DE3640058C1 - Apparatus for producing reduced ceramic products, in particular roof tiles, in a tunnel kiln (furnace) - Google Patents

Apparatus for producing reduced ceramic products, in particular roof tiles, in a tunnel kiln (furnace)

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Publication number
DE3640058C1
DE3640058C1 DE19863640058 DE3640058A DE3640058C1 DE 3640058 C1 DE3640058 C1 DE 3640058C1 DE 19863640058 DE19863640058 DE 19863640058 DE 3640058 A DE3640058 A DE 3640058A DE 3640058 C1 DE3640058 C1 DE 3640058C1
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
cassettes
ceramic products
cases
roof tiles
furnace
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DE19863640058
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Wolfgang Dr Rer Nat Koether
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Keller Ofenbau GmbH
Original Assignee
Keller Ofenbau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Keller Ofenbau GmbH filed Critical Keller Ofenbau GmbH
Priority to DE19863640058 priority Critical patent/DE3640058C1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE3640058C1 publication Critical patent/DE3640058C1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/32—Burning methods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/06—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity heated without contact between combustion gases and charge; electrically heated
    • F27B9/08—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity heated without contact between combustion gases and charge; electrically heated heated through chamber walls
    • F27B9/082—Muffle furnaces
    • F27B9/088—Series of separate muffles conveyed through the furnace
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
    • F27B9/26—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace on or in trucks, sleds, or containers
    • F27B9/262—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace on or in trucks, sleds, or containers on or in trucks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D5/00—Supports, screens, or the like for the charge within the furnace
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D7/00—Forming, maintaining, or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers
    • F27D7/06—Forming or maintaining special atmospheres or vacuum within heating chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0003—Heating elements or systems with particulate fuel, e.g. aspects relating to the feeding

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)

Abstract

An apparatus for producing reduced ceramic products, in particular roof tiles (roofing tiles), in a tunnel kiln comprises, inter alia, spaces which are closed all around but open at the top, comprising cases in which the ceramic products are accommodated in one or more layers. The cases are carried on kiln carts (trucks) and each possess a sliding lid which can be moved to close the cases. In addition, the tunnel kiln is provided with a filling device which can be raised and lowered and is arranged above the cases and charges the cases with reducing agent. A stop which can be raised and lowered, and which is arranged at a distance from the filling device, grasps the sliding lids from behind and during the pushing procedure moves these on the cases in such a way that the cases are completely closed and closed reduction spaces are formed.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung der im Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 beschriebenen Art.The invention relates to a device in the preamble of claim 1 described Art.

In den Niederlanden, Dänemark und am Niederrhein werden keramische Erzeugnisse, insbesondere Dachziegel, in vollkommen durchreduziertem Zustand hergestellt. Diese grauen oder schwarzen Dachziegel nehmen dort einen erheblichen Marktanteil ein. Ihre Herstellung erfolgt in Kammer­ öfen in folgender Weise:In the Netherlands, Denmark and on the Lower Rhine, ceramic Products, especially roof tiles, in a completely reduced Condition manufactured. These gray or black roof tiles take there a significant market share. They are manufactured in chamber stoves in the following way:

Die getrockneten Dachziegelrohlinge werden in den Kammerofen gebracht und zunächst oxydierend bei Temperaturen um 1000°C gebrannt, damit die im Ton vorhandenen Stoffe wie organische Bestandteile und Pyrite ausbrennen bzw. aufoxydiert werden können. Nach dem Garbrand werden die Dachziegel auf ca. 800°C abgekühlt und dann unter Luftabschluß un­ ter Einführung von Reduktionsmitteln (meist Erdgas) über mehrere Stun­ den so lange reduziert, bis auch das rote Eisenoxyd (Fe2O3) im Inneren der Dachziegel sich zu schwarzem Eisenoxyd (FeO×Fe2O3) umgesetzt hat. Die weitere Abkühlung der Dachziegel erfolgt unter Luftabschluß, um ein Wiederaufoxydieren zu verhindern. Erst wenn eine Temperatur von ca. 350° bis 300°C erreicht ist, kann die restliche Abkühlung wieder mit Kaltluft erfolgen, da die Dachziegel dann aus kinetischen Gründen nicht mehr aufoxydieren. Schwarze bzw. graue Dachziegel lassen sich na­ türlich auch mit speziellen Engoben oder Glasuren bei oxydierender Brennweise herstellen. Doch entsprechen solche Dachziegel nicht der Tradition und zeigen durch Transportschäden, Stein- oder Hagelschlag bei Beschädigung der Oberfläche eine rote Grundfarbe.The dried roof tile blanks are brought into the chamber furnace and first fired oxidizing at temperatures around 1000 ° C, so that the substances present in the clay, such as organic components and pyrites, can burn out or be oxidized. After the firing, the roof tiles are cooled to approx. 800 ° C and then reduced in the absence of air with the introduction of reducing agents (mostly natural gas) over several hours until the red iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ) inside the roof tiles is itself has converted to black iron oxide (FeO × Fe 2 O 3 ). The roof tiles are cooled further in the absence of air to prevent re-oxidation. Only when a temperature of approx. 350 ° to 300 ° C has been reached can the remaining cooling be carried out again with cold air, since the roof tiles then no longer oxidize for kinetic reasons. Black or gray roof tiles can of course also be made with special engobes or glazes using an oxidizing firing method. However, such roof tiles do not correspond to tradition and show a red base color due to transport damage, stone or hailstones if the surface is damaged.

Die beschriebene Herstellung ist sehr energieintensiv und zeitraubend, so daß die Ziegelwerke nach modernen Produktionsmethoden unter Beibe­ haltung der Produktfarbe und der Produktqualität suchen.The manufacturing process described is very energy intensive and time consuming, so that the brick factories under Beibe according to modern production methods Seek the attitude of the product color and the product quality.

Eine wirtschaftlichere Herstellung im Tunnelofen, wobei die Dachzie­ gel einschließlich des Garbrands oxydierend gebrannt werden und spä­ ter in der Kühlzone vollkommen durchreduziert werden können, gibt es bis heute nicht, da der Tunnelofen einen Gegenstromwärmetauscher dar­ stellt, bei dem die Luft zur Abkühlung der Dachziegel durch den Ofen strömt, sich dabei aufwärmt und nach dem Garbrandbereich ihre Wärme wiederum an die aufzuheizenden Formlinge abgibt und sich dabei wie­ der abkühlt.A more economical production in the tunnel oven, the roof tile gel including the cooking brandy are burned oxidatively and late there can be completely reduced in the cooling zone not until today because the tunnel kiln is a counterflow heat exchanger provides the air to cool the roof tiles through the oven flows, warms up and its heat after the baking area  in turn gives off to the moldings to be heated and thereby how that cools down.

Es gibt zwar Reduktionsvorrichtungen an Tunnelöfen, die meist am Ende des Garbrandbereiches installiert sind. Hierbei kann durch Reduk­ tion unter Glasphasenbildung eine bläuliche Farbe lediglich an der Oberfläche erzeugt werden. Ein Durchreduzieren ist aus zeitlichen Grün­ den aber nicht möglich. Eine schwarze bzw. graue Farbe des gesamten Scherbens ohne Glasphasenbildung läßt sich nur bei Temperaturen unter 900°C durch Reduktion erreichen. Im Gegensatz zum Kammerofen würden die zum Beispiel bei 800°C im Tunnelofen reduzierten Ziegel wieder aufoxydieren, sobald der normale Tunnelofenbetrieb (Gegenstromdach­ ziegel/Luft) wieder aufgenommen wird. Dies würde zum Beispiel auch auftreten bei einem Verfahren nach der DE-AS 16 08 669 bzw. nach der in "Die Ziegelindustrie" 1962, Heft 23, S. 827, linke Spalte, vor­ letzter Absatz, beschriebenen Weise.There are reduction devices on tunnel kilns, which are mostly on Installed at the end of the cooking range. Reduk tion with a glass phase formation only a bluish color on the Surface are generated. Reducing through is temporal green but not possible. A black or gray color of the whole Shards without glass phase formation can only be at temperatures below Achieve 900 ° C by reduction. In contrast to the chamber furnace the bricks, for example, reduced at 800 ° C in the tunnel furnace Oxidize as soon as normal tunnel kiln operation (counterflow roof brick / air) is resumed. For example, this would also be the case occur in a method according to DE-AS 16 08 669 or according to in "Die Ziegelindustrie" 1962, Issue 23, p. 827, left column last paragraph, described way.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Vorrichtung zu schaffen, die sicherstellt, daß auch in einem Tunnelofen durchreduzierte kerami­ sche Erzeugnisse, insbesondere Dachziegel, hergestellt werden können.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a device which ensures that kerami is reduced even in a tunnel kiln cal products, in particular roof tiles, can be produced.

Gemäß der Erfindung wird diese Aufgabe durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentanspruchs 1 aufgeführten Merkmale gelöst.According to the invention this object is achieved by the in the characterizing part of the features listed solved.

Die Vorrichtung nach der Erfindung ermöglicht es somit, durchreduzier­ te keramische Erzeugnisse in einem Tunnelofen unter Zeit- und Energie­ ersparnis herzustellen. Die Verfahrensweise des Tunnelofens braucht dabei nicht auf eine Reduktion abgestellt zu werden, sondern kann nor­ mal weiter betrieben werden, da die Reduktion ausschließlich in den Kassetten stattfindet. Es ist also möglich, den Tunnelofen zugleich für die Herstellung von reduziert gebrannten und nicht reduziert ge­ brannten keramischen Erzeugnissen zu benutzen.The device according to the invention thus enables through-reduction ceramic products in a tunnel oven under time and energy to save. The procedure of the tunnel oven needs not to be geared to a reduction, but can nor times continue to be operated, since the reduction exclusively in the Cassettes takes place. So it is possible to use the tunnel kiln at the same time for the production of reduced burned and not reduced ge to use fired ceramic products.

In der Zeichnung ist eine Vorrichtung nach der Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels schematisch dargestellt. Es zeigtIn the drawing, a device according to the invention is based on a Exemplary embodiment shown schematically. It shows

Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht der Vorrichtung an einem Tunnelofen, wobei der Tunnelofen und die Kassetten in einem Längs­ schnitt dargestellt sind, Fig. 1 is a side view of the device in a tunnel furnace, the tunnel furnace and the cassette section in a longitudinal shown,

Fig. 2 einen Längsschnitt durch eine noch geöffnete Kassette. Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section through an open cassette.

Die getrockneten keramischen Erzeugnisse, zum Beispiel Dachziegel (Z), werden ein- oder mehrlagig in rundum geschlossenen, jedoch oben offenen Räumen untergebracht, die jeweils in Form einer Kassette (1) dargestellt sind. Die Kassetten (1) befinden sich auf Ofenwagen (2) oder auf anderen Transportmitteln, die die Kassetten (1) und damit die Dachziegel (Z) durch einen Tunnelofen (3) mit seinen verschiedenen Zonen (Anwärmzone, Brennzone, Kühlzone) transportiert.The dried ceramic products, for example roof tiles (Z) , are accommodated in one or more layers in all-round closed, but open spaces, which are each shown in the form of a cassette ( 1 ). The cassettes ( 1 ) are located on kiln cars ( 2 ) or on other means of transport that transport the cassettes ( 1 ) and thus the roof tiles (Z) through a tunnel oven ( 3 ) with its various zones (heating zone, burning zone, cooling zone).

Jede Kassette (1) besitzt einen verschiebbaren Deckel (4), der auf dem oberen Rand (5) einer jeden Kassette (1) aufliegt. Außerdem ist jede Kassette (1) im Innern durch eine Wand (6) in ein Abteil (7) für die Aufnahme der Dachziegel (Z) und ein Abteil (8) für die Auf­ nahme der Reduktionsmittel unterteilt.Each cassette ( 1 ) has a sliding cover ( 4 ) which rests on the upper edge ( 5 ) of each cassette ( 1 ). In addition, each cassette ( 1 ) is divided inside by a wall ( 6 ) into a compartment ( 7 ) for receiving the roof tiles (Z) and a compartment ( 8 ) for receiving the reducing agent.

Beim Einfahren der Ofenwagen (2) in den Tunnelofen (3) liegen die Schiebedeckel (4) so auf dem oberen Rand (5) der Kassetten (1 ) auf, daß bei jeder Kassette (1) eine freie Öffnung (9) von ca. 1/3 der Kassettenlänge (L) in Schubrichtung (Fall A) der Ofenwagen (2) vor­ handen ist.During retraction of the kiln car (2) in the tunnel furnace (3) the sliding cover (4) are in that way on the upper edge (5) of the cassette (1), that in each tray (1) has a free opening (9) of ca. 1/3 of cartridge length (L) in the thrust direction (case A), the kiln car (2) before the attention.

Die Dachziegel (Z) werden nun bei offener Kassette (1) in dem Tunnel­ ofen (3) unter oxydierenden Verhältnissen aufgeheizt, gargebrannt und bis auf ca. 800°C abgekühlt. Im Bereich zwischen 800°C und 500°C befin­ det sich in der Kühlzone (K) des Tunnelofens (3) in der Ofendecke (10) eine heb- und senkbare Einfüllvorrichtung (11), die beim Absenken durch die Öffnung (9) der Kassette (1) in diese eingeführt wird. Durch die Einfüllvorrichtung (11) erfolgt eine Befüllung des Ab­ teils (8) der Kassette (1) mit Reduktionsmittel (zum Beispiel Kohle oder andere organische Stoffe).The roof tiles (Z) are now heated with the cassette ( 1 ) open in the tunnel oven ( 3 ) under oxidizing conditions, baked and cooled to approx. 800 ° C. In the range between 800 ° C and 500 ° C is located in the cooling zone (K) of the tunnel furnace ( 3 ) in the furnace roof ( 10 ), a filler ( 11 ) that can be raised and lowered, which when lowered through the opening ( 9 ) Cassette ( 1 ) is inserted into this. The filling device ( 11 ) fills the part ( 8 ) of the cassette ( 1 ) with reducing agent (for example coal or other organic substances).

Sind die Reduktionsmittel in die Kassette (1) eingebracht, werden die Schiebedeckel (4) über einen ebenfalls in der Ofendecke (10) und im Abstand von der Einfüllvorrichtung (11) angeordneten heb- und senk­ baren Anschlag (12), der die Schiebedeckel (4 ) hintergreift, durch den Schubvorgang der Ofenwagen (2) so auf den Kassetten (1) verscho­ ben, daß die Öffnung (9) geschlossen und damit die Kassetten (1) luft­ dicht abgeschlossen werden. Damit haben sich von allen Seiten geschlos­ sene Reduktionsräume in den Kassetten (1) gebildet. Es kann nun kein Sauerstoff mehr in die Kassetten (1) gelangen. Das in die Kassetten ein­ geführte Reduktionsmittel vergast, und innerhalb der Kassetten (1) bildet sich jeweils eine Reduktionsatmosphäre, wobei das Reduktions­ mittel über Gasaustauschreaktionen die in den Kassetten (1) befindli­ chen Dachziegel (Z) durchreduziert. Alle Ofenwagen (2) durchlaufen mit einer von der Art der keramischen Erzeugnisse abhängigen Reisezeit den Tunnelofen. Da die Dachziegel (Z) längere Zeit in der Reduktionsatmosphä­ re innerhalb der Kassetten (1) verbleiben und keiner Oxydationsatmosphäre ausgesetzt sind, sind die Dachziegel (Z) durchreduziert und haben außen sowie im Inneren eine dunkle Reduzierfarbe.Once the reducing agents have been introduced into the cassette ( 1 ), the sliding covers ( 4 ) are lifted and lowered via a stop ( 12 ), which is located in the furnace cover ( 10 ) and at a distance from the filling device ( 11 ). 4 ) engages behind, by pushing the kiln car ( 2 ) on the cassettes ( 1 ) so that the opening ( 9 ) is closed and thus the cassettes ( 1 ) are airtight. Thus, closed reduction spaces have been formed in the cassettes ( 1 ) from all sides. Oxygen can no longer get into the cassettes ( 1 ). The introduced into the cassettes a reducing agent gasified, and within the cassettes ( 1 ) each form a reducing atmosphere, the reducing agent through gas exchange reactions through the roof tiles (Z) located in the cassettes ( 1 ) through-reduced. All kiln cars ( 2 ) pass through the tunnel kiln with a travel time depending on the type of ceramic products. Since the roof tiles (Z) remain in the reduction atmosphere for a long time within the cassettes ( 1 ) and are not exposed to an oxidation atmosphere, the roof tiles (Z) are reduced and have a dark reducing color on the outside and inside.

Die am Ofenende mit den Ofenwagen (2) ausfahrenden Kassetten (1) wer­ den geöffnet und die durchreduzierten Dachziegel (Z) den Kassetten (1) entnommen und abtransportiert. Gegebenenfalls kann eine Entaschung der Kassetten (1) für den nächsten Ofendurchgang erfolgen.The cassettes ( 1 ) extending at the end of the furnace with the furnace cars ( 2 ) are opened and the reduced roof tiles (Z ) are removed from the cassettes ( 1 ) and transported away. If necessary, the cassettes ( 1 ) can be ashed for the next furnace pass.

Claims (2)

1. Vorrichtung zur Herstellung reduzierter keramischer Erzeugnisse, insbesondere Dachziegeln, in einem Tunnelofen, bei dem die Dach­ ziegel durch eine Anwärmzone, eine Brennzone und eine Kühlzone geführt und dabei unter oxydierenden Verhältnissen aufgewärmt, gebrannt, abgekühlt und während des Temperaturrückganges einer reduzierenden Atmosphäre ausgesetzt werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Vorrichtung u. a. aus rundum geschlossenen, jedoch oben offenen Räu­ men bzw. Kassetten (1) besteht, in denen die keramischen Erzeugnisse ein- oder mehrlagig untergebracht sind und die auf Ofenwagen (2) gelagert sind,
wobei auf dem oberen Rand (5) der Kassetten (1) jeweils ein Schiebe­ deckel (4) angeordnet ist, der zum Schließen der Kassetten (1) verschiebbar ist,
und eine am Tunnelofen (3) oberhalb der Kassetten (1) angeordnete, heb- und senkbare Einfüllvorrichtung (11) vorgesehen ist, die Re­ duktionsmittel in die Kassetten (1) einfüllt,
wobei ein heb- und senkbarer Anschlag (12) im Abstand zur Einfüll­ einrichtung (11) angeordnet ist, der die Schiebedeckel (4) hinter­ greift und diese so auf dem oberen Rand (5) der Kassetten (1) ver­ schiebt, daß die Kassetten (1) vollständig geschlossen sind und abgeschlossene Reduktionsräume bilden.1.Device for the production of reduced ceramic products, in particular roof tiles, in a tunnel oven in which the roof tiles are passed through a heating zone, a burning zone and a cooling zone and are heated, oxidized, burned, cooled and exposed to a reducing atmosphere during the drop in temperature , characterized,
that the device consists, inter alia, of all-round closed but open spaces or cassettes ( 1 ) in which the ceramic products are accommodated in one or more layers and which are stored on kiln cars ( 2 ),
wherein on the upper edge ( 5 ) of the cassettes ( 1 ) a sliding cover ( 4 ) is arranged, which can be moved to close the cassettes ( 1 ),
and a lifting and lowering filling device ( 11 ) which is arranged on the tunnel furnace ( 3 ) above the cassettes ( 1 ) and which fills reducing agents in the cassettes ( 1 ),
wherein a lifting and lowering stop ( 12 ) is arranged at a distance from the filling device ( 11 ), which engages behind the sliding cover ( 4 ) and pushes them on the upper edge ( 5 ) of the cassettes ( 1 ) so that the cassettes ( 1 ) are completely closed and form closed reduction rooms. 2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kassetten (1) im Inneren jeweils durch eine Wand (6) in ein Abteil (7 ) für die keramischen Erzeugnisse und ein Abteil (8) für die Reduktionsmittel unterteilt sind.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cassettes ( 1 ) are each divided by a wall ( 6 ) into a compartment ( 7 ) for the ceramic products and a compartment ( 8 ) for the reducing agent.
DE19863640058 1986-11-24 1986-11-24 Apparatus for producing reduced ceramic products, in particular roof tiles, in a tunnel kiln (furnace) Expired DE3640058C1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863640058 DE3640058C1 (en) 1986-11-24 1986-11-24 Apparatus for producing reduced ceramic products, in particular roof tiles, in a tunnel kiln (furnace)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863640058 DE3640058C1 (en) 1986-11-24 1986-11-24 Apparatus for producing reduced ceramic products, in particular roof tiles, in a tunnel kiln (furnace)

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE3640058C1 true DE3640058C1 (en) 1988-04-21

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4200012A1 (en) * 1992-01-02 1993-07-08 Erlus Baustoffwerke Interlocking roof tile with transverse ribs on undersurface - which facilitate transport on roller conveyor through firing kiln

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR971009A (en) * 1948-09-02 1951-01-11 Process for treating ceramic products and muffle furnace for the implementation of this process

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR971009A (en) * 1948-09-02 1951-01-11 Process for treating ceramic products and muffle furnace for the implementation of this process

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DE-Z.: Die Ziegelindustrie, 1962, H.23, S.823-827 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4200012A1 (en) * 1992-01-02 1993-07-08 Erlus Baustoffwerke Interlocking roof tile with transverse ribs on undersurface - which facilitate transport on roller conveyor through firing kiln
DE4200012C2 (en) * 1992-01-02 1999-04-15 Erlus Baustoffwerke Process for firing roofing tiles

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