DE376743C - Process for the production of plastic masses for insulation purposes - Google Patents

Description

Process for the production of plastic fibers for insulation purposes. Up to now it was not possible to convert lignite into a solid, acid-resistant binder Manufacture of articles and. Manufacture all kinds of insulating bodies.

The finely ground brown coal is used for this purpose according to the invention first by heating finely ground brown coal with caustic alkali, alkali sulphite or alkali cellulose sulphite waste liquors in the so-called Mellogen-, Physomellogen- and humic acid salts, which are further dissolved in water and passed through Filtration or decanting of insoluble parts (such as coal and ash) be separated. The salts obtained in such form - after by evaporation Excess water is removed - will be concentrated or even crystallized Mold treated with strong mineral acids with the passage of heated air until the salts are converted into acids.

The acids obtained in this way are after washing out free acids and Salts heated with steam and processed until all the water is driven off. Further The conversion to binding agents for insulation purposes can be carried out in the following two ways will.

Example i.

One mixes z. B. 4o parts of a ketone, e.g. B. acetone, 45 parts of a phenol, e.g. B. Resorcinol, prepared 100 parts of the type indicated above - acids from lignite and boils the mixture with the addition of 5 to - 8 parts of fuming hydrochloric acid in an autoclave, preferably with stirring. After one to three hours of heating at 150 to 250 ° C., a homogeneous black mass is obtained, which is tough, hard and acid-resistant when cooled. If this product is mixed with finely powdered glass, paints, earth, cement, sand and especially with asbestos, a wide variety of articles for use (handles, buttons, etc.) can be made from it. The product with glass, porcelain, asbestos and mica powder is particularly suitable for electrical insulating articles because of its high insulating properties, acid resistance and heat resistance, as it is much cheaper than other similar materials for the same purposes (e.g. Bakelyte).

Example12. The same mixture is used as in Example i, only used instead of a ketone -nan aldehyde, e.g. B. Formaldehyde, and boils with smoking Hydrochloric acid in the presence of up to 1/2 percent of an oxygen-rich acid (Cr 03 or the like) or another compound (e.g. Na = O_), per compounds and the like). Condensation products which are also used as in Example i are also obtained and can be edited.

These products are particularly suitable for gramophone records because of their strength and softness of voice, if one of these binders is good graphite mixes. Even is the tough, the playback a. larger and the Needles are not easily attacked.

Of course, other substances such as Shellac and sodium stearate are added.

Like lignite, peat can also be used. Only if the If peat does not have enough humic acid-forming substances in it, such peat has to be given to it subject to half charring process. This is achieved when you cut the peat 3 to Heated for 5 hours at a temperature of r5o to 28o ° C, which is best with superheated steam is to be achieved.

Such half-charring results in a resinification or a higher content of humic and mellogenic acids, etc.

Claims (1)

PATENT-ANSPRUCII: Process for the production of plastic masses for Insulation purposes, consisting in the fact that brown coal or peat, optionally beforehand was heated to temperatures of r5o to 280 ° C, with caustic alkali solutions or others alkaline lye extracted and the filtrate after addition of mineral acids to dryness evaporated and washed, whereupon the residue after the addition of phenols and Ketones or aldehydes heated with fuming hydrochloric acid in closed vessels and, if necessary, processed after adding fillers and dyes to moldings will.