DE370975C - Process for reduction or hydrogenation - Google Patents

Process for reduction or hydrogenation

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Publication number
DE370975C
DE370975C DEF47538D DEF0047538D DE370975C DE 370975 C DE370975 C DE 370975C DE F47538 D DEF47538 D DE F47538D DE F0047538 D DEF0047538 D DE F0047538D DE 370975 C DE370975 C DE 370975C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
hydrogenation
reduction
heated
formate
formates
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEF47538D
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German (de)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FRANZ FISCHER DR
HANS SCHRADER DR
Original Assignee
FRANZ FISCHER DR
HANS SCHRADER DR
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by FRANZ FISCHER DR, HANS SCHRADER DR filed Critical FRANZ FISCHER DR
Priority to DEF47538D priority Critical patent/DE370975C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE370975C publication Critical patent/DE370975C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zur Reduktion oder Hydrierung. Die redazierende,Wirkung der Ameisensäure und ihrer Salze ist bekannt. Die der freien Säure wird gewöhnlich in wässerigen Lösungen, die -der Salze in. trockener Form benutzt. Im letzteren Falle wird z. B. Kalziumformiat, fein gepulvert, mit dem zu reduzierenden Stoff innig gemischt und auf einige zoo° erhitzt. Oder es werden zu reduzierende oder hydrierende Substanzen in trockner Form mit trockenernFormiat gemischt, in geschlossenem Gefäße auf Temperaturen erhitzt, die etwas unter dem Zersetzungspunkt des angewandten Formiats liegen (Britische Patentschrift 23377 [I912]). Es wurde gefunden, daß beim Arbeiten unter Druck bei Gegenwart von wässeriger Feuchtigkeit, insbesondere wenn man die Formiate in Form wässeriger Lösungen bei Temperaturen über ioo° verwendet, die Formiate sich nicht nur als überraschend beständig erweisen, sondern auch außerordentlich starke Reduktionskraft zeigen. Bei der Behandlung feuchter Stoffe, z. B. Kohle und Torf, ist es nicht absolut notwendig, außer dem Formiat noch Wasser zuzugeben. Die Feuchtigkeit des betreffenden Stoffes reicht dann aus. Da alle Formiate beim Erhitzen außer Wasserstoff auch große Mengen Kohlenoxyd entwickeln (K. A. H o f in a n n und K. S c h u m p e 1 t, Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft 49, 307 bis 309 [IgI6]), so scheint die Gegenwart von Wasser insofern günstig zu wirken, als durch Umsetzung von Kohlenoxyd und Wasserdampf zu Kohlensäure und Wasserstoff naszierender Wasserstoff erzeugt wird.Process for reduction or hydrogenation. The reducing effect of formic acid and its salts is well known. That of the free acid is usually used in aqueous solutions, that of the salts in dry form. In the latter case z. B. calcium formate, finely powdered, intimately mixed with the substance to be reduced and heated to a few zoo °. Or substances to be reduced or hydrogenated are mixed in dry form with dry formate, heated in closed vessels to temperatures slightly below the decomposition point of the formate used (British Patent 23377 [1912]). It has been found that when working under pressure in the presence of aqueous moisture, especially when the formates are used in the form of aqueous solutions at temperatures above 100 °, the formates not only prove to be surprisingly stable, but also show extremely strong reducing power. When treating moist substances, e.g. B. coal and peat, it is not absolutely necessary to add water in addition to the formate. The moisture of the substance in question is then sufficient. Since all formates develop large amounts of carbon oxide as well as hydrogen when heated (KA H of in ann and K. S chumpe 1 t, reports of the German Chemical Society 49, 307 to 309 [IgI6]), the presence of water seems to be beneficial in this respect act as nascent hydrogen is produced by the conversion of carbon dioxide and water vapor to carbonic acid and hydrogen.

Ausführungsbeispiel z.Embodiment z.

In einer druckfesten Apparatur werden 2o g Urteerphenole (Siedepunkt 25o bis 34o°) in 20 ccm 5 n Natronlauge gelöst, mit 2o g Natriumformiat 3 Stunden auf 400° erhitzt. In dem Reaktionsprodukt befinden sich dann 8,6 g alkaliunlösliche Öle.In a pressure-resistant apparatus, 2o g of primordial tar phenols (boiling point 25o to 34o °) dissolved in 20 ccm of 5N sodium hydroxide solution, with 20 g of sodium formate for 3 hours heated to 400 °. The reaction product then contains 8.6 g of alkali-insoluble Oils.

Ausführungsbeispiele. 4 g nicht völlig getrocknete Braunkohle werden mit 8 g N atriumformiat und 8 g Wasser 3 Stunden im Druckgefäß auf 40o° erhitzt. Von dem Reaktionsprodukt sind 44,9 Prozent des Gewichtes der angewandten Reinkohle ätherlösliche Öle.Embodiments. 4 g of not completely dried brown coal will be heated with 8 g of sodium formate and 8 g of water for 3 hours in a pressure vessel at 40o °. The reaction product is 44.9 percent of the weight of the pure coal used essential oils.

Aus führungsbeispiel3.Example 3.

4 g nicht völlig getrocknete Braunkohle werden mit 8 g trockenem Natriumformiat innig gemischt und 3 Stunden im Druckgefäß auf 4oo° erhitzt. Das Reaktionsprodukt enthält 44 Prozent der Menge der angewandten Beinkohle ätherlösliche Öle.4 g of not completely dried brown coal are mixed with 8 g of dry sodium formate mixed intimately and heated to 4oo ° in a pressure vessel for 3 hours. The reaction product 44 percent of the amount of charcoal used contains essential oils.

Aus Phenolen u. dgl. können laut Ausführungsbeispiel Z neutrale Öle hergestellt werden; aus Kohle laut Beispiel e und 3 ölige l;zw. harzartige Stoffe. Das Verfahren, das bald reduzierend, bald hydrierend wirkt, ist auf die verschiedensten Stoffe anwendbar. Auch der Zusatz von wasserstoffübertragenden Katalysatoren, wie z. B. Palladium, -Nickel, Chromsalze u. a. in., kann gelegentlich zum Vorteil sein. Selbstverständlich wird durch Bewegung des Apparatinhaltes, sei es durch Rühren, Schütteln o. dgl., die Umsetzung erleichtert. Auch können die Formiate durch Einpressen von Kohlenoxyd in dem dazu geeigneten Verbindungen enthaltenden Apparat aus ihnen vor oder während des Versuches erzeugt werden.According to the exemplary embodiment Z, neutral oils can be produced from phenols and the like getting produced; from coal according to example e and 3 oily oil; betw. resinous substances. The procedure that sometimes reducing, sometimes hydrating applicable to a wide variety of substances. Also the addition of hydrogen-transferring Catalysts such as B. palladium, nickel, chromium salts and others. in., may occasionally be to the advantage. It goes without saying that by moving the contents of the apparatus, it facilitates the implementation by stirring, shaking or the like. The formates by injecting carbon monoxide in the compound containing suitable for this purpose Apparatus can be generated from them before or during the experiment.

Claims (1)

P ATENT-AIN'sPRUcH Verfahren zur Reduktion oder Hydrierung mit Formiaten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese bei Gegenwart von Wasser oder Feuchtigkeit unter Druck bei Temperaturen über ioo° verwendet werden.P ATENT-AIN'S REQUIREMENT Process for reduction or hydrogenation with formates, characterized in that it is below in the presence of water or moisture Pressure at temperatures above 100 ° can be used.
DEF47538D 1920-08-22 1920-08-22 Process for reduction or hydrogenation Expired DE370975C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEF47538D DE370975C (en) 1920-08-22 1920-08-22 Process for reduction or hydrogenation

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEF47538D DE370975C (en) 1920-08-22 1920-08-22 Process for reduction or hydrogenation

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE370975C true DE370975C (en) 1923-03-09

Family

ID=7101685

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEF47538D Expired DE370975C (en) 1920-08-22 1920-08-22 Process for reduction or hydrogenation

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE370975C (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE861844C (en) * 1943-06-23 1953-01-05 Bayer Ag Process for the reduction of organic compounds with the aid of formamide

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE861844C (en) * 1943-06-23 1953-01-05 Bayer Ag Process for the reduction of organic compounds with the aid of formamide

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