DE3809413C1 - Manufacture of light mouldings from lignocellulose-containing plant material by means of lignolytic microorganisms - Google Patents

Manufacture of light mouldings from lignocellulose-containing plant material by means of lignolytic microorganisms

Info

Publication number
DE3809413C1
DE3809413C1 DE19883809413 DE3809413A DE3809413C1 DE 3809413 C1 DE3809413 C1 DE 3809413C1 DE 19883809413 DE19883809413 DE 19883809413 DE 3809413 A DE3809413 A DE 3809413A DE 3809413 C1 DE3809413 C1 DE 3809413C1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
plant material
microorganisms
lignolytic
mouldings
straw
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DE19883809413
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Rubin Dr.-Ing. 5100 Aachen De Eisenstein
Gerhard Dr.-Ing. 8000 Muenchen De Gehring
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bti Dr-Ing Rubin Eisenstein Biotechnologische Industrie-Einrichtungen 5100 Aachen De
Original Assignee
Bti Dr-Ing Rubin Eisenstein Biotechnologische Industrie-Einrichtungen 5100 Aachen De
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bti Dr-Ing Rubin Eisenstein Biotechnologische Industrie-Einrichtungen 5100 Aachen De filed Critical Bti Dr-Ing Rubin Eisenstein Biotechnologische Industrie-Einrichtungen 5100 Aachen De
Priority to DE19883809413 priority Critical patent/DE3809413C1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE3809413C1 publication Critical patent/DE3809413C1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • D21C5/00—Other processes for obtaining cellulose, e.g. cooking cotton linters ; Processes characterised by the choice of cellulose-containing starting materials
    • D21C5/005—Treatment of cellulose-containing material with microorganisms or enzymes

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The process according to the invention allows light mouldings having substantially higher strength values to be produced from straw without polluting the environment, it being possible for the moulding to be composted or incinerated without polluting the environment. Straw is treated with lignolytic microorganisms and/or enzymes thereof and after-treated only with a weakly alkaline solution or not at all, subjected to controlled partial defibration, then filtered off with suction without being pressed and dried. The finished products can be used, inter alia, in the packaging industry as spacers, as base wreaths to be fitted up in wreath-making establishments, and in the furniture industry for three-dimensional mouldings, for example chair seats and chair backs.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen leichter Formkörper aus lignocellulosehaltigem Pflanzenmaterial, z. B. Teile von Einjahrespflanzen wie Stroh, die sich umweltfreund­ lich herstellen und kompostieren lassen und beim Verbrennen keine umweltschädlichen Verbrennungsprodukte erzeugen. Die er­ findungsgemäß hergestellten Formkörper betreffen u. a. in der Möbelindustrie: Stuhlsitze- und -lehnen, gerade und gekrümmte Türen, dreidimensional geformte Schrank- und Regalelemente; in der Bauindustrie: Bauplatten und Trennwände; in der Verpac­ kungsindustrie: Halterungs- und Abstandselemente (ohne Dicken­ beschränkung); für Gärtnereien: Bindereibedarfsartikel, Platten für Topfpflanzen etc. The invention relates to a method for manufacturing lighter Moldings made of lignocellulose-containing plant material, e.g. B. Parts of annual plants such as straw that are environmentally friendly Made and composted and burned do not produce environmentally harmful combustion products. Which he Moldings produced according to the invention relate to. a. in the Furniture industry: chair seats and backrests, straight and curved Doors, three-dimensional cupboard and shelf elements; in the construction industry: building boards and partitions; in the Verpac kungsindustrie: Brackets and spacers (without thicknesses limitation); for garden centers: binding supplies, plates for potted plants etc.  

Es ist bekannt, leichte Formkörper aus Einjahrespflanzen dadurch herzustellen, daß man Strohhäcksel mit alkalischen Lösungen in der Hitze vorbehandelt. Gegenüber der erfindungsgemäßen Vorbe­ handlung mit lignolytischen Mikroorganismen hat dies den Nach­ teil, daß die Strohfaser durch die Lauge geschädigt und ihre Verfilzungseigenschaften stark eingeschränkt wird. Ferner benö­ tigt das mit Mikroorganismen vorbehandelte Pflanzenmaterial keine Nachbehandlung oder nur eine Nachbehandlung mit schwach alkalischen Lösungen.It is known to make lightweight moldings from annual plants produce that you chop straw with alkaline solutions in pretreated from the heat. Compared to the vorbe according to the invention this has the disadvantage of dealing with lignolytic microorganisms partly that the straw fiber is damaged by the lye and their Matting properties is severely restricted. Also needed the plant material pretreated with microorganisms no post-treatment or only post-treatment with weak alkaline solutions.

Sehr leichte Formkörper werden bis dato ausschließlich aus ge­ schäumtem Polystyrol gefertigt. Der Nachteil von diesem Schaum­ stoff liegt neben den hohen Materialkosten für schäumbares Polystyrol in seiner geringen Bruchfestigkeit und daß er nicht verrottet, also auch nicht kompostierbar ist. Ferner werden beim Verbrennen dieser Kunststoffe übelriechende Gase und um­ weltschädliche Verbrennungsprodukte erzeugt.To date, very light molded articles have been made exclusively from ge foamed polystyrene. The disadvantage of this foam fabric lies next to the high material costs for foamable Polystyrene in its low breaking strength and that it is not rot, so it is not compostable. Furthermore when burning these plastics malodorous gases and around produces harmful combustion products.

Gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird nach einer Vorbehand­ lung mit lignolytischen Mikroorganismen und/oder deren Enzyme und keiner Nachbehandlung oder einer Nachbehandlung mit schwach alkalischen Lösungen gezielt teildefibriert, so daß in einem einzigen Arbeitsgang neben nicht gefibriertem Strohhäcksel eine definierte Menge Strohfaserstoff vorliegt. Zur Bildung der Formkörper wird nun das Überschußwasser in einer Hohlform ohne Preßdruck abgenutscht, entformt und bei erhöhter Temperatur ge­ trocknet. Der Formkörper hält bereits im feuchten Zustand so fest zusammen, daß er gut handhabbar ist. According to the method according to the invention, after a pretreatment treatment with lignolytic microorganisms and / or their enzymes and no post-treatment or post-treatment with weak targeted partial defibrillation of alkaline solutions, so that in one a single operation in addition to a non-shredded straw chop defined amount of straw pulp is present. To form the Shaped body is now the excess water in a hollow shape without Pressed pressure sucked off, removed from the mold and ge at elevated temperature dries. The molded body already holds in this way when wet firmly together that it is easy to handle.  

Nun gibt es Formkörper, bei denen die Festigkeitswerte, die ausschließlich durch die Verfilzung erreicht werden, nicht aus­ reichen. Die Festigkeiten können für solche Formkörper dadurch erheblich gesteigert werden, daß man verhältnismäßig geringe Mengen Bindemittel der Faserstoff-Häcksel-Suspension zusetzt. Als Bindemittel kommen bevorzugt Latex, Polyvinylacetat-Emul­ sionen, Wasserglas und/oder deren Mischungen untereinander in Frage. Der Zusatz der Bindemittel hat erstaunlicherweise über­ haupt keinen verzögernden Einfluß auf die Absauggeschwindigkeit.Now there are moldings in which the strength values that can only be achieved by matting, not from pass. The strength can be for such molded articles be significantly increased that one is relatively small Add amounts of binder to the fiber chop suspension. Latex, polyvinyl acetate emuls are preferred as binders ions, water glass and / or their mixtures with one another Question. The addition of the binders is surprisingly over no delay at all on the suction speed.

Sofern man Bindemittel, z. B. aus Festigkeitsgründen zusetzt, kann man auch eine Mischung von Naturhäcksel mit separat herge­ stelltem Faserstoff, bevorzugt aus Altpapier, verwenden, denn das auf dem Faserstoff verteilte Bindemittel erzeugt trotz ge­ ringer Mengen eine ca. zehnmal höhere Bruchfestigkeit als die reine Verfilzungsbindung. Ferner ist es auch dann noch möglich, den Strohhäckselanteil durch andere Stoffe zu ersetzen, wie Holzschliff und Holzmehl (insbesondere bei Verwendung von Polyvinylacetat-Emulsionen) oder Glas- bzw. Kunststoffasern. Zur Verbesserung der Wasserabweisung kann man in bekannter Weise der Faserstoff-Häcksel-Suspension Imprägniermittel und zur Reduzierung der Entflammbarkeit des Formkörpers z. B. Harn­ stoff zusetzen.If you use binders, e.g. B. for strength reasons, you can also mix a natural chop with separately provided fiber, preferably from waste paper, because the binder distributed on the fibrous material produces despite ge small amounts about ten times higher breaking strength than that pure matting bond. Furthermore, it is still possible to replace the straw chop share with other substances, such as Wood pulp and wood flour (especially when using Polyvinyl acetate emulsions) or glass or plastic fibers. To improve water repellency, one can in known Way of fiber pulp chop suspension and impregnation to reduce the flammability of the molding z. B. urine add fabric.

Claims (5)

1. Verfahren zum Herstellen leichter Formkörper aus lignocel­ lulosehaltigem Pflanzenmaterial, wie Einjahrespflanzen, durch Vorbehandeln mit Alkalilauge, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß statt mit Alkalilauge das Pflanzenmaterial mit ligno­ lytischen Mikroorganismen und/oder deren Enzyme vorbehan­ delt, keiner oder einer Nachbehandlung mit sehr schwach al­ kalischen Lösungen und dann einer gezielten Teildefibrierung in einem Defibrator, z. B. Pulper, unterworfen und anschlie­ ßend ohne Preßdruck nur abgenutscht und getrocknet wird.1. A process for the production of light moldings from lignocel-containing plant material, such as annual plants, by pretreatment with alkali metal hydroxide solution, characterized in that the plant material is treated with lignolytic microorganisms and / or their enzymes instead of with alkali metal hydroxide solution, none or a post-treatment with very weakly alkaline Solutions and then a targeted partial defibrillation in a defibrator, e.g. B. pulper, subjected and then only sucked and dried without pressure. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Erhöhung der Festigkeitswerte verhältnismäßig geringe Binde­ mittelmengen, bevorzugt Latex, Polyvinylacetat-Emulsionen und/oder Wasserglas oder Mischungen untereinander zugesetzt werden.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that for Increase in the strength values of relatively small bandages medium amounts, preferably latex, polyvinyl acetate emulsions and / or water glass or mixtures with one another will. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei Bindemittelzusatz dem Häckselanteil der Faseranteil in Form von Zellstoff, bevorzugt aus Altpapier hergestellt, zuge­ setzt wird.3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that at Binder additive to the chop portion of the fiber portion in the form of pulp, preferably made from waste paper is set. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei Bindemittelzusatz der Häckselanteil durch Holzschliff, Holz­ mehl, Kokosfasern, Glas- und Kunststoff-Fasern oder Mi­ schungen untereinander ersetzt wird. 4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that at Binder addition of the chopped portion by sanding wood, wood flour, coconut fibers, glass and plastic fibers or Mi is replaced among each other.   5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Formmasse vor dem Abnutschen Imprägniermittel zur Erhöhung der Wasserabweisung und/oder Mittel zur Reduzierung der Ent­ flammbarkeit zugesetzt werden.5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the Molding compound before the suction filter Impregnant to increase water repellency and / or means of reducing ent flammability can be added.
DE19883809413 1988-03-21 1988-03-21 Manufacture of light mouldings from lignocellulose-containing plant material by means of lignolytic microorganisms Expired DE3809413C1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19883809413 DE3809413C1 (en) 1988-03-21 1988-03-21 Manufacture of light mouldings from lignocellulose-containing plant material by means of lignolytic microorganisms

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19883809413 DE3809413C1 (en) 1988-03-21 1988-03-21 Manufacture of light mouldings from lignocellulose-containing plant material by means of lignolytic microorganisms

Publications (1)

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DE3809413C1 true DE3809413C1 (en) 1989-11-09

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19618554A1 (en) * 1996-05-09 1997-11-27 Lothar Ruehland Shaped part consisting of straw fibers, paper fibers and a binder and method for producing such a shaped part
FR2756571A1 (en) * 1996-12-02 1998-06-05 Creca Preparing packaging materials
DE19843184A1 (en) * 1998-09-21 2000-04-20 Hannes Rieder Biodegradable plastic packaging and rubbish disposal material is composed mainly of vegetable fibers with a bonding agent as pellets or granules for production of bins or buckets or film bags
CN107419588A (en) * 2017-05-23 2017-12-01 东莞市白天鹅纸业有限公司 A kind of preparation method of paper for daily use paper pulp

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2516121A1 (en) * 1975-04-12 1976-10-21 Becker & Van Huellen PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING FIBER BOARD BY THE WET PROCESS
EP0246588A1 (en) * 1986-05-20 1987-11-25 Peter Grohmann Process for preparing light moulded bodies, free of binders and not harmful to the environment, from a material containing lignocellulose

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2516121A1 (en) * 1975-04-12 1976-10-21 Becker & Van Huellen PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING FIBER BOARD BY THE WET PROCESS
EP0246588A1 (en) * 1986-05-20 1987-11-25 Peter Grohmann Process for preparing light moulded bodies, free of binders and not harmful to the environment, from a material containing lignocellulose

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DE-Buch: Handbuch der Papier- und Pappen- fabrikation, Verlagsbteilung T + W, Niederwalluf, 2. Auflage, 1971 *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19618554A1 (en) * 1996-05-09 1997-11-27 Lothar Ruehland Shaped part consisting of straw fibers, paper fibers and a binder and method for producing such a shaped part
FR2756571A1 (en) * 1996-12-02 1998-06-05 Creca Preparing packaging materials
DE19843184A1 (en) * 1998-09-21 2000-04-20 Hannes Rieder Biodegradable plastic packaging and rubbish disposal material is composed mainly of vegetable fibers with a bonding agent as pellets or granules for production of bins or buckets or film bags
CN107419588A (en) * 2017-05-23 2017-12-01 东莞市白天鹅纸业有限公司 A kind of preparation method of paper for daily use paper pulp
CN107419588B (en) * 2017-05-23 2019-06-25 东莞市白天鹅纸业有限公司 A kind of preparation method of paper for daily use paper pulp

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Legal Events

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8100 Publication of the examined application without publication of unexamined application
D1 Grant (no unexamined application published) patent law 81
8364 No opposition during term of opposition
8339 Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee