DE3715807C1 - Protection against threats such as shells - Google Patents

Abstract

The arrangement has at least one primary coil device connected to a current supply with its axis in the threat direction, a secondary coil device coaxial to the or each primary coil, an active body in one unit with the primary or secondary coil, a measurement sensor for detecting an approaching shell and an evaluation and coordination device which receives the sensor signal and generates a dependent control signal to connect the primary coil device(s) to the current supply. The secondary coil device contains several secondary coils forming a common mesh surface (1) transverse to the direction of threat. The primary coil device (2) contains several primary coils in a mesh opposite the secondary coil mesh. The primary coils are connected to the current supply so that the magnetic field vectors (beta) of adjacent primary coils are antiparallel.

Description

The invention relates to a protective device according to the preamble of claim 1.

Such a protective device is in German Pa tent registration P 37 11 635.5 described and under differs from other active or reactive Protective devices using pyrotechnic means work in that a threat in the form of a approaching projectile towards an active body is thrown by a strong, inductive excited magnetic field is accelerated.

In the known protective device is a Meßfü leranordnung provided, which due to an approach approaching threat measurement data to an evaluation and  Coordinator delivers. This evaluation and coordinator detects speed and direction of the floor and determines the time to which a primary coil by a strong current is to be excited from a capacitor bank. Through this Excitation is between this primary coil and one secondary formed as a metal ring or metal plate a strong magnetic repulsion excited by which an active body hurled towards the projectile is that he is with this at a precisely defined Point meets. Here, the active body of the primary coil itself, from the secondary coil or also from a separate, through the magnetic repulsion accelerated active bodies between the two coils be educated.

The particular advantage of this older protective device lies in the almost complete reproducibility all parameters, so that it is possible for the first time, a incoming bullet in the final phase of its flight to hit exactly and to disturb accordingly. According to preferred training is the well-known Schützenin direction, possibly also the type of Ge to determine lap and accordingly one To control the primary coil, the active body of which is suitable, effectively destroy that particular projectile. It is also possible a primary coil, secondary coil and ge if necessary, an active body for protection element summarize and several such Schutzele stacking elements on top of each other. Depending on the type of arriving the floor will not only be the one above lying protection element triggered, but it can also several protective elements sitting one above the other triggered early, or there may be an underlying of the protective element are triggered so that the against  the projectile moved mass enlarged and to the respective Floor can be adjusted.

Another major advantage of the well-known protection institution is that the Be protected by it empire is much larger than the one it occupies Mounting surface. It is possible that on a Vehicle also such areas through the older protection facility that can not be protected by the are covered.

A major disadvantage of the older protective device lies in their relatively low efficiency: it is possible by inserting evaporators to improve this efficiency, but it will be here due to the reproducibility of the accelerations effect and the flight behavior of the active body does.

Another problem is that the hits accuracy of the active body to only relatively short Distance is given: first of all, it turns across disks extending in its direction of acceleration shaped active bodies due to its high air resistance relatively slowed down; on the other hand, tends such a missile at the slightest uneven in the inflow to turn and an in stable flight position, so that despite the Rich tion and amount of exactly reproducible acceleration the exact trajectory is unpredictable. It must therefore after a relatively short flight such a large spread that the Collision with the incoming floor no longer ge is guaranteed.

On the other hand, it would be desirable to disrupt, combat and, in particular, destroy an incoming projectile at a considerable distance, for example up to 100 m: the older protective device is able to effectively disrupt armor-piercing shaped charge and balancing projectiles; however, there are threats against which the older protective device is no longer sufficiently effective:

• - with warfare agents, e.g. B. incendiary and poison gas, ge filled bullets keep theirs despite their destruction essential effect on the goal when the Zer disturbance does not occur far enough before the goal.
• - For multi-part floors, two or more floors body a relatively large mutual Have distance, it is possible that because of the small area extension of the plate-shaped active body the trailing projectile body remains undisturbed. Since this undisturbed projectile body already exists is very close to the object to be protected, it is usually no longer possible to be inadequate to recognize defense and by exciting a white react to it.

Based on this problem, the invention is the Task based on the effective depth of the protective device increase.

This object is achieved by the features of claim 1 solved.

This is not, as with the older protective device, only one primary coil and one opposite Secondary coil arranged, but these two protections facilities are each as a mesh arrangement trained by primary and secondary coils,  each primary coil having a corresponding secondary opposite coil. When triggering the fiction all primary coils are in accordance with the protective device connected to the power supply at the same time. Before However, the suspension is that the respective neighboring beard primary coils are flowed through by the current that their assigned magnetic field vectors antiparallel ver run so that in the adjacent or building merged sections of adjacent secondary coils a current flow is generated in the same direction.

This arrangement has already been used in initial laboratory tests an efficiency of 18% achieved through optimization ren of the primary coil design (e.g. by right square or square wire cross section) still ver can be improved.

It is thus possible with the protection device according to the invention direction, with the power supply remaining the same better use of electrical energy and thus the effect accelerate body to a greater extent and thus white fling more than has been the case up to now.

It can be seen that with increasing number of stitches the Coil arrangements of efficiency even further is improved so that the mass of the active body because of the larger surface area of the coil arrangements compared to the older disc-shaped active body will be bigger.  

This is advantageously compensated for by the fact that the active body is also designed as a grid body becomes. This reduces the mass of the active body and therefore the speed increases.

As already mentioned in the patent application mentioned at the beginning mentioned, the content of which is fully referred to in the this application is included, it is basically possible, both the secondary coil also use the primary coil as an active body. However, the primary coil preferably remains stationary, so that they can be used several times if necessary can. It is also possible to add an additional one the accelerated coil device driven Use active body.

In any case, it is according to the inventions of particular advantage, the active body, he said now designed as a coil device or not, as preferably to form coherent lattice bodies. Such a lattice body has a relative low air resistance and on the other hand behaves flight stability. This is it possible the active body with sufficient hits accuracy even over longer flight distances up to approx To hurl 100 m, being due to the proportionate high surface area of such a lattice body a certain amount of scatter across the direction of flight com is pensated. It is thus possible with the Invention  Protective device with chemical bullets Destroy warfare agents at a distance, in which the type of projectile can be recognized and protective measures, e.g. B. the withdrawal can to the effect of these chemical warfare agents to escape. It is also possible due to the high depth of action Lich, a few vehicles with Invention protective devices are equipped against a larger association of unprotected vehicles to a certain extent use as a protective shield, since the invention Protective devices are able, even such Ge ward off effective shots, which in considerable ent flying past the protective device, in advance set, terrain formation and enemy distance leave the then required early detection.

According to a further embodiment, it is the Erfin advantage, as with the older protective device tion to form protective elements that are assembled are from a primary coil device, a second Därspuleneinrichtung and possibly a geson derten active body, and several such protective elements stack on top of each other. It is not only possible here Lich, with the same protective device several times ward off a threat in a row, the Defense sequence only from the capacity of the power supply depends, but it is also possible by equal early excitation of overlying protective elements or by energizing an underlying protective element larger masses in certain graduation against a Be threat to hurl, thereby all floors ward off the body of a tandem floor.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention it is also possible if the active body itself the secondary coil forms and the shape of one together  hanging grid, this grid consists of at least to form two interlocking partial grids, wel che together form the secondary coil device. As far as this sub-grid then by material and / or Air resistance will also differ an active body with an enlarged active in the direction of flight created deep. Here are considered materials preferably aluminum. Copper and / or titanium used.

Such composite secondary coil devices forming active bodies can also be part of a protective element form mentes so that by simultaneously or on top of each other subsequent excitation of overlapping protection elements also threats with very large mass, such as e.g. B. guided missile, disturbed and ge from the trajectory can be brought.

For a particularly good flight behavior of the active body to achieve the protective device according to the invention, is according to a further embodiment of the invention the lattice body forming the active body with very narrow webs formed; so z. B. in one Laboratory arrangement a lattice body made of aluminum or Proven copper, which has a mesh size of about 50 mm, a web width of about 4 mm and a web height (in Acceleration direction measured) of about 10 mm pointed. A lattice mass of about 50 g was used accelerated to over 60 m / s. Such a grid body per is capable of attacking in a major overflight height (mainly in the range of 50 m to 100 m) to ward off.

So much for the lattice body forming the active body The secondary coil forms the electrical one Conductivity of the material used for us degree of vital importance. So far the  Secondary coil (or primary coil) only the Task as "drift grid" is fulfilled on this one separate lattice body designed as an "active lattice" per put on, as its material then all end materials of ballistic interest come into consideration men can, such as. B. preferably steel, hard metal, Heavy metal and ceramics. All achieved here common to the material with the higher specific Ge important the greater accuracy of the shot on larger Ent distance. With the actual choice of material is depending but also to consider the nature of the threat: the object to be protected is part of a water vehicle, e.g. B. the bridge of a destroyer, then can be an approaching threat very early be recognized early. It is therefore an active body with to strive for a long range, even if that Initial speed may be relatively slow should. The case is different. B. in a scout tank that is used in confusing terrain is and its protective device be an active body which requires a particularly high initial speed speed, because to detect an approaching Threat is available for a very short time.

The term "lattice body" is used here in general Senses related; it is therefore not necessary that all meshes of such a grid are of the same size or are only similar, albeit a lattice body a particularly good one with the same stitch formation Efficiency achieved. It is therefore according to a white ter embodiment of the invention especially from before partly that the mesh size and shape to the surface Chen training adapted to the object to be protected is, for example, an armored vehicle to be protected stuff. It is therefore by the A according to the invention direction preferred for  to use a protective device that extends over a relatively large area section of such Vehicle extends, with necessary surfaces educations such as B. viewing slots, by appropriate Mesh training can be omitted. It is so even possible and possibly advantageous that the The lattice body itself is not flat, but curved is, with only the grid bars each in levels should lie perpendicular to the defense's radial planes direction to ensure the required flight stability to ensure.

Since the protective device according to the invention is an except has a sufficiently large effective depth are too protective object only relatively little protection facilities sufficient that are the main threat secure directions. It is therefore according to one before preferred design of advantage, the fiction assign a donor according to the protective device which the after every excitation of the protective device used parts are replaced. So it is z. B. possible to arrange a stationary primary coil grid, which one from each magazine Secondary coil grid forming active body can be attached is. This magazine can e.g. B. to protect in the event of one the vehicle can be arranged in its interior or in the case of ship superstructures to be protected by a Ammunition elevator are replenished.

The protective device described is fundamental and preferably attached stationary; here is for each protective device has a direction of defense, of which at most by uneven control of the primary coils of the primary coil grid slightly can be deviated. But it is also possible and where there is early detection of a threat,  also advantageous to be the protective device in turn attachable, but the evaluation and Coordination facility then also the respective Re must take into account the relative position of the protective device.

Basically, the protective device according to the invention destined to avert threats from the air. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention but it is also possible to use the protection according to the invention Defense against stationary and earthbound be use threats, for example to ward off landmines. The particular advantage here is that as a result the strong existing interference fields often the location of a Landmine can only be roughly identified. Because of the large area and he considerable kinetic energy that the lattice-shaped active body has, however, it is also possible by means of this To hit the trigger of a land mine and trigger them reliably.

It may also be advantageous to use the sensors arrangement and the evaluation and coordination to bridge the direction with a hand switch, by means of the protection according to the invention if necessary device can be triggered directly by hand. Also preferred is a device for unloading the Power supply device provided to outside of direct use endangers man shaft and device to avoid.

The object of the invention is based on the attached th, schematic drawing for example explained in more detail; in this show:

Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of part of the protective device according to the invention, and

FIGS. 2a to c show a protection device equipped with the inventive armored vehicle at different phases of the defense of the approach of projectiles.

In Fig. 1, a secondary coil device 1 is shown in the form of a solid, flat honeycomb grid with approximately square tables honeycombs made of aluminum or copper. In the case of this grid, its webs have a relatively small width and a relatively large depth. The mesh size is also relatively large compared to the width of the web.

Opposite and aligned with the secondary coil grid 1 is a primary coil grid 2 composed of individual primary coils, each represented only in a simplified manner by a loop. These primary coils are arranged so that their clear width corresponds exactly to that of the individual meshes of the secondary coil grid.

The adjacent primary coils of the primary coil grid 2 each have current I flowing through them in opposite directions, so that the magnetic induction of adjacent primary coils anti, which is denoted by an arrow, runs anti-parallel.

As can be seen, a formed from solid metal tes secondary coil grid 1 opposite z. B. a massive plate of the same size has a considerably smaller mass, which, based on the unit area, is less than a tenth. Compared to an arrangement with a solid secondary coil plate and only a single primary coil in the arrangement shown in FIG. 1, the initial speed is increased by a factor of about 3 because of the low mass of the secondary coil grid 1 .

In Fig. 2 an armored vehicle 4 is shown that a first protective device 5 on its front and a second protective device 6 on its top in front of the tower. There is a sensor arrangement S on the tower itself.

Two warheads 8 and 9 are also shown, of which the warhead 9 attacks the vehicle 4 in overflight, and is intended to act on the vehicle from above when it is above the vehicle. The shaped charge warhead 8 attacks the vehicle from the front and would hit the vehicle directly if it were not repelled.

As indicated in Fig. 2a, the sensor detects the two warheads 8 and 9 .

The sensor arrangement S has received the two warheads 8 and 9 and outputs its measured values to the evaluation and coordination device (not shown) which, taking into account the flight time of the active body of the protective devices 5 , 6 and the flight speed and direction of the warheads 8 , 9 calculates the intersection points and thus also the triggering time for the protective devices 5 , 6 . The primary coils of the protective devices 5 , 6 are connected to the power supply at the correct triggering time.

In Fig. 2b, the phase is shown shortly after energizing of the two protection devices 5, 6; the respective associated, lattice-like active body 1 moves towards the warhead and meets it ( Fig. 2c) at the predetermined point ( Fig. 2c). It is possible to monitor the entire process by means of the measuring arrangement S: it is possible for those parameters which determine the trajectory and speed of the active bodies 1 to change over time, for example by changing the air temperature and density . In this case, it is possible to determine via the sensor arrangement S whether the respective active body 1 is hitting the associated warhead 8 , 9 at the calculated time or a little before or after. The evaluation and coordination device can then be readjusted automatically from this measurement result.

Because of the relatively low flow resistance of the active grid 1 , the protective device according to the invention can also advantageously be used under water, for example to protect the side wall of a ship against approaching torpedoes or against sea mines. Here, the entire grid arrangement can be embedded in the side wall or covered by a slightly fragile formwork so that the flow resistance is relatively low while driving. If a sensor detects a torpedo, a possibly rising sea mine or, in the case of submarines, a water bomb, the associated protective device is excited and the explosion of the attacking combat body takes place at a distance from the side wall or outer skin, causing damage of the ship is avoided.

Because of the light weight of the active body is also the recoil acting on the protective device ver relatively low and is also the total protection direction relatively easy. It is therefore possible a protective device according to the invention is also advantageous on the underside of a helicopter especially for Defense against surface-to-air missiles.

Claims (10)

1. Protective device to avert threats, preferably from projectiles, with

• 1. at least one primary coil device that can be connected to a power supply, the axis of which points in the direction of defense,
• 2. in each case a secondary coil device which is arranged co axially to the associated primary coil device,
• 3. in each case at least one active body, which is preferably designed as a structural unit with the associated primary or secondary coil device,
• 4. a sensor arrangement for detecting an approaching projectile, which is set up to emit a measurement signal, and
• 5. an evaluation and coordination device which is set up to receive the measurement signals and, depending on these, to emit a control signal for connecting the suitable primary coil device (s) to the power supply,

characterized by

• 1. that the secondary coil device is formed by a plurality of secondary coils which are arranged next to one another in a common surface extending transversely to the direction of defense and form a stitch arrangement ( 1 ),
• 2. that the primary coil device ( 2 ) has a plurality of primary coils, one of which is opposite a stitch of the stitch arrangement, and
• 3. that the primary coils are connected to the power supply so that the magnetic field vectors () neighboring primary coils run antiparallel.

2. Protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the accelerated in the defense direction coil device, preferably the secondary coil device, is formed as at least one coherent grid body ( 1 ). 3. Protection device according to claim 2, characterized records that when using the secondary coil device tion as an active body from at least two active bodies different materials nested are. 4. Protection device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the secondary coils  direction from at least one material from the group There is aluminum, copper and titanium. 5. Protection device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized by an additional, on the loading Active body placed on the threat side. 6. Protection device according to claim 5, characterized records that the additional active body as a grid body is formed. 7. Protection device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in each case a primary coil device ( 2 ), a secondary coil device ( 1 ) and optionally an active body are combined to form a protective element, and that at least two protective elements are arranged one above the other, which are successive or can be connected to the power supply at the same time. 8. Protection device according to one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the grid body ( 1 ) which forms the active body in particular has a web width which is only small in relation to the web height and internal width. 9. Protection device according to one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the mesh shape of the grid body ( 1 ) is adapted to the surface configurations of an object to be protected, preferably a vehicle ( 4 ). 10. Protection device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by a dispenser to replace the elements accelerated in the defense direction new.