DE36872C - Hazardous explosives - Google Patents
Hazardous explosivesInfo
- Publication number
- DE36872C DE36872C DENDAT36872D DE36872DA DE36872C DE 36872 C DE36872 C DE 36872C DE NDAT36872 D DENDAT36872 D DE NDAT36872D DE 36872D A DE36872D A DE 36872DA DE 36872 C DE36872 C DE 36872C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- explosive
- explosives
- nitroglycerin
- purposes
- potassium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 title claims description 25
- SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-propanetrioltrinitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCC(O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+]([O-])=O SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229960003711 glyceryl trinitrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000006 Nitroglycerin Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940014995 Nitroglycerin Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VKJKEPKFPUWCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chlorate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]Cl(=O)=O VKJKEPKFPUWCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011872 intimate mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- IWOUKMZUPDVPGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Barium nitrate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O IWOUKMZUPDVPGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- DVARTQFDIMZBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium nitrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O DVARTQFDIMZBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002926 oxygen Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M chlorate Chemical class [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- ISFLYIRWQDJPDR-UHFFFAOYSA-L Barium chlorate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]Cl(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)=O ISFLYIRWQDJPDR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001828 Gelatine Substances 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Perchlorate Chemical class [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 Wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- PRORZGWHZXZQMV-UHFFFAOYSA-O azanium;nitric acid Chemical compound [NH4+].O[N+]([O-])=O PRORZGWHZXZQMV-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium(0) Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940005991 chloric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IRPDISVJRAYFBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].O[N+]([O-])=O IRPDISVJRAYFBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002826 nitrites Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010454 slate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B29/00—Compositions containing an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt, e.g. chlorate, perchlorate
- C06B29/02—Compositions containing an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt, e.g. chlorate, perchlorate of an alkali metal
- C06B29/16—Compositions containing an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt, e.g. chlorate, perchlorate of an alkali metal with a nitrated organic compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
- C06B31/02—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal nitrate
- C06B31/12—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal nitrate with a nitrated organic compound
- C06B31/20—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal nitrate with a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitroglycerine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
- C06B31/28—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
- C06B31/32—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with a nitrated organic compound
- C06B31/44—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitroglycerine
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Description
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
PATENTAMTPATENT OFFICE
KLASSE 78: Sprengstoffe.CLASS 78: Explosives.
ALFRED NOBEL in PARIS. Gefahrlose Explosivstoffe.ALFRED NOBEL in PARIS. Hazardous explosives.
Obwohl Kalisalpeter als Sauerstoffträger den wichtigsten Bestandtheil des Schwarzpulvers ausmacht, und obwohl chlorsaures Kalium, mit anderen Stoffen gemengt, eine noch gewaltigere Explosivkraft entwickelt, so verhalten sich die genannten Salze an und für sich als im Sinne von Explosivmitteln indifferente Körper und werden bekanntlich erst dann explodirbar, wenn sie pulverförmig mit gewissen brennbaren Stoffen innig gemengt werden. Dasselbe gilt für die übrigen Sauerstoffträger analoger Natur, also für die Nitrate, Nitrite, Chlorate und Perchlorate der Metalle und des Ammoniums.Although potash nitrate, as an oxygen carrier, is the most important component of black powder and although potassium chlorate mixed with other substances, it is still more powerful Developed explosive force, the salts mentioned behave in and of themselves as in the sense Bodies indifferent to explosives and, as is well known, can only be exploded if they are intimately mixed in powder form with certain combustible substances. The same goes for that other oxygen carriers of an analogous nature, i.e. for the nitrates, nitrites, chlorates and perchlorates of metals and ammonium.
Durch die hier zu beschreibende Behandlung treten jedoch obige Sauerstoffträger ohne Beimischung brennbarer Stoffe, welche sich mit dem Sauerstoff derselben verbinden können, in die Reihe praktisch explodirbarer Körper und entwickeln eine Explosivkraft, welche vom thermochemischen Gesichtspunkte aus sehr auffallend erscheint. Um dieses Resultat zu erzielen, werden die genannten Sauerstoffträger fein gepulvert und innig mit Nitroglycerin (in gewöhnlichem Zustande oder mittelst aufgelöster Nitrocellulose dickflüssig gemacht) gemengt.Due to the treatment to be described here, however, the above oxygen carriers occur without admixture combustible substances, which can combine with the oxygen of the same, in the series of practically explosive bodies and develop an explosive power which is very striking from the thermochemical point of view appears. In order to achieve this result, the named oxygen carriers are used finely powdered and intimately with nitroglycerine (in the ordinary state or in medium dissolved form Nitrocellulose made thick) mixed.
Hiervon wird mehr oder weniger beigemengt, je nachdem eine mehr oder weniger brisante Wirkung beabsichtigt wird.Of this, more or less is added, depending on a more or less explosive one Effect is intended.
Soll der erwähnte Explosivstoff für Sprengzwecke verwendet werden, so werden die Bestandteile zweckmäfsig in folgenden Proportionen gemengt:If the above-mentioned explosive is to be used for detonation purposes, the Components appropriately mixed in the following proportions:
Auf 75 bis 80 Gewichtstheile chlorsaures oder überchlorsaures Kalium oder salpetersaures Kalium, Ammonium, Natrium oder Barium kommen 20 bis 25 Gewichtstheile Nitroglycerin.To 75 to 80 parts by weight of chloric acid or superchloric acid potassium or nitric acid Potassium, ammonium, sodium, or barium come from 20 to 25 parts by weight of nitroglycerine.
Der Procentsatz des letzteren kann deshalb nicht wesentlich erhöht werden, weil sonst ein Aussickern des flüssigen Explosivstoffes eintritt. Wird statt flüssigen Nitroglycerins ein solches verwendet, welches mittelst aufgelöster Nitrocellulose dickflüssig gemacht wurde, so kann der Procentsatz desselben in der oben angegebenen Composition beliebig erhöht werden, wodurch eine vergröfserte Sprengkraft, aber zugleich auch verminderte Gefahrlosigkeit entsteht.The percentage of the latter cannot be increased significantly because otherwise one Leakage of the liquid explosive occurs. Instead of liquid nitroglycerin, it will be one if used, which has been made viscous by means of dissolved nitrocellulose, the Percentage of the same in the above composition can be increased as desired, whereby an increased explosive power, but at the same time also a reduced risk of danger.
Soll das oben beschriebene Material für Schiefszwecke verwendet werden und also wenig brisant wirken, so wird der Procentsatz von Nitroglycerin viel niedriger, als oben für Sprengwirkungen angegeben, normirt, und zwar auf etwa 5 bis 15 pCt. Nitroglycerin festgesetzt.Should the material described above be used for crooked purposes and so seem less explosive, the percentage of nitroglycerin will be much lower than above for Explosive effects indicated, standardized to about 5 to 15 pCt. Nitroglycerin fixed.
Die Schwankung in dem Gewichtsverhältnifs ist deshalb erforderlich, weil für Feuerwaffen verschiedener Gröfse und Construction mehr oder weniger heftig wirkende Explosivstoffe erforderlich oder zulässig sind.The fluctuation in the weight ratio is necessary because for firearms Explosives of various sizes and constructions, more or less violently acting are required or permitted.
Für Schiefszwecke eignet sich hiernach ein inniges Gemisch von salpetersaurem Ammonium, Kalium, Natrium oder Barium oder chlorsaurem oder überchlorsaurem Kalium in gepulvertem Zustande mit 5 bis 15 pCt. ihres Gewichtes flüssigen Nitroglycerins oder 10 bis 30 pCt. gelatinirten Nitroglycerins.According to this, an intimate mixture of nitric acid ammonium is suitable for wrong purposes, Potassium, Sodium, or Barium, or Potassium Chlorate or Superchlorate, in powdered form Conditions with 5 to 15 pCt. their weight of liquid nitroglycerin or 10 to 30 pCt. gelatinized nitroglycerin.
Da die Verhältnisse, unter welchen Schiefspulver in den verschiedenen Feuerwarfen verwendet wird, aufserordentlich ungleich sind, so sind auch gröfsere Schwankungen, als oben angegeben, in dem Procentsatz von Nitroglycerin zulässig. Namentlich kann für Feuerwaffen von sehr geringem Kaliber ein vielAs the proportions under which slant powder is used in the various fireplaces are extremely unequal, there are also larger fluctuations than above indicated, allowed in the percentage of nitroglycerin. Namely can for firearms of very small caliber a lot
brisanterer Explosivstoff als für grofse gezogene Geschütze verwendet werden.explosives more explosive than for large rifled artillery.
Soll das hierin beschriebene Material zu Sprengzwecken dienen, so bedient man sich der sogenannten Detonationszündung, wie für Dynamit, Schiefswolle und Sprenggelatine üblich, also eines sehr kräftigen Zündhütchens.If the material described herein is to be used for explosive purposes, one makes use of it the so-called detonation ignition, as for dynamite, leaning wool and explosive gelatine common, so a very powerful primer.
Für Schiefszwecke dagegen zündet man vorzugsweise mittelst einer kleinen Zündpatrone aus Schiefspulver, welche davon bei Verwendung für Kanonen etwa Y20 und für Handgewehre etwa Y5 des Gesammtgewichts der Ladung enthält.On the other hand, for crooked purposes, it is preferable to ignite by means of a small ignition cartridge made of crooked powder, which, when used for cannons, contains around Y 20 and for hand guns around Y 5 of the total weight of the charge.
Erst durch längere Praxis dürfte jedoch die zweckmäfsigste Gröfse solcher Zündpatronen für alle Fälle festgestellt werden können.However, it is only through prolonged practice that the most expedient size of such cartridges can be found just in case can be determined.
Die Detonationszündung mittelst Zündhütchens ist übrigens auch für Schiefszwecke möglich, wirkt jedoch im allgemeinen brisanter als die Zündpatrone aus Schiefspulver.The detonation ignition by means of a primer is also possible for wrong purposes, However, it is generally more explosive than the slate powder ignition cartridge.
Für Sprengzwecke bietet der hierin beschriebene Explosivstoff den Vortheil bedeutender Kraft bei grofser Gefahrlosigkeit, weil das überwiegende Quantum des Sauerstoffträgers die Empfindlichkeit des beigemengten Nitroglycerins gegen Stofs und Feuer herabsetzt.For explosive purposes, the explosive described herein offers the advantage of more significant Strength in the absence of danger, because the predominant quantity of the oxygen carrier reduces the sensitivity of the added nitroglycerine to substances and fire.
Für Schiefszwecke erweist sich die Brisanz des oben beschriebenen Materials viel geringer, als man auf Grund des Gehaltes an Nitroglycerin befürchten könnte.The explosive nature of the material described above turns out to be much lower for purposes of the wrong kind, than one might fear due to the nitroglycerin content.
Die oben erwähnten Sauerstoffträger ohne Zusatz brennbarer Stoffe (denn die beigemengten Explosivstoffe enthalten keinen Ueberschufs davon) sind bisher niemals für Schiefsoder Sprengzwecke vorgeschlagen oder verwendet und wurden stets als praktisch unexplodirbar angesehen.The above-mentioned oxygen carriers without the addition of flammable substances (because the added Explosives do not contain an excess of it) have never been used up to now for schiefsoder Explosive purposes have been proposed or used and have always been considered practically unexplodable viewed.
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE36872C true DE36872C (en) |
Family
ID=312660
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DENDAT36872D Expired - Lifetime DE36872C (en) | Hazardous explosives |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE36872C (en) |
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0
- DE DENDAT36872D patent/DE36872C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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