DE402137C - Furnace for performing electrothermal processes, especially for carbide production - Google Patents

Furnace for performing electrothermal processes, especially for carbide production

Info

Publication number
DE402137C
DE402137C DEB97383D DEB0097383D DE402137C DE 402137 C DE402137 C DE 402137C DE B97383 D DEB97383 D DE B97383D DE B0097383 D DEB0097383 D DE B0097383D DE 402137 C DE402137 C DE 402137C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
furnace
carbide production
feed material
electrothermal processes
organs
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEB97383D
Other languages
German (de)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BAYERISCHE STICKSTOFF WERKE AG
Original Assignee
BAYERISCHE STICKSTOFF WERKE AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BAYERISCHE STICKSTOFF WERKE AG filed Critical BAYERISCHE STICKSTOFF WERKE AG
Priority to DEB97383D priority Critical patent/DE402137C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE402137C publication Critical patent/DE402137C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/90Carbides
    • C01B32/914Carbides of single elements
    • C01B32/942Calcium carbide
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • F27D17/001Extraction of waste gases, collection of fumes and hoods used therefor
    • F27D17/003Extraction of waste gases, collection of fumes and hoods used therefor of waste gases emanating from an electric arc furnace
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/60Heating arrangements wherein the heating current flows through granular powdered or fluid material, e.g. for salt-bath furnace, electrolytic heating

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)

Description

Ofen zur Durchführung elektrothermischer Prozesse, insbesondere zur Karbidherstellung. Bekanntlich entwickeln sich bei den meisten elektrochemischen und elektrometallurgischen Prozessen Gaseh die bei ihrem Austritt aus dein Ofen an die Oberfläche die verschiedensten Schwierigkeiten verursachen und erhebliche Belästigungen mit sich bringen. Bei dein Karbidprozeß z. B. entsteht Kohlenoxyd, das beim Abbrennen durch seine erhebliche Wärmeentwicklung einen großen Verschleiß der Apparatur bedingt und zu starken Belästigungen der Bedienungsmannschaften führt. Man hat auf mancherlei Weise versucht, dieser Nachteile Herr zu werden. So ist z. B. vorgeschlagen, die Absaugung der aufsteigenden Ofengase durch in den unteren, Raum des aus Verlängerung der Ofenwände gebildeten Beschickungsschachtes seitlich eingesetzte Stutzen oder in denselben von oben herabhängende Rohre vorzunehmen. Diese Rohre oder Absaugstutzen sind je nach der Beschickungshöhe des Materials kürzer oder länger und sind vom Beschickungsmaterial umgeben; sie sollen dazu dienen, das in dem Ofen entstehende Kohlenoxyd zu entfernen, Dies geschieht, indem man so stark absaugt, daß sich Flämmchen von Kohlenoxydgas über dem Beschickungsmaterial nicht zeigen. Da das Beschickungsmaterial entsprechend dem Druck der Reaktionsgase für diese durchlässig ist, so wird bei Absaugung auch Fehlluft von oben durch das Beschickungsmaterial nach dem Stutzen passieren können. Dies führt erfahrungsgemäß zu Explosionen in der Absaugeapparatur sowie zur Verbrennung des wertvollen Kohlenoxydes infolge eingesaugter Fehlluft. Durch die Bildung von Kohlensäure aus der Verbrennung des ,Kohlenoxydes und aus den vom Beschickungsmaterial mitgerissenen Staubteilchen bildet sich in den Absaugerohren und Stutzen dann kohlensaurer Kalk, der die Regulierschieber versetzt und zur Verstopfung der Rohre führt.Furnace for carrying out electrothermal processes, in particular for Carbide production. It is known that most develop electrochemical and electrometallurgical processes that occur as they exit your furnace to the surface cause all kinds of difficulties and considerable Bring harassment. In your carbide process z. B. is formed carbon oxide, that when burned off a lot of wear and tear due to its considerable heat generation the equipment and leads to severe annoyance for the operating crew. Various attempts have been made to overcome these disadvantages. So is z. B. suggested that the suction of the rising furnace gases through into the lower, Space of the loading shaft formed from the extension of the furnace walls laterally inserted nozzles or in the same pipes hanging down from above. These pipes or suction nozzles are shorter depending on the loading height of the material or longer and are surrounded by the feed material; they are supposed to serve that To remove carbon dioxide generated in the furnace, this is done by getting so strong sucks so that flames of carbon oxide gas do not rise above the feed material demonstrate. Since the feed material according to the pressure of the reaction gases for If this is permeable, then when the air is sucked in, air from above will also pass through the feed material can happen after pruning. Experience has shown that this leads to explosions in the suction device as well as for burning the valuable carbon oxide as a result of sucked in Bad air. Through the formation of carbonic acid from the combustion of the carbon dioxide and from the dust particles entrained by the feed material forms in the suction pipes and nozzles then carbonate of lime, which moves the regulating slide and leads to clogging of the pipes.

Demgegenüber wurde nun gefunden, daß die bezeichneten Nachteile dadurch vermieden werden, daß zwischen den einzelnen Elektroden im Beschickungsmaterial Organe zur Abführung 'der Gase von sölcher nröße und Ausdehnung - dergest@Y- angeordnet werden, daß sie sich möglichet.el'.die ganze Flächo des zwischen den Elektroden befindlichen Rauaases und der Ofenwand strecken und: zweckmäßig, um sie vor starkem Angriff der im Ofen herrschenden Temperaturen zu schützen, als mit Kühlung versehene Hohlkörper ausgebildet werden. Diese Organe sind nach unten hin abgeschlossen durch das im natürlichen Böschungswinkel fallende Beschikkungsmaterial. Diese so gebildeten, im Beschickungsmaterial liegenden Organe haben insofern den Vorteil gegenüber den Absaugestutzen und Rohren, als sie Orte geringsten Widerstandes sind, in die das aus dem Prozeß stammende Kohlenoxydgas eintritt und, da sie sich über die ganze zwischen den Elektroden befindliche Fläche erstrecken, ferner in ihnen nur wenig Unterdruck herrscht, so tritt sämtliches aus dem elektrothermischen Prozeß stammende Gas in diesen Hohlkörper ein. Da sie ferner vom Beschickungsmaterial völlig umgeben und abgeschlossen sind und nur, wie oben gesagt, ein ganz geringer Unterdruck herrscht, den man dazu noch regulieren kann, so wird vermieden, daß Fehlluft eintritt und eine teilweise oder ganze Verbrennung des wertvollen Kohlenoxydes stattfindet. Ferner haben diese der Absaugung dienenden Organe gegenüber den. Absaugestutzen und Rohren einen größeren Rauar, so daß das in sie eintretende Gas eine sehr kleine Strömungsgeschwindigkeit hat und sich somit mitgerissener Staub und Kalk in diesem Raum abscheidet; eine Verstopfung der Apparatur tritt also nicht ein. -Der ausgeschiedene Kalkstaub wird von dem Beschickungsmaterial aufgenommen und dem elektrothermischen Prozeß zugeführt.In contrast, it has now been found that the disadvantages mentioned thereby be avoided that between the individual electrodes in the feed material Organs for Removal of gases of such size and extent - be arranged in such a way that it is possible to cover the entire surface of the stretch the space between the electrodes and the furnace wall and: expediently, to protect them from strong attack by the temperatures in the furnace, as Hollow bodies provided with cooling are formed. These organs are down completed by the loading material falling at the natural angle of slope. These organs formed in this way and lying in the feed material have the Advantage over the suction nozzle and pipes, as they are places of least resistance are, in which the carbon oxide gas originating from the process enters and, since they are extend over the entire area located between the electrodes, furthermore in If there is only a little underpressure in them, then everything emerges from the electrothermal Process originating gas in this hollow body. Since they are also from the feed material are completely surrounded and closed off and only, as said above, a very small one There is negative pressure, which can also be regulated, thus avoiding defective air occurs and a partial or complete combustion of the valuable carbon oxide takes place. Furthermore, these have the organs used for suction compared to the. Suction nozzle and tubes have a larger volume, so that the gas entering them is very small Flow velocity has and thus entrained dust and lime in this Separates space; the apparatus does not become clogged. -The retired Lime dust is picked up by the feed material and the electrothermal one Process fed.

An Hand der Zeichnung soll eine beispielsmäßige Form der Ofenanordnung kurz beschrieben werden.An exemplary form of the furnace arrangement should be based on the drawing briefly described.

In der Ofenwanne von an sich bekannter Ausführung sind zwischen den Elektroden ,a die kegelstumpfförmigen Hohlkörper b an den Ketten ;c beweglich derart angebracht, daß sie nach oben und seitlich leicht verschoben werden können. An diese Hohlkörper sind bewegliche Ableitungen d für die Gase angeschlossen. Hiermit sind im vorliegenden Falle die Zu- und Ableitungen für das Kühlwasser (in der Zeichnung als kreisrunde Querschnitte der Röhren an den Seitenwänden der Hohlkörper sichtbar) konstruktivvereinigt.In the furnace pan of known design are between the Electrodes, a the frustoconical hollow bodies b on the chains; c movable such attached so that they can be easily moved upwards and sideways. To this Hollow bodies are connected to movable discharge lines d for the gases. Herewith are in the present case the supply and discharge lines for the cooling water (in the drawing visible as circular cross-sections of the tubes on the side walls of the hollow bodies) constructively united.

Es ist aber auch nicht ausgeschlossen, Sammelkörper. von geeigneter Form und einem geeigneten Material zu verwenden, die keine besondere Wasserkühlung, wie in der Zeichnung dargestellt, erfordern.But it is also not excluded collectibles. of more suitable To use a mold and a suitable material that does not require any special water cooling, as shown in the drawing.

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH: Ofen zur Durchführung elektrothermischer Prozesse, insbesondere zur Karbidherstellung, bei welchem im Beschickungsmaterial zwischen den Elektroden Organe zur Abführung der Gase angebracht sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese Organe als geräumige, zweckmäßig mit Kühlung versehene Hohlkörper ausgebildet sind. Claim: Furnace for carrying out electrothermal processes, in particular for carbide production, in which organs for discharging the gases are mounted in the charge material between the electrodes, characterized in that these organs are designed as spacious hollow bodies which are expediently provided with cooling.
DEB97383D 1920-12-17 1920-12-17 Furnace for performing electrothermal processes, especially for carbide production Expired DE402137C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEB97383D DE402137C (en) 1920-12-17 1920-12-17 Furnace for performing electrothermal processes, especially for carbide production

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEB97383D DE402137C (en) 1920-12-17 1920-12-17 Furnace for performing electrothermal processes, especially for carbide production

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE402137C true DE402137C (en) 1924-09-16

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEB97383D Expired DE402137C (en) 1920-12-17 1920-12-17 Furnace for performing electrothermal processes, especially for carbide production

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE402137C (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1009330B (en) * 1956-03-24 1957-05-29 Knapsack Ag Process for preventing the formation of condensation products in deep sockets in electric arc or reduction ovens

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1009330B (en) * 1956-03-24 1957-05-29 Knapsack Ag Process for preventing the formation of condensation products in deep sockets in electric arc or reduction ovens

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