DE3690129C2 - Multiple disc unit and method of manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

An encapsulated multiple pane arrangement (10) is formed by positioning at least two spaced apart panes (12, 14) made of a glazing material in an aligned manner, the spacing being formed by a suitable spacing element (17) which is located on the peripheral regions of the opposing ones Surfaces of the disks is arranged. The entire assembly is then placed in a mold cavity of a suitable molding device (76) and a charge of an elastomeric seal-forming material is injected to form an encapsulating seal (22) around the circumferential edge area of the multi-pane assembly.

Description

The invention relates to a multiple ticket unit and a method for producing the the same.

Multiple glazing units generally include two or more panes of glass spaced apart are arranged around an insulating air space in the area between the opposite areas to create the slices. This airspace serves to reduce the transfer of thermal energy through the unit due to heat conduction and convection. In a typical execution example The glass becomes a game of a multiple glass window slices due to metallic edge edge spacing  elements around the circumference of the glass panes kept around at a distance from each other. The Glass panes are with the spacers connected by a mastic composition that a continuous film around the edges of the Disks between each disk and the distance element forms a first hermetic seal to build. The spacer is made in this way makes it hold a dehumidifier. Openings can be provided in the spacer element be that a link between airspace the unit and the dehumidifier, so that the moisture from the airspace in the unit is absorbed by the dehumidifier can be. An elastic, moisture-proof Spacer with an attached Mastic layer is preferably around the edge edges of the glass pane and the spacer arranged around a second hermetic To produce a seal. At the end there is a channel shaped element with an essentially U-shaped cross section preferably around the The circumference of the unit arranged and fixed, around the edge of the unit To protect glass panes.

A known method for assembling the Multiple disk arrangement described above uses the application of a mastic layer or Mastic caterpillar, the first hermetic seal along two opposite sides of the metallic Forms spacer that is suitable with the inner surfaces of the glass panes to engage around their marginal edges. The spacer is then in front of two shaped glass panes arranged and the panes  are then pressed together so that the disks adhere to the spacer and the inner Air space between the opposite Surfaces of the disks against the atmosphere is sealed. The final airspace between two glass panes depends on the thickness of the spacer and the thickness of the mastic layers between each side of the distance element and the adjacent glass pane.

Then a mastic layer or a elastic, moisture-proof strip with a mastic layer attached to it the peripheral edges of the glass panes and the Spacer arranged around a to form a second hermetic seal. A channel shaped element made of metal, for example stainless steel, is then around the Attached around the perimeter of the unit. The angle, the the legs or sides of the channel-shaped Elementes with its middle or web area form is slightly less than 90 °. If the channel-shaped element with the edges the glass panes are connected, the Legs apart so the glass can be introduced. Then the thighs released, causing them to spring back and into Come into contact with the surfaces of the glass panes, which are held in position under tension become. The described prior art as well as similar multiple disc arrangements are in U.S. Patents 2,838,810, 2,964,809 and 3,280,523.  

Another multiple pane arrangement and method ren for the production of the same is in US-PS 2,624,979 disclosed. Use the structure described in it det at least two opposite each other Glass panes and the edges of the upper pane are heated until they are sufficiently soft to sag and with the surface of the opposite lower disc to come into contact. The Glass in the contact area at the edge is heated up where is achieved by a sufficient degree of softness, to create a fusion between the two glass surfaces to form a continuous union and around the inner area Act. The unit is then compensated and can be paid in a pre-made frame to be included before it is inserted into the opening of a building.

The preparation of the multiple iso described above Laminated glass pane arrangements require a large number of manufacturing and treatment steps before they are ready for installation in building openings.

DE-OS 28 39 912 discloses an insulating glass arrangement, consisting of two panes of glass, being an art layer of fabric with the edges of the glass panes as Edge protection is glued. The edge protection layer can be of any shape and thickness a mold. The edge protection serves in the assembled state as a window seal and the Plastic is elastic, i.e. H. a thermoplastic, self-curing adhesive based on plastic to to ensure good edge protection.

In DE-OS 31 41 482 is a glass sheet with edges protection made of permanently elastic plastic,  the when inserting the glass pane in the window frame serves as a seal.

From DE-OS 31 25 478 and DE-AS 24 15 707 a method for producing an insulating glass pane known that has a circumferential edge protection. The edge protection is made from a sealant made by stencils and by the Limited spacers between two disks Cavity is injected, the edges of the Project the panes into the cavity.

The invention is based on the prior art based on the task of a multiple disc unit, which is surrounded by a rigid frame and the egg ne reliable sealing of the inner air space guarantees, as well as a process for their preparation to accomplish.

This object is achieved by the features of claim 1 and claim 6 solved.

In the multiple pane unit with polymer frame according to the invention, the frame material is in contact polymerized with the lens material and cured tet, which due to the polymerization in trapped state caused autogenous Pressure a close contact with the areas of Schei material to which it adheres, arises and where by the distance between the panels Spacer strip is compressed.

The invention thus provides an optically transparent Insulating arrangement available without width res in a simple way in the opening of a construct tion can be installed. The mechanism for Er  aim the hermetic seal between the waiters Proven surfaces of the transparent pane material at the same time as a means of maintaining the desired distance between the individual disks other through structural connection of the panes and bil at the same time a structural framework that fits every desired dimensions and any decorative appearance may have.

The attached figures of the drawing concern:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a multiple disc unit according to the features of the invention, with portions broken away to better illustrate the structure;

Fig. 2 shows a partial section of the seal structure of the invention along the section line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a partially sectioned perspective view of an edge spacer unit;

Fig. 4 shows a schematic view, in which the method for the manufacture of the encapsulated insulating glazing structure according to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 is shown;

FIG. 5 shows a more detailed schematic view of the basic components used to carry out the method according to FIG. 4;

Fig. 6 is a plan view of a form used for the manufacture of the encapsulated insulating structure according to Figs. 1, 2 and 3;

FIG. 7 shows an enlarged partial section of the mold assembly according to FIG. 6 along the section line 7-7;

Fig. 8 is a partial enlarged view of the vacuum head portion of the mold of Figs. 6 and 7 taken along section line 8-8 of Fig. 6;

Fig. 9 is an enlarged partial section showing the cooperating damping or sealing elements for supporting a multi-pane structure during manufacture of the structure according to the invention;

Fig. 10 shows a partial section of the seal structure of a second embodiment of the inven tion; and

Fig. 11 shows a partial section of the seal structure of a third embodiment of the inven tion.

In Figs. 1, 2 and 3, a Mehrfachscheibenan 10 is properly with the features of the invention and provides Herge by the method of the invention provides Darge. In the illustrated embodiment, the insulating unit 10 comprises two glass panes with the reference characters 12 , 14 , which is held by an elongated from 17 strips at a distance. From the spacer strip 17 is suitable to form a continuous band around the edge of the opposite the upper surfaces of the glass panes 12 , 14 to effectively limit a dead space 20 between the glass panes 12 , 14 . The entire assembly is surrounded by a molded frame 22 of polymeric material which is polymerized and cured in situ to encapsulate the peripheral edge area of the unit. The frame 22 is typically formed by a reaction injection molding process.

Fig. 3 shows the spacer strip 17 which can be used in the embodiment shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The spacer strip 17 be consists of an independent spacer element 16 , which is made of any flexible but rigid material, such as a ribbed or corrugated aluminum strip, and a material 18 containing a dehumidifying agent. The dehumidifying agent material 18 is formed from an extruded butyl based mastic containing a molecular sieve powdered dehumidifying agent dispersed therein. Any combination of a mastic and a dehumidifier can be used which has the properties suitable for the invention. These properties include chemical compatibility with the other components of the invention, ability to adhere to the disc frame and spacer material, ability to assist in the formation and maintenance of a hermetic seal, stability over a wide range of applications, and ability to prevent condensation in the hermetically sealed area.

The initial steps for the manufacture of the multiple pane unit 10 include cleaning the front and back surfaces and the peripheral edges of the glass panes 12 , 14 to prepare the areas for adhesion with the material used for the frame 22 .

The next step in making unit 10 is to apply a primer coating to the previously cleaned glass surfaces.

The glass adhesion area is initially coated with the primer to form layer 24 , which serves as a connecting agent. The primer material is a clear moisture-sensitive primer with gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, which improves the adhesion between other Betaseal products and glass.

After the application of the layer 24 , a second primer layer 26 is applied over the layer 24 . The primer layer 26 supports the rapid formation of a hydrolytically stable connection between the glass and the associated frame 22 , for example made of polyurethane. The material for layer 26 is a primer, such as a darkening primer that prevents degradation of seals and adhesives by ultraviolet radiation, or a primer that can be used in conjunction with frame 22 .

The final assembly can begin approximately twenty minutes after the superimposed layers 24 , 26 have been applied. This period is necessary to allow adequate reaction and drying of the primers. The exact time required depends on the primer used. Initially, the glass sheet 12 was placed in the casting recess of an associated shape. The shape is part of the device described below with reference to FIGS. 4 to 9. The spacer strip 17 is placed around the circumferential edge region of the glass pane 12 . Then the glass pane 14 is arranged above and aligned with the pane 12 . The spacer strip 17 causes the production of a spacing between the opposing surfaces of the glass panes 12 and 14 to a desired extent and a limitation of the dead space 20th Subsequently, the associated mold element with a mold cavity, which works with the aforementioned deepening, is brought over the lower mold and locked in a closed position. A charge of a polyurethane reaction mixture is injected into the mold cavity to form the fully encircling frame 22 .

It is often desirable to apply a coating or paint 28 to the outer surfaces of the frame 22 prior to installing the multi-pane unit in the opening of a building or the like. The coating 28 can be formed as a urethane-based paint, which can contain any desired component for producing a decorative color, such as pigment. The color coating 28 is dried at about 60 ° to 65 ° C (140 ° to 150 ° F) for about 20 to 30 minutes. It goes without saying that, in addition to the decorative effect, the layer 28 also protects the frame-forming polyurethane material against weathering or decomposition phenomena that would otherwise be caused by the ultraviolet radiation normally present in the unfiltered sunlight. In the event that the frame 22 is formed from an ultraviolet-resistant polyurethane material, the coating 28 is not necessary, but it can be applied for decorative purposes.

The frame 22 of the as described above produced the structure 10 provides the desired dead air space Zvi rule the opposite faces of the glass sheets 12, 14 securely and holding the marginal edges of the glass sheets 12, 14 in the solid compressed to stand against the spacer strips 17th The frame 22 can be molded in any desired cross-sectional configuration to adapt to existing frame elements in double window arrangements or to other frame elements.

Fig. 10 shows a further embodiment of the structure shown in Figs. 1 and 2, in which the same or similar structural elements with the same Chen with a dashed reference numerals are characterized. In this embodiment, the spacer 16 'is formed such that it has a cross section in the shape of the letter "Z", where in the upper region the mechanical contact with the peripheral edge of the disc 12 ' and the lower loading area the mechanical contact with the dehumidifier means 18 ', which is thereby held in position and also a connection of the dehumidifying agent to the atmosphere in the dead air space 20 is established.

Fig. 11 shows a further embodiment of the structure shown in Figs. 1 and 2, wherein the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals provided with two dashes. In this embodiment, each of the glass panes 12 '' and 14 '' is provided with an encapsulating frame 30 which is applied in the same manner as the frame 22 in the composite structure of FIGS. 1 and 2.

Subsequent to the production of the frame 30 on the glass panes 12 ″ and 14 ″, the panes 12 ″ and 14 ″ are arranged in an aligned position at a distance from one another, lying one above the other. A distance dehumidifying strip 18 "serves as a spacing element in order to keep the glass panes 12 " and 14 "in a predetermined distance position until the final frame 22 " is applied and an encapsulated composite multiple insulating pane unit is produced.

It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the above described multiple disc unit simply in new Constructions can be used, but by the same It is important that the invention cost one inexpensive energy-efficient insulating glass pane structure for use in installation in existing structure and constructions.  

FIGS. 4 to 9 illustrate the process and before the direction is to be to achieve the Ausführungsbei 1 of the invention play in accordance with the Fig., 2, 10 and 11 is used.

With reference to FIGS. 4 to 9, the device for producing the structure 10 has a base station 50 and a molding station 52 ( FIG. 4) which comprises a storage tank 54 from which a stream of a mixture of a polyol, one Chain extender, for example ethylene glycol, a pigment and a catalyst and a separate stream of an isocyanate are fed to a urethane metering station 56 . The isocyanate from the storage tank 54 is supplied to a conditioning tank 58 while the polyol mixture is fed to a tank 60 . From the outlets of the tanks 58 and 60 are each with Hubzy alleviate or high-pressure metering pumps 66 , 68 via circulation pumps 62 , 64 in connection, so that the material constantly through supply lines leading to a mixing head 74 , and through heat exchangers 70 , 72nd leading return lines flows back to the tanks 58 , 60 . The heat exchangers 70 , 72 are used to maintain the desired reaction temperatures. The constant movement and a temperature control are essential in order to keep the various non-releasable components that may be present in the suspension at temperatures at which the reactants remain inert and liquid, but at which they react quickly when they are brought together .

An injection device is provided for injecting a charge from strictly controlled amounts of the two circulating flows into the mold in a uniform flow. Appropriate charges of the two streams are supplied from the outlets of the lifting cylinders 66 , 68 to the mixing head 74 by the actuation of the pistons shown schematically. The injection into the mixing head 74 takes place under an applied pressure of approximately 6895 to 20685 kPa (1000 to 3000 psi). The two streams are completely mixed in the mixing head 74 . The mix is delivered to the mold 76 from the mixing head via a nozzle 90 , shown schematically in its retracted position in FIG. 6, at a pressure of approximately 344 to 690 kPa (50 to 100 psi). The mold is held at a temperature in the range (60 ° to 65 ° C (140 ° to 150 ° F).

The shape 76 consists of a lower and an upper half 78 , 80 ( Fig. 6). Appropriate means, not shown, are provided for opening and closing the mold halves 78 , 80 . When the mold halves are opened, the glass pane 12 is inserted into the lower half 78 so that regions of the rear surface of the pane rest on suitably arranged seals 82 . The seals 82 form part of the mold cavity and prevent the reaction mixture from flowing away from the frame 22 to the central region of the disks 12 , 14 . After the glass pane 12 has been arranged on the seals of the lower mold half 78 , the spacer strip 17 is applied to the edge of the glass pane. Then the glass sheet 14 is positioned over the glass sheet 12 and from the stand strip 17 so that the edges of the sheets 12 , 14 are properly aligned. Then the upper half is lowered into a position so that the outer peripheral regions of the cooperating halves 78 , 80 can be compressed in a metal to metal contact outside the mold cavity. The upper mold half 80 of the mold carries you lines 84 , which cooperate with the seals 82 in such a way that they yieldingly press against the glass pane 14 and hold it in the mold cavity. The cavity in the mold 76 is larger than the glass panes 12 , 14 to prevent any glass from metal contact.

A vacuum device according to FIGS . 6, 8 is in the upper mold half 80 of the mold 76 angeord net to lift the glass together with the mold half 80 upwards when the molding process is complete and the multiple disc unit 10 are removed from the mold 76 should. The vacuum device consists essentially of a vacuum cup 86 , which is connected via a vacuum line 88 to a vacuum source.

During the molding process, as well as the cooperating halves 78 , 80 of the mold 76 are clamped together to take up the charge of the reaction mixture forming the frame, the appropriate charge of the reaction mixture is injected into the mold cavity. After the polymerization and curing of the reaction mixture, the mold halves 78 , 80 are opened. The final assembly 10 is then removed from the mold halves. Excess sealing material or a burr can be removed at station 102 , the station is washed and dried at station 110 and a color coating 28 can be applied to the outer areas of the frame at station 120 and dried or hardened (schematic in Fig FIG. 4).

The following example shows that designated by the inventor nete best embodiment. But it shouldn't  as limiting, but interpreted as explanatory the.

EXAMPLE

The surfaces of the upper and lower mold halves 80 , 78 that define the seal or frame forming mold cavity when closed are treated with a solvent-based mold release agent, which is a mixture of waxes. The glass panes 12 and 14 with the associated from stand strips 16 and the dehumidifier strip 18 are arranged in a suitable manner on the lower mold half 78 , whereupon the upper mold half 80 are brought together with the lower half 78 and then both halves are pressed together. A charge composed of one part by weight of a polyol composition and 0.63 parts by weight of an isocyanate is placed in the mixing head 74 under pressure of 17,200 kPa (2,500 psi) and from there into the mold 76 at a pressure of about 345 kPa (50 psi) presses. The polyol and isocyanate streams are maintained at a temperature of approximately 37.7 ° C (100 ° F) while mold 76 is at a temperature of approximately 62.7 ° C (145 ° F). The polyol and isocyanate streams are completely mixed in head 74 before they reach form 76 . Approximately one or one and a half minutes after the urethane composition has been injected, the mold 76 is opened and the assembly 10 is removed.

The resulting elastomeric frame 22 is microcellular and has a specific gravity of 1.07 g / cm ³ , a hardness (Shore "A") of 90, a tensile strength of 10 340 kPa (1500 psi), a percent elongation at break of 279 and a flexural modulus at 23.9 ° C (75 ° F) of approximately 24130 kPa (3500 psi).

The one used in performing the procedure Polyol composition consists of 45.36 kg (100 pounds) of a base polyol, such as one 6000 molecular weight polyether triol with ethylene oxide capping, from 4.54 kg (10 pounds) of Ethy lenglycol, 1.36 kg (3 pounds) of 20% carbon black in Po lyol. The base polyol can optionally be made from one Low molecular weight material finally an aminopolyol.

The same when performing the procedure isocyanate used in the given example a modified 4,4 'diphenylmethane diisocyanate. The The above components are obtained by adding Di butyltin dilaurate and a solution of triethylene dia min catalyzed in dipropylene glycol.

It is understood that various changes and modifications to the specific details of the instant invention described above may be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention as defined in the claims. For example, the insulating multi-layer unit 10 has been described as a window structure for an opening in a building, of course, an arrangement according to the invention can also be used in other multi-layer structures for archi tectonic systems and boat purposes.

While the preferred embodiment of the inven uses a composition of polyurethane, To achieve the desired results, there are others re nylon, polyester and epoxy compositions  Resin also as a frame or seal-forming measure material usable.

Claims (6)

1. Multiple disc unit with at least two days fel from disc-shaped material, an Ab Standing strips made of a rigid material from a rubber-elastic mastic material is wrapped to maintain a given NEN distance between two facing each other surfaces of the panels and a rigid one Frame that completely encloses the panels and with a given peripheral rim area of the panels and with the spacer fen is bonded to a herme closed airspace between the table to form the surfaces of the panels, the frame men "in situ" based on the given Edge area and the spacer a firmly polymerizing substance polymeri Was so that a close adhesive contact between the given edge area of the Sheets and the spacer strips are created. 2. Multiple disc unit according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that the disc-shaped material is transparent. 3. Multiple disc unit according to claim 2, characterized characterized in that the disc-shaped material Glass is. 4. Multiple disc unit according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that means for Absorb moisture from the dead air  space between the surfaces of the panels are. 5. Multiple disc unit according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the frame is formed from a urethane resin.   6. A method for producing an encapsulated multiple-disk unit with the following steps:

• a) positioning of at least two sheets of disc-shaped material in an overlying arrangement at a distance from each other, wherein
• b) a spacer strip made of a rigid material, which is encased by a rubber-elastic material, between the opposing surfaces of the panels is continuously arranged around their edge area and to their edges, so that the spacer strip faces one another Holds surfaces of the two panels at a predetermined distance from one another and delimits a closed space between them;
• c) arranging a shape around the spaced-apart superimposed panels, the shape overlapping the peripheral edges of the superimposed panels with the spacer strips and the enclosed surfaces and edges of the panels overlapping a closed cavity;
• d) injecting a material into the mold cavity which is polymerizable and hardenable and generates a pressure during the polymerisation and curing in the mold cavity in order to produce a rigid, solid, compress the spacer strip, the polymerized frame around the circumferential edge region to form the panels around and to metically close off the space between the opposing surfaces of the panels;
• e) controlling the pressure at which the material is injected into the mold cavity in such a way that it is sufficiently low and does not damage the disc-shaped material of the sheets;
• f) controlling the temperature in the mold cavity, the injection of the material and the amount of the compound injected such that the material after its injection poly merized, in close contact with the mold cavity and is molded and cured with the spacer strip and the disc-shaped material of the sheets ; and
• g) removing the entire assembly from the mold cavity.