRIAC combination and compare again as in 1).
5. Spannungsversorgung nach Anspruch 1, 2, 3 und 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine oder mehrere Ausgangsspannungen gleichgerichtet werden.5. Power supply according to claim 1, 2, 3 and 4, characterized in that one or more output voltages be rectified. 6. Spannungsversorgung nach Anspruch 1, 2, 3, 4 und 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine oder mehrere Ausgangsspannungen nachgeregelt werden, z. B. mit einem Längsregler oder Schaltregler.6. Power supply according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, characterized in that one or more output voltages be adjusted, e.g. B. with a series regulator or switching regulator. 7. Spannungsversorgung nach Anspruch 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 und 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Logik, die die Schalter ansteuert, von der Netzspannung gesteuert wird.7. Power supply according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, characterized in that the logic that drives the switches is controlled by the mains voltage. 8. Spannungsversorgung nach Anspruch 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 und 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Logik, die die Schalter ansteuert, von einer Wicklung am Trafo oder einer Kombination von mehreren Wicklungen gesteuert wird.8. Power supply according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, characterized in that the logic that drives the switches one winding on the transformer or a combination of several Windings is controlled. 9. Spannungsversorgung nach Anspruch 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 und 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Logik, die die Schalter ansteuert, von einer gleichgerichteten Ausgangsspannung oder einer Kombination von mehreren Ausgangsspannungen gesteuert wird.9. Power supply according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, characterized in that the logic that drives the switches of a rectified output voltage or one Combination of several output voltages is controlled. 10. Spannungsversorgung nach Anspruch 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 und 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Logik, die die Schalter ansteuert, von externen Signalen gesteuert wird.10. Power supply according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, characterized in that the logic that drives the switches is controlled by external signals.
DE19914124864 1991-03-22 1991-07-26 Current supply for alternating voltage fluctuation control - has transformer with tappings for different input voltages which are selected across logic circuit and connected using switches Ceased DE4124864A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19914124864 DE4124864A1 (en) 1991-03-22 1991-07-26 Current supply for alternating voltage fluctuation control - has transformer with tappings for different input voltages which are selected across logic circuit and connected using switches

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4109510A DE4109510A1 (en) 1991-03-22 1991-03-22 Revolution speed controller for fan or centrifugal pump motor - uses control logic actuating semiconductor or mechanical switches for transformer tap-offs
DE19914124864 DE4124864A1 (en) 1991-03-22 1991-07-26 Current supply for alternating voltage fluctuation control - has transformer with tappings for different input voltages which are selected across logic circuit and connected using switches

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE4124864A1 true DE4124864A1 (en) 1993-01-28

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DE19914124864 Ceased DE4124864A1 (en) 1991-03-22 1991-07-26 Current supply for alternating voltage fluctuation control - has transformer with tappings for different input voltages which are selected across logic circuit and connected using switches

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9315050U1 (en) * 1993-10-05 1994-03-03 Transtec Elektroanlagen Gmbh Switching module for the step-by-step switching of primary taps on a transformer
ES2142272A1 (en) * 1998-03-12 2000-04-01 Corunesa De Ahorro Energetico Light stabilisation and regulation system for public lighting
EP0992870A2 (en) * 1998-08-19 2000-04-12 Agfa-Gevaert AG Power control device
DE19912603A1 (en) * 1999-03-22 2000-09-28 Bwt Wassertechnik Gmbh Electrical power supply for ozone gas generator with programmable logic control unit for fine voltage regulation
EP2456061A3 (en) * 2010-11-17 2013-03-27 Nihonmakisen Kogyo Co., Ltd. Power supply circuit
US8773877B2 (en) 2009-12-28 2014-07-08 Nihonmakisen Kogyo Co., Ltd. Power supply circuit for LED light circuit

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9315050U1 (en) * 1993-10-05 1994-03-03 Transtec Elektroanlagen Gmbh Switching module for the step-by-step switching of primary taps on a transformer
ES2142272A1 (en) * 1998-03-12 2000-04-01 Corunesa De Ahorro Energetico Light stabilisation and regulation system for public lighting
EP0992870A2 (en) * 1998-08-19 2000-04-12 Agfa-Gevaert AG Power control device
EP0992870A3 (en) * 1998-08-19 2001-02-07 Agfa-Gevaert AG Power control device
DE19912603A1 (en) * 1999-03-22 2000-09-28 Bwt Wassertechnik Gmbh Electrical power supply for ozone gas generator with programmable logic control unit for fine voltage regulation
US8773877B2 (en) 2009-12-28 2014-07-08 Nihonmakisen Kogyo Co., Ltd. Power supply circuit for LED light circuit
EP2456061A3 (en) * 2010-11-17 2013-03-27 Nihonmakisen Kogyo Co., Ltd. Power supply circuit

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