DE3703137C2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
DE3703137C2
DE3703137C2 DE3703137A DE3703137A DE3703137C2 DE 3703137 C2 DE3703137 C2 DE 3703137C2 DE 3703137 A DE3703137 A DE 3703137A DE 3703137 A DE3703137 A DE 3703137A DE 3703137 C2 DE3703137 C2 DE 3703137C2
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
layer
iron
chemisorption
salts
sorption
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
DE3703137A
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE3703137A1 (en
Inventor
Heinz Dipl.-Ing. Hoelter
Heinrich Dipl.-Ing. 4390 Gladbeck De Igelbuescher
Heinrich Ing.(Grad.) 4600 Dortmund De Gresch
Heribert Dipl.-Ing. 4390 Gladbeck De Dewert
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE19873703137 priority Critical patent/DE3703137A1/en
Publication of DE3703137A1 publication Critical patent/DE3703137A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE3703137C2 publication Critical patent/DE3703137C2/de
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
    • A61M16/105—Filters
    • A61M16/1055—Filters bacterial
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F24F8/117—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering using wet filtering
    • F24F8/133—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering using wet filtering by direct contact with liquid, e.g. with sprayed liquid
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D9/00—Composition of chemical substances for use in breathing apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/84—Biological processes
    • B01D53/85—Biological processes with gas-solid contact
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/102—Carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D2257/302—Sulfur oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/40—Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D2257/404—Nitrogen oxides other than dinitrogen oxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/40—Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D2257/406—Ammonia
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
    • B01D2257/704—Solvents not covered by groups B01D2257/702 - B01D2257/7027
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
    • B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/91—Bacteria; Microorganisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/45—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications
    • B01D2259/4508—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications for cleaning air in buildings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a method according to the Preamble of claim 1.

Es ist bekannt, daß die Atemluft sehr oft mit festen, flüssigen und gasförmigen Schadstoffen belastet ist, die beim Menschen zu erheblichen Schwierigkeiten im Atmungsbereich und zu Allergien führen können.It is known that breathing air is very common with solid, liquid and gaseous pollutants is burdened, which is significant in humans Difficulty breathing and allergies being able to lead.

Dabei kann es sich um saure Schadstoffe wie HF, HCl, SO3, SO2, NOx usw. oder basisch reagierende Schadstoffe wie Ammoniak, Amine usw. handeln. Weiterhin kann die Atemluft zusätzlich zu den anorganischen Schadstoffen auch die den Menschen gefährdenden organischen Schadstoffe wie Benzol, Dioxine, Furane, Benzpyrene, Aldehyde usw. und außerdem Tabakrauch enthalten.These can be acidic pollutants like HF, HCl, SO3, SO2, NOx etc. or basic reacting Act pollutants such as ammonia, amines, etc. Furthermore, the breathing air can be in addition to the inorganic pollutants also humans hazardous organic pollutants such as benzene, Dioxins, furans, benzpyrenes, aldehydes etc. and also contain tobacco smoke.

Sämtliche Schadstoffe können als Gas oder Aerosole zusätzlich gemeinsam mit Staub jeglicher Art (u. U. auch Bakterien, Viren, Milben, Pollen, Pilze usw.) in der Atemluft vorhanden sein.All pollutants can be gas or aerosols additionally together with dust of any kind (possibly also bacteria, viruses, mites, pollen, fungi etc.)  be present in the air we breathe.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Atemluft von den vorab aufgeführten Schadstoffen zu säubern, damit erkrankten Menschen geholfen werden kann und gesunde Menschen geschützt werden können. Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß durch das in An­ spruch 1 angegebene Verfahren. Durch den erfindungs­ gemäß eingesetzten Chemisorptionsfilter werden die in der Atemluft befindlichen Bazillen, Keime, Viren und Pilze abgetötet und zurückgehalten.The invention has for its object the breathing air to clean the pollutants listed above, so that sick people can be helped and healthy people can be protected. Solved is this task according to the invention in An pronounced 1 procedures. Through the fiction according to the chemisorption filter used bacilli, germs, viruses in the air we breathe and killed and withheld mushrooms.

In der Zeichnung ist dargestellt:
Mit (1) der Lufteintritt des Chemisorptionsfilters;
mit (2) die dem Chemisorptionsfilter vorgeschaltete Hochleistungsfeinstaub-Filterschicht;
mit (3) eine alkalisch reagierende Chemisorptions­ schicht, bestehend aus Raseneisenerz (FeOOH) und geblähten Körpern mit sehr großer Ober­ fläche, vorzugsweise ein geblähtes Natrium- Aluminiumsulfat und/oder Perlite, getränkt mit Natrium- oder Kaliumcarbonat oder ein Gemisch derselben oder Natronkalk. Alle Massen haben einen ph-Wert, der im Bereich von pH<12 liegt.The drawing shows:
With ( 1 ) the air inlet of the chemisorption filter;
with ( 2 ) the high-performance fine dust filter layer upstream of the chemisorption filter;
with ( 3 ) an alkaline chemisorption layer, consisting of turf iron ore (FeOOH) and bloated bodies with a very large surface, preferably a bloated sodium aluminum sulfate and / or perlite, soaked with sodium or potassium carbonate or a mixture thereof or soda lime. All masses have a pH value that is in the range of pH <12.

Mit (4) ist die nachfolgende Sorptionsschicht bezeich­ net, die aus geblähten Körpern mit sehr großer Oberfläche besteht, vorzugsweise ein geblähtes Natrium-Aluminiumsulfat und/oder Perlite, ge­ tränkt mit Eisen-II- und Eisen-III-Salzen. Es können auch weiterhin als Eisensalze Doppel­ salze wie Eisen-II- oder Eisen-III-Ammonium­ sulfate Anwendung finden. Zusätzlich werden bei der Tränkung den Eisensalzen Calcium­ chloriddihydrat zur Feuchtehaltung der Sorp­ tionsschicht zugegeben. Ebenfalls können zur Pufferung und pH-Wert-Konstanz mehrbasische Carbonsäuren Anwendung finden.With ( 4 ) the following sorption layer is referred to, which consists of expanded bodies with a very large surface area, preferably an expanded sodium aluminum sulfate and / or perlite, impregnated with iron (II) and iron (III) salts. Double salts such as iron (II) or iron (III) ammonium sulfate can also be used as iron salts. In addition, calcium chloride dihydrate is added to the iron salts to keep the sorption layer moist. Polybasic carboxylic acids can also be used for buffering and pH stability.

Alle Massen haben einen pH-Wert, der im Bereich von pH 0,5-1,5 liegt.All masses have a pH that is in the range of pH 0.5-1.5.

Mit (5) ist die Chemisorptionsschicht bezeichnet, die die Masse wie unter (3) beschrieben (alkalisch, pH<12) enthält.( 5 ) denotes the chemisorption layer which contains the mass as described under ( 3 ) (alkaline, pH <12).

Mit (6) ist eine neutrale Sorptionsschicht dargestellt, die vorzugsweise aus Aktiv-Kohle besteht. With ( 6 ) a neutral sorption layer is shown, which preferably consists of activated carbon.

Mit (7) ist eine dem Chemisorptionsfilter nachgeschal­ tete Hochleistungsfeinstaub-Filterschicht dargestellt.( 7 ) shows a high-performance fine dust filter layer downstream of the chemisorption filter.

Mit (8) ist der Reinluftaustritt des Chemisorptions­ filters dargestellt.With ( 8 ) the clean air outlet of the chemisorption filter is shown.

Claims (5)

1. Verfahren zur Abscheidung von Schadstoffen, Staub, Bakterien, Viren, Milben, Pollen, Pilzen usw. einschließlich Tabakrauch aus der Atemluft, indem diese nacheinander
  • - durch eine Hochleistungsfeinstaub-Filterschicht,
  • - durch ein Mehrschichten-Chemisorptionsfilter und nocheinmal
  • - durch eine Hochleistungsfeinstaub-Filterschicht geleitet wird,
1. Procedure for the separation of pollutants, dust, bacteria, viruses, mites, pollen, fungi etc. including tobacco smoke from the air we breathe, one after the other
  • - through a high-performance fine dust filter layer,
  • - through a multi-layer chemisorption filter and again
  • - is passed through a high-performance fine dust filter layer,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Mehrschichten- Chemisorptionsfilter Anwendung findet, der in Strömungsrichtung gesehen in folgender Schichten­ folge schüttbettgerecht aufgebaut ist:
  • - eine alkalische Chemisorptionsschicht (3) mit einem pH<12, bestehend aus Raseneisenerz (FeOOH) und geblähten Körpern mit sehr großer Oberfläche, getränkt mit Natrium- oder Kalium­ carbonat oder ein Gemisch derselben oder Natron­ kalk;
  • - eine saure Chemisorptionsschicht (4), mit einem pH von 0,5-1,5, die aus geblähten Körpern mit sehr großer Oberfläche besteht, getränkt mit Eisen-II- und Eisen-III-Salzen oder als Eisen­ doppelsalzen, wie Eisen-II- oder Eisen-III- Ammoniumsulfate, wobei zusätzlich bei der Trän­ kung den Eisensalzen Calciumchloriddihydrat zur Feuchtehaltung der Sorptionsschicht zugegeben wird;
  • - eine alkalische Chemisorptionsschicht (5), ent­ sprechend der Schicht (3);
  • - eine neutrale Sorptionsschicht (6).
 characterized in that a multi-layer chemisorption filter is used which, viewed in the direction of flow, is constructed in accordance with the following layers in the following layers:
  • - An alkaline chemisorption layer ( 3 ) with a pH <12, consisting of grass iron ore (FeOOH) and bloated bodies with a very large surface area, impregnated with sodium or potassium carbonate or a mixture thereof or soda lime;
  • - An acidic chemisorption layer ( 4 ), with a pH of 0.5-1.5, which consists of expanded bodies with a very large surface, impregnated with iron II and iron III salts or as iron double salts, such as iron II- or iron-III-ammonium sulfates, calcium chloride dihydrate being added to the iron salts in order to keep the sorption layer moist;
  • - An alkaline chemisorption layer ( 5 ), accordingly the layer ( 3 );
  • - A neutral sorption layer ( 6 ).
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die geblähten Körper in den Schichten (3), (4) und (5) aus geblähtem Natrium-Aluminiumsulfat und/oder Perlite bestehen.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the expanded body in the layers ( 3 ), ( 4 ) and ( 5 ) consist of expanded sodium aluminum sulfate and / or perlite. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekenn­ zeichnet, daß den Eisensalzen bei der Tränkung der Chemisorptionsschicht zusätzlich mehrbasische Carbonsäuren zugegeben werden, um eine erwünschte Pufferung und den vorgegebenen pH-Wert in der Masse zu erhalten.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized records that the iron salts in the impregnation the chemisorption layer additionally polybasic Carboxylic acids are added to a desired one Buffering and the specified pH in bulk to obtain. 4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die neutrale Sorp­ tionsschicht (6) aus Aktiv-Kohle besteht.4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the neutral sorption layer ( 6 ) consists of activated carbon.
DE19873703137 1987-02-03 1987-02-03 Multiply active bactericidal/fungicidal chemisorption filter for treating breathing air, in particular for allergic people Granted DE3703137A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873703137 DE3703137A1 (en) 1987-02-03 1987-02-03 Multiply active bactericidal/fungicidal chemisorption filter for treating breathing air, in particular for allergic people

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873703137 DE3703137A1 (en) 1987-02-03 1987-02-03 Multiply active bactericidal/fungicidal chemisorption filter for treating breathing air, in particular for allergic people

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE3703137A1 DE3703137A1 (en) 1988-08-18
DE3703137C2 true DE3703137C2 (en) 1991-02-07

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ID=6320100

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE19873703137 Granted DE3703137A1 (en) 1987-02-03 1987-02-03 Multiply active bactericidal/fungicidal chemisorption filter for treating breathing air, in particular for allergic people

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE3703137A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4406813A1 (en) * 1994-03-02 1995-09-21 Hoelter Heinz Filter layer with monoclonal antibody for allergen removal
CN103566737A (en) * 2013-10-15 2014-02-12 大连北方成套教学设备有限公司 Double purification system for chemical experiment waste gas

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DE3941899A1 (en) * 1989-12-19 1991-06-20 Kessler & Luch Gmbh AIR PERFORMANCE WITH FILTER
DE4015506A1 (en) * 1990-05-15 1991-11-21 Hanns Rump High quality air prodn. using multiple filter - having mechanical, noble metal coated and varying pH filter elements, pref. with monitor and warning system
WO1992000772A1 (en) * 1990-07-06 1992-01-23 Edwin Leonard Head A biological electronic oxygen activator
JPH0474514A (en) * 1990-07-16 1992-03-09 Sakai Chem Ind Co Ltd Ozone decomposing method
US6340381B1 (en) * 1991-12-02 2002-01-22 Ebara Research Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for the preparation of clean gases
US6733570B2 (en) 1992-12-02 2004-05-11 Ebara Research Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for the preparation of clean gases
BE1007983A3 (en) * 1994-04-29 1995-12-05 Zaudig Daniel Marcel Fernand Purifying air filter for fresh and salt water aquariums that can be used inaquaculture
DE19512844A1 (en) * 1995-04-06 1996-10-10 Behr Gmbh & Co Device and method for treating an air flow supplied to an interior
DE19631098A1 (en) * 1996-08-01 1998-02-05 Wimmer Ulrich Dipl Ing Fh Moistened paper air filter for removal of dust and chemicals
DE19652688A1 (en) * 1996-12-18 1998-06-25 Kurt Tillmanns Method and device for the purest filtering and disinfection of air
ATE289857T1 (en) 1997-06-13 2005-03-15 Heinz Prof Dr Sc Dr-In Hoelter IONIZATION FILTER FOR PURIFYING AIR
CA2675323C (en) * 2008-08-13 2017-02-21 Contech Stormwater Solutions Inc. Thermally treated expanded perlite
CN101696037B (en) * 2009-11-05 2012-01-04 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 Beta-FeOOH particles, preparation method and application thereof
CN105935538A (en) * 2016-06-06 2016-09-14 浙江文国重工机械有限公司 Method for removal of dioxin from industrial waste cracking burning tail gas

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4406813A1 (en) * 1994-03-02 1995-09-21 Hoelter Heinz Filter layer with monoclonal antibody for allergen removal
DE4406813C2 (en) * 1994-03-02 1998-09-03 Hoelter Heinz Filters for the separation of allergens
CN103566737A (en) * 2013-10-15 2014-02-12 大连北方成套教学设备有限公司 Double purification system for chemical experiment waste gas

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D2 Grant after examination
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