DE3815753C1 - Emulsion for the decontamination of materials poisoned by chemical weapons - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention, building on the main application P 3,638,625, proposes novel emulsions for decontamination of materials poisoned by chemical weapons (chemical warfare agents), which emulsions considerably decrease the amount of solvents required owing to the use of specific solvents and also make the emulsions usable at low temperatures (below -5@C) by the addition of polyhydric alcohols.

Description

The invention relates to an emulsion for the decontamination of those poisoned by warfare agents Materials according to patent application P 36 38 625 (emulsion for the decontamination of materials poisoned by warfare agents, as well as processes, Device and success control for the preparation of the emulsion).

The emulsion after the main application is based on the known one "Munsteremulsion" and improves its efficiency, in particular through their specific components, through the use of inorganic and organic active ingredients, through the addition of dispersible solids, by adding monovalent Alcohols and by lowering the pH.

Starting from the main application, the invention has the task of the emulsion for the decontamination of those poisoned by warfare agents To improve materials so that the provision and Provision of the required solvent is reduced and the Emulsion by adding polyvalent alcohol even at low levels Temperatures (below -5 ° C) can be used.

To solve the problem it was found in accordance with Claim 1 that that when using a solvent with a chlorinated hydrocarbons relatively lower density of the proportion of the solvent considerably, partially to almost half, lowered can be.

For this purpose, according to claim 2, was particularly suitable and advantageous the use of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, such as benzene and / or its derivatives, xylene and / or  Xylene isomer mixtures, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, such as decalin and tetralin, as well as fuels, paint thinners and Light oils determined.

In the same ratio as the density of the used Solvent or solvent mixture of that of chlorinated Differentiate hydrocarbons, this leads to weight savings of solvents. This has a significant impact on that Supply of the ABC defense units necessary logistical effort, there z. B. the change in weight of solvents when used of xylene only about 50% of the amount required for tetrachlorethylene is.

Solvents that are resistant to chlorinated hydrocarbons have lower density, and for the production of emulsions can be used to decontaminate B and C warfare agents, are for example:

- diesel fuel,
- jet fuel,
- petrol,
- light heating oil,
- commercially available paint thinners,
- benzene and / or its derivatives,
- Partially or fully hydrogenated multi-ring systems such as B. decalin and tetralin,

and solvent mixtures, their solution and extraction properties by mixing several individual components with unsuitable ones Properties adapted to requirements by averaging will.  

Improving the usability of the decontamination emulsion for the range of lower temperatures (below -5 ° C), i.e. in winter conditions, is according to claim 3 by the use of in water soluble polyvalent and insoluble in the organic phase Alcohols such as ethylene glycol and glycerin in an amount of 25 to 50 weight percent reached.

The emulsion formulations disclosed and described in the main application are based on the physical data used Solvents and salt solutions are not suitable for operating temperatures below -5 ° C suitable. Lower higher salt concentrations in the aqueous phase the melting point is only insignificant. A significant drop of the melting point of the aqueous phase is only through the addition of in Water soluble and organic insoluble in the organic phase Connection possible. Such compounds are glycerin or Ethylene glycol and commercially available antifreeze. The same The freezing point of the organic phase is reduced via the mixture of several solvents suitable for the emulsion from the solvent groups mentioned in claims 1 to 2.

The invention is illustrated by the following examples of emulsion compositions explained in more detail.

An emulsion according to claims 1 and 2 consists of:

8% by weight of xylene isomer mixture (solvent)
1% by weight emulsifier (e.g. calcium sulfonate)
1.5% by weight talc (solid)
1.5% by weight calcium hypochlorite (active ingredient)
4.5% by weight of table salt (neutral salt)
Rest of water

A solvent with moderate properties is diesel fuel. By adding equal parts by weight of perchlorethylene or a solvent comparable to this is a mixture with suitable Obtain solvent and extractant properties.

An example of an emulsion which according to claim 3 for an insert suitable at temperatures below -5 ° C consists of the following Shares:

18.7% by weight of xylene isomer mixture (solvent)
1.7% by weight of emulsifier (e.g. calcium sulfonate)
1.5% by weight talc (solid)
0.5% by weight sodium hydroxide (active ingredient)
7.5% by weight of table salt (neutral salt)
33.9% by weight of ethylene glycol (polyhydric alcohol)
Rest of water

The melting point of this emulsion is about 233 ° K and thus makes winter use of the decontamination agent possible.

Claims (3)

1. Emulsion for the decontamination of materials poisoned by warfare agents according to patent application P 36 38 625, characterized in that when using a solvent or solvent mixture with a lower density than that of a chlorinated hydrocarbon, the weight fraction is 8 to 20 percent. 2. Emuslion for decontamination according to claim 1, characterized, that the solvents are monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, such as benzene and / or its derivatives, xylene and / or mixtures of xylene isomers, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as decalin and tetralin, fuels, paint thinners and light oils and mixtures are out of them. 3. emulsion for decontamination according to claims 1 to 2, characterized,  that the emulsion for use at temperatures below -5 ° C in Water-soluble and polyvalent in the organic phase insoluble Alcohols such as ethylene glycol and glycerin in an amount of Contains 25 to 50 percent by weight.