DE3643299C1 - Apparatus for dehumidifying the interior exhaust air or exhaust gases and/or for condensing the vapour and waste steam from bakeries or the like - Google Patents

Abstract

In order to prevent solid particles and/or suspended matter entrained by the mixed stream of interior exhaust air, vapour and waste steam from bakeries from depositing on the heat exchange surfaces of the apparatus 19 and thus impairing its performance, the apparatus 19 is constructed as follows. A bundle of tubes 27 vertically arranged in a shell of the apparatus 19 on a partition sheet 25 is provided, the interior walls of which tubes form the heat exchange surfaces. These tubes 27 are open at the bottom and top so that the mixed stream to be dehumidified can flow through these tubes 27 towards the top. The partition sheet 25 delimits, together with the casing of a shell part 20 a space 28 in which is situated cooling and washing water. The cooling and washing water in this space 28 is replenished intermittently. A chamber 32 is provided beneath the partition sheet 25 for feeding the mixed stream to be dehumidified and collecting the condensate and washing water draining from the internal walls of the tubes 27. The cooling water, on replenishment at certain intervals, enters into the tubes 27 from the top in order to wash its internal walls clean. A further chamber 33 is provided above the top ends of the tubes 27, in which further chamber the relatively dry advancing air is collected and conducted away via an outlet 22. To increase the efficiency, swirlers 39 can be arranged in the tubes 27. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a device for Dehumidify the room exhaust air or exhaust gases and / or Condensation of the haze and fumes from bakeries or similar. The device can be used for the same Purposes also in so-called shop bakeries or Baking stations in department stores etc. as well as in kitchens where, e.g. the usual ventilation is missing.

Dehumidifiers are numerous different versions known. These Devices are used to treat swaths and Extracted air from bakeries or haze The like is only suitable to a limited extent, since this exhaust air too Suspended matter or dirt particles and not leads to filterable or condensable substances, which is on the heat exchange surfaces in the device deposit and thereby their performance after relative  noticeably deteriorate after a short period of operation. The Cleaning the heat exchange surfaces in the known Devices are usually not, but at least only with considerable effort possible.

From DE-OS 20 40 97 it is known to use a bakery To combine oven with a water heater to the heat contained in the exhaust gases and vapors for Use hot water production. The one provided here Heat exchanger has one exhaust passage and one Evaporation passage, separated by a partition are separated. The exhaust gas passage and the exhaust steam passage flow into at the upper end of the heat exchanger Chimney connection pipe. Measures to an automatic Cleaning the exhaust and exhaust steam passages are here not provided. This work must therefore be done manually be done, which is time consuming and cumbersome is.

The invention has for its object a powerful device for dehumidifying the room exhaust air or exhaust gases or condensation of the vapor and the Creating swaths from bakeries or the like, when cleaning the heat exchanger surfaces can largely be dispensed with.

According to the invention, the above object is achieved by that

• a) a bundle of at their lower and upper ends open and in a housing on one Intermediate floor tubes arranged vertically is provided, through which the dehumidified Medium flows upwards,  
• b) the intermediate floor with the casing of a housing part a room for cooling and Limited rinsing water for the pipes,
• c) the supply of the cooling and rinsing water in its receiving space for cleaning on the exhaust side the pipes take place intermittently,
• d) under the mezzanine and the lower open Ends of the tubes to a lower chamber Supply of the medium to be dehumidified and Collect the on the inner walls of the pipes draining condensate and rinse water is provided,
• e) an upper one over the upper ends of the tubes Chamber for collecting and draining the relative dry exhaust air is arranged and that
• f) the upper open ends of the tubes with the Recording room for the cooling and rinsing water are connected in terms of flow.

The medium to be treated, consisting of moist Room exhaust air containing steam escaping from the oven can be enriched, and / or from swathing from the Baking chamber of the oven, flows through at their Outside walls of water-cooled pipes upwards, the Much of the moisture in the medium condensation on the inner walls of the pipes, which runs down and into the lower one  Collection chamber arrives. They also attach themselves to the Pipe inner walls suspended matter or dirt and condensable streaky particles of matter from the medium to be treated are carried, however according to the invention at certain intervals from the Inner walls of the pipe are rinsed off. To this end use the cooling water surrounding the pipes, its volume at certain time intervals is enlarged so that the cooling water in his Recording space rises and through the upper open ends flows into and out of the pipes and so one Self-cleaning effect. That with dirt or Solid particles then partially penetrated  Flushing water flows into the lower collection chamber from which it can be discharged into a sewer. On in this way, those acting as heat exchanger surfaces Pipe inner walls of annoying residues periodically cleaned, increasing the performance of the device fully maintained even over longer operating times becomes. The above-mentioned flushing of the pipes only takes place intermittent because you have one if possible want to achieve dry exhaust air. This exhaust air can for example advantageous again in the bakery or the like are returned, whereby one maintains a closed air circuit. The invention Device is therefore particularly suitable for bakeries or Suitable suitable, which is not usual for such companies Have vents or where else one with haze and exhausting the exhaust air to the outside may or may be derived. This includes all bakeries and baking stations in department stores etc.

Embodiments of the invention emerge from the subclaims forth.

This is how the cooling and rinsing water is fed in advantageous in its receiving space for flushing purposes Dependence on the water temperature in this Recording room. For this purpose, in the supply line of the Cooling and rinsing water an electromagnetically operated Check valve to be installed by a Sensor sensing water temperature in the recording room is controlled. When the cooling water has a certain Temperature exceeds the stop valve opened so that fresh cooling water from the water network  flow into the recording room and excess heated cooling water enter the top of the pipes and after can flow down into the collection chamber. As soon as the Water temperature in the recording room again accordingly has dropped, the temperature sensor gives the shut-off valve the signal to close the cooling water supply, whereby the rinsing of the pipes is finished. This process then repeats itself after a certain interval.

The performance of the device can be further Embodiment of the invention can be increased in that swirl bodies are arranged in the pipes to the Flow of the medium to be dehumidified in the pipes in to bring turbulence, reducing the condensing effect is increased.

This is another embodiment of the invention characterized in that the swirl body in the tubes are movably arranged and at the same time cleaning devices form for the pipes. For the latter purpose can the swirl bodies e.g. rotated and / or up and down be moved.

If after yet another embodiment of the invention upper chamber by a removable hood or the like is limited, which is a derivative for the Exhaust air contains an additional mechanical Cleaning the inner walls of the pipes of residues facilitated. Such a measure can be carried out after a relatively long service life of the device be desirable.  

However, it is also possible to use a swirl body with a externally operated mechanical device to move the then removing the hood is unnecessary.

If according to another development of the invention in the lower chamber a device for spraying the medium flowing upwards with water is installed, a spray condensation of the vapor content in the medium and Achieving a washing effect is performance the device further increased. Because it will be out the mixture of exhaust air entering the device and steaming the steam portion condenses on the one hand and on the other hand suspended matter (solid particles) from this Washed out mixture so that it does not even in the Pipes can reach. The mixture of water spray and Condensate with suspended matter is in the lower Collection chamber of the device collected and from there in drained the sewage pipe.

If after yet another embodiment of the invention Spray device by a temperature or Moisture sensor in the one leading to the lower chamber Supply line for the medium to be dehumidified is controlled, one achieves the advantage that with little or no Proportion of steam in the inflowing medium the spray device remains switched off automatically to prevent the exhaust air unnecessarily dampened by water spray. The one from the Exhaust air exiting the device should, as already mentioned to be relatively dry.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the Spray device one of the medium to be dehumidified  flowable packing layer can be arranged. Such Packing bodies made of ceramic and / or metallic particles are known in different versions.

If according to yet another embodiment of the invention into the lower chamber at vertically distant places Exhaust air and haze on the one hand and fumes on the other be initiated and the spray device between the Exhaust air and vapor discharge point and the Abwade discharge point is arranged, the advantage achieved that the originating from the bakery in question Room air is not additionally humidified and only that Rinsing off a spray condensation with a washing effect be subjected.

According to yet a further development of the invention when removing the water for the spray device from the lower chamber the supply of cooling and rinsing water in its receiving space for washing purposes depending on the spray water temperature. It is in the Supply line for the cooling and rinsing water solenoid-operated shut-off valve through one in the Spray water supply built-in temperature sensor switched off. The valve always opens then, if only or predominantly swathing in the Enter the device, the condensation of which Spray device for condensate in the lower chamber leads, which become too warm for the intended purposes can. By introducing additional cold cooling and rinse water into the device, which at  Exceeding a predetermined volume through the tube flows down into the lower chamber, the Temperature of the spray water in the lower chamber (this there forms a "swamp") again on one for the Function of the spray device reduced acceptable value. Another advantage of this embodiment of the invention consists in that with only one fresh water supply for the device.

The invention is then based on the drawings explained by exemplary embodiments. Show it:

Figure 1 is a schematic sectional view of an oven in a building room, which is connected to a device for dehumidifying the room exhaust air and condensation of the sweat from the oven to achieve a relatively dry exhaust air.

Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view of another device for dehumidifying the room exhaust air and condensing the swath, which contains a device for spray condensation of the swath and

Fig. 3 is a schematic sectional view of a third embodiment of the device for dehumidifying the room exhaust air and condensing the swath with vertically separated entry points for the exhaust air and swathing.

In FIG. 1, reference number 10 denotes, for example, a tiered oven which is set up in a building room 11 . The oven 10 is provided on its front or loading side 12 at the top with a suction box 13 for the room air, which is enriched with the steam escaping from the loading side 12 during operation of the oven 10 . With 14 the individual baking rooms of the oven 10 are designated, which are each connected to a pipeline 16 on their rear side via pipe sections 15 . In the pipe sections 15 , shut-off flaps 17 are installed, after their opening steam or swathing from the individual baking rooms 14 flow into the pipeline 16 when a baking phase has been completed. The pipeline 16 opens into a pipeline 18 coming from the suction box 13 , which is connected to a device 19 for dehumidifying the exhaust air interspersed with haze and condensing the fumes.

The device 19 has, for example, a cylindrical housing, which is composed of parts 20 and 21 flanged together, a hood 21, preferably with a detachable attachment to the upper housing part 20 , which has a discharge line 22 for the relatively dry exhaust air. In the discharge line 22 , a schematically indicated fan 23 is installed, which generates in the device 19 , in the pipes 18 , 16 , 15 and in the suction box 13 the vacuum required for extracting the room exhaust air / haze and fumes. The lower end of the housing of the device 19 is provided by a funnel-shaped base 24 flanged to the housing part 21 .

An intermediate base 25 is fastened between the housing parts 20 and 21 and is provided with numerous circular openings 26 . Attached to the intermediate floor 25 is a bundle of tubes 27 which extend vertically and parallel to one another upwards and are open at both ends, the lower ends of the tubes 27 being aligned with the openings 26 in the intermediate floor 25 and the inner diameter of the tubes 27 being the same Diameter of the openings 26 corresponds. The space 28 delimited at the bottom by the intermediate floor 25 and laterally by the jacket of the housing part 20 serves to receive cooling and rinsing water for the pipes 27 . The cooling water is introduced into the lower part of the space 28 via a feed line 29 . A solenoid-operated shut-off valve 30 is installed in the feed line 29 and is opened or closed by a temperature sensor 31 , which senses the cooling water temperature in the room 28 at the top.

Below the intermediate floor 25 there is a lower chamber 32 , into which the pipeline 18 opens. Above the upper ends of the tubes 27 there extends an upper chamber 33 for collecting and removing the essentially dehumidified air as exhaust air via the discharge line 22 . A pipeline 34 extends downward from the deepest point of the floor 24 to a waste water discharge line 35 . A shut-off device 36 , for example a slide, is installed in the pipeline 34 . Another pipe 37 runs from the chamber 32 down through the floor 24 into a siphon 38 which is connected to the pipe 34 below the shut-off member 36 . In this way it is ensured that the condensate and rinsing water collected in the chamber 32 (which will be explained in detail below) can flow off via the pipeline 37 after a certain maximum level has been exceeded, when the shut-off element 36 is closed.

During operation of the oven 10 , with the fan 23 switched on, a mixture of room air, vapor and fumes, hereinafter referred to as the medium to be dehumidified for the sake of simplicity, flows through the pipeline 18 into the lower chamber 32 and from here through the pipes 27 upwards. The moisture content in the upward flowing medium is deposited on the cooled inner walls of the tubes 27 and flows out into the chamber 32 as condensate. If the cooling water in the room 28 heats up above a predetermined value during this process, the temperature sensor 31 sends a signal to the solenoid-operated shut-off valve 30 , which opens it, so that cooling water can flow into the room 28 from the feed line 29 . Excess cooling water then enters the pipes 27 as rinsing water via the upper open ends and flows downward into the chamber 32 on the inner walls thereof. This cleans the inside of the pipe of residues which are formed by the solid particles and waste materials carried by the medium to be dehumidified. As soon as the temperature of the cooling water in the room 28 has dropped back to the predetermined value, the shut-off valve 30 is closed via the temperature sensor 31 , as a result of which the flushing or cleaning of the pipes 27 is also ended. In this way, the rinsing process of the tubes 27 takes place only at intervals, so that the dehumidification of the medium is only insignificantly impaired by this rinsing.

An additional cleaning of the inner walls of the tubes 27 can take place, for example, by rotating the swirl bodies 39 arranged in the tubes 27 , only one of which is shown in the figures for simplification. These swirl bodies 39 can simply be suspended in the tubes 27 . The hood 21 can be removed to actuate the swirl body 39 . In addition, these swirl bodies 39 serve to bring the flow of the medium to be dehumidified in the tubes 27 into turbulence and they are also cleaned when the tubes 27 are flushed.

In the further embodiments of the device 19 'and 19 ''shown in FIGS . 2 and 3, the same parts are identified with the same reference numbers as in FIG. 1. In a departure from the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, a spray device 40 is installed in the version according to FIG. 2 above the connection point of the pipeline 18 in the lower chamber 32, which spray condensation of the steam portion in the medium flowing upward. At the same time, this spraying of the medium flowing upward with water entrains suspended particles which are washed out of the medium. The spray water with these suspended matter can collect together with the condensate and rinsing water running off the pipes 27 in the lower part of the chamber 32 , from where this water can be discharged into the waste water discharge line 35 , as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1. The spray device 40 is fed via a feed line 41 with a built-in pump 42 and filter 49, for example with the water collected in the lower part of the chamber 32 . The spray device 40 can consist, for example, of a spiral pipeline, on the underside of which numerous spray nozzles are arranged. The pump 42 is controlled by a temperature and / or humidity sensor 43 which is installed in the feed line 18 . This has the advantage that if the medium flowing through the pipeline 18 has no or only a small proportion of steam, the pump 42 remains switched off. Only when this proportion of steam exceeds a certain value does the sensor 43 switch on the pump 42 and thus activate the spray device 40 . In this way, the medium to be dehumidified is not unnecessarily moistened if there is no or only a small amount of steam.

The device shown in Fig. 3 19 '' differs from the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2 mainly in that the housing is vertically expanded by two parts 21 A and 21 B and the room air with the haze in one place the chamber 32 is inserted, which is vertically distanced or separate from the point of introduction for the swaths (line 16 A ). In detail, the pipe is 16 A to initiate the Abschwaden in the lower chamber 32 is connected 21A to the housing part, while the pipe opens out 18 for the exhaust air with the mist on the housing part 21 in the chamber 32, namely above the spraying device 40th The pipe 16 A for swathing is also shown in Fig. 1 in dashed lines and it extends in this embodiment from the stage oven 10 separately from the pipe 18 to the device 19 ''. The funnel-shaped bottom 24 is connected here to the housing part 21 B. In contrast to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2, here the temperature or humidity sensor 43 is installed in the pipeline 16 A for swathing. If no or only small amounts of swaths flow through the pipeline 16 A , the pump 42 remains switched off, otherwise it is activated by the sensor 43 in order to pump the water collected in the lower part of the chamber 32 upwards to the spray device 40 . In this variant, the room exhaust air with the haze cannot be influenced by the spray device 40 . In this embodiment, only the separately supplied swaths are brought to condensation by spraying with water.

So that the temperature of the water collected in the lower part of the chamber 32 (from condensate, spray water and cooling or rinsing water) does not rise to an undesirably high level, namely when only or predominantly swathing occurs in the lower chamber 32 , the supply line 41 for the spray water a temperature sensor 44 is installed, which can open the solenoid-operated shut-off valve 30 when a predetermined temperature of the spray water is exceeded, so that cooling water can flow into the space 28 , which flows out through the pipes 27 as simultaneous rinsing water into the chamber 32 , with that in the lower part the chamber 32 mixed water mixed and this cools accordingly. As soon as the spray water flowing through the supply line 41 has the desired temperature again, the shut-off valve 30 in the cooling water supply line 29 is closed by the temperature sensor 44 .

This measure can also be provided for the device 19 in FIG. 2.

Below the spray device 40 , a packing layer 45 made of ceramic and / or metallic particles can be installed in the housing part 21 A , which promotes the condensation of the fumes that flow through the packing layer.

In the housing part 21 B with the funnel-shaped bottom 24 , a pipe coil 46 can be installed, in which a heat transport medium circulates and which can be connected to any heat exchanger for heat recovery. The pipe coil 46 is arranged for this purpose in the housing part 21 B so that it is always in the water collected here, which is heated up by the swathing and the room exhaust air. A connected to the coil 46 heat exchanger 47 is installed, for example, in a pipeline 48 which serves to remove the relatively dry exhaust air from the upper chamber 33 of the device 19 ''. This exhaust air is heated accordingly by the heat exchanger 47 . In this pipe 48 , the fan 23 is installed here, which generates the required negative pressure in the device 19 '' etc. The pipeline 48 can be used to discharge the exhaust air from the upper chamber 33 of the device 19 '' into the open air or alternatively and, if necessary, heated into the building room 11 in which the oven 10 is installed ( FIG. 1), whereby one maintains a closed air circuit.

On the other hand, the device can also be used for washing out, condensing and cooling exhaust gases from gas or oil-fired ovens, not shown here, in the same way. Preferably, the embodiment or Fig. 3 is here shown in FIG. 2 is used, wherein the exhaust gases are fed through the line 18 (Fig. 2) or 16A (Fig. 3).

The exhaust gases are therefore contaminants and accompanying substances freed and cooled and can then even without a fireplace Free be directed. That with this washout Wastewater contaminated with pollutants is known per se Way out over neutralizing agents and then can can be safely derived.

Claims (10)

1. Device for dehumidifying the room exhaust air or exhaust gases and / or for condensing the haze and fading from bakeries or the like, characterized in that

• a) a bundle of tubes ( 27 ) which are open at their lower and upper ends and are arranged vertically in a housing ( 20 , 21 ) on an intermediate floor ( 25 ) and through which the medium to be dehumidified flows upwards,
• b) the intermediate floor ( 25 ) with the casing of a housing part ( 20 ) delimits a space ( 28 ) for receiving cooling and rinsing water for the pipes ( 27 ),
• c) the cooling and rinsing water is fed intermittently into its receiving space ( 28 ) for cleaning the pipes ( 27 ) on the exhaust air side,
• d) a lower chamber ( 32 ) is provided under the intermediate floor ( 25 ) and the lower open ends of the pipes ( 27 ) for supplying the medium to be dehumidified and collecting the condensate flowing off on the inner walls of the pipes ( 27 ) and the rinsing water,
• e) an upper chamber ( 33 ) for collecting and removing the relatively dry exhaust air is arranged above the upper ends of the tubes ( 27 ) and that
• f) the upper open ends of the tubes ( 27 ) are fluidly connected to the receiving space ( 28 ) for the cooling and rinsing water.

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooling and rinsing water is fed into its receiving space ( 28 ) for rinsing purposes as a function of the water temperature in this receiving space ( 28 ). 3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that in the tubes ( 27 ) swirl body ( 39 ) are arranged to bring the flow of the medium to be dehumidified in the tubes ( 27 ) into turbulence. 4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the swirl body ( 39 ) in the tubes ( 27 ) are arranged movably and at the same time form cleaning devices for the tubes ( 27 ). 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper chamber ( 33 ) by a removable hood ( 21 ) or the like is limited at the top, which contains a discharge line ( 22 ) for the exhaust air. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that in the lower chamber ( 32 ) a device ( 40 ) for spraying the upwardly flowing medium with water is installed in order to achieve a spray condensation of the vapor content in the medium and a washing effect. 7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the spray device ( 40 ) by a temperature or humidity sensor ( 43 ) in the lower chamber ( 32 ) leading supply line ( 18 ) for the medium to be dehumidified is controlled. 8. Apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that under the spray device ( 40 ) is arranged by the medium to be dehumidified filler layer ( 45 ) is arranged. 9. Device according to one of claims 6-8, characterized in that in the lower chamber ( 32 ) at vertically distant points room exhaust air and haze on the one hand and swathing on the other hand are introduced and the spray device ( 40 ) between the room exhaust air and Haze introduction point and the Schwwadeneinstellestelle is arranged. 10. Device according to one of claims 6-9, characterized in that when the water is removed for the spray device ( 40 ) from the lower chamber ( 32 ), the cooling and rinsing water is fed into its receiving space ( 28 ) for rinsing purposes as a function of the spray water temperature.